Radio and Tv Broadcast Antennas
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BETS-5 Issue 1 November 1, 1996
BETS-5 Issue 1 November 1, 1996 Spectrum Management Broadcasting Equipment Technical Standard Technical Standards and Requirements for AM Broadcasting Transmitters Aussi disponible en français - NTMR-5 Purpose This document contains the technical standards and requirements for the issuance of a Technical Acceptance Certificate (TAC) for AM broadcasting transmitters. A certificate issued for equipment classified as type approved or as technically acceptable before the coming into force of these technical standards and requirements is considered to be a valid and subsisting TAC. A Technical Acceptance Certificate is not required for equipment manufactured or imported solely for re-export, prototyping, demonstration, exhibition or testing purposes. i Table of Contents Page 1. General ...............................................................1 2. Testing and Labelling ..................................................1 3. Standard Test Conditions ..............................................2 4. Transmitting Equipment Standards .....................................3 5. Equipment Requirements ..............................................4 6. RF Carrier Performance Standards .................................... 5 6.1 Power Output Rating .................................................5 6.2 Modulation Capability ................................................5 6.3 Carrier Frequency Stability ............................................6 6.4 Carrier Level Shift ...................................................7 6.5 Spurious Emissions -
Signal Issue 37
Signal Issue 37 Tricks of the Trade Dave Porter G4OYX and Alan Beech G1BXG By 25th September 1965, Radio 390 was on the air and 31st December 2015 marks the fiftieth anniversary of the start of the offshore station Radio Scotland. The only remaining station to launch with RCA 10 kW Ampliphase transmitters was Radio 270 from 4th June 1966, on-air some three months later than originally planned. Member’s contribution understood that, whilst CE was used to these T-K arrangements, mainly for Government contracts, the need After reading the last three ToTT, VMARS Member Tony to effect a quick turn-around with minimal delays was not Rock G3KTR/AD1X contacted the author (DP) with the quite their norm. With time slipping by, the decision was following information on the 1965 build of Radio Scotland. made to leave the USA without the systems being totally commissioned and to complete en-route. Also, during this Tony writes; I read with interest the article you and Alan trip, it was discovered that one of the planned operating put together on Ampliphase transmitters. In the mid-1960s frequencies, namely 650 kHz, was actually occupied in the I was working out of the RCA Broadcast & UK by a certain high-power station on 647 kHz, the Communications Division at Sunbury-on-Thames. At this 150 kW BBC Third Programme. It was understood that an time RCA had sold several transmitters to offshore ‘pirate’ early ‘recce’ by the Americans to the UK to check for ‘spare radio stations. While Marconi and other European channels’ resulted in a monitoring time when the Third companies could be subjected to sanctions by the Programme was not scheduled on air. -
Catv Cabling System
NYULMC AMBULATORY CARE CENTER – FIT-OUT PHASE 1 Perkins & Will Architects PC 222 E 41st ST, NYC Project: 032698.000 Issued for GMP March 15, 2017 SECTION 27 41 33 CATV CABLING PART 1 - GENERAL 1.1 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION A. Furnish and install a complete and fully operational Television Signal Distribution System capable of delivering up to 158 video channels (6 MHz NTSC Channels containing NTSC, ATSC and QAM modulated programs) and IP Video over an installed Category 6A unshielded twisted pair cable system. The System shall utilize a cable plant comprised of a TIA/EIA 568 compliant horizontal distribution cable system and a coaxial and/or single mode fiber backbone system. The System shall employ Active Automatic Gain Control Electronics to adjust the video signal levels to each TV and shall be capable of supporting up to 14,000 connected devices. The System shall support bi-directional RF transmission for backbone interconnections. Include amplifiers, power supplies, cables, outlets, attenuators, hubs, baluns, adaptors, transceivers, and other parts necessary for the reception and distribution of the local CATV signals. Back-feed existing campus system. (CAT 5e is acceptable to 117 channels) B. Distribute cable channels to TV outlets to permit simple connection of EIA standard Analog/Digital television receivers. C. Deliver at outlets monochrome and NTSC color television signals without introducing noticeable effect on picture and color fidelity or sound. Signal levels and performance shall meet or exceed the minimums specified in Part 76 of the FCC Rules and Regulations D. Provide reception quality at each outlet equal to or better than that received in the area with individual antennas. -
