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Tangled! Congolese Provincial Elites in a Web of Patronage
Researching livelihoods and services affected by conflict Tangled! Congolese provincial elites in a web of patronage Working paper 64 Lisa Jené and Pierre Englebert January 2019 Written by Lisa Jené and Pierre Englebert SLRC publications present information, analysis and key policy recommendations on issues relating to livelihoods, basic services and social protection in conflict-affected situations. This and other SLRC publications are available from www.securelivelihoods.org. Funded by UK aid from the UK Government, Irish Aid and the EC. Disclaimer: The views presented in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the UK Government’s official policies or represent the views of Irish Aid, the EC, SLRC or our partners. ©SLRC 2018. Readers are encouraged to quote or reproduce material from SLRC for their own publications. As copyright holder SLRC requests due acknowledgement. Secure Livelihoods Research Consortium Overseas Development Institute (ODI) 203 Blackfriars Road London SE1 8NJ United Kingdom T +44 (0)20 3817 0031 F +44 (0)20 7922 0399 E [email protected] www.securelivelihoods.org @SLRCtweet Cover photo: Provincial Assembly, Lualaba. Lisa Jené, 2018 (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0). B About us The Secure Livelihoods Research Consortium (SLRC) is a global research programme exploring basic services, livelihoods and social protection in fragile and conflict-affected situations. Funded by UK Aid from the UK Government’s Department for International Development (DFID), with complementary funding from Irish Aid and the European Commission (EC), SLRC was established in 2011 with the aim of strengthening the evidence base and informing policy and practice around livelihoods and services in conflict. -
Democratic Republic of Congo Constitution
THE CONSTITUTION OF THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO, 2005 [1] Table of Contents PREAMBLE TITLE I GENERAL PROVISIONS Chapter 1 The State and Sovereignty Chapter 2 Nationality TITLE II HUMAN RIGHTS, FUNDAMENTAL LIBERTIES AND THE DUTIES OF THE CITIZEN AND THE STATE Chapter 1 Civil and Political Rights Chapter 2 Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Chapter 3 Collective Rights Chapter 4 The Duties of the Citizen TITLE III THE ORGANIZATION AND THE EXERCISE OF POWER Chapter 1 The Institutions of the Republic TITLE IV THE PROVINCES Chapter 1 The Provincial Institutions Chapter 2 The Distribution of Competences Between the Central Authority and the Provinces Chapter 3 Customary Authority TITLE V THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL TITLE VI DEMOCRACY-SUPPORTING INSTITUTIONS Chapter 1 The Independent National Electoral Commission Chapter 2 The High Council for Audiovisual Media and Communication TITLE VII INTERNATIONAL TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS TITLE VIII THE REVISION OF THE CONSTITUTION TITLE IX TRANSITORY AND FINAL PROVISIONS PREAMBLE We, the Congolese People, United by destiny and history around the noble ideas of liberty, fraternity, solidarity, justice, peace and work; Driven by our common will to build in the heart of Africa a State under the rule of law and a powerful and prosperous Nation based on a real political, economic, social and cultural democracy; Considering that injustice and its corollaries, impunity, nepotism, regionalism, tribalism, clan rule and patronage are, due to their manifold vices, at the origin of the general decline -
WEEKLY BULLETIN on OUTBREAKS and OTHER EMERGENCIES Week 28: 6 - 12 July 2020 Data As Reported By: 17:00; 12 July 2020
