REHABILITATION AND IMPROVEMENT PROJECT (P089985) TF0A9856

Japan-World Bank Annual Consultations 9 January 2020, Tokyo

Jun Matsumoto Senior Water Resources Management Specialist World Bank PRESENTATION STRUCTURE

• Strategic Objectives • Background and Context • Development Rationale • Leveraging Japanese Knowledge and Experiences • Project Activities and Achievements • Key Factors Affecting Implementation and Outcomes • Future Activities • Lessons Learned and Recommendations PRESENTATION STRUCTURE

Strategic Objectives Japan-World Bank Program for Mainstreaming Disaster Risk Management in Developing Countries:

• aimed at mainstreaming disaster risk management (DRM) into national development planning and investment programs, including through World Bank country strategies and operations. • The Program also strives to connect Japanese and global expertise in DRM with developing countries.

India’s Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project:

• Improve safety and operational performance of selected , along with institutional strengthening with system wide management approach. PRESENTATION STRUCTURE

BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT INTRODUCTION LARGE DAMS WORLDWIDE (TOP 8 )

Canada 1170 (6) China Spain 23842 (1) 1063 (8)

USA Japan 9261 (2) 3112 (4) 5701 (3)

South Africa Brazil 1114 (7) 1411 (5) AGE OF INDIAN LARGE DAMS

2 5 T o 5 0 < 25 YEARS YEARS 1186 Nos. 2982 Nos. 55 %

22 % 16 % 5 %

> 1 0 0 YEARS 293 Nos. 5 0 T o 1 0 0 YEARS 878 Nos. DAM FAILURES IN INDIA

1991 -2001 2001 -2019 03 1981 - 1990 12 01

03 ✓ 39 dam failures reported. 1971 - 1980 03 Up to 1950 07 10 ✓ Machchu II dam failure (Gujarat) in 1979 killed 2,000 people. 1961 - 1970 1951 - 1960 PRESENTATION STRUCTURE

DEVELOPMENT RATIONALE DRIP - Key Chronological Events

D e c e m b e r, J a n u a r y , J u n e , Original J u n e , R e v i s e d Signing of Consultancy Contract Project Closing Project Closing A g r e e m e n t Effectiveness D a t e D a t e

2011 2012 2014 2018 2020

M a y , D e c e m b e r , D e c e m b e r , EFC Approval A p r i l , O r i g i n a l R e v i s e d D R I P Consultancy Consultancy Effectiveness Closing Date Closing Date Key Chronological Events DRIP BRIEF SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Improve safety and operational performance of selected dams, along with institutional SCHEME strengthening with system wide management State Sector with Central Component approach

TIMELINE OVERALL SUPERVISION Original 6 years (April 2012-June Central Water Commission (CWC) 2018), two years extension with revised closure June 2020.

PROJECT COMPONENTS BUDGET 3 Project Components Original US $ 437.5 M with World I: Rehabilitation Bank assistance of US $ 279.5 M, II: Institutional Strengthening Revised Cost US $ 533 M, World t III: Project Management Bank assistance to the tune of US $ 416.5 M with modified funding pattern WORLD BANK RATING SCALE Satisfactory 7 States, 8 State Agencies and two Central Agencies 198 dam projects DRIP BRIEF SUMMARY ANNUAL EXPENDITURES COST DETAILS W O R L D B A N K US $ 416 M S T A T E S GOVERNMENTS US $ 118 M

C E N T R A L GOVERNMENT US $ 14 M Leveraging Japanese Knowledge and Experience With technical support from Japan Water Agency

• Development a framework for Emergency Action Plan

• Prepare Inspection Manual for Dam Field Engineers after Seismic Events including check list and standard operating procedure. - Ichari Dam located in State (Himalayan Region)

- Concrete Gravity Dam commissioned in 1972

- Earthquake Zone -4

- Dam managed by Uttarakahand Jal Vidyut Nigam Ltd (UJVNL) Development a framework for Emergency Action Plan

- Complex Institutional set-up: involvement of multiple agencies

- Coordination at Central and State government levels

- Reliable and timely flow of information

- Technical capacity of Dam Engineers in assessing the damages Framework for Emergency Action Plan

