An Autobiography

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

An Autobiography MA R GO T ASQU ITH AN AU TO BIO GRA P H Y VO L U ME S TH REE AND FO U R - W ITH TW E NTY TH R E E IL L U STRATIO N S A ND N U M ER O U S RE P RODU CTIO NS O F L ETTER S A ND DRAW INGS P BIBE SCO W IFE OF TH M I RINCESS , E RU AN AN MINISTER AT W ASHINGTON MAR GO T ASQUITH AN AUTo gLQG RAP HY VOL UME FOU R NEW YORK GEORGE H s DORAN COMPANY 937886A RI H COP Y G T, 1 922 , BY GEORGE H . DORAN COMP ANY MARGO ASQUITH Z AU N BIOGRAP HY VOL U ME FOUR . I T AN , f P RINTED IN THE U NITED STATES OF AMERICA CONTENTS OF VOL UME FOUR CH AP TER I P GE — A E VE Q R EMP I W AR OF THE GREAT WAR AS UITH WA NS RE OF , J 29 1914—V TO M EM B —K ULY , ISIT THE GER AN ASSY ITCHENER M IM— D 4 AS ARGOT KNE W H WAR ECLARED AUG . CH AP TER II — SCENES IN THE H OUSE OF COMM O NS GR AVE NE W S FROM FR ANCE — KITCHENER THE A U TOC R A P O RDE R S TO SIR JOHN FR ENCH — V ISIT To BELGIAN FRONT CH AP TER III —~ - INFLUENCE OF THE P RESS MARGOT SHUNNED AS P R O GERMAN — THE COALITION ; LLO YD GEORG E AND SH ELLS DUP LICITY OF — SIR JOHN FRENCH P ORTRAI T OF LORD READING CH AP TER IV — — CABINET INTRI GUES P RESSURE ON THE P RE MIE R ASQUITH R E — SIGNS ; LLOYD GEORGE SUCCEEDS H IM EP ISODE AT A TEA P ARTY ; HARSH TREATMENT OF ALIENS CH AP TER V — ’ — GERMAN P EACE OVERTU RES LORD LANSDOW NE S LE TTER THE — — MAURICE LE TTER FOCH AS GENERALISSIM O H OUSE OF COM MONS DE BATE ON M AUR ICE CHARGE CH AP TER V I — ARMISTICE D AY IN LO NDON SC ENE AT BUCK INGHAM P ALACE ’ ST P —P P D —T AND . AUL S ORTRAIT OF RESI ENT WILSON HE KHA KI ELECTIONS AND DEFEAT OF THE LIBERALS EP I LOGU E AFTERMATH OF THE WAR IND E! COMP LE TE INDE ! OF V OLUMES ONE To FOUR IN CLUSIVE IL L USTRATIONS OF VOL UME FOUR P R C S BIBE SCO W I U M IA MIN I ER IN ES , FE OF THE R AN N ST INGTON V ISCOUNT G'RE Y OF FALLODO N M L IT M . ETTER To RS . ASQU H FROM R JOHN REDMOND TH E RIGHT HONOURABLE WINSTON CH URCHILL LE TO M . Q M L K C E 19 U G TTER RS AS UITH FRO ORD IT HEN R, A UST, 1914 L AS I’I‘H L 6 P M B 909 TO MRS . QU M O 1 ETTER FRO RD FISHER, SE TE ER, L TT To P IM M M L K 14 P 1915 E ER R E INISTER FRO ORD ITCHENER, A RIL, L ORD MORL E Y . L To M S U I M VI C U M L 9 G 1914 . Q A ETTER RS A TH FRO S O NT OR EY, U UST, LORD READ ING T MRS . ASQUI H P M IR . THE RIME INISTER AND S JOHN FRENCH AT G . H . Q 1914 FRANCE , ” H I MR. ASQUITH AND S SO N ANTHONY AT THE WHARE MAR SHAL FOCH P RESIDENT WILSON M . S QU I H E R R BABY P RIS CILLA BIBE SCO RS A TH AND G AND , MAR GOT ASQUITH AN AUTO BIO GRAPH Y MARGO T ASQU ITH A N A U TO BIO G R A P H Y CHAPTER I — EVE OF TH E GREAT WAR ASQU IT H WARNS E M P IRE O J U LY 29 1 914— V S T TO TH E E MAN F WAR , , I I G R — — E M BASSY KITC H ENER W AR DECLARED AU GU ST 4 10 D n re ul 91 4 owni S t et J 1 . g , y, T is not my purpose to write a history o fthe o r o fan o the c m its I war ; y f a p aign , either in successes or failures . These have been fully dealt with by most o fthe great Generals and many co m But m petent amateurs . from y diaries and notes taken often o n the same day I shall give a true and simple account o fwhat I saw and heard from t 4th 1 91 4 un we ee Aug us the , , til left Downing Str t 1 91 6 in December , . The London season of 1 91 4 had been a disap o ne me not o ne pointing for , and an amusing for l was E izabeth , and as I anxious that she should have a little fun I sent her alone on the 25th of [ 1 1 ] MAR GOT ASQUITH J . r uly to stay with Mrs Geo ge Keppel , who had taken a house in Holland . Alice Keppel is a woman of