DOCSLIB.ORG

Experience Database of Romanian Facilities Subjected to the Last Three Vrancea Earthquakes

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

XA9952878 Title: Experience Database of Romanian Facilities Subjected to the Last Three Vrancea Earthquakes Contributor: Stevenson & Associates Date: March 1995 STEVENSON & ASSOCIATES Faurei # 1, Bloc P11, Ap.80, Sector 1 Bucharest, Phone/Fax: (401) 211-3783 Registration no. J 40/27689/1993, Fiscal cod: 5042040 Account (lei): 4104085154538. Account ($): 4154085154538. Dacia Felix-Sa Bank, Sue. Bucuresti Research Report for the International Atomic Energy Agency Vienna, Austria Contract No. 8223/EN EXPERIENCE DATABASE OF ROMANIAN FACILITIES SUBJECTED TO THE LAST THREE VRANCEA EARTHQUAKES Parti Probabilisitic hazard analysis to the Vrancea earthquakes in Romania. by Dan Lungu1} and Ovidiu Coman2) with cooperation of: Alexandru Aldea !) Tiberiu Cornea ^ lolanda Craifaleanu 5) Traian Moldoveanu4) Mihaela Rizescu3) 1) Technical University of Civil Engineering, Bucharest 2) Stevenson & Associates, Bucharest Office 3) National Institute for Earth Physics, INFP 4) Institute for Geotechnical and Geophysical Studies, GEOTEC 5) lPCT-SA This page is intentionally left blank. Contents: 1. Introduction 2. The Vrancea source References 3. Probabilistic seismic hazard evaluation 3.1 Magnitude-recurrence relationship 3.2 Ground motion attenuation References 4. Site-dependent response spectra for design 4.1 Site dependent frequency content of the accelerograms 4.2 Bucharest narrow frequency band motions of long predominant period and design spectra for soft soil condition 4.3 Moldavia and Republic of Moldavia response spectra 4.4 Response spectra for motions recorded in Dobrogea References 5. Appendix 1: Characteristics of free-field accelerograms recorded in the last three Vrancea earthquakes by the seismic networks of INFP and GEOTEC 6. Acknowledgment This page is intentionally left blank. 1. INTRODUCTION The scope of this research project is to use the past seismic experience of similar components from power and industrial facilities to establish the generic seismic resistance of nuclear power plant safe shutdown equipment. The first part of the project provide information about the Vrancea earthquakes which affect the Romanian territory and also the Kosloduy NPP site as a background of the investigations of the seismic performance of mechanical and electrical equipment in the industrial facilities. This project has the following objectives: a) first part : - Collect and process all available seismic information about Vrancea earthquakes; - Perform probabilistic hazard analysis of the Vrancea earthquakes; - Determine attenuation low, correlation between the focal depth, earthquake power, soil conditions and frequency characteristics of the seismic ground motion b) second part: - Investigate and collect information regarding seismic behavior during the 1977, 1986 and 1990 earthquakes of mechanical and electrical components from industrial facilities. The seismic database used for the analysis of the Vrancea earthquakes includes digitized triaxial records as follows: March 4, 1977 - 1 station, Aug. 30 1986 - 42 stations, May 1990 - 54 stations. Also a catalogue of the Vrancea earthquakes occurred during the period 1901-1994, is presented. The present report represent the first part of the research project. This page is intentionally left blank. 2. THE VRANCEA SOURCE The Vrancea region, situated where the Carpathian Arc bends, is the source of an intermediate depth (60-170 km) seismic activity. It affects more than 2/3 of the territory of Romania, important parts of the Republic of Moldova and a small area in Bulgaria. The Vrancea intermediate depth foci produce a high seismic risk in the densely built zones of the South-East of Romania. In Bucharest, on March 4, 1977, during the strongest Vrancea earthquake in the last 50 years, more than 1500 people died and 35 reinforced concrete multi-storey buildings completely collapsed. However the Vrancea region is a source of smaller seismic risk when compared with the seismic risk in Turkey (57,757 dead people in destructive earthquakes that occurred from 1925 to 1988) or in Greece. From EUROPROBE's LEVISP and DECAP Reports, the Vrancea region in Romania can be characterised as follows: The Carpathian Arc is bounded on the North and North-East by the East European Platform and on the East and South by the Moesian Platform; inside the Arc and Westward are the Transylvanian and Pannonian basins, Fig. 2.1. 