DOCSLIB.ORG

Berlin and Jerusalem: Toward German-Hebrew Studies Chapter Author(S): Amir Eshel and Na’Ama Rokem

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Berlin and Jerusalem: Toward German-Hebrew Studies Chapter Author(S): Amir Eshel and Na’Ama Rokem De Gruyter Chapter Title: Berlin and Jerusalem: Toward German-Hebrew Studies Chapter Author(s): Amir Eshel and Na’ama Rokem Book Title: The German-Jewish Experience Revisited Book Author(s): the Leo Baeck Institute Jerusalem Book Editor(s): Steven E. Aschheim, Vivian Liska Published by: De Gruyter. (2015) Stable URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctvbkjwr1.18 JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at https://about.jstor.org/terms This book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Funding is provided by Knowledge Unlatched FID Jewish Studies Collection. De Gruyter is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The German-Jewish Experience Revisited This content downloaded from 73.241.144.250 on Tue, 19 May 2020 17:11:30 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Amir Eshel and Na’ama Rokem Berlin and Jerusalem: Toward German-Hebrew Studies This essay provides an initial mapping of the emerging field of German-Hebrew studies. The field encompasses the study of German-Jewish culture, literature, and thought; the cultural and intellectual history of Zionism; modern Hebrew literature; and contemporary Israeli culture. It also includes the broad sphere of intercultural exchange between contemporary Germany and Israel: the extensive work of Israeli artists in Germany; the nascent Hebrew culture in Germany; the extensive translation and reception of Hebrew literature in Germany; the role Israel plays in the German literary and cultural imagination and vice versa; and the role that Germany and its past play in contemporary Israeli cultural, liter- ary, and political discourses. We should not envision German-Hebrew studies as the small area at the intersection of all of these fields, as if charted on a Venn diagram. A mapping of German-Hebrew studies as a field in its own right reveals that it represents more than the sum of these different fields or the sum of what they have in common. The interlinguistic conversation between the two languages dates at least as far back as Moses Mendelssohn’s bilingual authorship and translation work in the late eighteenth century. Mendelssohn’s famous Bible translation – its Hoch- deutsch written in Hebrew characters to make it accessible to the broad Jewish readership – can be seen not only as the start of the Jews’ linguistic assimila- tion into a German-speaking sphere but also as an embodiment of the linguistic hybrids that are created in the encounter between the two languages. Ensuing works often followed Mendelssohn’s example and contained both translation and language mixture. They provide us with a fascinating prism through which to refract Jewish cultural and literary history, tying together different moments and questions in new and often unexpected ways. Mendelssohn’s successors in the Jewish Enlightenment continued through- out the nineteenth century to inhabit a cultural space deeply informed by the two languages. In German, they promoted a new “Wissenschaft des Judentum,” while Hebrew-language publications such as Hameasef (1784–1811) were harbingers of a Hebrew Republic of Letters that would for many decades be oriented toward the German-speaking world. In the first half of the twentieth century, German-speaking cities such as Berlin, Heidelberg, and Vienna were home – for extended or briefer periods – to some of the most important Hebrew writers of the time, including M. Y. Berdycze- wsky, S. Y. Agnon, H. N. Bialik, S. Tschernichowsky, Leah Goldberg, Avraham Ben- This content downloaded from 73.241.144.250 on Tue, 19 May 2020 17:11:30 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms 266 Amir Eshel and Na’ama Rokem Yitzhak, David Vogel, and Uri-Tsvi Grinberg. Some of them, such as Micha Josef Berdyczewsky, Avraham Ben-Yitzhak (Sonne), and David Vogel, even explored the possibility of writing in German or of translating their own work into German. Others, such as Agnon and Goldberg, found interwar Germany a fertile topic for their fiction. This situation coincided with the rise of various forms of Hebraism that pre- occupied German Jews and non-Jews alike. Important examples of this cultural turn were new translations from Hebrew, following in the footsteps of Mendels- sohn’s famous Bible translation. The most prominent example is the translation of the Bible by Franz Rosenzweig and Martin Buber. Rosenzweig also translated medieval Hebrew poetry and Hebrew liturgy. These projects all claimed to bring a Hebrew spirit into the German language. Other authors and artists showed an interest in Biblical figures and tropes, in the figure of the “Land of the Hebrews,” and even