Execution of Emergency Plan Inspections by Dam Engineers Collaboration with Japan Water Agency Manual for Immediate i n s p e c t i o n

Check List

Manual for Quick Check

18 Collaboration with Japan Water Agency Manual for Immediate inspection

Manual for Civil Manual for Mech. Manual for E&T

19 Collaboration with Japan Water Agency Mock exercise based on the O&M Manual for Seismic Events Collaboration with Japan Water Agency P o s t - seismic drill and JWA d a m s i t e v i s i t Collaboration with Japan Water Agency India Dam safety: Post Earthquake Inspection

• Ichari Dam • Type : Concrete Gravity Dam • Height : 59.25m • Owner : UJVNL • Opening date:1972

22 Project Activities and Achievements

23 COMPONENT I: ACHIEVEMENTS

STRUCTURAL SAFETY

BASIC FACILITIES NON-STRUCTURAL REHABILITATION MEASURES AND IMPROVEMENT

INSTRUMENTATION DESILTATION

HYDROLOGICAL SAFETY COMPONENT I: ACHIEVEMENTS

REHABILITATION AND IMPROVEMENT

STRUCTURAL BASIC INSTRUMENTATION HYDROLOGICAL DESILTATION NON- SAFETY FACILITIES SAFETY STRUCTURAL MEASURES COMPONENT I: ACHIEVEMENTS

PROJECTS = 198 175 85 89 3 198

REHABILITATION AND IMPROVEMENT

STRUCTURAL BASIC INSTRUMENTATION HYDROLOGICAL DESILTATION NON- SAFETY FACILITIES SAFETY STRUCTURAL MEASURES STRUCTURAL SAFETY

Grouting of Masonry/Concrete Dams 31 Repair of Sluice Structure 35 U/S Face Treatment with UV Resistant Mortar 43 Reaming of Porous/Foundation Drains 52 Earth Dam Re-sectioning STRUCTURAL 79 SAFETY Spillway Components BASIC NON- FACILITIES 101 STRUCTURAL REHABILITATION MEASURES AND H-M Gates IMPROVEMENT 139 INSTRUMENTATION Embankment Slope Protection and Drainage DESILTATION 139

HYDROLOGICAL SAFETY Most Common Interventions H-M Gates

Embankment Slope Protection and Drainage

Before After U/S Face Treatment with UV Resistant Mortar

Spillway Components

Before After Geomembrane U/S Face

D/S & U/S Face Pointing

Before After Automation of Gates

Additional Spillway

Before After Energy Dissipation

Chute Construction

Before After BASIC FACILITIES

Access Roads

155 Security Facilities Dams

STRUCTURAL SAFETY

BASIC NON- FACILITIES STRUCTURAL REHABILITATION 50 MEASURES AND IMPROVEMENT

INSTRUMENTATION Standby DG, Dewatering Pumps 68 DESILTATION

HYDROLOGICAL SAFETY BASIC FACILITIES

INSTRUMENTATION

STRUCTURAL SAFETY

BASIC NON- FACILITIES STRUCTURAL REHABILITATION MEASURES AND IMPROVEMENT

INSTRUMENTATION

DESILTATION

HYDROLOGICAL SAFETY INSTRUMENTATION

HYDROLOGICAL SAFETY

PARAPET WALLS ADDIT . SPILLWAY 79 Nos. / FUSE PLUGS 9 Nos.

STRUCTURAL SAFETY

BASIC NON- FACILITIES STRUCTURAL REHABILITATION MEASURES AND HEIGHTENING IMPROVEMENT O F D A M

INSTRUMENTATION 9 Nos.