0 50 100km i ' ' ' i Fig. 2.1 Tectonic units in the Vrancea region - Romania Focus Moment Gutenberg- The three tectonic units in contact depth magnitude Richter along the Eastern Carpathians have different km magnitude crustal and lithospheric thickness, heat flow Mw M and other physical properties as well as o - different relative motions. Crustal seismic The thickness of the lithosphere varies 20 -- 5.5 activity between about 150 km in the platform areas and less than 100 km inside the Carpathians. 40 . No seismic In the Vrancea zone the lithosphere activity descends to more than 200 km and is located 60 - at about 30-40 km in the platform areas, 40- 6.8 6.5 1945 Sept 07 55 km in the Carpathians area and 25-30 km 6.3 6.1 1990 May 31 80 - in the basin areas. 7.0 6.7 1990 May 30 The intermediate depth foci are 100 - clustered in a narrow volume: about 20 km in 7.5 7.2 1977 Mar 04 the SE-NW direction, 60 km in the NE-SW 6.8 6.5 1940 Oct 22 120 - direction and 100 km in depth. 7.2 7.0 1986 Aug30 140 - 7.7 7.4 1940 Novll 7.0 6.8 1908 Oct 06 The mechanism of the Vrancea source 160 - was explained by Fuchs et al. (1979): 180 - Deepest event First a subduction zone was 4.0 recorded 200 - recognised in the Eastern Carpathians in the 1982 May 16 SE-NW direction, later a paleosubduction zone in the NE-SW direction with its Southern end decoupled. Fig. 2.2 Vrancea intermediate depth events (Mw> 6.8) Adapted from EUROPROBE's DECA Project Nevertheless, from several tectonic models proposed none of them can explain all the particularities of the Vrancea observed seismic activity : spatial distribution of seismic activity, the two types of orientation of the fault plane, etc. (EUROPROBE). The C. Radu Catalogue of the earthquakes (M > 5.0) which occurred in the Vrancea zone from 1901 to 1994 is listed in Table 2.1. The magnitude in Catalogue is the Gutenberg- Richter magnitude (1954). This magnitude could be approximated as equal to the surface magnitude (Bonjer, 1991): M = Ms. Conversion of the Gutenberg-Richter magnitude M > 5.0 into the moment magnitude Mw can be done using the relation proposed, for the Vrancea source, by Oncescu (1987): Mw= 0.92 M +0.81. (2.1) Table 2.1 Catalogue of the Vrancea earthquakes (M £ 5.0) occurred on the territory of Romania during the period 1901 - 1994 (C. Radu, 1994) Nr. Date Time Lat. Long. Focus depth lo Gutenberg- GMT h Epicentral Richter h.m.s N° E° km intensity magnitude 1 1901 Sep 23 18:11 45.7 26.6 i V 5.0 2 1902 Mar 11 20:14 45.7 26.6 i VI 5.5 3 1903 Jun08 15:07 45.7 26.6 i VI 5.0 4 Sep 13 08:02:7 45.7 26.6 i VII 6.3 5 1904 Feb 06 02:49 45.7 26.6 i VI 5.7 6 1908 Oct 06 21:39:8 45.5 26.5 150 VIII 6.8 7 1912 May 25 18:01:7 45.7 27.2 80 VII 6.0 8 May 25 20:15 45.7 27.2 80 VI 5.5 9 May 25 21:15 45.7 27.2 80 V-VI 5.3 10 Jun 07 01:58 45.7 27.2 80 V 5.0 11 1913 Mar 14 03:40 45.7 26.6 i V-VI 5-3 12 M23 22:03 45.7 26.6 i V-VI 5.3 13 1914 Jul 01 01:00 45.7 26.6 i V 5.0 14 Jul31 18:23:12 45.9 26.3 100 V-VI 5.3 15 Oct 26 02:59 45.7 26.6 i V 5.0 16 1917 Mar 15 20:42:46 46.0 26.5 i V 5.0 17 May 19 21:00 45.7 26.6 i VI 5.5 18 Mil 03:23:55 45.7 26.6 i VI 5.5 19 1918 Feb 25 02:07 45.7 26.6 i VI 5.5 20 1919 Apr 18 06:20:05 45.7 26.6 100 VI 5.3 21 Aug09 14:38 45.7 26.6 i VI 5.5 22 1925 Dec 25 02:37 45.7 26.6 i V 5.0 23 1927 Jul 24 20:17:05 45.7 26.6 i VI 5.5 24 1928 Mar 30 09:38:57 45.9 26.5 i VI 5.4 25 Nov23 04:23:12 45.7 26.6 150 V-VI 5.3 26 1929 May 20 12:17:56 45.8 26.5 100 VI 5.3 27 NovOl 06:57:25 45.9 26.5 160 VI-VII 5.8 28 1932 Mar 13 02:53 45.7 26.6 i V-VI 5.3 29 May 27 10:42:15 45.7 26.6 i VI 5.5 30 Sep 07 18:36 45.7 26.6 i VI 5.4 31 1934 Feb 02 10:59:13 45.2 26.2 150 VI 5.3 32 Mar 29 20:06:51 45.8 26.5 90 VII 6.3 33 1935 Jul 13 00:03:46 45.3 26.6 140 VI 5.3 34 Sep 05 06:00 45.8 26.7 150 VI 5.5 35 1936 May 17 17:38:02 45.3 26.3 150 V 5.1 36 1937 Jan 26 14:34 45.7 26.6 i V 5.0 37 1938 Jul 13 20:15:17 45.9 26.7 120 VI 5.3 38 1939 Sep 05 06:02:00 45.9 26.7 115 VI 5.3 39 1940 Jun 24 09:57:27 45.9 26.6 115 V-VI 5.5 40 Oct 22 06:37:00 45.8 26.4 122 VII - VIII 6.5 41 Nov08 12:00:44 45.5 26.2 145 VI 5.5 42 Nov 10 01:39:07 45.8 26.7 150 IX 7.4 43 Novll 06:34:16 46.0 26.8 150 VI 5.5 44 Nov 14 14:37 45.7 26.6 i V 5.0 45 Nov 19 20:27:12 46.0 26.5 150 VI 5.3 46 Nov 23 14:49:53 45.8 26.8 150 V-VI 5.3 47 Dec 01 17:19 45.7 26.6 i V 5.1 48 1941 Jan 29 07:04 45.7 26.6 i V 5.1 49 1942 Apr 13 03:07:22 45.7 26.5 100 V-VI 5.2 50 Jul 29 19:19 45.7 26.5 125 V 5.0 51 1943 Apr 28 19:46:40 45.8 27.1 66 VI 5.0 10 Nr.
Recommended publications
  • Nature Writing in Romania During the Post-War and Post-Communist Period

