(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7.496,943 B1 Goldberg Et Al

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7.496,943 B1 Goldberg Et Al USOO7496943B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7.496,943 B1 Goldberg et al. (45) Date of Patent: Feb. 24, 2009 (54) NETWORKSYSTEM FOR PRESENTING 4,186,413 A 1/1980 Mortimer .................... 358,146 ADVERTISING (75) Inventors: Sheldon F. Goldberg, Henderson, NV (Continued) (US); John Van Antwerp, Springdale, MD (US) FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (73) Assignee: Beneficial Innovations, Inc., Las Vegas, DE T33983 4/1943 .................... 21/72 NV (US) (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this (Continued) past list: sited under 35 OTHER PUBLICATIONS U.S. Patent Application: Auxier et al., “Interactive Information Super (21) Appl. No.: 09/502,285 Highway Prize Network”. Sep. 2, 1994. (22) Filed: Feb. 11, 2000 (Continued) Related U.S. Application Data Primary Examiner Dmitry Suhol Assistant Examiner—Robert Mosser (63) Continuation of application No. 09/105,401, filed on (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Sheridan Ross P.C. Jun. 26, 1998, now Pat. No. 6,183,366, which is a continuation of application No. 08/759.895, filed on (57) ABSTRACT Dec. 3, 1996, now Pat. No. 5,823,879. (60) Provisional application No. 60/010,703, filed on Jan. A networked system is disclosed for presenting advertising 26, 1996, provisional application No. 60/010,361, during on-line interactions between a user and a service of a filed on Jan. 19, 1996. network (e.g., the Internet, interactive cable, and/or a LAN). (51) Int. Cl. Advertisements (ads) are presented to a networked user unre H04H 9/00 (2006.01) questedly during user interactions with the service. The user A63F II/00 (2006.01) Ca activate the ads (via hyperlinks) for receiving additional G06O 30/00 (2006.01) advertising. The system gathers user data and/or develops (52) U.S. Cl. 725/22:463f42: 705/14 user profiles for selectively presenting ads, promotionals, discounts, etc. targeted to receptive users. In exchange for (58) Field of Classification Search ................... 705/10, viewing such selective presentations, on-line access to the 705/14, 26; 709/217 219; 707/10, 501.1; service is provided, the service including, e.g., (a) playing 463/41-42: 345/701, 730; 725/22 on-line interactive games (e.g., blackjack and poker), (b) See application file for complete search history. providing access to the network itself (e.g., an Internet service (56) References Cited provider), and/or (c) providing access to Substantially any interactive service accessible via (b). The system can provide U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS free/reduced cost network services to the user for viewing 3,796,433 A 3/1974 Fraley et al. unrequested advertising. The system can be provided for a 3,848, 193 A 1 1/1974 Martin et al. ................. 325/53 CaS1O. 3.987,398 A 10/1976 Fung .......................... 325,309 4,170,782 A 10, 1979 Miller ......................... 358/84 109 Claims, 14 Drawing Sheets WEBSITE308 BLACKIACKGAMECONTROLLER4 38 42 WAGER ge:Eos Har B.Eck ACCCJNN PLAYING Moyle MODULE re BLACKJACK H-BiACKACK PLAYER BEACK HAND EWALUATOR!-- EWALUATOR 34 t 26 t its 46 COMMUNICATION INTERFACE 22 348 cascripts I WORLDWIDESERVER340 - RNTERNETENTERFACE332 INTERNET324 NTERNET INTERNET NERNET CLIEN CLENT CLIENT BLACKJACK 0. NOE NCE NODE PLAYER REGISTRATION 38 38 318 ANX PLAYING SAUS DATABASE28 US 7,496.943 B1 Page 2 U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 5,075,771 A 12/1991 Hashimoto ................... 358,84 5,077.607 A 12, 1991 Johnson et al. ............... 358,86 4,224,644 A 9, 1980 Lewis et al. ................ 360, 72.2 5,083,271 A 1/1992 Thacher et al. 4,283,709 A 8, 1981 Lucero et al. .. ... 340,147 5,093.918 A 3/1992 Heyen et al. ................ 395,725 4,287,592 A 9, 1981 Paulish et al. .. ... 370/88 5,099,319 A 3, 1992 Esch et al. ... ... 