Compact UWB Slotted Monopole Antenna with Diplexer for Simultaneous Microwave Energy Harvesting and Data Communication Applications
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 109, 169–186, 2021 Compact UWB Slotted Monopole Antenna with Diplexer for Simultaneous Microwave Energy Harvesting and Data Communication Applications Geriki Polaiah*, Krishnamoorthy Kandasamy, and Muralidhar Kulkarni Abstract—This paper proposes a new integration of compact ultra-wideband (UWB) slotted monopole antenna with a diplexer and rectifier for simultaneous energy harvesting and data communication applications. The antenna is composed of four symmetrical circularly slotted patches, a feed line, and a ground plane. A slotline open loop resonator based diplexer is implemented to separate the required signal from the antenna without extra matching circuit. A microwave rectifier based on the voltage doubler topology is designed for RF energy harvesting. The prototypes of the proposed antenna, diplexer, and rectifier are fabricated, measured, and compared with the simulation results. The measurement results show that the fractional impedance bandwidth of proposed UWB antenna reaches 149.7% (2.1 GHz–14.6 GHz); the diplexer minimum insertion losses (|S21|, |S31|) are 1.37 dB and 1.42 dB at passband frequencies; the output isolation (|S23|) is better than 30 dB from 1 GHz to 5 GHz; and the peak RF-DC conversion efficiency of the rectifier is 32.8% at an input power of −5dBm. The overall performance of the antenna with a diplexer and rectifier is also studied, and it is found that the proposed new configuration is suitable for simultaneous microwave energy harvesting and data communication applications. 1. INTRODUCTION Simultaneous wireless power transmission and communication is a promising technology that is intended to transmit power in free-space without wires and also provides data communication. -
Understanding the Cavity Duplexer
i THE CAVITY DUPLEXER John E Portune W6NBC [email protected] rev 2019 NOTE FROM AUTHOR This book was written several years ago and based on hardware-store copper water pipe as the source of home-brew duplexer construction materials. Later I began making from spun-aluminum commercial cake pans. Both require no welding. Unfortunately the price of copper is today much higher. Cake pans, however, are still reasonably priced, readily available and very acceptable as the basis especially for VHF cavities. Because of maximum cavity size limit, copper water pipe may still be indicated for UHF and above. In any case, how a duplexer operates is basic physics. No matter what the material, or whether the duplexer is commercial or home brew, the principles herein are universal to duplexer construction, modification and tuning. This book, however, is not finished. Repeater building is no longer my primary interest in ham radio. Some subjects could be added. But as it contains the essentials, I have placed on the internet incomplete. If you reproduce it, be so kind as to give proper author’s credits. W6NBC January 2019 . ii CHAPTER OUTLINE 1. The Mysterious Duplexer • The black box everybody uses but nobody understands • Keys to understanding it • This is not a cookbook 2. Let’s Make a Cavity • Home-brew 2M aluminum cavity • Example for the entire book • The best way to learn 3. Cavities • Mechanical and electrical properties of cavities • Basic structure of a duplexer • Why use cavities • Getting energy in and out: loops, probes, taps and ports • Three cavity types: Bp, Br, Bp/Br • Creating the other types • Helical resonators for 6M and 10M duplexers 4. -
The Market Leader in Over-The-Air Broadcasting Solutions
Connecting What’s Next The Market Leader in Over-the-Air Broadcasting Solutions GatesAir efficiently leverages broadcast spectrum to maximize performance for multichannel TV and radio services, offering the industry’s broadest portfolio to help broadcasters wirelessly deliver and monetize content. With nearly 100 years in broadcasting, GatesAir’s exclusive focus on the over-the-air market helps broadcasters optimize services today and prepare for future revenue-generating business opportunities. All research, development and innovation is driven from the company’s facilities in Mason, Ohio and supported by the long-standing manufacturing center in Quincy, Illinois. GatesAir’s turnkey solutions are built on three pillars: Content Transport, TV Transmission, and Radio Transmission. GatesAir’s globally renowned Intraplex range comprises the Transport pillar, enabling audio contribution and distribution (along with data) over IP and TDM networks. Intraplex solutions provide value for broadcasters for point-to-point (STL, remote broadcast) and multipoint (single-frequency