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Deadly Hostility: Feud, Violence, and Power in Early Anglo-Saxon England
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Dissertations Graduate College 6-2017 Deadly Hostility: Feud, Violence, and Power in Early Anglo-Saxon England David DiTucci Western Michigan University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations Part of the European History Commons Recommended Citation DiTucci, David, "Deadly Hostility: Feud, Violence, and Power in Early Anglo-Saxon England" (2017). Dissertations. 3138. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/dissertations/3138 This Dissertation-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DEADLY HOSTILITY: FEUD, VIOLENCE, AND POWER IN EARLY ANGLO-SAXON ENGLAND by David DiTucci A dissertation submitted to the Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy History Western Michigan University June 2017 Doctoral Committee: Robert F. Berkhofer III, Ph.D., Chair Jana Schulman, Ph.D. James Palmitessa, Ph.D. E. Rozanne Elder, Ph.D. DEADLY HOSTILITY: FEUD, VIOLENCE, AND POWER IN EARLY ANGLO-SAXON ENGLAND David DiTucci, Ph.D. Western Michigan University, 2017 This dissertation examines the existence and political relevance of feud in Anglo-Saxon England from the fifth century migration to the opening of the Viking Age in 793. The central argument is that feud was a method that Anglo-Saxons used to understand and settle conflict, and that it was a tool kings used to enhance their power. The first part of this study examines the use of fæhð in Old English documents, including laws and Beowulf, to demonstrate that fæhð referred to feuds between parties marked by reciprocal acts of retaliation. -
'J.E. Lloyd and His Intellectual Legacy: the Roman Conquest and Its Consequences Reconsidered' : Emyr W. Williams
J.E. Lloyd and his intellectual legacy: the Roman conquest and its consequences reconsidered,1 by E.W. Williams In an earlier article,2 the adequacy of J.E.Lloyd’s analysis of the territories ascribed to the pre-Roman tribes of Wales was considered. It was concluded that his concept of pre- Roman tribal boundaries contained major flaws. A significantly different map of those tribal territories was then presented. Lloyd’s analysis of the course and consequences of the Roman conquest of Wales was also revisited. He viewed Wales as having been conquered but remaining largely as a militarised zone throughout the Roman period. From the 1920s, Lloyd's analysis was taken up and elaborated by Welsh archaeology, then at an early stage of its development. It led to Nash-Williams’s concept of Wales as ‘a great defensive quadrilateral’ centred on the legionary fortresses at Chester and Caerleon. During recent decades whilst Nash-Williams’s perspective has been abandoned by Welsh archaeology, it has been absorbed in an elaborated form into the narrative of Welsh history. As a consequence, whilst Welsh history still sustains a version of Lloyd’s original thesis, the archaeological community is moving in the opposite direction. Present day archaeology regards the subjugation of Wales as having been completed by 78 A.D., with the conquest laying the foundations for a subsequent process of assimilation of the native population into Roman society. By the middle of the 2nd century A.D., that development provided the basis for a major demilitarisation of Wales. My aim in this article is to cast further light on the course of the Roman conquest of Wales and the subsequent process of assimilating the native population into Roman civil society. -
"Ego, Scriptor Cantilenae": the Cantos and Ezra Pound
University of Northern Iowa UNI ScholarWorks Dissertations and Theses @ UNI Student Work 1991 "Ego, scriptor cantilenae": The Cantos and Ezra Pound Steven R. Gulick University of Northern Iowa Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy Copyright ©1991 Steven R. Gulick Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd Part of the Literature in English, North America Commons Recommended Citation Gulick, Steven R., ""Ego, scriptor cantilenae": The Cantos and Ezra Pound" (1991). Dissertations and Theses @ UNI. 753. https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd/753 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at UNI ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses @ UNI by an authorized administrator of UNI ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. "EGO, SCRIPTOR CANTILENAE": THE CANTOS AND EZRA POUND An Abstract of a Thesis Submitted in Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Philosophy Steven R. Gulick University of Northern Iowa August 1991 ABSTRACT Can poetry "make new" the world? Ezra Pound thought so. In "Cantico del Sole" he said: "The thought of what America would be like/ If the Classics had a wide circulation/ Troubles me in my sleep" (Personae 183). He came to write an 815 page poem called The Cantos in which he presents "fragments" drawn from the literature and documents of the past in an attempt to build a new world, "a paradiso terreste" (The Cantos 802). This may be seen as either a noble gesture or sheer egotism. Pound once called The Cantos the "tale of the tribe" (Guide to Kulchur 194), and I believe this is so, particularly if one associates this statement with Allen Ginsberg's concerning The Cantos as a model of a mind, "like all our minds" (Ginsberg 14-16). -
