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Research Proposal on Melka Wakena Hydropower Project

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Research Proposal on Melka Wakena Hydropower Project Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Institute of Technology Civil and Environmental Engineering Department Optimal Reservoir operations on water resource projects at Wabi Shebelle river basin A thesis submitted and presented to the school of graduate studies of Addis Ababa University in partial fulfillment of the degree of Masters of Science in Civil Engineering (Major Hydraulics Engineering) By Amir Abdulhamid Advisor Dr.Ing. Dereje Hailu Addis Ababa University Ethiopia October, 2017 2017 Declaration and copy right I, Amir Abdulhamid Kiyar, declare that this is my own original work and that it has not been presented and will not be presented to any other University for similar or any degree award. _____________________________ Signature ______________________________ Date This dissertation is a copyright material protected under the Berne Convention, the Copy right Act, 1999 and other international and national enactments in the behalf, on the intellectual property. It may not be produced by any means in full or in part, except for short extracts in fair dealing, for research or private study, Critical scholarly review or disclosure with an acknowledgement, without written permission of the School of Graduate Studies, on the behalf of both the author and the Addis Ababa University. i 2017 Acknowledgement I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my major advisor, Dr.Ing. Dereje Hailu for his close friendship, professional assistance, genuine and valuable criticism all the way from the outset to the completion of the study. I would like to thank all staffs in the Ministry of Water, Irrigation and Energy especially to those staffs in the Departments of Hydrology and GIS, National Metrological Agency and Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation, for providing me with related materials. I am very grateful to the School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Institute of Technology, Addis Ababa University, for facilitating my work. I would like to thank all of Hydraulics Engineering department staffs who gave me the post-graduate courses. I must extend special thanks to all my families and relatives, for there consistence support, concern and encouragement throughout my studies. Especially My mother has a very special role in motivating me to do this thesis. Last but not least, my sincere thanks are also to all my friends and colleagues who directly or indirectly contributed for the success of both my course and thesis work. ii 2017 Abstract Wabi Shebelle River Basin is one of the twelve river basins in Ethiopia with catchment area of 202,697 Km2 and covering parts of the regions Oromia, Harari, Somali and a small area at the source of the Wabe River in SNNPE. Wabi Shebelle river basin has an estimated potential irrigable land of 237,905 and hydropower potential of 5,440 GWh/year is expected to contribute about 3.48% of the total estimated potential of the country. In this study, HEC-ResSim (Hydrologic Engineering Center-Reservoir System Simulation) model was used to simulate reservoirs operation to optimize water for hydropower energy production, flood management as well as environmental flows. To control the model, two scenarios were simulated via scenario one (Baseline Scenario) and scenario two (future development scenario) based the project implementation period to incorporate the parameters that may influence flow requirements at a reservoir include hydrology conditions and simultaneous operation by other reservoirs in a system. The model was attempted to represent the physical behavior of reservoirs in the basin with its hydrologic routing to represent the lag and attenuation of flows through the main and tributaries of the river. Hence, the model results suggest that the new reservoir operation rule selected, and its reservoir and power guide curves established for modeling of the dams and reservoirs operation enhances average energy production of the plant by 13% and also the study evaluate the effect of Erer and Gololcha irrigation project on Gode, results reveal that the new operation system will decrease water availability in the dry season by 4.07 and decrease flooding in the wet season by 9.5%. Overall the study has determined the new reservoir operation system will evenly allocate and release the available water in real time during day-to-day and emergency operations throughout the year. Table of Content iii 2017 Declaration and copy right ............................................................................................................... i Acknowledgement .......................................................................................................................... ii Abstract .......................................................................................................................................... iii List of Figure................................................................................................................................ viii List of Table ................................................................................................................................... xi Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................ xii Units .............................................................................................................................................. xii 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Background .......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2. Statement of the problem:-................................................................................................... 3 1.3. Significance of the study:- ................................................................................................... 5 1.4. Objective of the study:- ........................................................................................................ 6 1.4.1. General Objectives:- ..................................................................................................... 6 1.4.2. Specific Objectives:- ..................................................................................................... 6 1.5 Structure of the Thesis .......................................................................................................... 7 2. LITERATURES REVIEW ........................................................................................................ 8 2.1 Hydropower and irrigation schemes development in the Shebelle Basin ............................. 8 2.2 Decision Making Technologies in Water Resource Management ........................................ 9 2.3 Reservoir operation ............................................................................................................. 10 2.3.1 Reservoir Rule Curve ................................................................................................... 11 2.4 Effect of Reservoir Operation on Flooding at Downstream of Dams ................................ 13 2.4.1 Regulation Rules for Flood Control Storage Capacity ................................................ 13 2.4.2 Regulation Based on Downstream Flow Rates ............................................................ 14 2.5 Irrigation Scheduling .......................................................................................................... 15 2.5.1 Water balance and Crop management ......................................................................... 15 2.6 Reservoir System Analysis Models .................................................................................... 16 2.6.1 Optimization .............................................................................................................. 16 iv 2017 2.6.1.1 Linear programming ................................................................................................. 16 2.6.1.2 Dynamic programming ............................................................................................. 17 2.6.2 Simulation .................................................................................................................... 17 2.7 Combined Simulation-Optimization Model ....................................................................... 18 2.8 Review of Reservoir Simulation Modeling ........................................................................ 19 2.9 The Reservoir operation simulation model (HEC-ResSim) ............................................... 21 2.9.1. Reservoir Operation Rule in HEC-ResSim................................................................. 24 2.9.1.1 Downstream Control Function Rule in HEC-ResSim .............................................. 25 2.9.1.2 Hydropower Reservoir Operation Rules ................................................................... 27 2.9.3 Studies using Hec-ResSim Models .............................................................................. 27 2.10 Previous Study in the Basin .............................................................................................. 28 2.10.1 BCEOM-EDF-ORSTOM-1974 ................................................................................. 28 2.10.2 WAPCOS (I) Ltd. ...................................................................................................... 28 2.10.3 BECOM-ORSTOM, 1971 ........................................................................................
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