in the shape of the Hebrew letters. Charting the lively traffic at the intersection of German and Hebrew in these early decades of the twentieth century presents a challenge. In this brief essay, we contend that there are two complementary sides to the task of writing this cultural history and chronicling its continuation through the end of the twentieth century. The first is the challenge of the archives. The untapped archives of the German- Hebrew exchange need to be located, accounted for, documented, and used pro- ductively, which has occurred only very partially until now. The second is the ethical challenge of accounting for this history without ignoring its moments of crisis but not reducing everything to them. Upon first reflection, these may seem like two very different challenges. We propose, however, that they are intertwined and that a productive engagement with German-Hebrew studies takes this link into consideration. The radical upheaval at the heart of the twentieth century casts a difficult shadow on any talk of German-Hebrew bilingualism and eclipses the perception of a fruitful engagement of Hebrew authors with the German cultural realm. In the wake of the Holocaust, German and Hebrew may intuitively seem to inhabit mutually repellent magnetic fields. The notion that the two could cohabit a cul- tural space, coexist in a single mind, or even speak simultaneously within one lit- erary text may seem hard to fathom. Nevertheless, certain linguistic and literary hybrids that mix the two languages reflect the experiences of exile, displacement, and loss. Notable examples are Paul Celan’s use of Hebrew in his poems or the German language and bilingual fragments and poetic experiments that exist in the archives of authors such as Ludwig Strauss and Yehuda Amichai. Even a text that presents itself as embodying a teleology from German to Hebrew – Gershom Scholem’s memoir, From Berlin to Jerusalem – is belied by a writing and publi- cation history that moves back and forth between German and Hebrew, as did This content downloaded from 73.241.144.250 on Tue, 19 May 2020 17:11:30 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Berlin and Jerusalem: Toward German-Hebrew Studies 267 Scholem’s career more broadly. Scholem’s memoir was published in Germany in 1977 and in English translation in 1980. Toward the end of his life, he worked on a substantially expanded version in Hebrew, which shines a different light on his early engagement with the Kabbalah; it was published after his death in 1982 (Idel 2012). Scholem and Amichai belong to a larger group of German-speaking Israeli authors and scholars, such as Dan Pagis, Natan Zach, Elazar Benyoëtz, Ruth Almog, Aharon Appelfeld, Baruch Kurzweil, and Gershon Shaked, who played constitutive roles in the formation of the Israeli public and cultural spheres. What role, however, does the German language play in these authors’ real or metaphoric archives? It would be worthwhile to study their archives, which are located in Israel and abroad, and to analyze the forms of self-translation and lan- guage mixture documented there. In addition, it is important to consider other cases such as Scholem’s twice-written memoir that constitutes a public archive of movements between German and Hebrew. The relationship between the work of these Hebrew authors and that of a group of postwar authors and scholars who lived in Israel but wrote in German offers another interesting field for study. The latter include Werner Kraft, Max Brod, Ilana Shmueli, Manfred Winkler, and Shalom Ben-Horin, to name a few. The picture becomes even richer with the addition of a third category of figures belonging to both of these groups, such as Ludwig Strauss, who wrote and published in both languages, and Tuvia Rübner, who began writing and publishing in German, made a transition to Hebrew in the 1950s, and has returned to German-language writing in the past decade. These examples challenge the oft-repeated truism that after the rise of Nazism and espe- cially after the Holocaust, the German language was silenced in Israel and the German-Hebrew dialogue came to an end. The field of Hebrew literary studies has recently enjoyed what might be labeled an “archival turn.” Scholars such as Yfaat Weiss, Shachar Pinsker, Maya Barzilai, Gideon Ticotsky, Adriana X. Jacobs, and Lilach Nethanel are gaining exciting new insights into major Hebrew authors by turning to their archives. Some of this work is limited, however, by its monolingual Hebrew orientation, specifically its disregard for German materials in the archive. For example, in her fascinating and groundbreaking book on the archive of David Vogel, Netha- nel provides a powerful conceptual and theoretical framework for this archival turn.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Jewish Journey in the Late Fiction of Aharon Appelfeld: Return, Repair Or Repitition?