Problem 5.5 X 9Long
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-43543-7 - Barbarian Migrations and the Roman West, 376-568 Guy Halsall Index More information INDEX · Ad Salices, battle (377) 178 Amory, Patrick 18 Adovacrius, Saxon leader 271 Anthemius, emperor 272–3, 275–6, Adrianople, battle (378) 178–9 277–8 Aegidius, general 263, 266–7, 269 Antonine Constitution (212) 53, Æthelberht, King of Kent 317, 318 72, 98 laws of 464–5 Aquitanian Goths see Visigoths Ae¨tius, general 236–7, 237–40, 241–2, Arabs, Roman ideas about 52 244–5, 248–50, 252–3, 254–5, Arbogast 187–8 519, 520 Arborychoi 304, 305 Africa 5–6, 93–6, 219, 321–7, 514 Arcadius, emperor 188, 213 Africans, Roman ideas about 52–3 archaeology, and barbarians inside the Agila, king of the Visigoths 506 Empire 153–61, 198, 448 agri deserti 91, 434–5, 439 and ethnicity 466–8 Agrippinus, general 263 see also historiography Alamans 118, 138, 149, 151, 174–5, 241, Arianism, and ethnicity 469–70 263, 271, 304–5, 400, 511 aristocracy, in Merovingian Gaul, Alans 222, 227, 228, 248, 249, 253, 268, northern 353–5, 356–7 Alaric I, Gothic king 189–90, 191, 192, in Merovingian Gaul, southern 194–5, 200, 201–2, 209, 213, 214–17, 353, 356 titles of 202–6 in Ostrogothic Italy 331–2 Alaric II, king of the Visigoths 288, in post-imperial Britain, highland 297–8, 304 363–4 Alatheus 170, 176, 177 in post-imperial Britain, lowland Amalafrida, sister of Theoderic Amal 295 364–7 Amalaric, king of the Visigoths 294, in post-imperial Europe 368 298–9 late Roman 77, 78, 81, 92–3 Amalasuentha, daughter of Theoderic Amal involvement -
Towns in Anglo-Saxon England
From Dark Earth to Domesday: Towns in Anglo-Saxon England Author: David Crane Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:104070 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Boston College Electronic Thesis or Dissertation, 2014 Copyright is held by the author, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise noted. Boston College The Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Department of History FROM DARK EARTH TO DOMESDAY: TOWNS IN ANGLO-SAXON ENGLAND a dissertation by David D. Crane submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy May, 2014 © copyright by DAVID DANIEL CRANE 2014 Dissertation Abstract From Dark Earth to Domesday: Towns in Anglo-Saxon England David D. Crane Robin Fleming, Advisor 2014 The towns that the Norman invaders found in England in 1066 had far longer and far more complex histories than have often been conveyed in the historiography of the Anglo-Saxon period. This lack of depth is not surprising, however, as the study of the towns of Anglo-Saxon England has long been complicated by a dearth of textual sources and by the work of influential historians who have measured the urban status of Anglo-Saxon settlements using the attributes of late medieval towns as their gage. These factors have led to a schism amongst historian regarding when the first towns developed in Anglo-Saxon England and about which historical development marks the beginning of the continuous history of the English towns. This dissertation endeavors to apply new evidence and new methodologies to questions related to the development, status, and nature of Anglo-Saxon urban communities in order to provide a greater insight into their origins and their evolutionary trajectories. -
The Second Sea: Exchange Between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea in Late Antiquity R
PCA 5 copertina_yellow.qxp_Layout 2 28/04/15 08:59 Pagina 1 Volume 5 May 2015 european journalof ppostclassicalcarchaeologiesa RESEARCH - DISASTERS AND RESILIENCE C. Kostick, F. Ludlow The dating of volcanic events and their impact upon European society, 400-800 CE G.P. Brogiolo Flooding in Northern Italy during the Early Middle Ages: resilience and adaptation A. Volkmann Climate change, environment and migration: a GIS-based study of the Roman Iron Age to the Early Middle Ages in the river Oder region C. Arteaga-Cardineau Tsunamis and earthquakes in Spain during the Early Middle Ages T.P. Newfield Domesticates, disease and climate in early post-classical Europe, the cattle plague of c.940 and its environmental context in particular P.J. Brown Coasts of catastrophe? The incidence and impact of aeolian sand on British medieval coastal communities BEYOND THE THEME T. Lewit The Second Sea: exchange between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea in late antiquity R. Martorelli Cagliari bizantina: alcune riflessioni dai nuovi dati dell’archeologia M. Wolfram The necropolis of Torre de Palma (Monforte, Portugal) A. De Guio, M. Migliavacca, R. Deiana, G. Strapazzon Remote sensing e archeologia di un paesaggio marginale P. Diarte-Blasco, V. Beolchini, M. Zanfini, L. Peña-Chocarro Costruire l’immagine di una città medievale: edilizia abitativa e spazi del potere a Tusculum DOSSIER - OPEN ACCESS AND OPEN DATA IN ARCHAEOLOGY J.D. Richards, J. Winters Digging into Data: Open Access and Open Data F. Anichini, G. Gattiglia Verso la rivoluzione. Dall’Open Access all’Open Data: la pubblicazione aperta in archeologia RETROSPECT M. -
