Shrager AP Summer Assignment Welcome to Psychology at Hopewell Valley Central High School in 2021- 2022, the inaugural offering of this course! You are brave and intrepid learners indeed! You will have the opportunity to find out what makes people tick and perhaps have a better understanding of yourself as well. During the 2021-2022 school year we will be exploring the world of psychology, improving our research/writing skills and preparing for the AP Examination in the spring. Successful completion of this course will yield a greater understanding of psychology, yourself, and the world around you. It is also the goal to prepare you for the content, format, and rigor of a college level course and examination. In truth, I never liked summer assignments. I believe summer should be a time to re-charge and relax. However, in the world of AP classes, we have to face a very stark reality: we start school much later than most of the country, yet we all take AP exams on the same day. Simply, we have less time to learn the material and prepare for the exam than most of the nation. Summer assignments are essential in an AP course so we can hit the ground running in September. This Summer assignment is due to Mr. Shrager in class on the first day of school. As you work, if you have any questions, trouble with links, or just want to “talk psychology” feel free to email [email protected].

Summer Scavenger Hunt: Getting to Know Psychology Directions: Complete the following questions as an introduction to psychology. Use the suggested websites to answer the questions – but you may use others – especially if a link is broken or expired (it happens!). Some of the questions will ask you to attach an article or a picture. When doing this, label each and attach in the order they are asked for in the scavenger hunt. You may use other sources to answer questions, especially if you are not finding what you are being asked for. ALL RESPONSES ARE TO BE HANDWRITTEN OR TYPED ON SEPARATE PAPER!! Although there are over 40 questions to answer, most can be answered in a couple of words. Please consider completing this assignment in a few sittings, so you get the most out of it. YOU MAY WORK ON THIS ASSIGNMENT WITH OTHERS IN THE CLASS BUT YOU MUST SUBMIT YOUR OWN WORK AND ALSO WRITE “I WORKED WITH XXXX” ON THE TOP OF YOUR ASSIGNMENT.

AP Psychology covers roughly ten topics of study. The first two (Biological Basis of Behavior and Research Methods) could have been lifted from AP Biology and AP Statistics. What you probably think of as “learning psychology” begins with the third topic. This scavenger hunt will give you a little taste of all ten topics.

I. Biological Basis of Behavior. Here we will learn about the functions of the brain and brain chemistry. This topic emphasizes the relationship between biology and behavior. Here we will examine how the nervous system, endocrine system, and the brain affect behavior and decision making. Go here: https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-an-action-potential-2794811 (Once at this website, you will need to scroll down to the section of vocabulary terms.) 1- What are neurons? 2- How does an “action potential” happen? Go Here: https://sciencing.com/differences-between-cns-pns-8223236.html 3- What is the function of the peripheral nervous system? 4- What is the function of the central nervous system? Go here: https://www.emedicinehealth.com/anatomy_of_the_endocrine_system/article_em.htm 5- What are some things regulated by the endocrine system? 6- Which 3 important endocrine system glands are located in the brain? 7- Describe the adrenal glands. What functions do they serve? Go here: http://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?PG=fmribrain 8- What does “MRI” stand for? 9- What are MRIs of the brain used for? Go here: http://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?PG=pet 10- What does “PET” stand for? 11- How does a PET scan detect activity in the brain? 12- Search the internet for a diagram of “Brain Structures and their functions” a. Print the diagram and attach it to your Summer Assignment. b. On the back of the diagram, list and explain 3 parts of the brain and their functions. Go here: https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/OHBDS/ 13- According to this test, are you right-brained or left-brained? Give 2 examples from your life supporting your results of the Right Brain vs. Left Brain test. 14- According to this website, is anyone truly right-brained or left-brained?