    The Jewish Journey in the Late fiction of Aharon Appelfeld: Return, Repair or Repitition? Sidra DeKoven·Ezrahi In Booking Passage: Exile and Homecoming in the Modern Jewish lmagination 1 I charted the Jewish journey as the pursuit of utopian 1. Sidra DeKoven Ezrahi, space in its epic and its anti-epic dimensions. From Yehuda Halevi Booking Passage: Exile through S.Y. Agnon, the journey to reunite self and soul (/ibi ba­ and Homecoming in the mizrah va-anokhi be-sof ma'arav), the journey to repair the anomaly Modern Jewish Imagination (Berkeley2000). Some of of Galut, was hampered, but also shaped and enriched, by what the ideas developed here are Yehuda Halevi called the 'bounty of Spain' (kol tuv sepharad). explored in the chapter on Appelfeld. Needless to say, the bounty of the homelands that expelled and exterminated the Jews during the Second World War was far more difficult to reclaim or reconstruct than that of twelfth-century Andalusia. Yet even if for the survivors of the Shoah the Jewish journey became that much more urgent and tragic as an exercise in the recovery of a lost continent, the same tension exists in the twentieth - as it did perhaps in the post-traumatic sixteenth century - between kol tuv sepharad and 'Zion', between the personal story and the collective telos, the private narrative and the public topos, the idiosyncratic and the paradigmatic. There is usually not only a tension but a trade-off between the two, a dynamic exchange between the first person singular and plural. After a lifetime of effacing the personal voice in the interstices of a taut and 'public' poetic line, Dan Pagis began in his last years to recover his autobiographical voice in prose.
    [Show full text]
  • Israel in 1982: the War in Lebanon
    Israel in 1982: The War in Lebanon by RALPH MANDEL LS ISRAEL MOVED INTO its 36th year in 1982—the nation cele- brated 35 years of independence during the brief hiatus between the with- drawal from Sinai and the incursion into Lebanon—the country was deeply divided. Rocked by dissension over issues that in the past were the hallmark of unity, wracked by intensifying ethnic and religious-secular rifts, and through it all bedazzled by a bullish stock market that was at one and the same time fuel for and seeming haven from triple-digit inflation, Israelis found themselves living increasingly in a land of extremes, where the middle ground was often inhospitable when it was not totally inaccessible. Toward the end of the year, Amos Oz, one of Israel's leading novelists, set out on a journey in search of the true Israel and the genuine Israeli point of view. What he heard in his travels, as published in a series of articles in the daily Davar, seemed to confirm what many had sensed: Israel was deeply, perhaps irreconcilably, riven by two political philosophies, two attitudes toward Jewish historical destiny, two visions. "What will become of us all, I do not know," Oz wrote in concluding his article on the develop- ment town of Beit Shemesh in the Judean Hills, where the sons of the "Oriental" immigrants, now grown and prosperous, spewed out their loath- ing for the old Ashkenazi establishment. "If anyone has a solution, let him please step forward and spell it out—and the sooner the better.
    [Show full text]
  • Performing History Studies in Theatre History & Culture Edited by Thomas Postlewait Performing HISTORY
    Performing history studies in theatre history & culture Edited by Thomas Postlewait Performing HISTORY theatrical representations of the past in contemporary theatre Freddie Rokem University of Iowa Press Iowa City University of Iowa Press, Library of Congress Iowa City 52242 Cataloging-in-Publication Data Copyright © 2000 by the Rokem, Freddie, 1945– University of Iowa Press Performing history: theatrical All rights reserved representations of the past in Printed in the contemporary theatre / by Freddie United States of America Rokem. Design by Richard Hendel p. cm.—(Studies in theatre http://www.uiowa.edu/~uipress history and culture) No part of this book may be repro- Includes bibliographical references duced or used in any form or by any and index. means, without permission in writing isbn 0-87745-737-5 (cloth) from the publisher. All reasonable steps 1. Historical drama—20th have been taken to contact copyright century—History and criticism. holders of material used in this book. 2. Holocaust, Jewish (1939–1945), The publisher would be pleased to make in literature. 3. France—His- suitable arrangements with any whom tory—Revolution, 1789–1799— it has not been possible to reach. Literature and the revolution. I. Title. II. Series. The publication of this book was generously supported by the pn1879.h65r65 2000 University of Iowa Foundation. 809.2Ј9358—dc21 00-039248 Printed on acid-free paper 00 01 02 03 04 c 54321 for naama & ariel, and in memory of amitai contents Preface, ix Introduction, 1 1 Refractions of the Shoah on Israeli Stages:
    [Show full text]
  • The German-Jewish Experience Revisited Perspectives on Jewish Texts and Contexts