almost historical no t interest , only from her friendship with King E w d ard , but from her happy personality, and her knowledge o fsociety and of the men o fthe day . o f adven She is a plucky woman fashion ; human , turons , and gay , who in spite of doing what she all . H liked her life , has never made an enemy er o f native wit and Wits cover a certain lack culture , but her desire to please has never diminished her sincerity . When we had to leave Downing Street without — a roof over o ur heads in 1 91 6 as our house in — Cavendish Square was let to Lady Cunard she - put her o wn bedroom and sitting room at my dis posal and insisted upon living o n an upper storey herself . To be a Liberal in high society is rare : indeed I often wonder in what society they are to be found . not I do meet them among golfers , soldiers , sailors , o r servants ; nor have I seen much Liberalism in o r l c the Church , the Court , the City ; but A i e Kep pel was born in Scotland and has remained a true Liberal . [ 12] AN AUTOBIOGR AP HY King E dward asked me once if I had ever known o r a woman of kinder sweeter nature than hers , and I could truthfully answer that I had not . When Elizabeth went to Holland o n the 25th ! July) Foreign affairs were not causing uneasiness to any o fthe people that I had seen . But a feeling o fapprehension made me telegraph to her a few days after her departure to tell her to return . She arrived o n the 1 st o fAug ust accompanied by Lord Castlero ss e and other young men who had been summoned to j oin their regiments . She told me she would never have been allowed to travel had she not dined early and in a serge dress , and that no one in Holland felt the slightest anxiety over the Europ ean situation . m re So e weeks after she had been with me , I l c ceived the following letter from A i e Keppel , which I have kept and shall always value . — Margot dearest yo u must get stronger ; the time is coming when we shall all have to keep a stiff uppe r lip . Your heart is too large ; you feel other ’ u o wn people s sorrows as much as yo r , but the grit yo u have always had is ever the re . I think you are right when you say that there has been a lack of [ 13] MAR GOT ASQUITH feeling in the last few years . What struck me was the want o freal gaiety about everything ; but an fond I feel the British people are as sensible and - n straight thinki g as they ever were , and believe we ie shall come o ut of this better and strong er? Eliza ’ beth s visit has been a real j oy ; she is a delightful i 1 7! ch ld , only with such a quick bright brain and o — a heart fgold . We all including servants w loved her, and her ish to help in every way in the house I found charming. When the war news ‘ grew black all she said was I mus t go back or ’ Mother will ro w over for me ! You have a darling — — g irl , Margot , clever and better than that loving, unselfish and good affec Your always . “ L CE A I K . The apprehension I felt was shared by no one in a 29th Ju London society , and as l te as the ! ly), when the Ar chbishop o f Canterbury and Lord ’ D Aberno n w were lunching in Do ning Street , they were amazed when I told them I had stopped my ! I had mentioned in my letter of thanks to her the cruelties of Su ff s ff i o f a the ragette , and the indi erence shown over the drown ng friend o fours at a supper party on the Th ames ; also a general lack o freverence am ong the young intellectuals that had been growing up In England and wondered i f the re was not some be tter reas on to fo r account the situation .