WEEKLY BULLETIN ON OUTBREAKS AND OTHER EMERGENCIES Week 28: 6 - 12 July 2020 Data as reported by: 17:00; 12 July 2020 REGIONAL OFFICE FOR Africa WHO Health Emergencies Programme 0 110 100 10 New event Ongoing events Outbreaks Humanitarian crises 19 195 1 011 Algeria 64 3 1 0 657 0 5 275 147 Gambia 7 0 880 75 1 099 68 Mauritania 50 0 2 411 121 Senegal 304 1 232 0Eritrea 8 135 148 Niger 8 397 39 Mali 1 698 19 Burkina Faso 82 1 0 10 7 0 Cabo Verdé Guinea 1 033 53 53 0 Chad 7 766 128 5 644 14 4 1 32 558 740 29 0 Nigeria 6 141 37Côte d’Ivoire South Sudan 1 873 895 15 4 288 53 337 2 32 0 Guinea-Bissau Ghana 1 054 232 15 173 359 11 427 176 720 15 1 150 0 2 0 19 0 Central African 27 0 Liberia 12 766 84 22 0 2 148 41 Benin Cameroon Republic 916 2 Ethiopia 1 842 63 24 518 139 420 14 Sierra léone Togo 21 219 83 1 175 11 Uganda 980 45 Democratic Republic 40 18 694 3 1 378 26 421 2 10 105 185 17 0 of Congo 1 635 62 1 1 Congo 1 025 0 Gabon 682 6 Kenya 49 20 685 13 Legend 1 010 51 9 0 202 10 37 0 5 942 46 65 004 919 Rwanda Measles Humanitarian crisis 1 337 4 2 103 47 11 773 169 Burundi 729 12 100 0 Hepatitis E Monkeypox 258 1 8 033 188 Seychelles Sao Tome 126 0 Yellow fever Tanzania 857 0 70 0 Lassa fever and Principe 509 21 34 7 Dengue fever Cholera 1 702 47 1 043 12 Angola Ebola virus disease Comoros cVDPV2 Equatorial 2 364 38 317 7 132 0 2 0 Chikungunya Guinea 696 0 COVID-19 Malawi 506 26 Zambia Mozambique Guinea Worm 1 895 42 Anthrax Leishmaniasis Zimbabwe 2 625 21 Madagascar Malaria Namibia Floods Plague 319 1 Botswana 985 18 342 10 Cases Crimean-Congo -
Deforestation and Forest Degradation Activities in the DRC
E4838 V5 DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO MINISTRY FOR THE ENVIRONMENT, NATURE CONSERVATION AND TOURISM Public Disclosure Authorized STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT OF THE REDD+ PROCESS Public Disclosure Authorized BASELINE REPORT STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT OF THE REDD+ Public Disclosure Authorized PROCESS Public Disclosure Authorized October 2014 STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL ASSESSMENT OF THE REDD+ PROCESS in the DRC INDEX OF REPORTS Environmental Analysis Document Assessment of Risks and Challenges REDD+ National Strategy of the DRC Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment Report (SESA) Framework Document Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) O.P. 4.01, 4.04, 4.37 Policies and Sector Planning Documents Pest and Pesticide Cultural Heritage Indigenous Peoples Process Framework Management Management Planning Framework (FF) Resettlement Framework Framework (IPPF) O.P.4.12 Policy Framework (PPMF) (CHMF) O.P.4.10 (RPF) O.P.4.09 O.P 4.11 O.P. 4.12 Consultation Reports Survey Report Provincial Consultation Report National Consultation of June 2013 Report Reference and Analysis Documents REDD+ National Strategy Framework of the DRC Terms of Reference of the SESA October 2014 Strategic Environmental and Social Assessment SESA Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Introductory Note ........................................................................................................................................ 9 1. Preface ............................................................................................................................................ -
ACTIVE USG PROGRAMS for the DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC of the CONGO RESPONSE Last Updated 07/27/20
ACTIVE USG PROGRAMS FOR THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO RESPONSE Last Updated 07/27/20 BAS-UELE HAUT-UELE ITURI S O U T H S U D A N COUNTRYWIDE NORTH KIVU OCHA IMA World Health Samaritan’s Purse AIRD Internews CARE C.A.R. Samaritan’s Purse Samaritan’s Purse IMA World Health IOM UNHAS CAMEROON DCA ACTED WFP INSO Medair FHI 360 UNICEF Samaritan’s Purse Mercy Corps IMA World Health NRC NORD-UBANGI IMC UNICEF Gbadolite Oxfam ACTED INSO NORD-UBANGI Samaritan’s WFP WFP Gemena BAS-UELE Internews HAUT-UELE Purse ICRC Buta SCF IOM SUD-UBANGI SUD-UBANGI UNHAS MONGALA Isiro Tearfund IRC WFP Lisala ACF Medair UNHCR MONGALA ITURI U Bunia Mercy Corps Mercy Corps IMA World Health G A EQUATEUR Samaritan’s NRC EQUATEUR Kisangani N Purse WFP D WFPaa Oxfam Boende A REPUBLIC OF Mbandaka TSHOPO Samaritan’s ATLANTIC NORTH GABON THE CONGO TSHUAPA Purse TSHOPO KIVU Lake OCEAN Tearfund IMA World Health Goma Victoria Inongo WHH Samaritan’s Purse RWANDA Mercy Corps BURUNDI Samaritan’s Purse MAI-NDOMBE Kindu Bukavu Samaritan’s Purse PROGRAM KEY KINSHASA SOUTH MANIEMA SANKURU MANIEMA KIVU WFP USAID/BHA Non-Food Assistance* WFP ACTED USAID/BHA Food Assistance** SA ! A IMA World Health TA N Z A N I A Kinshasa SH State/PRM KIN KASAÏ Lusambo KWILU Oxfam Kenge TANGANYIKA Agriculture and Food Security KONGO CENTRAL Kananga ACTED CRS Cash Transfers For Food Matadi LOMAMI Kalemie KASAÏ- Kabinda WFP Concern Economic Recovery and Market Tshikapa ORIENTAL Systems KWANGO Mbuji T IMA World Health KWANGO Mayi TANGANYIKA a KASAÏ- n Food Vouchers g WFP a n IMC CENTRAL y i k -
