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Diptera: Acalyptratae): a World Catalog Update Covering the Years 2000–2010, with New Generic Synonymy, New Combinations, and New Distributions

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Diptera: Acalyptratae): a World Catalog Update Covering the Years 2000–2010, with New Generic Synonymy, New Combinations, and New Distributions ACTA ENTOMOLOGICA MUSEI NATIONALIS PRAGAE Published 30.vi.2011 Volume 51(1), pp. 217–298 ISSN 0374-1036 The state of Sphaeroceridae (Diptera: Acalyptratae): a world catalog update covering the years 2000–2010, with new generic synonymy, new combinations, and new distributions Stephen A. MARSHALL1), Jindřich ROHÁČEK2), Hui DONG3) & Matthias BUCK4) 1) School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1; e-mail: [email protected] 2) Department of Entomology, Silesian Museum, Tyršova 1, CZ-746 01 Opava, Czech Republic; e-mail: [email protected] 3) Shenzhen Fairylake Botanical Garden, Fairylake Rd 160, Luohu District, Shenzhen, China 518004; e-mail: fi [email protected] 4) Invertebrate Zoology, Royal Alberta Museum, 12845-102nd Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T5N 0M6; e-mail: [email protected] Abstract. The taxonomy and nomenclature of the family Sphaeroceridae (Dipte- ra: Acalyptratae) is reviewed in the context of a world catalog and bibliography covering the last decade (2000–2010). Bispinicerca Su & Liu, 2009, syn. nov., is synonymized with Opacifrons Duda, 1918 and the following new combinations are given: Opacifrons liupanensis (Su & Liu, 2009), comb. nov., Pseudopterogram- ma annectens (Richards, 1964), comb. nov., Pseudopterogramma brevivenosum (Tenorio, 1967), comb. nov., and Pseudopterogramma conicum (Richards, 1946), comb. nov. Thirty genera and 211 species were added to the family between 2000 and 2010, giving a current total of 141 genera and 1,550 species. A gallery with 32 macrophotographs is provided, depicting 32 species of 30 genera represen- ting 3 subfamilies of Sphaeroceridae. A world bibliography of Sphaeroceridae is supplemented with 306 references. Key words. Diptera, Sphaeroceridae, catalog, nomenclature, taxonomy, biblio- graphy Introduction The world Sphaeroceridae were comprehensively catalogued by ROHÁČEK et al. (2001), covering all 1,339 valid species and 111 genera described up to 2000. Considerable new information is now available about sphaerocerid taxonomy, biology and distribution, and some 30 genera and 211 species have been added to the family since 2000. Our objective in preparing this review is to summarise that new information. 218 MARSHALL et al.: Sphaeroceridae – a world catalog update (2000–2010) Sphaerocerid taxonomy remains an active fi eld, and the 1,550 species now known certainly represent far less than half the species still awaiting description in the New World and Old World tropics. The higher classifi cation of the family remains poorly resolved and it has even been suggested that the family itself should be reduced to a subfamily within a newly defi ned “Heteromyzidae” including the Heleomyzidae and Sphaeroceridae (MCALPINE 2007). This would reduce the family Sphaeroceridae to subfamily Sphaerocerinae and reduce the subfa- milies Tucminae, Copromyzinae, Sphaerocerinae, Homalomitrinae and Limosininae to tribes Tucmini, Copromyzini, Sphaerocerini, Homalomitrini and Limosinini. While recognizing that the Heleomyzidae as currently constituted is almost certainly paraphyletic with regard to the Sphaeroceridae, we feel that combining these two large and widely recognized families at this time would serve no useful purpose and would destabilize sphaerocerid nomenclature. As far as we are aware, no other taxonomist working on Sphaeroceridae or Heleomyzidae has accepted McAlpine’s proposal to include the Sphaeroceridae in the Heteromyzidae. As noted below in the introduction to the Limosininae, the generic classifi cation of the Sphaeroceridae was complicated by recent publications (especially PAPP 2008b) which have added dozens of new, mostly monotypic, genera and subgenera from the Old World tropics, generally without discussion of their relationships or the criteria used to decide between species group, subgeneric or generic status. This, plus the very large number of undescribed genera and species in the New World tropics suggests that the classifi cation of this large family will remain unstable for years to come. Material and methods Type depositories. The following type depositories were not mentioned in the original catalog (acronyms are based, with some additions, on ARNETT et al. 1993): BAUC, CMNH, IZAV, MUSM, NIID, QZAC, SACS, SMJM. For their full names see “Acronyms used in the catalog” below. Format. The following entries are generally formatted to correspond with the World Catalog of Sphaeroceridae (ROHÁČEK et al. 2001). No information published in the latter are repeated here except for distribution paragraphs about species for which distributional data were changed (extended or reduced), and type data for taxa with a