    The German-Jewish Experience Revisited Perspectives on Jewish Texts and Contexts Edited by Vivian Liska Editorial Board Robert Alter, Steven E. Aschheim, Richard I. Cohen, Mark H. Gelber, Moshe Halbertal, Geoffrey Hartman, Moshe Idel, Samuel Moyn, Ada Rapoport-Albert, Alvin Rosenfeld, David Ruderman, Bernd Witte Volume 3 The German-Jewish Experience Revisited Edited by Steven E. Aschheim Vivian Liska In cooperation with the Leo Baeck Institute Jerusalem In cooperation with the Leo Baeck Institute Jerusalem. An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libra- ries working with Knowledge Unlatched. KU is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access. More information about the initiative can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. ISBN 978-3-11-037293-9 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-036719-5 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-039332-3 ISSN 2199-6962 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2015 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Cover image: bpk / Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin Typesetting: PTP-Berlin, Protago-TEX-Production GmbH, Berlin Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck ♾ Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com Preface The essays in this volume derive partially from the Robert Liberles International Summer Research Workshop of the Leo Baeck Institute Jerusalem, 11–25 July 2013.
    [Show full text]
  • Jerusalemhem Volume 80, June 2016
    Yad VaJerusalemhem Volume 80, June 2016 Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Day 2016 (pp. 4-9) Yad VaJerusalemhem Contents Volume 80, Sivan 5776, June 2016 Inauguration of the Moshe Mirilashvili Center for Research on the Holocaust in the Soviet Union ■ 2-3 Published by: Highlights of Holocaust Remembrance Day 2016 ■ 4-5 Students Mark Holocaust Remembrance Day Through Song, Film and Creativity ■ 6-7 Leah Goldstein ■ Remembrance Day Programs for Israel’s Chairman of the Council: Rabbi Israel Meir Lau Security Forces ■ 7 Vice Chairmen of the Council: ■ On 9 May 2016, Yad Vashem inaugurated Dr. Yitzhak Arad Torchlighters 2016 ■ 8-9 Dr. Moshe Kantor the Moshe Mirilashvili Center for Research on ■ 9 Prof. Elie Wiesel “Whoever Saves One Life…” the Holocaust in the Soviet Union, under the Chairman of the Directorate: Avner Shalev Education ■ 10-13 auspices of its world-renowned International Director General: Dorit Novak Asper International Holocaust Institute for Holocaust Research. Head of the International Institute for Holocaust Studies Program Forges Ahead ■ 10-11 The Center was endowed by Michael and Research and Incumbent, John Najmann Chair Laura Mirilashvili in memory of Michael’s News from the Virtual School ■ 10 for Holocaust Studies: Prof. Dan Michman father Moshe z"l. Alongside Michael and Laura Chief Historian: Prof. Dina Porat Furthering Holocaust Education in Germany ■ 11 Miriliashvili and their family, honored guests Academic Advisor: Graduate Spotlight ■ 12 at the dedication ceremony included Yuli (Yoel) Prof. Yehuda Bauer Imogen Dalziel, UK Edelstein, Speaker of the Knesset; Zeev Elkin, Members of the Yad Vashem Directorate: Minister of Immigration and Absorption and Yossi Ahimeir, Daniel Atar, Michal Cohen, “Beyond the Seen” ■ 12 Matityahu Drobles, Abraham Duvdevani, New Multilingual Poster Kit Minister of Jerusalem Affairs and Heritage; Avner Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Modern Hebrew Literature in English Translation
    1 Professor Naomi Sokoloff University of Washington Department of Near Eastern Languagse & Civilization Phone: 543-7145 FAX 685-7936 E-mail: [email protected] SYLLABUS MODERN HEBREW LITERATURE IN ENGLISH TRANSLATION NE 325/SISJE 490a 3 credits This survey of modern Hebrew literature and its major developments in the past 100 years includes selections of fiction and poetry by a range of writers from Europe, Israel and the U.S. Among the texts covered are pieces by H.N. Bialik, Dvorah Baron, S.Y. Agnon, Gabriel Preil, Yehuda Amichai, Aharon Appelfeld, Dan Pagis, A.B. Yehoshua, Amos Oz, Etgar Keret, Batya Gur, and more. This course aims to illuminate some of the factors that make this literature distinctive and fascinating. Hebrew is a language that has been in continuous literary use over millennia. Dramatic historical circumstances and ideological forces fostered the revival of the language as a modern tongue and shaped Hebrew literary endeavors up through current time. COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Students are expected to do the required reading, to attend class and to participate in class discussion. There will be several short written assignments, two quizzes and a take-home essay exam. This is a “W” course, which requires significant amounts of writing, editing, and revision. Final grades will be determined as follows: Assignments: #1. A close reading of a poem; 350-750 words (10%) #2. A summary of one of the secondary sources in the recommended reading; 350-750 words (10%) #3. A short essay; 500-750 words (10%) #4. 2 quizzes; one at midterm and one during finals week (20%) #5.