UNJHRO) MONUSCO – OHCHR March 2021 REPORTED HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS in DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC of the CONGO (DRC)
Protection of civilians: Human rights violations documented in provinces affected by conflict United Nations Joint Human Rights Office in the DRC (UNJHRO) MONUSCO – OHCHR March 2021 REPORTED HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS IN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO (DRC) Figure 1. Percentage of violations per territory Figure 2. Number of violations per province in DRC SOUTH CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC SUDAN North Kivu Tanganyika Bas-Uele Haut-Uele Masisi 79% 21 Kalemie 36% 65 North-Ubangi Beni 64 36 Manono0 100 2 UGANDA CAMEROON South-Ubangi Rutshuru 69 31 Moba0 100 Ituri Mongala Lubero 29 71 77 Nyiragongo 86 14 Maniema Tshopo Walikale 90 10 Kabambare 63% 395 CONGO Equateur North Butembo0 100 Kasongo0 100 Kivu Kibombo0 100 GABON Tshuapa 359 South Kivu RWANDA Kasai Shabunda 82% 18 Mai-Ndombe Kamonia (Kas.)0 100% Kinshasa Uvira 33 67 5 BURUNDI Llebo (Kas.)0 100 Sankuru 15 63 Fizi 33 67 Kasai South Tshikapa (Kas.)0 100 Maniema Kivu Kabare 100 0 Luebo (Kas.)0 100 Kwilu 23 TANZANIA Walungu 29 71 Kananga (Kas. C)0 100 Lomami Bukavu0 100 22 4 Demba (Kas. C)0 100 Kongo 46 Mwenga 67 33 Central Luiza (Kas. C)0 100 Kwango Tanganyika Kalehe0 100 Kasai Dimbelenge (Kas. C)0 100 Central Haut-Lomami Ituri Miabi (Kas. O)0 100 Kasai 0 100 ANGOLA Oriental Irumu 88% 12 Mbuji-Mayi (Kas. O) Haut- Djugu 64 36 Lualaba Bas-Uele Katanga Mambasa 30 70 Buta0 100% Mahagi 100 0 % by armed groups % by State agents The boundaries and names shown and designations ZAMBIA used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. -
Download File
UNICEF DRC | COVID-19 Situation Report COVID-19 Situation Report #9 29 May-10 June 2020 /Desjardins COVID-19 overview Highlights (as of 10 June 2020) 25702 • 4.4 million children have access to distance learning UNI3 confirmed thanks to partnerships with 268 radio stations and 20 TV 4,480 cases channels © UNICEF/ UNICEF’s response deaths • More than 19 million people reached with key messages 96 on how to prevent COVID-19 people 565 recovered • 29,870 calls managed by the COVID-19 Hotline • 4,338 people (including 811 children) affected by COVID-19 cases under 388 investigation and 837 frontline workers provided with psychosocial support • More than 200,000 community masks distributed 2.3% Fatality Rate 392 new samples tested UNICEF’s COVID-19 Response Kinshasa recorded 88.8% (3,980) of all confirmed cases. Other affected provinces including # of cases are: # of people reached on COVID-19 through North Kivu (35) South Kivu (89) messaging on prevention and access to 48% Ituri (2) Kongo Central (221) Haut RCCE* services Katanga (38) Kwilu (2) Kwango (1) # of people reached with critical WASH Haut Lomami (1) Tshopo (1) supplies (including hygiene items) and services 78% IPC** Equateur (1) # of children who are victims of violence, including GBV, abuse, neglect or living outside 88% DRC COVID-19 Response PSS*** of a family setting that are identified and… Funding Status # of children and women receiving essential healthcare services in UNICEF supported 34% Health facilities Funds # of caregivers of children (0-23 months) available* DRC COVID-19 reached with messages on breadstfeeding in 15% 30% Funding the context of COVID-19 requirements* : Nutrition $ 58,036,209 # of children supported with distance/home- 29% based learning Funding Education Gap 70% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% *Funds available include 9 million USD * Risk Communication and Community Engagement UNICEF regular ressources allocated by ** Infection Prevention and Control the office for first response needs. -