    Nature Writing in Romania During the Post-War and Post-Communist Period

    Emanuel Modoc Faculty of Letters, Babeș-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, Romania [email protected] NATURE WRITING IN ROMANIA DURING THE POST-WAR AND POST-COMMUNIST PERIOD Recommended Citation: Modoc, Emanuel. “Nature Writing in Romania During the Post-War and Post- Communist Period”. Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory 3.2 (2017): https://doi.org/10.24193/mjcst.2017.4.04 Abstract: My proposal aims to investigate the changes in the Romanian literary discourse on nature and the effects of industrialization following the 1989 revolution in comparison to the ideological discourse of the post-war era. If Romanian post-war literary discourse is firmly tied to the underlying ideology of Communism, then any attempt to investigate the discourse on nature in this period must be made alongside a reading of the Communist discourse on nature. In this respect, the situation of Romanian post-1989 prose that contains aspects of the influence of Communist industrialization on nature provides an interesting case study on the effects of the post-industrial era on literature itself. Thus, my proposal will focus on a number of novels written after 1989 in an ecocritical mode of reading. Keywords: ecocriticism, nature, ideology, Romanian post-war literature, 1989 Revolution Seeing as Romanian post-war literary discourse is invariably subordinated to the Communist ideology, analysing nature writing, or any discourse on nature of this period for that matter, from an ecocritical perspective could be seen as both a productive and a fruitless endeavour. As paradoxical as it may seem, to talk about nature in Romanian Communism, and then to talk about the Communist discourse on nature implies a careful, exhaustive, and therefore productive analysis of its ideology.
  • Strengthening Moldova's Disaster Risk Management and Climate Resilience

