Structural Equation Model of Corporate Social Corporate Reputation Towards Corporate Social
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STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INNOVATION, CORPORATE IMAGE AND CORPORATE REPUTATION TOWARDS CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INNOVATION ADOPTION AMONG GENERATION Y 1583791689 NIDA E-THESIS 5811831001 dissertation / recv: 14122561 12:21:55 seq: 25 Chonnikarn Seritanondh 1 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Communication Arts and Innovation) The Graduate School of Communication Arts and Management Innovation National Institute of Development Administration 2018 iii ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODEL OF CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INNOVATION, CORPORATE IMAGE AND CORPORATE REPUTATION TOWARDS CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INNOVATION ADOPTION AMONG GENERATION 1583791689 Y Author Chonnikarn Seritanondh Degree Doctor of Philosophy (Communication Arts and NIDA E-THESIS 5811831001 dissertation / recv: 14122561 12:21:55 seq: 25 Innovation) Year 2018 This research on Structural Equation Model of Corporate Social Responsibility Innovation, Corporate Image and Corporate Reputation towards Corporate Social Responsibility Innovation Adoption among Generation Y aims to (1) examine the social issues and the attributes of innovation in CSR innovation of three organizations; Charoen Pokphand Foods Public Co, Ltd., Siam Cement Group Public Co, Ltd. and PTT Public Co, Ltd. and (2) test the Structural Equation Model of CSR innovation, corporate image and corporate reputation towards CSR innovation adoption among Generation Y, generated by the researcher, with the existing empirical literatures and principles. Both qualitative research and quantitative research are applied to conduct a iii research. Firstly, the content analysis is applied to conduct CSR innovation news analysis of these three organizations, starting from 2014 to 2016. Then, 340 sets of questionnaire are distributed to collect data from Generation Y, who are 18 to 34 in age, living, studying or working in Bangkok and Vicinity. The content analysis results report 170 CSR innovation news in total from 2014 to 2016. In fact, community involvement issue was likely to be supported the most, reporting 36.55% of all six social issues, followed by environmental protection issue (28.74%) and injury prevention issue (16.55%). Apart from this, the analysis shows that the top three main attributes of innovation found in CSR innovation news were relative advantage, compatibility and risk (17.42% equally in each); however, the content analysis results of each organization show both similar and different findings. iv In addition, the overall results of Structural Equation Model analysis show that the model fit with empirical data (Chi-square = 100.632, df = 97, p = 0.380, Chi-square/df = 1.037, GFI = 0.970, AGFI = 0.941, CFI = 0.999, IFI = 0.999, NFI = 0.984, RMSEA = 0.011, RMR = 0.010). Corporate reputation has positive direct effect towards CSR innovation adoption at significant level. The value of effect is 0.74. Interestingly, corporate image shows positive direct effect towards corporate reputation at significant 1583791689 level. The value of effect is 0.93. Likewise, attributes of CSR innovation report positive direct effect towards CSR innovation adoption. The value of effect is 0.21. Besides these direct effects, corporate image has indirect effect towards CSR innovation NIDA E-THESIS 5811831001 dissertation / recv: 14122561 12:21:55 seq: 25 adoption through corporate reputation. The value of effect is 0.68. Still, the model analysis of each organization report different findings. The finding indicates that attributes of CSR innovation have low value of positive direct effect to CSR innovation adoption among Generation Y consumers, compared with corporate image and corporate reputation variables. This is probably because Generation Y consumers believe that even though CSR innovation demonstrates all seven attributes of innovation that lead to acceptance, it is little important than a good corporate image and corporate reputation. In other words, no matter how attributes of CSR innovation are, they are less important than reliability and trustworthiness perceived by Generation Y consumers through a good corporate image and corporate reputation. In addition, corporate image iv happens before corporate reputation as people’s first impression towards the organization and then evaluate its execution over a course of time and create corporate reputation; therefore, corporate image is a variable that has positive direct effect to corporate reputation. In summary, if an organization has a good corporate image, its corporate reputation will be good accordingly. Then, it will probably show positive effect to CSR innovation adoption among Generation Y consumers. v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS After an intensive period of three years, it’s time to write the last page of my dissertation. Firstly, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my superb advisor Professor Yubol Benjarongkij, Ph.D for the continuous support of my Ph.D study and related research, for her patience, motivation, encouragement and immense knowledge. 1583791689 Her guidance helped me a lot in all the time of research and writing of this dissertation. I could not have imagined having a better advisor and mentor for my Ph.D study. Besides my advisor, I would like to deeply thank the rest of my dissertation committee: NIDA E-THESIS 5811831001 dissertation / recv: 14122561 12:21:55 seq: 25 Associate Professor Patchanee Cheychanya, Associate Professor Rungnapa Pitpreecha, and Associate Professor Napawan Tantivejakul, Ph.D for their insightful comments related to research methodology and corporate reputation suggestion. My sincere thanks also go to all staff of Graduate School of Communication Arts and Management Innovation who assisted me in terms of facility and graduation process. I also would like to thank my fellow Ph.D classmates for sharing both intense experience and enjoyable moment. Last but not the least, I would like to thank my family: Assistant Professor Siriporn Seritanondh, Ph.D and Paisarn Seritanondh for supporting me spiritually throughout writing this dissertation and my life in general. Both of you are my role models of hard working and attempt. You’ve inspired and encouraged me to be the best v student and teacher I could possibly be. Thank you so much for everything that you’ve done to help me reach the highest of my profession. Then, I leave the last paragraph to give a special thanks to Ekapon Thienthaworn, Ph.D who is my Ph.D classmate and from now on is my family leader. Thanks for your encouragement and kind support. I am grateful to have you as a co- researcher and life partner from this day forward. Confidently, we will enjoy producing a good academic work and building a good academic family together. Chonnikarn Seritanondh December 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ................................................................................................................. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................... v 1583791689 TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................. vi LIST OF TABLE ....................................................................................................... viii NIDA E-THESIS 5811831001 dissertation / recv: 14122561 12:21:55 seq: 25 LIST OF FIGURE......................................................................................................... xi INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 1 Introduction and Problem Statement ................................................................... 1 Research questions .............................................................................................. 6 Research objectives ............................................................................................. 7 Scope of the research ........................................................................................... 7 Operational definitions ........................................................................................ 8 Expected benefits of the research ...................................................................... 12 CONCEPT, THEORY, AND LITERATURE REVIEW ...................... 13 Theories and Concepts of Innovation ................................................................ 13 Concepts of Corporate Social Responsibility .................................................... 24 Concepts of Corporate Social Responsibility Innovation ................................. 37 Concepts of Corporate Image and Corporate Reputation .................................. 42 Concepts of Generation Y ................................................................................. 60 Theories and concepts of Innovation Adoption ................................................. 73 Structural Equation Models ............................................................................... 87 Related studies ................................................................................................... 91 Conceptual Framework ................................................................................... 105 RESEARCH FRAMEWORK AND METHODOLOGY .................... 106 Research framework ........................................................................................ 106 Variables in the