networks, syndicated distribution) connectivity. GatesAir continues to innovate robust and reliable solutions for traditional RF STL connections that can also accommodate IP traffic. In larger transmitter networks, Simulcasting technology ensures all GatesAir transmitters are time-locked for synchronous, over-the-air content delivery. Powering over-the-air analog and digital radio/TV stations and networks worldwide with the industry’s most operationally efficient transmitters is a longtime measure of success for GatesAir. Groundbreaking innovations in low, medium and high- power transmitters reduce footprint, energy use and more to establish the industry’s lowest total cost of ownership. Support for all digital standards and convergence with mobile networks ensure futureproof systems. -
A Guide for Radio Operators BROCHURE RADIO TRANSM ANG 3/27/97 8:47 PM Page 2
BROCHURE RADIO TRANSM ANG 3/27/97 8:47 PM Page 17 A Guide for Radio Operators BROCHURE RADIO TRANSM ANG 3/27/97 8:47 PM Page 2 Aussi disponible en français. 32-EN-95539W-01 © Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada 1996 BROCHURE RADIO TRANSM ANG 3/27/97 8:47 PM Page 3 CUTTING THROUGH... INTERFERENCE FROM RADIO TRANSMITTERS A Guide for Radio Operators This brochure is primarily for amateur and General Radio Service (GRS, commonly known as CB) radio operators. It provides basic information to help you install and maintain your station so you get the best performance and the most enjoyment from it. You will learn how to identify the causes of radio interference in nearby electronic equipment, and how to fix the problem. What type of equipment can be affected by radio interference? Both radio and non-radio devices can be adversely affected by radio signals. Radio devices include AM and FM radios, televisions, cordless telephones and wireless intercoms. Non-radio electronic equipment includes stereo audio systems, wired telephones and regular wired intercoms. All of this equipment can be disturbed by radio signals. What can cause radio interference? Interference usually occurs when radio transmitters and electronic equipment are operated within close range of each other. Interference is caused by: ■ incorrectly installed radio transmitting equipment; ■ an intense radio signal from a nearby transmitter; ■ unwanted signals (called spurious radiation) generated by the transmitting equipment; and ■ not enough shielding or filtering in the electronic equipment to prevent it from picking up unwanted signals. What can you do? 1. -
En 300 720 V2.1.0 (2015-12)
Draft ETSI EN 300 720 V2.1.0 (2015-12) HARMONISED EUROPEAN STANDARD Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) on-board vessels communications systems and equipment; Harmonised Standard covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the Directive 2014/53/EU 2 Draft ETSI EN 300 720 V2.1.0 (2015-12) Reference REN/ERM-TG26-136 Keywords Harmonised Standard, maritime, radio, UHF ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Important notice The present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org/standards-search The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: https://portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI. -
Cisco Broadband Data Book
Broadband Data Book © 2020 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. THE BROADBAND DATABOOK Cable Access Business Unit Systems Engineering Revision 21 August 2019 © 2020 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 1 Table of Contents Section 1: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 4 Section 2: FREQUENCY CHARTS ........................................................................................ 6 Section 3: RF CHARACTERISTICS OF BROADCAST TV SIGNALS ..................................... 28 Section 4: AMPLIFIER OUTPUT TILT ................................................................................. 37 Section 5: RF TAPS and PASSIVES CHARACTERISTICS ................................................... 42 Section 6: COAXIAL CABLE CHARACTERISTICS .............................................................. 64 Section 7: STANDARD HFC GRAPHIC SYMBOLS ............................................................. 72 Section 8: DTV STANDARDS WORLDWIDE ....................................................................... 80 Section 9: DIGITAL SIGNALS ............................................................................................ 90 Section 10: STANDARD DIGITAL INTERFACES ............................................................... 100 Section 11: DOCSIS SIGNAL CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................... 108 Section 12: FIBER CABLE CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................... -
SBE Comments to FINAL AM Improvement Docket
Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, DC 20554 In the Matter of ) ) Revitalization of the AM Radio Service ) MB Docket No. 13-153 To: The Commission COMMENTS OF THE SOCIETY OF BROADCAST ENGINEERS, INCORPORATED 1. The Society of Broadcast Engineers, Incorporated (“SBE”)1 respectfully submits its Comments in response to portions of the Commission’s Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, 13-139, 28 FCC Rcd. 15221, released October 31, 2013 in the above-captioned proceeding (the “Notice”).2 The Notice proposes “to introduce a number of possible improvements to the … AM… radio service and the rules pertaining to AM broadcasting.” The Commission also seeks “to revitalize further the AM band by identifying ways to enhance AM broadcast quality and proposing changes to our technical rules that would enable AM stations to improve their service.” The Commission proposes to “help AM broadcasters better serve the public, thereby advancing the Commission’s fundamental goals of localism, competition, and diversity in broadcast media.” SBE applauds this effort and offers the following comments on some of the technical issues raised in this proceeding. Specifically, SBE offers its comments on four issues that will provide both immediate and long-term relief to AM broadcast licensees: 1 SBE is the national association of broadcast engineers and technical communications professionals, with more than 5,000 members worldwide. 2 The Notice of Proposed Rulemaking was published in the Federal Register November 20, 2013. See, 78 Fed. Reg. 69629. 1 -
Uwìälu @Aiswww@
Nov. 27, 1951 s. s. H|l_|_v 2,576,115 ARRANCEMENT ECR TRANSMIITINC ELECTRIC sICNALs CCCURYINC A wIDE FREQUENCY BAND CvER NARRow BAND CIRCUITS Filed Feb. 4, 1948 Nîä,_ , Emmaüzzwru www@ @waisuwìälu Patented Nov. 27, 1951 ' 2,576,115 UNITED STATES A,lnßxrlszN'r oFFlcE 2,516,115 ARRANGEMENT FOR TRANSMITTING ELEC TRIC SIGNALS OCCUPYING A WIDE FRE QUENCY BAND OVERI NARROW BAND CIR CUITS i Stuart Seymour Hill, London, England, assigner to International Standard Electric Corpora tion, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Dela Application February 4, 1948, Serial No. 6,316 In Great Britain February 7, 1947 13 Claims.` (Cl. 17H4) 2 The present invention relates to electric signal of one or more sections to the frequency range. transmission systems of the kind in which signals passed by the corresponding channel and meansl occupying a relative wide frequency band are for transmitting the frequency shifted sections. transmitted over two or more circuits each of over the respective channels, characterised in which is capable of transmitting only a relative “ this, that the frequency shifting means in thev ly narrow frequency band. case of at least one section comprises two succes The invention has its principal application to sive frequency changes, one of which employs a broadcasting circuits. fixed carrier frequency and the other a carrier It is frequently necessary to send broadcast ma frequency which is adjusted to a value deter terial to the studios by telephone line. Some 10 mined by the cut-off frequency of the correspond times special broadcast channels designed for a ing channel. -
Multi-Coupled Resonator Microwave Diplexer with High Isolation
Proceedings of the 46th European Microwave Conference Multi-Coupled Resonator Microwave Diplexer with High Isolation Augustine O. Nwajana, Kenneth S. K. Yeo Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of East London London, UK [email protected] Abstract—A microwave diplexer achieved by coupling a dual- and dual-band filter (DBF) design [7], engineers can achieve band bandpass filter onto two single-bands (transmit, Tx and diplexers purely based on existing formulations rather than receive, Rx) bandpass filters is presented. This design eliminates developing complex optimisation algorithm to achieve the the need for employing external junctions in diplexer design, as same function. Also, since the resultant diplexer in this paper is opposed to the conventional design approach which requires formed by coupling a section of the BPF resonators, onto a th separate junctions for energy distribution. A 10-pole (10 order) section of the DBF resonators, a reduced sized diplexer is diplexer has been successfully designed, simulated, fabricated achieved. This is because the energy distributing resonators and measured. The diplexer is composed of 2 poles from the dual- (that is, the two DBF resonators), contribute one resonant pole band filter, 4 poles from the Tx bandpass filter, and the to the diplexer Tx channel and one resonant pole to the diplexer remaining 4 poles from the Rx bandpass filter. The design was implemented using asynchronously tuned microstrip square Rx channel. Therefore, the large size issue with the open-loop resonators. The simulation and measurement results conventional diplexer design can be avoided, as external show that an isolation of 50 dB is achieved between the diplexer junctions (or external/common resonator) are not required.