DESILTATION

HYDROLOGICAL SAFETY DESILTATION

STRUCTURAL SAFETY

BASIC NON- FACILITIES STRUCTURAL REHABILITATION MEASURES AND IMPROVEMENT

INSTRUMENTATION

DESILTATION

HYDROLOGICAL SAFETY NON - STRUCTURAL MEASURES

• Preparation of Emergency Action Plans and Operation and Maintenance Manuals for ALL DRIP projects • Integration of Early Flood Warning and Forecasting Systems • Rule Curve adjustments

STRUCTURAL SAFETY

BASIC NON- FACILITIES STRUCTURAL REHABILITATION MEASURES AND IMPROVEMENT

INSTRUMENTATION

DESILTATION

HYDROLOGICAL SAFETY SEISMIC HAZARD MAPPING

A Seismic Hazard Assessment Information System (SHAISYS) has been developed under DRIP for the Examination of the design aspects from risk assessment point of view estimating the Seismic Hazard at dam sites as per prevailing practices of the National Committee for Seismic Design Parameters

Seismic Hazard Mapping Capacity Building of Logistic & Academic Institutions Infrastructure Support

Dam Safety Guidelines DHARMA DAM SAFETY

Monitoring Meetings INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING CS & QA

Annual Dam Safety Emergency Action Conference Plans

Management Operation & Information Maintenance System Training Manuals Programs DISASTER MITIGATION AND PREPAREDNESS PREPARATION OF O&M MANUALS

• Preparation of two O&M Manuals (model documents) for Almatti and Maithon Dams • 198 O&M Manuals to be published by the end of the Project • Dam Inspection Forms/Checklist

Operation & Maintenance Emergency Manuals Action Plans Training Programs

CS & QA Management Information System DAM SAFETY INSTITUTIONAL DHARMA STRENGTHENING Annual Dam Safety Conference

Logistic & Infrastructure Monitoring Support Meetings

Dam Safety Seismic Hazard Guidelines Mapping Capacity Building of Academic Institutions TRAINING PROGRAMS

• 146 National Trainings with 4600 participants • 5 International Trainings with 100 participants, 5 International Trainings conducted in India • Topics: dam safety management, procurement, risk assessment, site inspection, emergency preparedness, dam breach analysis, hydrology, operations, DHARMA, etc.

Training Operation & Programs Management Maintenance Information System Manuals

Emergency Action Plans Annual Dam Safety Conference DAM SAFETY INSTITUTIONAL CS & QA STRENGTHENING Monitoring Meetings

DHARMA

Dam Safety Guidelines Logistic & Infrastructure Capacity Building of Support Seismic Hazard Academic Institutions Mapping MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (MIS)

• Dam Safety Website www.damsafety.in • Two dedicated and customized MIS tools (COMANCH & SIUX) for document management and quality control • Development of templates (specifications, reports, maps, presentations, etc.)

Management Information System Training Annual Dam Safety Programs Conference

Operation & Monitoring Maintenance Manuals Meetings DAM SAFETY

Emergency INSTITUTIONAL Action Plans Dam Safety STRENGTHENING Guidelines

CS & QA Capacity Building of Academic Institutions

DHARMA Logistic & Seismic Hazard Infrastructure Mapping Support ANNUAL DAM SAFETY CONFERENCES

• 3 National and 2 international Dam Safety Conferences • Japan Water Agency has been presenting key notes during the Conferences. • More than 300 technical papers presented and more than 1300 delegates in last 2 international conferences

Annual Dam Safety Management Conference Monitoring Information Meetings System Dam Safety Guidelines

Training Programs DAM SAFETY INSTITUTIONAL Capacity Building of STRENGTHENING Academic Institutions Operation & Maintenance Manuals Seismic Hazard Mapping

Emergency Action Plans Logistic & Infrastructure Support CS & QA DHARMA MONITORING MECHANISMS

• 14 World Bank Review Missions • 23 Technical Committee Meetings • 9 National Level Steering Committee Meeting

Monitoring Meetings Dam Safety Annual Dam Guidelines Safety Conference Capacity Building of Academic Institutions Management Information System DAM SAFETY INSTITUTIONAL Seismic Hazard STRENGTHENING Mapping Training Programs

Logistic & Infrastructure Operation & Support Maintenance Manuals

DHARMA Emergency Action Plans CS & QA DAM SAFETY GUIDELINES AND MANUALS

• 12 National Dam Safety Guidelines (8 published to date) • 3 National Dam Safety Manuals (2 published to date) • 2 customized Inspection Manuals after Seismic Events for Ichari and Maithon dams

Dam Safety Guidelines Monitoring Meetings Capacity Building of Academic Institutions