    Strengthening Moldova's Disaster Risk Management and Climate Resilience

    June 2020 STRENGTHENING MOLDOVA’S Public Disclosure Authorized DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE RESILIENCE Facing Current Issues and Future Challenges Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized © 2020 International Bank for Reconstruction Rights and Permissions and Development / International Development Association or The material in this work is subject to copyright. The World Bank Because The World Bank encourages dissemination 1818 H Street NW of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in Washington DC 20433 whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as Telephone: 202-473-1000 long as full attribution to this work is given. Internet: www.worldbank.org Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office This work is a product of the staff of The World of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street Bank with external contributions. The findings, NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522- interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this 2422; e-mail: [email protected]. work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the Cover images: governments they represent. Gheorghe Popa / Shutterstock.com Serghei Starus / Shutterstock.com The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy Shirmanov Aleksey / Shutterstock.com of the data included in this work. The boundaries, FrimuFilms / Shutterstock.com colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment Inside images: on the part of The World Bank concerning the Bernd Zillich / Shutterstock.com legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.
  • Integrated Transnational Macroseismic Data Set for the Strongest Earthquakes of Vrancea (Romania)

    Integrated Transnational Macroseismic Data Set for the Strongest Earthquakes of Vrancea (Romania)

    Tectonophysics 590 (2013) 1–23 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Tectonophysics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/tecto Review Article Integrated transnational macroseismic data set for the strongest earthquakes of Vrancea (Romania) Tatiana Kronrod a,⁎, Mircea Radulian b,1, Giuliano Panza c,d, Mihaela Popa b,2, Ivanka Paskaleva e,2, Slavica Radovanovich f,2, Katalin Gribovszki g,2, Ilie Sandu h,2, Lazo Pekevski i,2 a International Institute of Earthquake Prediction Theory and Mathematical Geophysics (IIEPT RAS), Profsoyuznaya str. 84/32, Moscow 117997, Russia b National Institute for Earth Physics, 12 Calugareni str., Magurele, 76900 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania c Dipartimento di Matematica e Geoscienze, Università di Trieste, Via Weiss 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy d The Abdus Salam International Centre for theoretical Physics, strada Costeria, 11, 34014 Trieste, Italy e Central Laboratory for Seismic Mechanics and Earthquake Engineering, (CLSMEE, BAS), “Acad.G.Bonchev” str., Block 3, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria f Seismological Survey of Serbia, Tasmajdan park bb p.fah 16, 11216 Belgrade, Serbia g Geodetic and Geophysical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Csatkai u. 6-8, Sopron H-9400, Hungary h Institute of Geology and Seismology, Academy of Science of Moldova, str. Academiei, 3, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova i Seismological Observatory, P.O. Box 422, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia article info abstract Article history: A unique macroseismic data set for the strongest earthquakes occurring since 1940 in the Vrancea region Received 29 January 2012 is constructed by a thorough review of all available sources. Inconsistencies and errors in the reported data Received in revised form 22 January 2013 and in their use are also analysed.
  • New Images of the Nation in Postcommunist Romanian Literature

    New Images of the Nation in Postcommunist Romanian Literature

    ANDREEA MIRONESCU THE INTERRUPTED COMMUNITY: NEW IMAGES OF THE NATION IN POSTCOMMUNIST ROMANIAN LITERATURE What Can One See through a Hole in a Flag The 1989 Romanian Revolution brought to the forefront one of the most powerful and suggestive images of the interrupted community: the hole in the flag. Cutting out the national emblem of the former Socialist Republic of Romania could have been a purely contextual and defiant action during the insurrection against Ceausescu’s oppressive regime, but it had immediate and large echoes. Andrei Codrescu, a reputed Romanian-American writer who travelled back to Romania in December 1989 to relate the revolution as a radio commentator for ABC’s Nightline, was one of the first to speculate upon this image in his homonymous book published in 1991: “suddenly there, under the cold moon, there it was, the Romanian flag with the socialist emblem cut right out of the middle. […] It’s through that hole, I thought, that I am returning to my birthplace”1. Codrescu connects the hole in the flag not only with a maternal tunnel through which he returns in his homeland, but also to the motif of the empty space which featured recurrently in Romanian theories of national culture ever since the interwar period, as Bogdan Ştefănescu suggests2. However, a more transparent connection to the interrupted community, as Jean-Luc Nancy defines it in his celebrated book The Inoperative Community, is to be found in Slavoj Žižek’s interpretation of the hole in the flag. For the Slovenian philosopher, the Romanian hollowed flag is a “sublime image” of a suspended and open historical situation: “the rebels waving the national flag with the red star, the Communist symbol, cut out, so that instead of the symbol standing for the organizing principle of the national life, there was nothing but a hole in its centre”3.
  • Intensity Seismic Hazard Map of Romania by Probabilistic and (Neo)Deterministic Approaches, Linear and Nonlinear Analyses*