Recommended publications
  • 37 Jones Liberals Divided
    Liberals divided Dr J. Graham Jones examines the February 1921 by- election in Cardiganshire, where Asquithian and Lloyd George Liberals engaged in bitter internecine warfare ‘‘EveryEvery votevote forfor LlewelynLlewelyn WilliamsWilliams isis aa votevote againstagainst LloydLloyd George’George’ 1 lewelyn’s opposed to national waste; In October W. Llewelyn Williams, Liberal ‘L So work for him with zeal and haste.’ MP for the Carmarthen Boroughs since , a By the s Welsh Liberals proudly referred to former close associate of Lloyd George who had the Cardiganshire constituency as ‘the safest seat dramatically fallen out with him primarily over the held by a Liberal member’. This remote, predomi- need to introduce military conscription during nantly rural division on the western seaboard of , wrote to Harry Rees, the secretary of the Wales, so far removed from the hub of political life at Cardiganshire Liberals. ‘You will have seen that the Westminster, and first captured by the Liberals in the Carmarthen Boros are going to be wiped out, & ‘breaking of the ice’ general election of , was that I shall therefore be looking for a new seat ei- held continuously by the party from until the ther in Carm. or elsewhere. I should be glad to defeat of Roderic Bowen in . But this long hear from you what are the prospects in tenure was not always characterised by political har- Cardiganshire?’ Williams wrote in the certain mony, calm and tranquillity. During the early s knowledge that his own seat was about to disappear in particular, intensely bitter political controversy in the impending redistribution of parliamentary beset Cardiganshire.
    [Show full text]
  • Liberals in Coalition
    For the study of Liberal, SDP and Issue 72 / Autumn 2011 / £10.00 Liberal Democrat history Journal of LiberalHI ST O R Y Liberals in coalition Vernon Bogdanor Riding the tiger The Liberal experience of coalition government Ian Cawood A ‘distinction without a difference’? Liberal Unionists and Conservatives Kenneth O. Morgan Liberals in coalition, 1916–1922 David Dutton Liberalism and the National Government, 1931–1940 Matt Cole ‘Be careful what you wish for’ Lessons of the Lib–Lab Pact Liberal Democrat History Group 2 Journal of Liberal History 72 Autumn 2011 new book from tHe History Group for details, see back page Journal of Liberal History issue 72: Autumn 2011 The Journal of Liberal History is published quarterly by the Liberal Democrat History Group. ISSN 1479-9642 Riding the tiger: the Liberal experience of 4 Editor: Duncan Brack coalition government Deputy Editor: Tom Kiehl Assistant Editor: Siobhan Vitelli Vernon Bogdanor introduces this special issue of the Journal Biographies Editor: Robert Ingham Reviews Editor: Dr Eugenio Biagini Coalition before 1886 10 Contributing Editors: Graham Lippiatt, Tony Little, York Membery Whigs, Peelites and Liberals: Angus Hawkins examines coalitions before 1886 Patrons A ‘distinction without a difference’? 14 Dr Eugenio Biagini; Professor Michael Freeden; Ian Cawood analyses how the Liberal Unionists maintained a distinctive Professor John Vincent identity from their Conservative allies, until coalition in 1895 Editorial Board The coalition of 1915–1916 26 Dr Malcolm Baines; Dr Roy Douglas; Dr Barry Doyle; Prelude to disaster: Ian Packer examines the Asquith coalition of 1915–16, Dr David Dutton; Prof. David Gowland; Prof. Richard which brought to an end the last solely Liberal government Grayson; Dr Michael Hart; Peter Hellyer; Dr J.
    [Show full text]
  • 94 Spring 2017 Journal of Liberal History Issue 94: Spring 2017 the Journal of Liberal History Is Published Quarterly by the Liberal Democrat History Group
    For the study of Liberal, SDP and Issue 94 / Spring 2017 / £7.50 Liberal Democrat history Journal of LiberalHI ST O R Y War authors Alan Mumford Churchill and Lloyd George Liberal authors on the First World War? David Dutton Sir Walter Runciman and the Runciman papers at Elshieshields Tower Neil Stockley Coalition: Could Liberal Democrats have handled it better? Meeting report J. Graham Jones Liberal archives at the Churchill Archives Centre Michael Meadowcroft The Lib–Lab Pact Book review Liberal Democrat History Group Liberal History 350 years of party history in 32 pages The Liberal Democrat History Group’s pamphlet, Liberal History: A concise history of the Liberal Party, SDP and Liberal Democrats, has been revised and updated to include the coalition and its impact and the 2015 election and its aftermath. The essential introduction to Liberal history, now updated to March 2017. Liberal History is available to Journal of Liberal History subscribers for the special price of £2.40 (normal price £3.00) plus £0.60 P&P. Order via our online shop (www.liberalhistory.org.uk/shop/), or by post from LDHG, 54 Midmoor Road, London SW12 0EN (cheque payable at ‘Liberal Democrat History Group’). The booklet makes an ideal gift for new party members; we can offer a 50 per cent discount for bulk orders of 40 or more copies. Contact the Editor on [email protected]. Journal of Liberal History: special issues The Liberal Party and the First World War Journal 87 (summer 2015) Includes: Did the Great War really kill the Liberal Party?; The long shadow of war; The Liberal Party, the Labour Party and the First World War; John Morley’s resignation in August 1914; Gilbert Murray v.
