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North Dakota Strategic Freight Planning Analysis Phase I: 2006-2008

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North Dakota Strategic Freight Planning Analysis Phase I: 2006-2008 North Dakota Strategic Freight Planning Analysis Phase I: 2006-2008 Prepared for North Dakota Department of Transportation Mark Berwick Mark Lofgren Tamara VanWechel Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute North Dakota State University Fargo, North Dakota October 2009 Disclaimer The contents presented in this report are the sole responsibility of the Upper Great Plains Transportation Institute and the authors. North Dakota State University does not discriminate on the basis of age, color, disability, gender identity, marital status, national origin, public assistance status, sex, sexual orientation, status as a U.S. veteran, race or religion. Direct inquiries to the Vice President for Equity, Diversity and Global Outreach, 205 Old Main, (701)231-7708. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION TO FREIGHT AND THE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM ........................... 1 1.1 The Transportation System .............................................................................................................. 3 1.1.1 Highways ................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1.2 Railroads .................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.3 Air 8 1.1.4 Pipelines .................................................................................................................................... 9 1.2 Freight Transportation ................................................................................................................... 11 1.3 The Importance of Freight ............................................................................................................. 11 1.4 Transportation Gateways ............................................................................................................... 13 1.5 Characteristics of Freight in North Dakota .................................................................................... 16 1.5.1 Clustering of Facilities ............................................................................................................ 16 1.5.2 Dynamics of Less-Than-Truckload (LTL) Movements .......................................................... 17 1.5.3 Primary Transportation Mode ................................................................................................. 17 2. NORTH DAKOTA FREIGHT MOVEMENTS .............................................................................. 19 2.1 North Dakota Freight Generators and Potential Freight Generators .............................................. 19 2.2 North Dakota Overall Freight Movements: Freight Analysis Framework .................................... 22 2.2.1 Air 27 2.2.2 Pipeline .................................................................................................................................... 28 2.2.3 Rail .......................................................................................................................................... 29 2.2.4 Truck ....................................................................................................................................... 31 2.2.5 Truck and Rail ......................................................................................................................... 32 2.2.6 All Modes ................................................................................................................................ 32 2.2.7 Air 34 2.2.8 Pipeline .................................................................................................................................... 35 2.2.9 Rail .......................................................................................................................................... 36 2.2.10 Truck ................................................................................................................................. 37 2.2.11 Truck and Rail .................................................................................................................. 38 2.2.12 Other ................................................................................................................................. 39 2.2.13 All Modes ......................................................................................................................... 40 2.3 North Dakota’s Truck Transportation Movements ........................................................................ 41 2.3.1 North Dakota Regional Truck Freight ..................................................................................... 41 2.4 North Dakota’s Railroads .............................................................................................................. 50 2.5 North Dakota’s Elevator System and Agricultural Freight Movements ........................................ 51 2.5.1 Side Track or Loading Track Capacity ................................................................................... 52 2.5.2 Shuttle Train Elevators ............................................................................................................ 52 2.5.3 BNSF Railway Requirements ................................................................................................. 52 2.5.4 CPR Requirements .................................................................................................................. 52 2.5.5 Spring Load Restrictions ......................................................................................................... 55 2.5.6 Agricultural Movements .......................................................................................................... 56 2.5.7 North Dakota’s Containerized Intermodal Freight .................................................................. 58 3. SAFETY AND SECURITY AND POTENTIAL OBSTACLES TO NORTH DAKOTA FREIGHT MOVEMENTS ................................................................................................................ 61 3.1 Hazardous Freight Generation and Security Requirements ........................................................... 62 3.2 Roles and Responsibilities of Freight Systems Key Players .......................................................... 63 4. CONCLUSIONS ................................................................................................................................. 73 APPENDIX A. LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................ A-1 APPENDIX B. NORTH DAKOTA FREIGHT DATA AND ECONOMIC EMPLOYMENT CHARATERISTICS ........................................................................................................................ B-1 APPENDIX C. NORTH DAKOTA – CANADA TRADE DATA ..................................................... C-1 APPENDIX D. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS FREIGHT-RAIL BOTTOM LINE ................................... D-1 APPENDIX E. GLOBAL INSIGHT-TRANSEARCH DATABASE INFORMATION .................. E-1 APPENDIX F. INTERMODAL DEFINITION AND STUDY FINDINGS ....................................... F-1 APPENDIX G: PUBLIC- PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN TRANSPORTATION ........................ G-1 APPENDIX H. FREIGHT ANALYSIS FRAMEWORK MAPS-TRUCK FLOWS ........................ H-1 APPENDIX I. TRUCK TRAVEL SCENARIOS FOR REGIONAL HIGHWAYS (June 2005) ..... I-1 APPENDIX J. MULTISTATE PERMIT AGREEMENTS ................................................................. J-1 LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1 Freight Transfers Among Modes ................................................................................................. 2 Table 1.2 North Dakota Railroad System Mileage (2005) .......................................................................... 7 Table 1.3 Performance Characteristics of Transportation Modes .............................................................. 15 Table 2.1 North Dakota Trade with Canada in 2006 ................................................................................. 23 Table 2.2 North Dakota Shipments by Ton and Value .............................................................................. 26 Table 2.3 Top Commodities Originated by Railroads in North Dakota During 2003 ............................... 30 Table 2.4 Top Commodities Terminated by Railroads in North Dakota During 2003 .............................. 30 Table 2.5 Average Daily Trucks on Identified Highway Segments .......................................................... 47 Table 2.6 North Dakota Railroad System Mileage, 2005 .......................................................................... 51 Table 3.1 State DOT Partners for Transportation Security ........................................................................ 65 Table 3.2 Functional Annex Chart ............................................................................................................. 68 Table 3.3 Engineering & Public Works Emergency Operations Plan for the City of Fargo ..................... 70 Table A.1 Other State Freight Plans Matrix ............................................................................................ A-3 Table B.1 Existing Freight-Related Data Sources ................................................................................... B-1 Table B.2 Industry Gross State Product (Millions of Current Dollars) ................................................... B-2 Table B.3 Industry Key-Complete Category Names
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