    Intensity Seismic Hazard Map of Romania by Probabilistic and (Neo)Deterministic Approaches, Linear and Nonlinear Analyses*

    Romanian Reports in Physics, Vol. 63, No. 1, P. 226–239, 2011 EARTH PHYSICS INTENSITY SEISMIC HAZARD MAP OF ROMANIA BY PROBABILISTIC AND (NEO)DETERMINISTIC APPROACHES, LINEAR AND NONLINEAR ANALYSES* GHEORGHE MĂRMUREANU, CARMEN ORTANZA CIOFLAN, ALEXANDRU MĂRMUREANU National Institute for Earth Physics P.O.Box MG-2, RO-077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania, E-mail:[email protected] Received September 27, 2010 Abstract. The last zonation seismic map has areas where seismic intensities are under- evaluated (e.g. Dobrogea, Banat etc.), and other areas are over-evaluated. The fundamental unacceptable point of view is that this design code is in peak ground accelerations which generates a lot of drawbacks to civil structural designers and to insurance companies which are paying all damages and causalities in function of earthquake intensity. The mapping is carried out using probabilistic approach and a complex hybrid waveform modeling method which combines the modal summation technique with finite-difference one to describe the seismic waves propagation through an inelastic space from source to free field surface. The result is a new seismic map in intensities by using probabilistic and deterministic approaches, linear and nonlinear seismology and developing the concept of control earthquake to obtain the banana shape of the attenuations curves of the macroseismic intensity along the directions defined by azimuths. Key words: Seismic hazard, probabilistic analysis, (neo)deterministic approach, etalon earthquake, seismic intensity. 1. INTRODUCTION The strong seismic events originating from Vrancea area can generate the most destructive effects experienced in Romania, and may seriously affect high risk man-made structures such as nuclear power plants (Cernavoda, Kosloduj, etc.), chemical plants, large dams and pipelines located within a wide area from Central * Paper nr.581 presented at 14th European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology, Ohrid, August 30–September 3, 2010, Macedonia.
  • Ludic Şi Ironie În Proza Optzecistă

    Ludic Şi Ironie În Proza Optzecistă

    critică, ESEU 29 Iulian L UDIC şi IRONIE BOLDEA ÎN PROZA OPTZECISTĂ Critica literară ce s-a aplecat asupra fenomenului pro- zei româneşti contemporane a putut constata existen- ţa a două trăsături dominante: proza autoreferenţială, nonfictivă, cu care a debutat în forţă ultimul deceniu al secolului trecut, şi reabilitarea ficţiunii, ce a urmat, ca reacţie firească la invazia de literatură documentară, depoziţională, autobiografică. Acestea sunt, în fapt, cele două direcţii majore ce structurează evoluţia prozei româneşti contemporane; proza de ficţiune este con- curată de proza autobiografică, de proza nonfictivă, de documentul literar, mai mult sau mai puţin stilizat, sau de proza autoficţională, în care, pe baza unor referiri la circumstanţe sau persoane reale, se creează o ficţiona- lizare a acestei realităţi. Ficţionalizarea are, aşadar, ca punct de plecare realitatea, pe care o recreează, o remo- delează, conferindu-i dimensiuni, sensuri, semnificaţii inedite. Cert este că jurnalele, memoriile şi alte tipuri de texte autobiografice ale unor scriitori din perioada interbelică, dar şi textele cu caracter depoziţional, ce evocă suferinţele şi precaritatea fiinţei umane în perioa- da comunistă, se întretaie, în aceşti ultimi optsprezece ani, cu textele ficţionale. Ba chiar, cum s-a şi remarcat, scrierile cu caracter depoziţional au reprezentat un sti- mulent pentru scriitorii de azi, care şi-au regăsit dis- ponibilităţi noi prin asumarea pactului autobiografic la nivelul propriei scriituri (Nicolae Breban, Dumitru Ţepeneag, Mircea Zaciu etc.). De cealaltă parte, ficţiu- nea a înregistrat câteva succese absolut notabile, prin proza autoficţională a lui Mircea Cărtărescu, prin roma- nele lui Nicolae Breban, Ioan Groşan, Ştefan Agopian, Gheorghe Crăciun, Mircea Nedelciu, Alexandru Vlad ş.a.
  • Long Term Earthquake Prediction in Vrancea Region , Romania , Based on a Time Predictable Model

