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Medicine Lake National Wildlife Refuge Lamesteer National Wildlife Refuge

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Medicine Lake National Wildlife Refuge Lamesteer National Wildlife Refuge MEDICINE LAKE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE LAMESTEER NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Medicine Lake, Montana ANNUAL NARRATIVE REPORT Calendar Year 1983 U. S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE SYSTEM MDL-1983 Photo by: SPB A Personnel 1. Eugene D. Stroops, Refuge Manager GS-12 PET 2. Steven P. Brock, Assistant Refuge Manager GS-9 PET 3. Frances K. Larson, Refuge Assistant GS-5 PET A. Kermit E. Bolstad, Automotive Mechanic WG-10 PET 5. John E. Snellman, Maintenance Worker WG-8 PET 6. Carl S. Kampen, Maintenance Worker WG-7 PPT 7. Dennis C. Nelson, Motor Vehicle Operator WG-6 PPT / Reviews and Approvals (gA ^3/W Submitted by: Date Regional Office Review STUDENT VOLUNTEERS MDL - 1983 Photo by: SPB Michael Raassaka Scot Cline YCC SUMMER HELP Sandi Bolstad Victor Iverson Monica Nielsen Ted Tronson Paul Reuter Robert Kirby • TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION 1 A. HIGHLIGHTS 2 B. CLIMATIC CONDITIONS 3 C. LAND ACQUISITIONS 1. Fee Title Nothing to report 2. Easement Nothing to report 3. Other Nothing to report D. PLANNING 1. Master Plan Nothing to report 2. Management Plan 3 3. Public Participation Nothing to report 4. Compliance with Environmental Mandates 3 5. Research and Investigations 3 E. ADMINISTRATION 1. Personnel 4 2. Youth Programs 5 3. Other Manpower Programs Nothing to report 4. Volunteers Program 6 5. Funding 6 6. Safety 7 7. Technical Assistance Nothing to report 8. Other Items Nothing to report F. HABITAT MANAGEMENT 1. General 7 2. Wetlands 8 3. Forests Nothing to report 4. Croplands 10 5. Grasslands 12 6. Other Habitats Nothing to report 7. Grazing 13 8. Haying 13 9. Fire Management Nothing to report 10. Pest Control 13 11. Water Rights 14 12. Wilderness and Special Areas 14 13. WPA Easement Monitoring Nothing to report G. WILDLIFE 1. Wildlife Diversity 15 2. Endangered and/or Threatened Species 16 3. Waterfowl 16 G. WILDLIFE (Cont.) A. Marsh and Water Birds 20 5. Shorebirds, Gulls, Terns and Allied Species 21 6. Raptors 22 7. Other Migratory Birds 22 8. Game Mammals 22 9. Marine Mammals Nothing to report 10. Other Resident Wildlife 23 11. Fisheries Resources 25 12. Wildlife Propogation and Stocking Nothing to report 13. Surplus Animal Disposal Nothing to report 14. Scientific Collections - 26 15. Animal Control Nothing to report 16. Marking and Banding .,>26 17. Disease Prevention and Control 27 B. PUBLIC USE 1. General 28 2. Outdoor Classrooms - Students Nothing to report 3. Outdoor Classrooms - Teachers Nothing to report 4. Interpretive Foot Trails Nothing to report 5. Interpretive Tour Routes 28 6. Interpretive Exhibits/Demonstrations Nothing to report 7. Other Interpretive Programs 28 8. Hunting 29 9. Fishing 30 10. Trapping 30 11. Wildlife Observation 31 12. Other Wildlife Oriented Recreation Nothing.to.report 31 13. Camping Nothing to report 14. Picnicking 31 15. Off-Road Vehicling Nothing to report 16. Other Non-Wildlife Oriented Recreation Nothing to report 17. Law Enforcement 31 18. Cooperating Associations Nothing to report 19. Concessions Nothing to report ' I. EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES 1. New Construction 31 2. Rehabilitation 33 3. Major Maintenance 34 4. Equipment Utilization and Replacement 34 5. Communications Systems 35 6. Energy Conservation 36 7. Other Nothing,to .report J. OTHER ITEMS 1. Cooperative Programs Nothing to report 2. Items of Interest 36 3. Credits 37 K. FEEDBACK 1. Lamesteer National Wildlife Refuge 1 / INTRODUCTION MEDICINE LAKE NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Medicine Lake National Wildlife Refuge is situated on the glaciated rolling plains in the far northeast corner of Montana. It is located in Sheridan and Roosevelt Counties. This refuge lies in the highly productive prairie pothole region and has relief typical of the glacial drift prairie with relatively gently rolling plains with occasional shallow depressions. This is basically a prairie refuge located in the transition zone between the mixed grass and short grass prairie. Native brush species consisting primarily of chokechdrry, buffalo berry, and snowberry are common in coulees and sandhill areap. Trees are very few on the refuge and are generally shelterbelt speice^ and occasional cottonwood. J The climate is typical of the northern great plains, with warm summers and cold winters and marked variations in seasonal precipitation. Precipitation averages 12 - 15 inches per year. Temperatures can exceed 100*F in the summer and drop to -A5*F in the winter. Spring is generally the windiest period, with velocity of 20 mph occurring about 15 percent of the time. Winds may occasionally exceed 50 mph during fall and winter with passing weather systems. The refuge encompasses 31,457 acres which includes 13,546 acres of open water and marsh, 14,354 acres of grasslands, and 3,557 