358,86 4,288.809 A 9, 1981 Yabe ................ ... 358/12 5,105,184 A 4/1992 Pirani et al. ................. 340,721 4,305,101 A 12/1981 Yarbrough et al. ... 360/69 5,133,075 A 7/1992 Risch ......................... 395/800 4,307.446 A 12/1981 Barton et al. ..... 364,200 5,141,234 A 8/1992 Boylan et al. 4.338,644 A 7, 1982 Staar ............. ... 360,132 5,151,789 A 9/1992 Young ..................... 385,194.1 4,339,798 A 7/1982 Hedges et al. ... 364/412 5,159,549 A 10/1992 Hallman, Jr. et al. ........ 364,412 4,347,498 A 8, 1982 Lee et al. ....... 340,825.02 5,177,680 A 1/1993 Tsukino et al. .... 364/401 4,355,806 A 10/1982 Bucket al. .. 273.85 G 5, 182,640 A 1/1993 Takano ........................ 358,86 4,381.522 A 4, 1983 Lambert - - - - - ... 358/86 5,187,787 A 2f1993 Skeen et al. 395/600 4,405,946 A 9/1983 Knight ....... 358,192.1 5,200,823. A 4/1993 Yoneda et al. .. 358,146 4.429,385 A 1, 1984 Cichelli et al. ................ 37O/92 5,220,420 A 6/1993 Hoarty et al. ................. 358,86 4,467.424. A 8/1984 Hedges et al. .............. 364/412 5,220,501 A 6/1993 Lawlor et al. ............... 364,408 4476,488 A 10, 1984 Merrell .......... ... 358/86 5,220,657 A 6/1993 Bly et al. ........ 395,425 4.488,179 A 12/1984 Kruger et al. 358, 181 5,224,706 A 7, 1993 Bridgeman et al. ... 273.85 4,494,197 A 1/1985 Troy et al. ..... ... 364/412 5,227,874. A 7/1993 Von Kohorn .... ... 358/84 4,528,643 A 7/1985 Freeny, Jr. .. ... 364,900 5,230,048 A 7/1993 Moy ... 395/600 4,531,187 A 7, 1985 Uhland.......... ... 364/412 5,231493 A 7/1993 Apitz 358,146 4,536,791 A 8/1985 Campbell et al. ........... 358/122 5,233,533 A 8, 1993 Edstrom et al. 364/468 4.575,579 A 3, 1986 Simon et al. ... ... 17874 5,241,465. A 8, 1993 Oba et al. .... 364/401 4,602,279 A 7, 1986 Freeman..... ... 358/86 5,257,789 A 1 1/1993 LeVasseur .. 273.309 4,614,342 A 9, 1986 Takashima .. ... 273/85 5,257,810 A 1 1/1993 Schorr et al 273/292 4,636,951 A 1, 1987 Harlick ....... 364,412 5,261,042 A 11/1993 Brandt .... 395,156 4,641.205 A 2/1987 Beyers, Jr. ..... 360,331 5,265,033. A 1 1/1993 Vajket al. 364,514 4,677,466 A 6/1987 Lert, Jr. et al. .... ... 358/84 5,283,639 A 2f1994 Esch et al. ... 348/6 4,691.351 A 9/1987 Hayashi et al. ... 38.0/10 5,283,731 A 2f1994 Lalonde ... 364,401 4,691.354 A 9, 1987 Palminteri ..... ... 380.15 5,283,734 A 2f1994 Von Kohorn . 364,412 4,701,794. A 10/1987 Froling et al... ... 358,147 5,283,856 A 2f1994 Gross et al. ... ... 395.51 4,706,121 A 11/1987 Young ........... 358,142 5,285,272 A 2/1994 Bradley et al. ... 348/6 4,745,468 A 5, 1988 Von Kohorn ... ... 358/84 5,301,028 A 4, 1994 Banker et al. ... 348,570 4,751,578 A 6, 1988 Reiter et al. ..., ..., 358/183 5,305,195 A 4/1994 Murphy ...... 364/401 4,751,669 A 6/1988 Sturgis et al. .. ... 345,115 5,319,455 A 6/1994 Hoarty et al. ... ... 348.7 4,760,527 A 7/1988 Sidley ........... ... 364/412 5,319,707 A 6/1994 Wasilewski et al. ... 380.14 4,768,110 A 8/1988 Dunlap et al. .. ... 360,331 5,320,356 A 6/1994 Cauda ........ 273,292 4,775,935 A 10, 1988 Yourick ......... ... 364/401 5,321,241 A 6/1994 Craine .. 235,380 4,815,030 A 3/1989 Cross et al. ................. 364,900 5,326,104 A 7, 1994 Pease et al. 273/292 4,821, 102 A 4, 1989 Ichikawa et al. ............ 358, 183 5,337,155 A 8, 1994 Cornelis ..... 348,473 4,823,122 A 4, 1989 Mann et al. ............ 340,825.28 5,339,239 A 8, 1994 Manabe et al. .. 364/401 4,829,569 A 5/1989 Seth-Smith et al. ........... 380/10 5,343,239 A 8/1994 Lappington et al. ... 348/12 4,842,275 A 6, 1989 Tsatskin ..................... 273.1 R 5,343,300 A 8/1994 Hennig ....... 348,478 4,845,739 A 7, 1989 Katz ... 379,92 5,345,594 A 9, 1994 Tsuda ..... ... 455.18 4,856,787 A 8/1989 Itkis ........................... 273/237 5,347,632 A 9/1994 Filepp etal 395/200 4,866,700 A 9, 1989 Berry et al. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 370,58.1 5,351,970 A 10, 1994 Fioretti ....... 273,439 4,868,866 A 9, 1989 Williams, Jr. .. 380.49 5,353,218 A 10/1994 De Lapa etal 364/401 4,873,662 A 10/1989 Sargent ...................... 364,900 5,355.480 A 10, 1994 Smith et al. .. 395/600 4,875,164 A 10, 1989 Monfort ..................... 364,412 5,357.276 A 10, 1994 Banker et al. ... 348.7 4,876,592 A 10/1989 Von Kohorn ...... ... 358/84 5,361,393 A 1 1/1994 Rossillo ...... 395/650 4,890.321 A 12, 1989 Seth-Smith et al. ........... 380/20 5,377,354 A 12/1994 Scannell et al. 395/650 4.902,020 A 2, 1990 Auxier - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 273/256 5,393,067 A 2f1995 Paulsen et al. .. ... 273,292 4,908,707 A 3, 1990 Kinghorn. 358,147 5,398,932 A 3, 1995 Eberhardt et al.