newly designated lectotype or neotype. Previous records from the former Yugoslavia were associated (where possible) with contemporary countries established on this territory unless the precise locality is unknown, in which case the record is treated as “former Yugoslavia” (as recognised before 1990) in the distribution paragraph. Acronyms used in the catalog 1. Acronyms of museums and collections AMNH American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, USA; BAUC Entomological Museum of China Agricultural University, Beijing, China [= formerly Beijing Agricultural University Collection]; BMNH The Natural History Museum [= formerly British Museum (Natural History)], London, England, U.K.; Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 51(1), 2011 219 CMNH Carnegie Museum of Natural History, Pittburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; CNCI Canadian National Collection of Insects, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; DEBU Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; HNHM Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary; IESC Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Instituto de Entomología ‘Profesor José Herrera González’, Santiago, Chile; INBC Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica; IZAV Instituto de Zoologia Agricola, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Maracay, Venezuela; MNNC Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago, Chile; MSNM Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milano, Italy; MUSM Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru; NHMW Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria; NHRS Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden; NIID National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan [= formerly ENIH - Reference Museum, National Institute of Health, Tokyo]; NZAC New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Auckland, New Zealand; QCAZ Departamento de Biología, Pontífi ca Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador; ROME Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; SACS Shenyang University, Shenyang, China; SMJM University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia; SMOC Slezské zemské muzeum Opava, Opava, Czech Republic; SMTD Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde, Dresden, Germany; UNSP Museu de Zoologia, University of São Paulo, Brazil; USNM National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA; ZMUC Universitets Zoologiske Museet, København, Denmark. 2. Abbreviations for states of the continental USA AL Alabama LA Louisiana OH Ohio AK Alaska MA Massachusetts OK Oklahoma AR Arkansas MD Maryland OR Oregon AZ Arizona ME Maine PA Pennsylvania CA California MI Michigan RI Rhode Island CO Colorado MN Minnesota SC South Carolina CT Connecticut MO Missouri SD South Dakota DC District of Columbia MS Mississippi TN Tennessee DE Delaware MT Montana UT Utah FL Florida NC North Carolina VA Virginia GA Georgia ND North Dakota VT Vermont IA Iowa NE Nebraska WA Washington ID Idaho NH New Hampshire WI Wisconsin IL Illinois NJ New Jersey WV West Virginia IN Indiana NM New Mexico WY Wyoming KS Kansas NV Nevada KY Kentucky NY New York 3. Abbreviations for provinces and territories of Canada AB Alberta NF Newfoundland PE Prince Edward Island BC British Columbia NS Nova Scotia QC Quebec LB Labrador NT Northwest Territories SK Saskatchewan MB Manitoba NU Nunavut YK Yukon NB New Brunswick ON Ontario 220 MARSHALL et al.: Sphaeroceridae – a world catalog update (2000–2010) 4. Abbreviations for states of Mexico AGC Aguascalientes GUE Guerrero QRE Querétaro BCN Baja California Norte HID Hidalgo SIN Sinaloa BCS Baja California Sur JAL Jalisco SLP San Luis Potosí CAM Campeche MEX México SON Sonora CHI Chiapas MIC Michoacán TAB Tabasco CHU Chihuahua MOR Morelos TAM Tamaulipas COA Coahuila NAY Nayarit TLA Tlaxcala COL Colima NUL Nuevo León VRC Veracruz DF Distrito Federal OXA Oaxaca YUC Yucatán DUR Durango PUE Puebla ZAC Zacatecas GUA Guanajuato QNR Quintana Roo 5. Abbreviations for states and territories of Australia ACT Australian Capital Terri- NT Northern Territory VIC Victoria tory QLD Queensland WA Western Australia NSW New South Wales TAS Tasmania 6. Abbreviations for territories of Russia CET Central European Territo- FE Far East WS West Siberia ry NET North European Territory ES East Siberia SET South European Territory 7. Abbreviations for provinces, autonomous regions and territories of China ANH Anhui HEN Henan QIN Qinghai BEI Beijing HKG Hong Kong SDO Shandong CHO Chongqing HUB Hubei SGH Shanghai FUJ Fujian HUN Hunan SIC Sichuan GAN Gansu JIL Jilin SNX Shaanxi GDO Guangdong JSU Jiangsu SXI Shanxi GUI Guizhou JXI Jiangxi TIA Tianjin GXI Guangxi LIA Liaoning TIB Xizang (Tibet) HAI Hainan MON Nei Mongol (Inner Mon- XIN Xinjiang HEB Hebei golia) YUN Yunnan HEI Heilongjiang NIN Ningxia ZHE Zhejiang Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 51(1), 2011 221 Figs. 1–8. Copromyzinae: 1 – Archiborborus
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