Cultural and Socioeconomic Aspects of Oil Palm in Tshopo and Mongala, DR Congo Alphonse Maindo, Bily Bolakonga, Corneille E.N
3.2 Cultural and socioeconomic aspects of oil palm in Tshopo and Mongala, DR Congo Alphonse Maindo, Bily Bolakonga, Corneille E.N. Ewango and Nicaise Amundala Maintainance of oil palms. Photo: Tropenbos DR Congo Introduction Oil palm in DR Congo, after decades of being abandoned, is now seeing new investments in the provinces of Tshopo and Mongala. There, small-scale plantations of oil palm and wild trees have pro- vided opportunities to improving local livelihoods. Oil palms also play major social-cultural roles in the region, through their part in “I planted oil palm family life, marriage and festivities. Besides the use of palm oil, the to prepare for my trees and land around them provide families and communities with multiple other products. These include palm wine, edible bee- retirement. Now I live tle larvae, vegetables from intercropping, craft items woven from decently, earning palm fronds, and home-produced secondary products from palm money while my rice and oil, including soap, body lotion and food for livestock and poultry. cassava are growing.” In addition, the manufacture and sale of palm oil products signif- icantly improves women’s control of household income. Although new investments may bring interesting opportunities for multiple Alphonse Maindo is Director, Tropenbos DR Congo, Kisangani, DR Congo; Bily Bolakonga works at Mariste University of Congo and IFA-Yangambi DR Congo; Corneille E.N. Ewango and Nicaise Amundala work at University of Kisangani, DR Congo. 96 — 3.2 Cultural and socioeconomic aspects of oil palm in Tshopo and Mongala, DR Congo — stakeholders, including smallholders, there are also signs that this development is leading to land grabbling and human rights abuses. -
FINAL-Fact-Sheet-Infographic-19-Oct-2017 English Version.Ai
Democratic Republic of Congo: Internally Displaced Persons and Returnees (as of 30 September 2017) As of 30 September 2017, the Monthly trend of displacement in last 18 months Displacement in year 2017 Democratic Republic of Congo 432k Displaced Returnees 3rd Quarter recorded 3.9 million displaced persons 388k persons, including more than 2017 1.5M 1M 400,000 newly displaced ones in the prior three months. With over 1 million displaced persons, North Kivu remains April Sept. Demographics the most affected province. Recent months have 2016 2017 also seen large return movements, notably in 0 Tanganyika province, where authorities have 714k decided to vacate displacement sites in the city Displacement distribution by province 774k of Kalemie. In provinces affected by the Kasai 27k 29k crisis, as well, some 631,000 internally displaced CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC REPUBLIC OF persons have returned home, often to burnt or SOUTH SUDAN 263k 285k pillaged villages. Overall, armed attacks and CAMEROON clashes remain the main cause of displacement. North-Ubangi Bas-Uele 2 424k 460k Haut-Uele South-Ubangi Mongala 3.9M 45 Displacement in the last 3 months current number of Ituri 325 forcibly displaced DrDraff UGANDA 42 IDPs in the affected areas Equateur 24 REPUBLIC OF Tshopo CONGO GABON 428k 213k Demographics Tshuapa 1 024 267 North Kivu RWANDA Causes Nature of accomodation 48% 4.5% 52% Maï-Ndombe men >59 years women 71k 77k BURUNDI (1.9M) (2M) 21 % 254 45 545 104 55 Maniema South Kivu Clashes Kinshasa Sankuru and % % % 13 35 45 armed sites 30 Inter- -
Democratic Republic of Congo
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO 350 Fifth Ave 34 th Floor New York, N.Y. 10118-3299 http://www.hrw.org (212) 290-4700 Vol. 15, No. 11 (A) - July 2003 I hid in the mountains and went back down to Songolo at about 3:00 p.m. I saw many people killed and even saw traces of blood where people had been dragged. I counted 82 bodies most of whom had been killed by bullets. We did a survey and found that 787 people were missing – we presumed they were all dead though we don’t know. Some of the bodies were in the road, others in the forest. Three people were even killed by mines. Those who attacked knew the town and posted themselves on the