Recommended publications
  • Here Should That It Was Not a Cheap Check Or Spite Check Be Better Collaboration Amongst the Federations to Gain Seconds
    Chess Contents Founding Editor: B.H. Wood, OBE. M.Sc † Executive Editor: Malcolm Pein Editorial....................................................................................................................4 Editors: Richard Palliser, Matt Read Malcolm Pein on the latest developments in the game Associate Editor: John Saunders Subscriptions Manager: Paul Harrington 60 Seconds with...Chris Ross.........................................................................7 Twitter: @CHESS_Magazine We catch up with Britain’s leading visually-impaired player Twitter: @TelegraphChess - Malcolm Pein The King of Wijk...................................................................................................8 Website: www.chess.co.uk Yochanan Afek watched Magnus Carlsen win Wijk for a sixth time Subscription Rates: United Kingdom A Good Start......................................................................................................18 1 year (12 issues) £49.95 Gawain Jones was pleased to begin well at Wijk aan Zee 2 year (24 issues) £89.95 3 year (36 issues) £125 How Good is Your Chess?..............................................................................20 Europe Daniel King pays tribute to the legendary Viswanathan Anand 1 year (12 issues) £60 All Tied Up on the Rock..................................................................................24 2 year (24 issues) £112.50 3 year (36 issues) £165 John Saunders had to work hard, but once again enjoyed Gibraltar USA & Canada Rocking the Rock ..............................................................................................26
    [Show full text]
  • Windows 10-New Features & Apps
    Windows 10-New Features & Apps By Tom Krauser This article discusses some of the new features and apps that come packaged in Windows 10. It is only a brief summary of these features. For more information you can search the internet or check YouTube for instructional videos on your topic of interest. The following links provide some good basic information on Windows 10 and should be helpful to you. https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/products/windows?os=windows-10 https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4043948/windows-10-whats-new-in-fall-creators-update-1709 The following article from PC World Magazine provides articles on a lot of new features in Windows 10. https://www.pcworld.com/tag/windows10/ The following article by CNET discusses some of new features in the latest update to Windows 10. https://www.cnet.com/how-to/windows-10-tips-best-features/ Alarms & Clocks: A combination of alarm clock, world clock, timer, and stopwatch. Set alarms and reminders, check times around the world, and time your activities, including laps and splits. The following link discusses how to set timers, alarms, and stopwatches: https://www.howtogeek.com/225211/how-to-set-timers-alarms-and-stopwatches-in-windows-10/ Camera: Many modern devices with Windows include a webcam and, to use it, you need an app that helps you take pictures, record videos or stream video while video chatting. For this purpose, Microsoft has built an app called Camera, which is available by default in Windows 10. Connect: Use Connect App to Cast Your Smartphone Screen to Your PC.