    [Show full text]
  • Walter Runciman and the Decline of the Liberal Party
    WaltER RUNCIMAN AND thE DECliNE of thE LIBERal PARTY Historians remain divided about the contribution that biography can make to their craft. Those who believe that the study of individuals is important because the decisions of those individuals affect the course of events and that the replacement of one key player in the historical mosaic can significantly change the way in which history evolves are matched by others who argue that biography inevitably exaggerates the role and significance of the individual and distorts the reality of the historical narrative. By David Dutton.1 26 Journal of Liberal History 84 Autumn 2014 WaltER RUNCIMAN AND thE DECliNE of thE LIBERal PARTY etween someone like parliament alongside his own father seafaring family. Two of his great- Thomas Carlyle, who and even of having preceded him grandfathers fought as midshipmen Bwrote that ‘history is the there. A governmental colleague at Trafalgar, while his father, also essence of innumerable biogra- offered a very fair assessment of him called Walter, rose from humble phies’, and the committed Marxist in 1912. ‘Runciman,’ he wrote, ‘is beginnings to own a major ship- who views the individual as a help- able, honest, hard-working, coura- ping company in the north-east. less cork bobbing up and down on geous, but while a good speaker, The traditional Liberal commit- the remorseless tides of economic just lacks that touch of genius which ment to free trade was part of the determinism, there can be no meet- Churchill has got, and that charm young Walter’s thinking as a pros- ing of minds.2 But somewhere which Lloyd George abounds in.
    [Show full text]
  • Explore the Index
    Index Compiled by the Author Abdul Hamid, Sultan of Turkey: I88, Admiralty, the: Churchill becomes First 3I7 Lord of (I911), I; his policy at, 2; Aboukir (British cruiser): torpedoed (22 conference (25 July I9I4) postponed, Sept I9I4), 8s-6; loss of, a cause of 4-5; communique about Fleet con­ criticism of Churchill, I43, I84-5, 532 centration issued from, 7; defensive Abruzzi, Duke of: commands Italian preparations of (27 July I914), 8; navy, 423 further preparations of (29July I9I4), Achi Baba (Gallipoli Peninsula): Hamil­ 11; Staff meeting at (30 July I9I4), ton decides to land south of, 393; 13; relations with War Office, 2I, 36, Hamilton's army fails to reach sum­ 226; visit ofF. E. Smith and Sir Max mit of (25-26 April I9I5), 407; Aitken to (I Aug I9I4), 24; urged by Hamilton confident that his forces Manchester Guardian to 'trust the will reach, in May, 4I I, 4I3; renewed people', 38; confident of ability to offensive towards (6--g May I9IS), prevent invasion, 57; purchases flying •4-14; remains in Turkish hands (May boats from United States (Nov 1914), I9IS), 4I5, 431; Churchill learns of 66; conference on aircraft production failure of ships' fire against, 687; at (I6 Sept I914), 8o; Courtoflnquiry MAPS, 403, 519 on sinking of Aboukir, Cressy and Hogue, Achnasheen (Ross and Cromarty): 85-6; rubber manufacturers sum­ mystery of a searchlight at, 82-3 moned to, 86; 'without a head', 1 17; Adamant (British submarine Depot Ship): tries to reassure War Office that a Fisher wants returned to home waters German invasion can be successfully
    [Show full text]
  • 43 Sharpe Clifford the Asquiths Review
    REVIEWS 1945–51. 6 Letter from the late Sir Leonard over the Balkans was brewing, 4 Letter dated 27 January Smith to reviewer dated 1 Febru- he was at the centre of a London 1948 from Clement Davies to ary 1986. Society scandal. At a party on A. P. Wadsworth, Editor Manches- 7 Interview with the late Phyllis Pres- ter Guardian. Guardian Archives, ton by the reviewer, 17 November a boat on the Thames he had John Rylands Library, University of 1988. offered Diana Manners (later to Manchester. 8 Manchester Guardian, 9 April become Diana Cooper, wife of 5 Liverpool Daily Post, 13 February 1953. Duff Cooper) £10 to persuade 1950. 9 The Economist, 23 April 1955. a mutual friend to jump in the river. When both the friend and a member of the party who had tried to rescue him drowned, ‘Why was I born at this time … to know Raymond showed little remorse, and in what seemed like a cover- more dead than living people?’ up avoided having to give evi- dence at the subsequent inquest. Colin Clifford: The Asquiths (John Murray, 2002) The book also sheds light on Reviewed by Iain Sharpe the difficult relationship between Margot Asquith and her step- daughter Violet. Both wanted he political fortunes of parliamentary seat. The Liberal to be the centre of attention and the Asquith family were Party collapsed, although Lloyd tried to upstage the other. For destroyed by the First George continued to head a example, Margot disapproved of T Violet’s ‘deathbed betrothal’ to World War. In the summer Conservative-dominated coali- of 1914, H.