The Britons in Late Antiquity: Power, Identity And
THE BRITONS IN LATE ANTIQUITY: POWER, IDENTITY AND ETHNICITY EDWIN R. HUSTWIT Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Bangor University 2014 Summary This study focuses on the creation of both British ethnic or ‘national’ identity and Brittonic regional/dynastic identities in the Roman and early medieval periods. It is divided into two interrelated sections which deal with a broad range of textual and archaeological evidence. Its starting point is an examination of Roman views of the inhabitants of the island of Britain and how ethnographic images were created in order to define the population of Britain as 1 barbarians who required the civilising influence of imperial conquest. The discussion here seeks to elucidate, as far as possible, the extent to which the Britons were incorporated into the provincial framework and subsequently ordered and defined themselves as an imperial people. This first section culminates with discussion of Gildas’s De Excidio Britanniae. It seeks to illuminate how Gildas attempted to create a new identity for his contemporaries which, though to a certain extent based on the foundations of Roman-period Britishness, situated his gens uniquely amongst the peoples of late antique Europe as God’s familia. The second section of the thesis examines the creation of regional and dynastic identities and the emergence of kingship amongst the Britons in the late and immediately post-Roman periods. It is largely concerned to show how interaction with the Roman state played a key role in the creation of early kingships in northern and western Britain. The argument stresses that while there were claims of continuity in group identities in the late antique period, the socio-political units which emerged in the fifth and sixth centuries were new entities. -
The Form, Aspect, and Definition of Anglo-Saxon Identity a Study Of
The Form, Aspect, and Definition of Anglo-Saxon Identity A study of Medieval British words, deeds, and things by Christopher M. Roberts A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Approved November 2013 by the Graduate Supervisory Committee: Robert Bjork, Co-Chair Michelle Hegmon, Co-Chair Sander Van Der Leeuw Nancy Wicker ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY December 2013 ABSTRACT In this dissertation I argue that medieval peoples used a different style of identity from those applied to them by later scholarship and question the relevance of applying modern terms for identity groups (e.g., ethnicity or nationality) to the description of medieval social units. I propose we think of identity as a social construct comprised of three articulating facets, which I call: form, aspect, and definition. The form of identity is its manifestation in behavior and symbolic markers; its aspect is the perception of these forms by people; and its definition is the combination of these perceptions into a social category. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, I examine each facet individually before synthesizing the results. I study the form of identity through an analysis of styles in material culture using a consensus analysis to determine how well objects decorated with the same motif do communicating a shared idea to members of a social group. I explore the aspect of identity through a whole-corpus linguistics approach to Old English, in which I study the co-occurrence of words for “a people” and other semantic fields to refine our understanding of Old English perceptions of social identity. -
Macmaster2016.Pdf (2.463Mb)
This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. The Transformative Impact of the Slave Trade on the Roman World, 580 - 720 Thomas J. MacMaster Thesis submitted for PhD The University of Edinburgh 2015 T. J. MacMaster, The Transformative Impact of the Slave Trade on the Roman World, 1 580-720 T. J. MacMaster, The Transformative Impact of the Slave Trade on the Roman World, 2 580-720 Declaration: This is to certify that that the work contained within has been composed by me and is entirely my own work. No part of this thesis has been submitted for any other degree or professional qualification. Signed: T. J. MacMaster, The Transformative Impact of the Slave Trade on the Roman World, 3 580-720 T. J. MacMaster, The Transformative Impact of the Slave Trade on the Roman World, 4 580-720 Table of contents 4 List of Abbreviations 6 Introduction: Slave trading between antiquity and the middle ages 8 1. -
The British-Israel Myth - Christian Identity and the Lost Tribes of Israel