    [Show full text]
  • Percy Parache 17244 Hadlow Pl, Fort Myers, Fl 33967
    PERCY PARACHE 17244 HADLOW PL, FORT MYERS, FL 33967 PHONE EMAIL WEBSITE 407.914.3347 [email protected] percyparache.artstation.com/pages/private 3D MODELER AND TEXTURE ARTIST 3d modeler and texture artist with over 5 years experience in creating assets for simulations, games, architectural visualization, and television. Dedicated to team collaboration, constant learning, and delivering high quality assets. SKILLS SOFTWARE • 3D Modeling (High and low poly hard surface modeling) • Maya • Unreal Engine • Texturing (PBR – Physically Based Rendering) • 3d Studio Max • Unity • Rigging • Photoshop • Substance • Lighting • Zbrush • Quixel Suite • Marmoset Toolbag EXPERIENCE GameSim ORLANDO //3D ARTIST // 11/2018 – PRESENT • Lead artist on a large infrastructure visualization project for city development • Operated in Maya to clean, modify, and supplement 3D terrain and infrastructure geometry generated from CADD data • Modified aerial imagery textures, creating masks to hide unwanted features or adding new areas using Photoshop • Worked one on one with clients in weekly review cycles • Altered UE4 materials to match client requests • Authored multiple UE4 environment maps • Created camera shots using UE4 cinematic sequencer • Animated multiple environment props using cinematic sequencer • Rendered a great number of camera sequences in UE4 • Assumed the role of video editor using premiere pro Aegis Technologies ORLANDO // 3D MODELER // 10/2016 – 01/2018 • Modeled high quality military vehicles and weaponry for Army Game Studios • Modeled
    [Show full text]
  • The USCF Elo Rating System by Steven Craig Miller
    The USCF Elo Rating System By Steven Craig Miller The United States Chess Federation’s Elo rating system assigns to every tournament chess player a numerical rating based on his or her past performance in USCF rated tournaments. A rating is a number between 0 and 3000, which estimates the player’s chess ability. The Elo system took the number 2000 as the upper level for the strong amateur or club player and arranged the other categories above and below, as shown in the table below. Mr. Miller’s USCF rating is slightly World Championship Contenders 2600 above 2000. He will need to in- Most Grandmasters & International Masters crease his rating by 200 points (or 2400 so) if he is to ever reach the level Most National Masters of chess “master.” Nonetheless, 2200 his meager 2000 rating puts him in Candidate Masters / “Experts” the top 6% of adult USCF mem- 2000 bers. Amateurs Class A / Category 1 1800 In the year 2002, the average rating Amateurs Class B / Category 2 for adult USCF members was 1429 1600 (the average adult rating usually Amateurs Class C / Category 3 fluctuates somewhere around 1400 1500). The average rating for scho- Amateurs Class D / Category 4 lastic USCF members was 608. 1200 Novices Class E / Category 5 Most USCF scholastic chess play- 1000 ers will have a rating between 100 Novices Class F / Category 6 and 1200, although it is not un- 800 common for a few of the better Novices Class G / Category 7 players to have even higher ratings. 600 Novices Class H / Category 8 Ratings can be provisional or estab- 400 lished.