II. Research Methods/The Scientifics Method and Experimentation. Here we will learn about the how to collect unbiased data, and how to begin an analysis of that data. We will cover the basics of statistical analysis, while also considering ethical considerations of experimenting on human beings. Go here: https://youtu.be/yfRVCaA5o18. The Strange Powers of the Placebo Effect. 15- On the intersection of Route 31 and Pennington-Titusville Road, there is a crosswalk that you have probably crossed many times (on the corner as you walk from the high school to PQM or Uncle Ed’s). On the first day of school, Mr. Shrager is going to make the claim that the crosswalk button on that intersection (the one that you press then eventually the sign changes to WALK) is a placebo. Based on this 3-minute video, explain what I mean by this statement and what the placebo effect is in this scenario.

III. Sensation and This subfield involves processing the information gathered by your sensory organs into meaningful experiences and feelings by your nervous system & brain. Go Here: http://www.michaelbach.de/ot/mot_adapt/index.html 16- Define the Motion Aftereffect.

IV. States of Consciousness The focus in this field is on states of mind and how they are altered through experiences, sleep, and biology. Go Here: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/between-you-and-me/201307/your-sleep-cycle- revealed 17- Describe each stage you go through during one sleep cycle. 18- What is REM sleep? Why is REM sleep so important?

V. Learning. Psychologists study how learning changes behavior. Go Here: https://www.simplypsychology.org/pavlov.html 19- Describe Pavlov’s Dog experiment. 20- What type of conditioning was Pavlov using? Describe an example showing how someone could use this type of conditioning to alter human behavior. Go here: http://www.simplypsychology.org/operant-conditioning.html 21- What is operant conditioning? 22- On whose research was Skinner’s work based? Go here: https://www.123test.com/multiple-intelligences/ 23- Describe Gardner’s Multiple intelligences theory.

VI. . Information and research here will focus on memory, thinking, language and intelligence. Read this article: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/hide-and-seek/201806/the-psychology-and- philosophy-memory 24- Describe each the following using information from the article: a. Semantic memory b. Episodic memory c. Procedural Memory d. Prospective memory e. Déjà vu 25- Why are emotionally charged events more likely to be remembered? 26- How do smells trigger memories? 27- According to the article, there are 10 ways of improving memory. Describe 3 that you find most useful.

Read this article: https://davidmyers.org/articles/do-we-fear-the-right-things?pageID=65 28- Discuss one of your own fears that might seem illogical to others. 29- What are the influences on our intuitions about risk?

VII. and Here psychologists focus on the influences of , and the causes and impacts of human .

Go Here: http://allpsych.com/psychology101/emotion.html

30- What are the parts of the James-Lange theory? 31- Compare & contrast the Cannon-Bard and James-Lange theories of emotion. 32- Which of these two theories do you feel is most accurate? Explain why

VIII. . Focus on changes in behavior, emotion, cognition and perception throughout the life span.

33- As an introduction to some of the current issues of developmental psychology, read the following article: https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2011/08/what-facebook-does-kids- brains/353835/ Discuss the extent to which you agree with the author’s point of view. Overall, is Facebook more helpful or harmful to kids? Explain. Note the article is from 2011. You do not need to limit your answer to exclusively discuss Facebook (you may include other social networking sites that did not exist in 2011).

IX. Personality Focus is on our underlying patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving.

Go Here: https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/AB.php Take the Type A/B Personality Test

34- Describe your results. Do you think they are accurate? 35- If your friend claims to be “strongly type A,” what does that mean? Do you think that person would be your friend in real life? 36- If your friend claims to be “strongly type B,” what does that mean? Do you think that person would be your friend in real life?

X. Clinical Psychology: Focuses on the causes and definitions of mental disorders as well as appropriate ways to treat these conditions.

Go here: http://www.health.com/health/gallery/thumbnails/0,,20393228,00.html

37- Choose 3 of the “10 Things to Say (and 10 Not to Say) to Someone with Depression” and explain why you think sometimes people give the wrong advice in this area. 38- How can we help educate people on how to help friends and family that might be suffering from depression? 39- What is the primary function of the APA’s DSM-V? 40-. What is the difference between and “obsession” and a “compulsion” in the context of Obsessive Compulsive disorder? 41. What is the difference between a “hallucination” and a “delusion” in the context of schizophrenia?