acres of cultivated lands (primarily former croplands). Surrounding private ground is intensively farmed for small grain. The refuge lies within the Williston Oil Basin, which is one of the most active oil basins in the lower 48 states. Oil exploration and development is widespread on surrounding private lands. No exploration or development has occurred on the refuge. The refuge was established in 1935 by Presidential Executive Order with the primary purpose being to provide waterfowl production and migrational habitat. In 1937, a Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC) set up camp on the refuge and 180 men began work. During the camp's four years of operation, many conservation projects were undertaken including dams, dikes, shelterbelts and fences. In addition, many of the refuge roads and buildings were constructed. The 11,360 acre Medicine Lake Wilderness Area was established by Congress in 1976. This area includes the main water body of the lake and the islands within. Also included is the 2,320 acre Sandhills Unit with its unique rolling hills, native grass and brush species. 2. A. HIGHLIGHTS The winter of 1982-83 was extremely mild and produced virtually no snowpack. The remainder of the year was extremely dry with only 8.15 inches of precipitation for the entire year. (Section B) The extensive hydrological study of northeastern Montana ground water resources continued into 1983. (Section D.5) The Youth Conservation Corp completed it's second very successful year with six enrollees. (Section E.4) Heavy summer thunderstorms provided heavy run-off in Cottonwood and Sand Creek drainages. The rapid rise in water levels triggered an avian botulism outbreak in Gaffney Lake. (Section F.2 and G.17). / Breeser Dam was re-worked and riprapped in 1983. (Section F.2 and 1.1),-' Sayer Bay Dam was completed under contract. (Section F.2 and 1.1) Experimental no-till winter wheat cooperative farming is initiated on 74 acres of the refuge. (Section F.4) Rare sighting of a white phase gyrfalcon was made in January. (Section G.6) Mid-winter white-tailed deer population reaches all-time high. (Section G.8) Fisheries biologists from Valley City, North Dakota sampled the fisheries populations in late May. Their findings showed a fair population of northern pike. (Section G.ll) Avian botulism was not as severe-in 1983 compared to the previous year. Only 844 birds picked up compared to 5,050 in 1982. (Section G.17) Airborne hunting incident resolved with plea bargain settlement of $5,000 fine and forfeiture of two shotguns. (Section H.17) The new BLHP service building was completed in March. (Section 1.1) Nine waterfowl nesting islands were constructed on Homestead Lake with force account labor. (Section 1.1) / B. CLIMATIC CONDITIONS The year of 1983 could be summerized as extremely mild and dry. The winter months of January, February and March produced no significant snowpack. Temperatures ranged well above normal for these winter months with temperatures reaching A5* on January 12th. The average evening low temperature for January was only 11*F and February was 16*F. Medicine Lake became ice-free on April 18, which is about normal. The lake was again frozen completely on November 22, which was about two weeks later than normal. A winter storm, of mixed blessings, arrived on May 12 and 13. This storm with 35 mph winds dropped about 12 inches of very wet snow, 1/1/2 inches of precipitation. This storm arrived just after most small grain fields and DNC fields in the area were seeded. This country was in dire need of some spring moisture and this storm brought it. It produced the majoritV of the spring run-off and brought all refuge impoundments to capacity. However, Canada geese and early nesting ducks were actively nesting and this storm certainly had a negative impact on their success. Total precipitation for the year was only 8,15 inches, only 57% of the normal 1A.18 inches. The great majority of this precipitation came in small amounts which quickly evaporated. A low temperature of -A6* F on December 23 and a high of 105*F on July 1A and 15 was recorded for the year. This is a 151* F difference in one year! D. PLANNING 2. Management Plan The Fire Management Plan was written in draft and submitted to the Regional Office for recommendations and approval. The Annual Water Management Plan was completed. This plan includes a summary of 1982 Water Use and recommendations for 1983 usage. 4. Compliance with Environmental Mandates An environmental assessment for prescribed burning of native grasslands, tame grass fields and marsh vegetation was completed. 5. Research and Investigations Medicine Lake NR83 - Hydrology of Northeast Montana - Emphasis on Groundwater Development and Conservation. An extensive hydrological study of northeastern Montana ground water resources was started in 1982 and continued in 1983. This study is being conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology. Funding is in cooperation with the local, state, and federal agencies and water users who will benefit from the project.
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