    [Show full text]
  • History, Literature and Culture in Bukovina Romania's "Multi-Kulti" Region
    האוניברסיטה העברית בירושלים המרכז לחקר יהדות רומניה The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Center for Research on Romanian Jewry T +972.2.5881672 | F +972.25881673 mail address: [email protected] The Center for Research on Romanian Jewry at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem invites you to a Conference about: History, Literature and Culture in Bukovina Romania's "Multi-Kulti" region The Conference will be held at the Meirsdorf House (room 502) at the Mount Scopus Campus on Tuesday, March 15th, 2016 The Program: 9:00- 9:30 welcome gathering 9:30- 10:00 Greetings Panel Chair: Prof. Uzi Rebhun, Head of the Center for Research on Romanian Jewry Prof. Dror Verman, The Dean of Humanities H.E. Andrea Pasternac, the Romanian Ambassador in Israel Mr. Micha Charish, Chairman of A.M.I.R organization Dr. Saar Pauker, The Pauker Family fund 10:00- 11:15 First Panel: Chair: Prof. Daniel Blatman, The Hebrew University Bukovina and Czernowitz : The Ethnical Uniqueness of the Multi-Cultural city and region Dr. Ronit Fisher, The University of Haifa and the Hebrew University Describing and Imagining Czernowitz – Prof. Zvi Yavetz and His City Dr. Raphael Vago, Tel-Aviv University Back to Czernowitz Dr. Florence Heymann, the Centre de recherche français à Jérusalem 11:15- 11:45 Coffee brake 11:45- 13:30 Second Panel: Chair: Dr.Amos Goldberg, the Hebrew University The Aftermath of Bukovinan Multiculturalism: Paul Celan, Dan Pagis and Aharon Appelfeld, Prof. Sidra DeKoven Ezrahi, the Hebrew University Jewish Identity and Soviet Policy in Postwar Chernivtsi: The Case of the All- Ukrainian State Jewish Theater Mrs.
    [Show full text]
  • The Unique Cultural & Innnovative Twelfty 1820
    Chekhov reading The Seagull to the Moscow Art Theatre Group, Stanislavski, Olga Knipper THE UNIQUE CULTURAL & INNNOVATIVE TWELFTY 1820-1939, by JACQUES CORY 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS No. of Page INSPIRATION 5 INTRODUCTION 6 THE METHODOLOGY OF THE BOOK 8 CULTURE IN EUROPEAN LANGUAGES IN THE “CENTURY”/TWELFTY 1820-1939 14 LITERATURE 16 NOBEL PRIZES IN LITERATURE 16 CORY'S LIST OF BEST AUTHORS IN 1820-1939, WITH COMMENTS AND LISTS OF BOOKS 37 CORY'S LIST OF BEST AUTHORS IN TWELFTY 1820-1939 39 THE 3 MOST SIGNIFICANT LITERATURES – FRENCH, ENGLISH, GERMAN 39 THE 3 MORE SIGNIFICANT LITERATURES – SPANISH, RUSSIAN, ITALIAN 46 THE 10 SIGNIFICANT LITERATURES – PORTUGUESE, BRAZILIAN, DUTCH, CZECH, GREEK, POLISH, SWEDISH, NORWEGIAN, DANISH, FINNISH 50 12 OTHER EUROPEAN LITERATURES – ROMANIAN, TURKISH, HUNGARIAN, SERBIAN, CROATIAN, UKRAINIAN (20 EACH), AND IRISH GAELIC, BULGARIAN, ALBANIAN, ARMENIAN, GEORGIAN, LITHUANIAN (10 EACH) 56 TOTAL OF NOS. OF AUTHORS IN EUROPEAN LANGUAGES BY CLUSTERS 59 JEWISH LANGUAGES LITERATURES 60 LITERATURES IN NON-EUROPEAN LANGUAGES 74 CORY'S LIST OF THE BEST BOOKS IN LITERATURE IN 1860-1899 78 3 SURVEY ON THE MOST/MORE/SIGNIFICANT LITERATURE/ART/MUSIC IN THE ROMANTICISM/REALISM/MODERNISM ERAS 113 ROMANTICISM IN LITERATURE, ART AND MUSIC 113 Analysis of the Results of the Romantic Era 125 REALISM IN LITERATURE, ART AND MUSIC 128 Analysis of the Results of the Realism/Naturalism Era 150 MODERNISM IN LITERATURE, ART AND MUSIC 153 Analysis of the Results of the Modernism Era 168 Analysis of the Results of the Total Period of 1820-1939
    [Show full text]
  • University of London Thesis