The British-Israel Myth - Christian Identity and the Lost Tribes of Israel Nick Greer Copyright © September 2004. All rights reserved. This document is hereby made freely available for the use of any and all worldwide. Permission is granted to anyone to make or distribute verbatim copies of this document, in any medium, provided that, except with written permission, the text remains unaltered, and this copyright notice and permission notice are preserved. Except with written permission, no charge whatsoever for redistribution may be made. Paperback editions of this book, and the most recent electronic editions, are available from the Internet at www.pengo.us Unless Otherwise Indicated, the Scripture quotations contained herein are from the New Revised Standard Version Bible, copyright 1989, by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A. Used by permission. All rights reserved. CONTENTS 1 Introduction ..................................................................7 2 British-Israelism Doctrine ..........................................11 2.1 Scattering of the Tribes..........................................11 2.2 The British-Israel Chronology ...............................14 2.3 Richard Brothers ....................................................15 3 British-Israelism Examined by Scripture....................17 3.1 Accounts of the Tribe’s Return..............................17 3.2 King Cyrus.............................................................18 3.3 Unification of Assyria -
The Name of the Hwicce: a Discussion
The name of the Hwicce: a discussion Richard Coates Abstract This article presents the evidence for the Anglo-Saxon ethnic name Hwicce borne by a people of the south-west Midlands, and reviews previous unsatisfactory attempts to explain it. It appears to be probably of British Celtic origin, and an etymology in two variants, consistent in etymological meaning with that of other early ethnonyms, is suggested. * The name of this well-known people of the south-west Midlands in the Anglo-Saxon period has received no uncontroversial or widely accepted explanation. It is amply attested, in Latin and Old English texts dating from, or purporting to date from, before the year 1000, as follows:1 in confinio Huicciorum et Occidentalium Saxonum c. 731 (MS ad libitum except as noted) Bede Historia ecclesiastica 2.2 (referring to the year 603; variants u(u)icciorum in MSS B, C), Huicciorum prouincia 4.13, ad prouinciam Huicciorum 4.21 (4.23), prouinciae Huicciorum 5.23 Hwinca uncertain date [7th cent.?] (recension A, 11th cent.) Tribal Hidage (variants Hynica [sic], Hwynca) in provincia Huicciorum 671 for 674 x 679 (14th cent.) royal grant, Sawyer 70 (BCS 60) gentis Huicciorum 743 x 745 (11th cent.) royal grant, Sawyer 99 (BCS 165) metropolim Huicciorum (= Worcester), diocesis Huuicciorum mid-8th (early 11th cent.) episcopal grant, Sawyer 1254 (BCS 166) (Breodun) in Huic’, in provincia Huicciorum 772 for 775 (11th cent.), royal lease, and 780 (11th cent.), royal grant, Sawyer 109, 116 (BCS 209, 236) (duce) propriæ gentis Huicciorum, HUICCIORUM (regulus) 778 (late 11th cent.), royal grant, Sawyer 113 (BCS 223) in provincia Hwicciorum, (monte quem incola nominant) Mons Huuicciorum 780 (11th cent.) royal grant, Sawyer 117 (BCS 236) 1 In references to charters, the following abbreviations are used: S = P. -
1 Territory Formation in Anglo-Saxon England
1 TERRITORY FORMATION IN ANGLO-SAXON ENGLAND: NAMES, PLACES AND DISTRICTS* Stuart Brookes (Institute of Archaeology. University College of London) INTRODUCTION Domesday Book -the Great Survey of England and parts of Wales completed under William the Conqueror in AD 1086- lists a number of different types of territories that made up the Late Anglo-Saxon state. While ostensibly describing a hierarchy of administrative structures that existed by this time, from large-scale jurisdictions covering entire regions down to very small legal groupings (in some cases comprising only two or three parishes), this paper will argue that Domesday Book can also be read as evidence for the processes by which these territories came about. Some of these processes appear to have taken a long time, others may have occurred only shortly before Domesday Book was compiled, and there is great regional variability in their manifestations. Unpicking this palimpsest is, accordingly, very difficult, and no single model can be universally applied to explain every situation. So, I will restrict myself in this paper to describing only two of the processes that can be gleaned from the evidence. One is known as the “river and wold” model, espoused, amongst others, by Alan Everitt and Tom Williamson, and is in essence a cultural ecological approach to territory formation1. The other comes from James Scott’s ideas about the legibility of the state: that the metrication, measurement and rationalisation of space are one of the ways by which states come to dominate subjects2. This phenomenon is, I will suggest, particularly common as an outcome of “peer- polity competition” -which itself has been widely used to describe the processes of kingdom formation in England taking place in the fifth to seventh centuries3.