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Foreign Military Studies Office community.apan.org/wg/tradoc-g2/fmso/ Foreign Military Studies Office Volume 9 Issue #8 OEWATCH August 2019 FOREIGN NEWS & PERSPECTIVES OF THE OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT EURASIA INDO-PACIFIC 46 Turkish Commentary on China’s Vision for a Counterbalancing 3 Shoygu on the Changing Character of War 23 Growing Sino-Russia Ties: How Real Are They? Alliance to NATO 5 Maneuverable Defense and Initiative at the Tactical Level 25 The Chinese Communist Party as it Approaches its Centen- 47 Turkey and China Envision a New World Order in Russian Military Training nial 49 Turkey’s Ballistic Missile Capabilities 6 Aerospace Forces to Form Mobile Reserve Regiments for 26 China’s Focus on Upgrading its Civil Air Defense 50 Turkish Involvement in Libya Air Defense 27 Civil Air Defense Exercises Held in Western China 51 Radiation Defense Exercises Scheduled for Tehran 7 Syrian Combat Experience in the Aerospace Forces 28 PLA Tests Armed Helicopter/UAV Integration 52 Iran: Optoelectronic Military Developments 8 T-72B3 Tank Maintenance Personnel to be Trained by 30 PLA Ground Forces Train Campaign Staff Officers for 53 Iran’s C-802 Joint Venture with China Uralvagonzavod Realistic Combat 54 China’s Interest in Israeli Tech and Ports 9 “Real Men” and Military Service 31 High Satellite Launch Tempo Keeps China’s Space-Tracking 10 Closing Draft Loopholes in Belarus Fleet Busy AFRICA 11 Russia’s Military Operation In Kosovo: A Defining Moment 32 India’s Defense Budget 55 Ethiopia’s Reform Movement Threatened by Ethnic 12 For Those in Peril Under the Sea 33 The Changing Role of the JF-17 in Pakistan Nationalism 13 Murmansk May Finally Overhaul Russia’s Aircraft Carrier 34 Malaysia Breaks Up Another Terrorist Cell 56 Liberia: Corruption and Economic Hardship Fuel Anger 14 Pushing the LNG East 35 Indonesia Breaks Up Al-Qaeda-Loyal Jemaa Islamiyah Cell 57 Some Commentators Ask: Is It Time to Negotiate with al- 15 Snorkeling Tanks and Scuba-Diving Tankers 36 Papuans Reignite Pro-Independence Protests in Indonesia Shabaab? 16 Russia’s Balancing Act in the Caucasus 37 Australia’s Concerns about China’s Expansion in Antarctica 58 Cape Verde, Narco-State? 17 Kazakhstan’s Defense Industry at “Army 2019” 38 Regional Concerns about Chinese Military Capabilities in 59 Russia Signs Military Cooperation Agreement with Mali 18 Georgia’s Lingering Border Security Issues Antarctica 60 Egypt Ventures into Sub-Saharan Conflicts 19 The Persistence and Implications of Entrenched Ties 61 Mozambique Downplays First ISIS Attacks between Russia and Slovakia MIDDLE EAST, NORTH AFRICA 62 New Governor Rewards Anti-Boko Haram Vigilantes 20 Latvia and the Baltic States Seek Closer Coordination on 39 5G Launches in the Arabian Peninsula 63 Article Details Life under Terrorism in Burkina Faso Relations with China 40 Egypt Seeks “Intelligent” Solution to its Clogged Roads 21 Russian Analysis of China’s Military 41 Crop-Torching in Syria and Iraq LATIN AMERICA 22 Chinese Regions to Begin Working Directly with Russian 42 Views from the Frontline: ISIS Still Poses a Danger 64 Ecuador, China, Corruption and Oil Ones 43 Russian Electronic Warfare in the Middle East 65 Dire Conditions at Venezuelan Hydroelectric Plant 44 Turkish Observers See Connection between Failed Coup 66 Battleground Colombia: “FARC 2.0” and S-400 Purchase 67 Mexican Cartels Producing their Own Cocaine approved for public release; distribution is unlimited The Foreign Military Studies Office (FMSO) at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, is part of the US Army Training and Doctrine Command G-2, whose mission OEWATCH is to Understand, Describe, Deliver, and Assess the conditions of the Operational Foreign News & Perspectives Environment. For over 30 years, FMSO of the Operational Environment has conducted open source research Volume 9 | Issue 8 August | 2019 on foreign perspectives of defense and security issues, emphasizing those topics that are understudied or unconsidered. Regional Analysts and Expert Contributors Operational Environment Watch provides translated selections with Eurasia Chuck Bartles background from a diverse range Dodge Billingsley Ray Finch of foreign media that our analysts Paul Goble and expert contributors believe will Les Grau give security professionals an added Greg Sarafian dimension to their critical thinking Matthew Stein Otto Tabuns about the Operational Environment. Tom Wilhelm Indo-Pacific Brenda Fiegel The views expressed in each article are those of Cindy Hurst the author and do not represent the official policy or Matthew Stein position of the Department of the Army, Department Peter Wood of Defense, or the US Government. Release of this Jacob Zenn information does not imply any commitment or intent on the part of the US Government to provide any