    Long Term Earthquake Prediction in Vrancea Region , Romania , Based on a Time Predictable Model

    LONG TERM EARTHQUAΚE PREDICTION ΙΝ VRANCEA REGION,ROMANIA,BASED ΟΝ Α ΤΙΜΕ PREDICTABLE MODEL Panagiotopoulos,D.G. Geophysical Laboratory,Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,GR­ 54006 Thessaloniki,Macedonia,GREECE Α Β S Τ R Α C Τ Οη the basis of instrumental and historical information οη strong intermediate-deptll main shocks which occurred in the Vrancea region of the Romanian territory, four repeat times (five main shocks) have been determined. ΒΥ using these repeat tirnes, the following relation was obtained: 10gTt=0. 10M +0. 31Μ +a m1n ρ where Τ is the repeat time, measured in years, Μ is the magnitude of the preceding rnain shock, Μ is the maghitude of the srnallest earthquake considered and ,,~'.~ is a constant which corresponds to the source and equals to -1.45. Οη the basis of this relation the probability of occurrence of a new strong earthquake in Vrancea region during the next decades has been calculated. It was found that this probability,for the occurrence of a main shock with magnitude M~7.0, is less than 0.40 for the next two decades and more than 0.70 for the next three decades or so. ΜΑΚΡΟΠΡΟΘΕΣΜΗ ΠΡΟΓΝΩΣΗ ΣΕΙΣΜΏΝ ΣΤΗΝ ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗ VRANCEA ΤΗΣ ΡΟΥΜΑΝΙΑΣ ΒΑΣΙΣΜΕΝΗ ΣΤΟ ΜΟΝΤΕΛΟ ΠΡΟΓΝΩΣΗΣ ΤΟΥ ΧΡΟΝΟΥ ΤΩΝ ΙΣΧΥΡΩΝ ΣΕΙΣΜΏΝ παναγιωτόπουλος,Δ.Γ. Π Ε Ρ Ι Λ Η Ψ Η Ιστορικά και ενόργανα δεδομένα ιοχυρών ενδιαμέσου βάθους σεισμών στην περιοχή Vrancea της Ρουμανί.ας χρησημοποιήθηκαν για να δειχθεί ότι ο χρόνος ΤΙ (σε έτη) μεταξό δόο ισχυρών σειομών δίνεται από τη σχέση: LogT = 0.10M + 0.31Μ + a t min ρ όπου MjJI;n ε ί να ι το επ ι φανε ι ακό μέγε θος του μ ι κρότερου κόρ ι ου σε ι σμου που θεωροόμε, Μ το μέγε θος του κόρ ι ου σε ι σμοό που προηγήθηκε και "α" μια &ταθερά που αντιστοιχεί στη πηγή και υπολογίσθηκε ιση με -1.45.
  • Behavior of Dwellings During Strong Earthquakes in Romania