    REFERENCE ONLY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON THESIS Degree Year Name of Author C£VJ*r’Nr^'f ^ COPYRIGHT This is a thesis accepted for a Higher Degree of the University of London. It is an unpublished typescript and the copyright is held by the author. All persons consulting the thesis must read and abide by the Copyright Declaration below. COPYRIGHT DECLARATION I recognise that the copyright of the above-described thesis rests with the author and that no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without the prior written consent of the author. LOAN Theses may not be lent to individuals, but the University Library may lend a copy to approved libraries within the United Kingdom, for consultation solely on the premises of those libraries. Application should be made to: The Theses Section, University of London Library, Senate House, Malet Street, London WC1E 7HU. REPRODUCTION University of London theses may not be reproduced without explicit written permission from the University of London Library. Enquiries should be addressed to the Theses Section of the Library. Regulations concerning reproduction vary according to the date of acceptance of the thesis and are listed below as guidelines. A. Before 1962. Permission granted only upon the prior written consent of the author. (The University Library will provide addresses where possible). B. 1962- 1974. In many cases the author has agreed to permit copying upon completion of a Copyright Declaration. C. 1975 - 1988. Most theses may be copied upon completion of a Copyright Declaration. D. 1989 onwards. Most theses may be copied. This thesis comes within category D.
    [Show full text]
  • Who Is a Holocaust Perpetrator?
    ©Copyright 2012 Or Rogovin Created in the Image? Holocaust Perpetrators in Israeli Fiction Or Rogovin A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2012 Reading Committee: Naomi Sokoloff, Chair Leroy Searle Adam Rovner Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Comparative Literature University of Washington Abstract Created in the Image? Holocaust Perpetrators in Israeli Fiction Or Rogovin Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Naomi Sokoloff Near Eastern Languages and Civilization This dissertation studies aesthetic, political and ethical dimensions of the representation of Holocaust perpetrators in Hebrew and Israeli fiction published since the mid-1940s. Drawing on recent scholarship by Holocaust historians, such as Christopher Browning and Daniel Goldhagen, and on classical and post-classical theorists of narrative, such as E. M. Forster, Wayne Booth, and James Phelan, I examine modes, models, and possibilities applied in the treatment of Nazis, Nazi collaborators, and Germans in this fiction. My dissertation demonstrates that in Hebrew and Israeli fiction published before the mid-1970s, the dominant – but not exclusive – mode of characterization renders Holocaust perpetrators as relatively simple, stereotypical, and marginal characters. In contrast, as of the mid-1980s, the dominant mode of perpetrator characterization in Israeli fiction renders Nazis and Germans as significantly more complex, nuanced, and central characters, and the conventional boundary between them and their Jewish victims is blurred. These observations are based on a comprehensive survey of the major Hebrew and Israeli texts responding to the Holocaust, and more specifically on Ka-Tzetnik’s Salamandra as a case study of earlier writing, and on David Grossman’s See Under: Love and A.