    [Show full text]
  • Elo World, a Framework for Benchmarking Weak Chess Engines
    Elo World, a framework for with a rating of 2000). If the true outcome (of e.g. a benchmarking weak chess tournament) doesn’t match the expected outcome, then both player’s scores are adjusted towards values engines that would have produced the expected result. Over time, scores thus become a more accurate reflection DR. TOM MURPHY VII PH.D. of players’ skill, while also allowing for players to change skill level. This system is carefully described CCS Concepts: • Evaluation methodologies → Tour- elsewhere, so we can just leave it at that. naments; • Chess → Being bad at it; The players need not be human, and in fact this can facilitate running many games and thereby getting Additional Key Words and Phrases: pawn, horse, bishop, arbitrarily accurate ratings. castle, queen, king The problem this paper addresses is that basically ACH Reference Format: all chess tournaments (whether with humans or com- Dr. Tom Murphy VII Ph.D.. 2019. Elo World, a framework puters or both) are between players who know how for benchmarking weak chess engines. 1, 1 (March 2019), to play chess, are interested in winning their games, 13 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/nnnnnnn.nnnnnnn and have some reasonable level of skill. This makes 1 INTRODUCTION it hard to give a rating to weak players: They just lose every single game and so tend towards a rating Fiddly bits aside, it is a solved problem to maintain of −∞.1 Even if other comparatively weak players a numeric skill rating of players for some game (for existed to participate in the tournament and occasion- example chess, but also sports, e-sports, probably ally lose to the player under study, it may still be dif- also z-sports if that’s a thing).
    [Show full text]
  • CP/M-80 Kaypro
    $3.00 June-July 1985 . No. 24 TABLE OF CONTENTS C'ing Into Turbo Pascal ....................................... 4 Soldering: The First Steps. .. 36 Eight Inch Drives On The Kaypro .............................. 38 Kaypro BIOS Patch. .. 40 Alternative Power Supply For The Kaypro . .. 42 48 Lines On A BBI ........ .. 44 Adding An 8" SSSD Drive To A Morrow MD-2 ................... 50 Review: The Ztime-I .......................................... 55 BDOS Vectors (Mucking Around Inside CP1M) ................. 62 The Pascal Runoff 77 Regular Features The S-100 Bus 9 Technical Tips ........... 70 In The Public Domain... .. 13 Culture Corner. .. 76 C'ing Clearly ............ 16 The Xerox 820 Column ... 19 The Slicer Column ........ 24 Future Tense The KayproColumn ..... 33 Tidbits. .. .. 79 Pascal Procedures ........ 57 68000 Vrs. 80X86 .. ... 83 FORTH words 61 MSX In The USA . .. 84 On Your Own ........... 68 The Last Page ............ 88 NEW LOWER PRICES! NOW IN "UNKIT"* FORM TOO! "BIG BOARD II" 4 MHz Z80·A SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER WITH "SASI" HARD·DISK INTERFACE $795 ASSEMBLED & TESTED $545 "UNKIT"* $245 PC BOARD WITH 16 PARTS Jim Ferguson, the designer of the "Big Board" distributed by Digital SIZE: 8.75" X 15.5" Research Computers, has produced a stunning new computer that POWER: +5V @ 3A, +-12V @ 0.1A Cal-Tex Computers has been shipping for a year. Called "Big Board II", it has the following features: • "SASI" Interface for Winchester Disks Our "Big Board II" implements the Host portion of the "Shugart Associates Systems • 4 MHz Z80-A CPU and Peripheral Chips Interface." Adding a Winchester disk drive is no harder than attaching a floppy-disk The new Ferguson computer runs at 4 MHz.
    [Show full text]
  • Elo and Glicko Standardised Rating Systems by Nicolás Wiedersheim Sendagorta Introduction “Manchester United Is a Great Team” Argues My Friend
    Elo and Glicko Standardised Rating Systems by Nicolás Wiedersheim Sendagorta Introduction “Manchester United is a great team” argues my friend. “But it will never be better than Manchester City”. People rate everything, from films and fashion to parks and politicians. It’s usually an effortless task. A pool of judges quantify somethings value, and an average is determined. However, what if it’s value is unknown. In this scenario, economists turn to auction theory or statistical rating systems. “Skill” is one of these cases. The Elo and Glicko rating systems tend to be the go-to when quantifying skill in Boolean games. Elo Rating System Figure 1: Arpad Elo As I started playing competitive chess, I came across the Figure 2: Top Elo Ratings for 2014 FIFA World Cup Elo rating system. It is a method of calculating a player’s relative skill in zero-sum games. Quantifying ability is helpful to determine how much better some players are, as well as for skill-based matchmaking. It was devised in 1960 by Arpad Elo, a professor of Physics and chess master. The International Chess Federation would soon adopt this rating system to divide the skill of its players. The algorithm’s success in categorising people on ability would start to gain traction in other win-lose games; Association football, NBA, and “esports” being just some of the many examples. Esports are highly competitive videogames. The Elo rating system consists of a formula that can determine your quantified skill based on the outcome of your games. The “skill” trend follows a gaussian bell curve.