footpaths to kill people as they were fleeing. -- Testimony to Human Rights Watch ITURI: “COVERED IN BLOOD” Ethnically Targeted Violence In Northeastern DR Congo 1630 Connecticut Ave, N.W., Suite 500 2nd Floor, 2-12 Pentonville Road 15 Rue Van Campenhout Washington, DC 20009 London N1 9HF, UK 1000 Brussels, Belgium TEL (202) 612-4321 TEL: (44 20) 7713 1995 TEL (32 2) 732-2009 FAX (202) 612-4333 FAX: (44 20) 7713 1800 FAX (32 2) 732-0471 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] “You cannot escape from the horror” This story of fifteen-year-old Elise is one of many in Ituri. She fled one attack after another and witnessed appalling atrocities. Walking for more than 300 miles in her search for safety, Elise survived to tell her tale; many others have not. -
Province Du Maindombe
RÉPUBLIQUE DÉMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO - Province du Maindombe - Carte de Référence NIGE RIA Ubangui Lomela CENT RAL SO UTH S UDA N Lotumbe AF RICA N Territoire Elanga REP UB LIC CAM E ROON Nord -Uba ngi de Bomongo Ba s-Uele Haut- Uele Botende Su d-Ub ang i Lokolia ± Mon gala EQ UATORIA L Itur i Bolaka GUINE A Tshop o UGA NDA Eq uate ur Bokatola Boyera GA BO N CONGO Tshua pa Irebu Nord -Kivu RWA NDA Mai- Ndom be Territoire BURUNDI Sa nkur u Man iema Gombe Boloka Su d-Kivu Imbonga de Boende Kin shasa Kwilu Ka sai Ko ngo Centr al UNITE D REP UB LIC OF Lac Ntomb a Bikoro Kasa Ka sai Lom ami Orien tal Tang anyika TA NZ ANIA Kwa ngo Ka sai Bohoke Boende Centr al Lusako Haut- Lom am i Bowele Luala ba Territoire Itipo Losofi Bombesangi Djom bawuli Territoire Haut- Ka tan ga de Bikoro ANG OLA de Ingende Bongili Batua Pembe Watsi Bunga Boyolo ZA MB IA Bolieko Tweya Bopita Lomunu Salonga Gunda MOZ A MB IQ UE Lokakao Monio Penzele Bongili EQUATEUR Loponde Lukanga Botike Bokenge Djaledjom bo Bokenge Sungu Lis obe Lukolela Liese Djaleompendjele Ikongo-Moke Mompoto Ikongo Ebitale Yosenge Ikongo Batwa Mbuye Pum eniama Pendjwa Koko Bonkende Botuali Bakamba Bosano Longo Ebekoli Mbeye Bosobe Ikoyo Mongero Weti Penge Isake Yembe Bobala Besiro Ekuna Nkos o Bololo Itikala Nseti Wenga Boota Mbolo TSHUAPA Tito Mpese Bebongo Bulaki Lofoloko Mbuse Mputu Botola Nsalele Ilinga Ifumba CONGO Kangala Nkutu Momboyo Bekungu Mpasa Towe Bam bi-Gangi Ibeke-Bolia Busepoka Ew ungu Salonga Bobala Nsaw Bem bo Wafania Mbala Pangi Mbengolo National park Koli Ibeke-Bolia Ibeke Wese -
A Turning Point for Manual Drilling in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Rural Water Supply Network Publication 2020-2 C H Kane & Dr K Danert 2020 A Turning Point for Manual Drilling in the Democratic Republic of Congo Publication 2020-2 Dedication Summary The authors dedicate this publication to Gambo Nayou This publication provides a source of inspiration from a country that (1963 to 2016). tends to otherwise be associated with humanitarian crisis, persistent con- flicts, recurrent civil wars and a generally obsolete road infrastructure. It describes over a decade of pioneering efforts by UNICEF, the Gov- ernment of the Democratic Republic of Congo and partners to intro- duce and professionalise manual drilling. This professionalisation pro- gramme is very important as it is estimated that only 43% of the pop- ulation have access to a basic drinking water service (JMP, 2019). In addition, the majority of the DRC is favourable to manual drilling (42% classified with very high or high potential, and 24% as moderate). The most favourable area for manual drilling is in the western part of Gambo was a man of vision, a person who looked into the future and the country, which has a soft geological layer of considerable extent saw things that many could not even imagine. He passionately and thickness. shared what he knew with others. Over a ten-year period, manual drilling, using the rota-jetting tech- Following his experiences of manual drilling in Niger and Chad, nique, has gone from a little-known technology in the DRC to an ef- Gambo reached out to the Association of Manual Drillers from Chad fective technology that has enabled about 650,000 people to be pro- (Tchadienne pour la Promotion des Entreprises Spécialisées en For- vided with a water service.