    [Show full text]
  • Mikan, Journal for Hebrew and Israeli Literature and Culture Studies
    Mikan, Journal for Hebrew and Israeli Literature and Culture Studies Vol. 16, March 2016 מכון והמחלקה לספרות עברית, אוניברסיטת בן־גוריון בנגב Editor: Hanna Soker-Schwager Editorial board: Tamar Alexander, Yitzhak Ben-Mordechai, Yigal Schwartz (Second Editor), Zahava Caspi (Third Editor) Junior editors: Chen Bar-Itzhak, Rina Jean Baroukh, Omer Bar Oz, Yael Ben- Zvi Morad, Tahel Frosh, Maayan Gelbard, Tami Israeli, Yaara Keren, Shachar Levanon, Itay Marienberg-Milikowsky,Rachel Mizrachi-Adam, Yonit Naaman, Yotam Popliker, Efrat Rabinovitz, Yoav Ronel, Tamar Setter. Editorial advisors: Robert Alter, Arnold J. Band, Dan Ben-Amos, Daniel Boyarin, Menachem Brinker, Nissim Calderon, Tova Cohen, Michael Gluzman (First Editor), Nili Scharf Gold, Benjamin Harshav, Galit Hasan-Rokem, Hannan Hever, Ariel Hirschfeld, Avraham Holtz, Avner Holtzman, Matti Huss, Zipporah Kagan, Ruth Kartun-Blum, Chana Kronfeld, Louis Landa, Dan Laor, Avidov Lipsker, Dan Miron, Gilead Morahg, Hannah Nave, Ilana Pardes, Iris Parush, Ilana Rosen, Tova Rosen, Yigal Schwartz, Uzi Shavit, Raymond Sheindlin, Eli Yassif, Gabriel Zoran Editorial coordinator: Irit Ronen, Maayn Gelbard Language editors: Liora Herzig (Hebrew); Daniella Blau (English) Graphic editor: Tamir Lahav-Radlmesser Layout and composition: Srit Rozenberg Cover photo: Disjointed Voices of Birds Behind the Water, 1994, Watercolor on Paper 16x25.4 Jumping FROM One Assuciation to Another, 2008, Black ink and Col on brown cardboard. 28.5x30.5 Hedva Harechavi IBSN: 978-965-566-000-0 All rights reserved © 2016 Heksherim Institute for Jewish and Israeli Literature and Culture, Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, and Kinneret, Zmora-Bitan, Dvir - Publishing House Ltd., Or Yehuda Printed in Israel www.kinbooks.co.il Contents Articles Avidov Lipsker and Lilah Nethanel - The Writing of Space in the Novels Circles and The Closed Gate by David Maletz Tamar Merin - The Purloined Poem: Lea Goldberg Corresponds with U.
    [Show full text]
  • M.A. Thesis: Final Draft
    BEN-GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV THE FACULTY OF HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ABRAHAMS-CURIEL DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LITERATURES AND LINGUISTICS IRONY AFTER AUSCHWITZ?: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE HOLOCAUST POETRY OF DAN PAGIS AND A.M. KLEIN THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS MARK ELLIOTT SHAPIRO UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF: PROFESSOR EFRAIM SICHER Signature of student: _____________ Date: _______ Signature of supervisor: _____________ Date: _______ Signature of chairperson of the committee for graduate studies: _____________ Date: _______ AUGUST 2013 Table of Contents English abstract iv Acknowledgments v Foreword 1 1. Introduction 2 2. Parody and sacred parody 36 3. Irony and black humor 62 4. Satire 79 Conclusion 99 Works Cited 102 Hebrew abstract 106 ii English abstract This is a study of the use of parody (including sacred parody), irony and black humor, and satire in selected Holocaust poems by Israeli poet Dan Pagis and Canadian-Jewish poet A.M. Klein. Despite differences of biography (Pagis lived in Israel and Klein in Canada) and cultural milieu (Hebrew-speaking versus English-speaking environment), there are many similarities in their use of the above devices. In the discussion, considerable use will be made of two major theoretical texts: Linda Hutcheon’s A Theory of Parody: The Teachings of Twentieth-Century Art Forms and David G. Roskies’ Against the Apocalypse: Responses to Catastrophe in Modern Jewish Culture, particularly his theory of sacred parody. This study demonstrates that, in the employment of the device of sacred parody in their Holocaust poems, Pagis and Klein are operating within the context of the traditional Jewish response to catastrophe.
    [Show full text]