    [Show full text]
  • Extensions of the Elo Rating System for Margin of Victory
    Extensions of the Elo Rating System for Margin of Victory MathSport International 2019 - Athens, Greece Stephanie Kovalchik 1 / 46 2 / 46 3 / 46 4 / 46 5 / 46 6 / 46 7 / 46 How Do We Make Match Forecasts? 8 / 46 It Starts with Player Ratings Assume the the ith player has some true ability θi. Models of player abilities assume game outcomes are a function of the difference in abilities Prob(Wij = 1) = F(θi − θj) 9 / 46 Paired Comparison Models Bradley-Terry models are a general class of paired comparison models of latent abilities with a logistic function for win probabilities. 1 F(θi − θj) = 1 + α−(θi−θj) With BT, player abilities are treated as Hxed in time which is unrealistic in most cases. 10 / 46 Bobby Fischer 11 / 46 Fischer's Meteoric Rise 12 / 46 Arpad Elo 13 / 46 In His Own Words 14 / 46 Ability is a Moving Target 15 / 46 Standard Elo Can be broken down into two steps: 1. Estimate (E-Step) 2. Update (U-Step) 16 / 46 Standard Elo E-Step For tth match of player i against player j, the chance that player i wins is estimated as, 1 W^ ijt = 1 + 10−(Rit−Rjt)/σ 17 / 46 Elo Derivation Elo supposed that the ratings of any two competitors were independent and normal with shared standard deviation δ. Given this, he likened the chance of a win to the chance of observing a difference in ratings for ratings drawn from the same distribution, 2 Rit − Rjt ∼ N(0, 2δ ) which leads to, Rit − Rjt P(Rit − Rjt > 0) = Φ( ) √2δ and ≈ 1/(1 + 10−(Rit−Rjt)/2δ) Elo's formula was just a hack for the cumulative normal density function.
    [Show full text]
  • Package 'Playerratings'
    Package ‘PlayerRatings’ March 1, 2020 Version 1.1-0 Date 2020-02-28 Title Dynamic Updating Methods for Player Ratings Estimation Author Alec Stephenson and Jeff Sonas. Maintainer Alec Stephenson <[email protected]> Depends R (>= 3.5.0) Description Implements schemes for estimating player or team skill based on dynamic updating. Implemented methods include Elo, Glicko, Glicko-2 and Stephenson. Contains pdf documentation of a reproducible analysis using approximately two million chess matches. Also contains an Elo based method for multi-player games where the result is a placing or a score. This includes zero-sum games such as poker and mahjong. LazyData yes License GPL-3 NeedsCompilation yes Repository CRAN Date/Publication 2020-03-01 15:50:06 UTC R topics documented: aflodds . .2 elo..............................................3 elom.............................................5 fide .............................................7 glicko . .9 glicko2 . 11 hist.rating . 13 kfide............................................. 14 kgames . 15 krating . 16 kriichi . 17 1 2 aflodds metrics . 17 plot.rating . 19 predict.rating . 20 riichi . 22 steph . 23 Index 26 aflodds Australian Football Game Results and Odds Description The aflodds data frame has 675 rows and 9 variables. It shows the results and betting odds for 675 Australian football games played by 18 teams from 26th March 2009 until 24th June 2012. Usage aflodds Format This data frame contains the following columns: Date A date object showing the date of the game. Week The number of weeks since 25th March 2009. HomeTeam The home team name. AwayTeam The away team name. HomeScore The home team score. AwayScore The home team score. Score A numeric vector giving the value one, zero or one half for a home win, an away win or a draw respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Intrinsic Chess Ratings 1 Introduction
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Central Archive at the University of Reading Intrinsic Chess Ratings Kenneth W. Regan ∗ Guy McC. Haworth University at Buffalo University of Reading, UK February 12, 2011 Abstract This paper develops and tests formulas for representing playing strength at chess by the quality of moves played, rather than the results of games. Intrinsic quality is estimated via evaluations given by computer chess programs run to high depth, ideally whose playing strength is sufficiently far ahead of the best human players as to be a “relatively omniscient” guide. Several formulas, each having intrinsic skill parameters s for “sensitivity” and c for “competence,” are argued theoretically and tested by regression on large sets of tournament games played by humans of varying strength as measured by the internationally standard Elo rating system. This establishes a correspondence between Elo rating and the parame- ters. A smooth correspondence is shown between statistical results and the century points on the Elo scale, and ratings are shown to have stayed quite constant over time (i.e., little or no “inflation”). By modeling human players of various strengths, the model also enables distributional prediction to detect cheating by getting com- puter advice during games. The theory and empirical results are in principle trans- ferable to other rational-choice settings in which the alternatives have well-defined utilities, but bounded information and complexity constrain the perception of the utilitiy values. 1 Introduction Player strength ratings in chess and other games of strategy are based on the results of games, and are subject to both luck when opponents blunder and drift in the player pool.
