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Electronic Library of Ukrainian Literature Electronic Library of Ukrainian Literature THE BOOKS OF GENESIS OF THE UKRAINIAN NATION by Mykola Kostomarov Translated by B. Yanivs'kyi § 1. God created the world: the heaven and the earth, and populated it with all the creatures and appointed man to have domination over all earthly things, and commanded him to be fruitful and multiply and ordained that the human race be divided into generations and tribes; and to each generation and tribe He bestowed a land so that each generation and tribe might seek God, who is near man, and thus all people might worship and believe in Him and love Him, and all people would be happy. § 2. But the human race forgot God and gave itself to the devil, and each tribe invented its own gods and in each tribe the peoples invented their own gods and they waged war for these gods and the earth became soaked with blood and bestrewn with ashes and bones and in all the world there was grief, poverty, sickness, calamity and discord. § 3. So the just Lord punished the people with floods, wars, plagues and that which is the worst of all—slavery. § 4. For there is one true God, and He is the sole King of the human race, but the people, as soon as they had created gods for themselves, in the same way created kings for themselves; for just as in every corner there was their own god, like-, wise in every corner there was their own king, and the people began to fight for their own kings and the earth became even more soaked with blood and bestrewn with ashes and bones, and in all the world grief and poverty and sickness and calamity and discord were multiplied. § 5. There is no other God but that God who dwells in celestial habitations and who is everywhere through His Holy Spirit, and although the people made their gods in the image of creatures and man, their gods were not gods but passions and lusts, and the people were ruled by the father of passions and lusts, the manslayer, the devil. § 6. There is no other king but the one king, the heavenly consoler; although the people made their kings in the image of their brother, man, these were not real kings because the king, that is, he who rules everyone, must be wiser and more just than all others and only God is wiser and more just than everyone, while the kings had passions and lusts and the people were ruled by the father of passions and lusts, the manslayer, the devil. § 7. And the crafty kings chose from the people the strongest and the most useful to themselves and called them the masters, and they made the others the slaves for these masters, and on the earth grief, poverty and sickness and calamity and discord were multiplied. § 8. Two peoples were distinguished by their merit, the Hebrews and the Greeks. § 9. God himself chose the Hebrews and sent Moses to them and Moses laid down for them the law which he had received from God on Mount Sinai, and he established equality among them in order that there should not be a king among them, but that they should know the one king, the Kostomarov. Books of Genesis of the Ukrainian Nation 2 heavenly God, and that the government should be in the hands of judges chosen by the will of the people. § 10. But the Hebrews elected a king, not heeding the holy elder Samuel, and God quickly showed them that they had not done well; because although David was the best of all kings in the world, even him God permitted to transgress, so that he took his neighbor's wife. This was done so that the people would understand that, however virtuous a. man is, if he rules autocratically he will fall into sin. And Solomon, the wisest of men, God allowed to fall into the greatest folly— idolatry—so that the people would understand that, however, wise a man may be, if he rules autocratically, he will become a fool. § 11. For the person who says of himself: I am better than all others and wiser than all others, everyone must obey me and respect me as master and do that which my fancy wills, sins the original sin which destroyed Adam, when obeying the devil he desired to be equal to God and lost his senses; he is likened unto the devil himself who desired to place himself on a level with God and fell into hell. § 12. For there is one God: He is both the King and the Lord of heaven and earth. § 13. Therefore, as soon as the Hebrews created their own kings and forgot the Heavenly King, they immediately turned from the true God and bowed down before Baal and Dagon. § 14. And God chastized them: their kingdom was destroyed and all were taken prisoners by the Chaldeans. § 15. But the Greeks said: we do not desire a king; we desire to be free and equal. § 16. And the Greeks became the most enlightened people in the world because from them have come the sciences and arts as we have them now. § 17. But the Greeks knew not true freedom because although they forswore kings they knew not the Heavenly King, and they devised their own gods and thus they had no kings but they had gods; therefore they were half such as they would have been if they had had no gods and if they had known the heavenly God. Because, although they spoke much of freedom, not all were free, but only a part of the people, and the others were slaves; and so they had no kings but there were masters, which is the same as though they had many little kings. § 18. And the Lord punished them: they waged war amongst themselves and fell into bondage at the hands of the Macedonians and afterwards of the Romans. § 19. And so the Lord punished the human race: a large part of it, the most educated, fell into bondage at the hands of the Roman emperor. § 19 (20). And the Roman emperor became the king of the peoples and called himself god. § 20 (21). Then the devil rejoiced and all hell with him. And they said in hell: behold, now is our kingdom at hand; man has retreated far from God, when one man calls himself both god and king together. § 21 (22). But then the Lord, the Heavenly Father, took pity on the human race and sent His Son to earth, in order to show people God, the King and Master. § 22 (23). And the Son of God came to earth in order to reveal the truth, so that the truth should make man free. § 23 (24). And Christ taught that all men are brethren and neighbors, and must first of all love God and then one another, and the one who acquires the greatest merit with God Electronic Library of Ukrainian Literature Kostomarov. Books of Genesis of the Ukrainian Nation 3 is he who lays down his soul for his friends. And he who desires to be first, must be the servant of all. § 24 (25). And He, Himself was the example: He was the wisest and most just of men, hence a king and master, but did not appear as an earthly king and master, but was born in a manger, lived in poverty, chose His disciples not from the illustrious families, not from the learned philosophers but from simple fishermen. § 25 (26). And the people came to perceive the truth: then the pseudo-philosophers and the people of the Roman emperor became afraid lest truth triumph and after truth come freedom, and then indeed it would not be so easy to fool and torture the people. § 26(27). And they sentenced Jesus Christ, God, King and Master, to death, and Jesus Christ was spat upon, buffeted, scourged, and suffered crucifixion and burial for the freedom of the human race, because they did not wish to acknowledge Him King and Master, having another king, Caesar, who called himself god and drank human blood. § 27 (28). But Christ shed His own blood for the freedom of the human race and left His own blood for eternity for the faithful to nourish upon. § (29). And Christ arose on the third day and became King of heaven and earth. § 28 (30). His disciples, the poor fishermen, spread out over the earth and preached truth and freedom. § 29 (31). And those who accepted their word became brothers—whether they had been masters or slaves, learned philosophers or ignorant men, all became free by Christ's blood which they all accepted equally, all were enlightened in the light of the truth. § 30 (32). And the Christians lived as brethren, everything was held in common among them and they elected elders and these elders were servants of all, because God said: whoever desires to be first, must be the servant of all. § 31 (33). Then the Roman emperors and the masters and officials and all their agents and philosophers rose against Christianity and wished to uproot the Christian faith; and Christians perished: they drowned them, hung them, quartered them, burned them, flayed them with iron combs and created other incalculable tortures for them. § 32 (34). And the Christian faith did not decline, but the more evil the caesars and masters were, the more believers there were. § 33 (35). Then the emperors arranged with the masters and spake thus amongst themselves: We have not yet uprooted Christianity, let us resort to craft, let us ourselves accept Christianity, let us pervert Christ's teaching so that it profit us, and we shall deceive the people.
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