Middle East, North Africa Ihsan Gündüz additional information on any topic presented herein. Karen Kaya The appearance of hyperlinks does not constitute Michael Rubin endorsement by the US Army of the referenced site Lucas Winter or the information, products, or services contained Robert Feldman therein. Users should exercise caution in accessing Africa Jacob Zenn hyperlinks. The Operational Environment Watch is archived Latin America Geoff Demarest and available at: https://community.apan.org/wg/ Brenda Fiegel tradoc-g2/fmso/. Editor-in-Chief Tom Wilhelm Editor Karen Kaya ON THE COVER: 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China Design Editor Thomas Tolare Source: Dong Fang via Wikimedia, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:18th_ National_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_China.jpg, Public Domain. EURASIA Shoygu on the Changing Character of War OE Watch Commentary: The two accompanying excerpted articles from Moskovsky Komsomolets and Rossiyskaya Gazeta discuss Russian Defense Minister Sergey Shoygu’s views on the changing character of warfare. The passages feature insights gleaned from Shoygu’s remarks at the opening speech of the “Army-2019” International Military-Technical Forum, a scientific-practical conference with the Russian Federation Armed Forces’ leadership. The first passage from Moskovsky Komsomolets discusses General Shoygu’s comments that the West is increasingly using information warfare to contain Russia. First Deputy Defense Minister Ruslan Tsalikov expands on this view by stating that “the risks of confrontation using military methods have receded [with the West, because] …they [the West] were unable to do anything with us in a military confrontation… but confrontation using non-military methods has not ceased even for a second. This is the expansion with regard to language, faith, culture, and history.” The passage from Rossiyskaya Gazeta discusses Shoygu’s views on the importance of developing new approaches to armed conflict due to rapidly developing science and technology and the increasing pace of combat operations. “The armed conflict experience of recent decades shows that the character of warfare is undergoing significant changes. This is associated with the rapid development of science and technology, and also the emergence of new weapons, which impact forms and methods of troops’ operations. Methods of employing troops and their operations must evolve along with the arrival of high-tech weaponry and combat equipment…” Of particular interest, Shoygu mentions specific capabilities of Russia’s Strelets system, noting that the “Strelets command- reconnaissance strike system makes it possible to destroy targets practically on a real time basis -- 8-12 minutes after Official Portrait of Sergey Shoygu. detecting them…” End OE Watch Commentary (Bartles) Source: Mil.ru via Wikimedia, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Sergey_Shoigu.jpg, CC BY 4.0 “New-generation conflicts are a combination of classic and asymmetric combat conduct strategies. Combat operations in these are fast moving, and there is simply no time for correcting mistakes.” “The Strelets command-reconnaissance strike system makes it possible to destroy targets practically on a real time basis -- 8-12 minutes after detecting them…” OE Watch | August 2019 3 EURASIA Continued: Shoygu on the Changing Character of War Source: Sergey Valchenko, “Минобороны начинает наступление на информационном фронте (The Ministry of Defense Is Beginning an Offensive on the Information Front),”Moskovsky Komsomolets Online, 28 June 2019. https://www.mk.ru/politics/2019/06/26/shoygu-za-snos- zarubezhnykh-pamyatnikov-nashim-voinam-dolzhno-byt-nakazanie.html The participants of the conference, which occurred within the “Army-2019” International Military-Technical Forum, discussed the pressing issues of information countermeasures. Having opened the conference, Defense Minister Sergey Shoygu pointed out that the West is increasingly using information warfare systems in the policy of containing Russia. And the Russian military department does not intend to sit back on its heels but is prepared to transition to offense on this information front. Sergey Shoygu explained how Russia has displeased the West. In his words, our country has actually returned to itself the status of the second pole, which maintains the world in the global equilibrium that was lost after the disintegration of the USSR. “With what has this entire death throe of the West been associated?” – the Defense Minister posed the question and immediately answered it: “With the birth of the second pole of the world order. Which they would allegedly lay low, everything already – they made a monument, they prepared a small fence and wreaths… And here they have suddenly once again resolved
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