    [Show full text]
  • Alberto Santini Monte Dei Paschi Di Siena Outline
    Chess betting odds Alberto Santini Monte dei Paschi di Siena Outline ● What is chess-bet? ● Chess rating, expected score, team events, odds. ● Anatomy of chess-bet app. ● How to build a Shiny app. ● A few hours (!?) later... What is chess-bet? chess-bet is a web app, implementing a model to calculate the odds for the players and the teams in chess events. With R and Shiny. Credits to Peter Zhdanov Team events: beating the bookmakers?! Chess rating and expected score The Elo rating system is a method for calculating the relative skill levels of players in two-player games such as chess. It is named after its creator Arpad Elo, a Hungarian-born American physics professor. Expected score: source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elo_rating_system Team events and odds Usually there are two teams composed of four chess players each. This is typical for the Chess Olympiad, World Team Chess Championship and other important events. How high is the probability that team A will win? How probable is a draw? Team B’s victory? Anatomy of chess-bet app 1. Calculate the rating differences on each board and find out the expected score of the player. 2. Find out the expected probability of a win, draw and loss in each game. 3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 for all the four boards in the team. 4. Then calculate the probabilities of all the outcomes of Team 1’s victories (and draws) and add them up. Model details - I Score EloExpectedScore <- function(rating1, rating2) { 1 / (1 + 10 ^ ((rating2 - rating1) / 400)) } Game probability getProb <- function(score, winPerc, drawPerc) { x <- score / (winPerc + 0.5 * drawPerc) win <- winPerc * x draw <- (score - win) * 2 loss <- 1 - win - draw c(win, draw, loss) } Model details - II Player profile getPlayerProfile <- function(player) { fideRatingsUrl <- "http://ratings.fide.com/search.phtml?search=" playerUrl <- paste(fideRatingsUrl, "'", player, "'", sep="") tables <- readHTMLTable(playerUrl) table <- tables[[1]] card <- getIntegerfromFactor(table[6, 1]) player <- as.character(table[6, 2]) rating <- getIntegerfromFactor(table[6, 7]) ..
    [Show full text]
  • System Requirements Recommended Hardware Supported Hardware
    System Requirements • IBM AT or Compatibles • Machine: 386SX 16 MHz or faster • Hard drive installation (11 MB free) • 640K Base RAM (590,000 bytes) and 2048K EMS free • 3.5” 1.44MB high density floppy drive • Operating System: DOS 5.0 or higher • Graphics: VGA • Sound: Soundcard Recommended Hardware • 486DX • Mouse • SoundBlaster or Pro Audio Spectrum Supported Hardware • Adlib and Roland INSTALLING Gambit Gambit comes on five high density 3.5 inch disks. To install Gambit on your hard drive, follow these instructions: 1. Boot your computer with MS-DOS (Version 5.0 or higher). 2. Place Disk 1 into a high density disk drive. Type the name of the disk drive (example: a:) and press Enter. 3. Type INSTALL and press Enter. The main menu of the install program appears. Press Enter to begin the installation process. 4. When Disk 1 has been installed, the program requests Disk 2. Remove Disk 1 from the floppy drive, insert Disk 2, and press Enter. 5. Follow the above process until you have installed all five disks. The Main Menu appears. Select Configure Digital Sound Device from the Main Menu and press Enter. Now choose your sound card by scrolling to it with the highlight bar and pressing Enter. Note: You may have to set the Base Address, IRQ and DMA channel manually by pressing “C” in the Sound Driver Selection menu. After you’ve chosen your card, press Enter. 6. Select Configure Music Sound Device from the Main Menu and press Enter. Now choose your music card by scrolling to it with the highlight bar and pressing Enter.
    [Show full text]