Annual Dam Safety Conference Seismic Hazard DAM SAFETY Mapping INSTITUTIONAL Management Information System STRENGTHENING Logistic & Infrastructure Support

Training Programs

DHARMA

Operation & CS & QA Maintenance Manuals Emergency Action Plans CAPACITY BUILDING OF SELECTED ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS • Till date 10 Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) have been signed with Selected Academic Institutions to ensure the in-house capacity building in the dam safety field

Capacity Building of Dam Safety Academic Seismic Hazard Guidelines Institutions Mapping

Monitoring Logistic & Meetings Infrastructure Support DAM SAFETY INSTITUTIONAL Annual Dam DHARMA Safety Conference STRENGTHENING

CS & QA Management Information System

Emergency Action Plans Training Programs Operation & Maintenance Manuals Key Factors Affecting Implementation and O u t c o m e s

46 KEY CHALLENGES

SOUND PROJECT PLANNING 1 • Slow Expenditure in the initial years resulting in a poor rating • 3 years to appoint Project Management Consultant

DELEGATION OF FINANCIAL POWERS • Tendering & Contract award by Head 700 Total Commitment &Expenditure (TANGEDCO & Quarters 2500 Total Commitment 600 Expenditure • Some Agencies didn’t cope up with 2000 500 Total Commitment overall speed TANGEDCO 1500 400 DVC) • Abnormal delay in preparatory activities Expenditure TANGEDCO 300 & contract documents 1000 Total Commitment DVC 200 Expenditure DVC 185 2 • 500 Delay in payments 100

0 0 Total Commitment & Expenditure (Overall Project) (Overall Expenditure & Commitment Total KEY CHALLENGES

DAMS LOCATED IN FOREST AREAS 3 • Some Projects located in Reserved Forest and Sanctuaries Areas, a challenge to rehabilitate • Contractors not willing to bid due to complexities in taking pertinent permits • Delays in whole rehabilitation process

POOR CAPACITY BUILDING OF FEW AGENCIES • Few Agencies lacked requisite exposure of contract management as well as other technical activities • Lack of synergy among Agency’s wings 4 • Resulted in more legal implications & cost variations Future Activities – DRIP 2

49 DRIP PHASE II & PHASE III - BRIEF SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Improve safety and operational performance of selected dams, along with institutional SCHEME strengthening with system wide management State Sector with Central Component approach

OVERALL SUPERVISION Central Water Commission (CWC) TIMELINE 10 years (April 2020-March 2030), two Phases each of 6 No. DAMS years duration, 2 years overlap 687 dams

Four (4) Project Components BUDGET OUTLAY US$ 1.5 B with World Bank share US$ SCALE 1.0 B, funding pattern; 70:30, 80:20, & 18 States, and two Central Agencies 50:50 DRIP - PHASE II & PHASE III

• 18 States + 2 Central Agencies + 687 dams • 10 years, each phase of 6 years with 2 years overlapping • US$ 1.5 Billion • Four Components

World Bank US$ 1000 M

States US$ 402 M

Central US$ 57 M Project Cost Lessons Learned and Recommendations

52 Lessons Learned and Recommendations

1. JWA’s Experience and knowledge through Japan Exposure Visits • JWA’s experience and knowledge was widely appreciated by India counterparts. • Each visit had specific themes; e.g. sedimentation management, flood forecasting and management system for dam operations – this gave good understanding of the participants on various topics of dam safety 2. Technical Assistance of JWA in the preparation of Manual for Post-seismic activities • Preparation of Manuals as technical assistance activities by JWA was found very useful and practical for the field engineers in the dam safety offices in India. • Mock activities based on the Manual prepared – participated by not only UJVLN engineers but many DRIP engineers from 7 states were very helpful and provided practical technical assistance in post-seismic activities. 3. World Bank’s Water Global Practice has other dam safety programs for JWA’s collaboration • In addition to DRIP project in India, there are other dam safety programs in Sri Lanka, Vietnam and Indonesia presently being financed by the World Bank. • These programs would also require technical assistance and supports from JWA and MLIT counterparts from Japan. Thank you

Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project June 9-14, 2019 p. 54