    Behavior of Dwellings During Strong Earthquakes in Romania

    th The 14 World Conference on Earthquake Engineering October 12-17, 2008, Beijing, China BEHAVIOR OF DWELLINGS DURING STRONG EARTHQUAKES IN ROMANIA 1 2 I. Vlad and M. Vlad 1 Professor, Director of the Romanian National Center for Earthquake Engineering and Vibrations, Technical University of Civil Engineering, Bucharest, Romania 2 Engineer, Savian Design Company, Bucharest, Romania Emails: [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT : The paper presents a short description of the seismotectonics and seismicity of Romania, together with the main features of the strong earthquakes that had affected its territory, in order to understand the behavior of different residential buildings from several parts of the country. The behavior of dwellings during the November 10, 1940 and March 4, 1977 earthquakes is briefly presented. Some other three seismic events occurred in Romania after 1977 (August 30/31, 1986, May 30 and 31, 1990). The frequent occurrence of strong earthquakes in Romania led to a situation in which an important part of the building stock was overloaded and/or damaged several times and, in the absence of appropriate rehabilitation works, it has become more vulnerable than initially. Brief information on the evolution of the seismic legislation and final remarks complete the paper. KEYWORDS: dwelling, damage, soft and weak story, earthquake, Bucharest, Romania 1.SEISMOTECTONICS AND SEISMICITY OF ROMANIA Romania is one of Europe's most seismically active regions, together with other Balkan and Mediterranean countries (Bulgaria, Turkey, Greece, former Yugoslavia and Italy). A short description of the seismotectonics and seismicity of Romania is as follows (Pomonis and others, 1990). Romania has a surface area of 237,500 km2.
  • Rearticulating Socialist Subjectivities

    Rearticulating Socialist Subjectivities

    Rearticulating Socialist Subjectivities Class and Gender in Romanian Fiction during Communism by Alexandru Demirel Emil Boican Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy School of Slavonic and East European Studies University College London 2016 I, Alexandru Demirel Emil Boican confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. 2 Abstract This thesis proposes a socio-cultural analysis of the articulation of socialist subjectivities in Romanian fiction during the communist period. The question underpinning my research, therefore, concerns the way in which the literary articulation of subjectivity changed across two historical divides: from the inter-war period to Socialist Realism and from Socialist Realism to the literature of the troubling decade. This thesis will be argued over four chapters, two of which will examine the works of Mihail Sadoveanu while a further two will dissect the works of Augustin Buzura. Through the close reading of the works of Sadoveanu and Buzura, whose careers span the two aforementioned historical divides, this thesis will trace the complex rearticulating of class and gender subjectivities as they evolved throughout the communist period, as well as the importance of the communist regime’s social legacies as regards the understanding of post 1989 social developments in Romania. Central to the communist regime’s project of social transformation was the creation of an egalitarian society by default of the abolition of capitalist classes and gender inequalities. While the regime claimed that the material basis of these inequalities had been eliminated and social emancipation was well advanced, critics considered that the official egalitarian discourse had erased social and individual differences and engendered the so-called “faceless masses”.
  • Between a Harmless Game and a Bittersweet Disease: Forms of Nostalgia in Post-Socialist Central and Eastern Europe

    Between a Harmless Game and a Bittersweet Disease: Forms of Nostalgia in Post-Socialist Central and Eastern Europe

    Western University Scholarship@Western Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository 10-30-2020 12:00 PM Between a Harmless Game and a Bittersweet Disease: Forms of Nostalgia in Post-Socialist Central and Eastern Europe George A. Condrache, The University of Western Ontario Supervisor: Vladimir Tumanov, The University of Western Ontario A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the equirr ements for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Comparative Literature © George A. Condrache 2020 Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd Part of the Comparative Literature Commons Recommended Citation Condrache, George A., "Between a Harmless Game and a Bittersweet Disease: Forms of Nostalgia in Post- Socialist Central and Eastern Europe" (2020). Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository. 7399. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/7399 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstract This thesis focuses on novels, essays, films, and popular culture miscellanea representative of Central and Eastern Europe, in the attempt to explain how nostalgia developed in this area since the fall of the Iron Curtain. Post-socialist Central and Eastern Europe has undergone a major - and, for many, unsettling - historical shift, thus, perhaps not surprisingly, nostalgia for the former communist regime does not lack in popularity. Due to the region’s turbulent past cum present, millions of Eastern Europeans have migrated westward; homesickness is only one of the feelings they share.
  • Teză De Doctorat Rezumat

    Teză De Doctorat Rezumat

    UNIVERSITATEA DE MEDICINĂ, FARMACIE, ȘTIINȚE ȘI TEHNOLOGIE „GEORGE EMIL PALADE” DIN TÂRGU MUREȘ ȘCOALA DOCTORALĂ DE LITERE, ȘTIINȚE UMANISTE ȘI APLICATE DOMENIUL: FILOLOGIE TEZĂ DE DOCTORAT REZUMAT Doctorand: Ioana BOȘTENARU Conducător științific: Prof. univ. dr. Alexandru CISTELECAN TÂRGU MUREŞ 2021 UNIVERSITATEA DE MEDICINĂ, FARMACIE, ȘTIINȚE ȘI TEHNOLOGIE „GEORGE EMIL PALADE” DIN TÂRGU MUREȘ ȘCOALA DOCTORALĂ DE LITERE, ȘTIINȚE UMANISTE ȘI APLICATE DOMENIUL: FILOLOGIE FICȚIONALIZAREA POSTCOMUNISTĂ A COMUNISMULUI REZUMAT Doctorand: Ioana BOȘTENARU Conducător științific: Prof. univ. dr. Alexandru CISTELECAN TÂRGU MUREŞ 2021 2 CUPRINS ARGUMENT 1. CONSIDERAȚII GENERALE: OMUL NOU ÎN LUMEA DE MÂINE 1.1. Statutul literaturii în perioada comunistă 1.2. Ficționalizarea comunismului înainte de 1989: „literatura salvată” 1.2.1. Epurarea ideologică. Studiu de caz: Moromeții 1.2.2. Istoria nu este rea. Studiu de caz: Fețele tăcerii 1.2.3. Intelectualul ca „paria”. Studiu de caz: Galeria cu viță sălbatică 2. REVENIREA LA DEMOCRAȚIE: TRANZIȚIE ȘI POST-TRANZIȚIE 2.1. Poziționarea literaturii după 1989 2.2. Comunismul – o temă omniprezentă 2.3. Revizitarea comunismului în scrierile nonficționale 2.3.1. Gabriel Decuble și „universul roz” 2.3.2. O biografie comunistă: Vasile Ernu 2.3.3. Pe urmele „timpului dispărut” 2.3.4. Ioana Pârvulescu și „rezidenții” comunismului 3. DIRECȚII ÎN FICȚIONALIZAREA COMUNISMULUI 3.1. Revizitarea nostalgică: între idilizarea trecutului și damnarea tranziției 3.1.1. Decepția postcomunistă: Sînt o babă comunistă! 3.1.2. Băiețeii din Drumul Taberei 3.1.3. Refugiul în visare: Iepurii nu mor 3.1.4. Inocenții din provincie 3.1.5. Tranziția din strada Oilor: Simion liftnicul 3 3.2. Ficțiunea postcomunistă între istorie și traumă 3.2.1.
  • 147 Ioana PAVEL Faculty of Letters, Babeș-Bolyai

    147 Ioana PAVEL Faculty of Letters, Babeș-Bolyai

    Ioana PAVEL Faculty of Letters, Babeș-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, Romania [email protected] LITERATURE AND MIGRATION: THE RE-PRESENTATIONS OF ITALY IN CONTEMPORARY ROMANIAN PROSE Recommended Citation: Pavel, Ioana. “Literature and Migration: The Re- presentations of Italy in Contemporary Romanian Prose”. Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory 6.1 (2020): https://doi.org/10.24193/mjcst.2020.9.10 Abstract: Thematised through the mechanism of fictionalization, migration is one of the common fields in which the social impact upon literature is visible on multiple levels. Discussions in which migration occupies a central place cover different areas of literary interest. Such areas are the status and the thematic preferences of the migrant writer, the “migration” (i.e. the circuit) of the book in the international space, and to the thematic reflection upon cultural, identity related, or psychological consequences of the phenomenon. The present study emphasises migration as a literary theme and insists on the reverberations that take place at the level of the narrative discourse (psychological print, narrative devices, real space vs. constructed space, subjective stamps on the re-presentation of the literary space etc.), starting from two case studies: The Little Girl Who Played at Being God by Dan Lungu, respectively Kinderland by Liliana Corobca. Besides the obvious sociological component, the novels share the interest in the psychological effects that the migration phenomenon has over the children. Their particular “voice” represents, in fact, a narrative device that both authors use in order to create an effect of authenticity. Keywords: migration, psychological and sociological perspective, narrative device, Dan Lungu, Liliana Corobca.