    [Show full text]
  • ASQUITH, Raymond
    Research Page 1 Name: Lieut Raymond ASQUITH 3rd Grenadier Guards Age Parents: Right Hon. Herbert Henry ASQUITH K.C., M.P., Prime Minister (born 12 Sep 1852 in Morley, YKS, ENG - died 15 Feb 1928) and Helen Kelsall MELLAND (born Dec Qu. 1854 in Rochdale, Lancashire - died in Dec 1891) 37 Life Range 6 Nov 1878- 15 Sep 1916 -26 12 Sep 1852 Birth of Father: Right Hon. Herbert Henry ASQUITH K.C., M.P., Prime Minister (born 12 Sep 1852 in Morley, YKS, ENG - died 15 Feb 1928). In Morley, YKS, ENG. -24 Dec Qu. 1854 Birth of Mother: Helen Kelsall MELLAND (born Dec Qu. 1854 in Rochdale, Lancashire - died in Dec 1891). In Rochdale, Lancashire. 0 6 Nov 1878 Birth: Hampstead, MDX, ENG. 3 1881 Census: Hampstead, MDX, ENG. At 12 John Street: Herbert Henry ASQUITH, 28, Barrister (in practice) BA Oxford, born Morley, Yorkshire Helen Kelsall, 26, born Rochdale, Lancashire Raymond, 2, born Hampstead, Middlesex Gilbert (Herbert?), under 1 month, born Hampstead, Middlesex [Plus a visitor (Nurse) & 3 servants] ~8 Abt 1886 Birth of Spouse: Katharine Frances HORNER (born about 1886 in London, ENG - died in 1976 in SOM, ENG). 13 1891 Mother: Dead. 13 1891 Census: Winkfield, Berkshire. At Lambrook School, Winkfield Row: Raymond ASQUITH, boarder, 12, pupil, born Hampstead Parents: 27 Mansfield Gardens, Hampstead Herbert H., 38, Barrister QC MP, born Morley, Yorkshire Helen K., 36, born Rochdale, Lancashire Herbert, 10, born Hampstead Arthur M., 7, born Hampstead Helen V., 3, born Hampstead Cyril, 1, born Hampstead (Plus a Governess & 4 Servants) 13 1891 School: Lambrook School.
    [Show full text]
  • Churchill Book Collector Extra Ink!
    EXTRA INK! Signed or Inscribed Books, Ephemera, and Correspondence 2019 Churchill Book Collector specializes in material by and about Sir Winston S. Churchill, who was not just an iconic statesman, but also one of the twentieth century’s Item 9 Captain James Humphrey Cotton Minchin and H.R.H. The Prince of Wales most prolific and accomplished writers, Among the 40 items herein you will find the signatures of 167 distinguished (later Edward VIII, later Prince Edward Duke of Windsor) earning the Nobel Prize in Literature. individuals, including Nobel prize winners, Pulitzer prize winners, prime Item 10 Field Marshal Alan Brooke 1st Viscount Alanbrooke, Sir Arnold Bax, Laurence Binyon, Charles Bathurst 1st Viscount Bledisloe, John Buchan 1st Baron ministers, presidents, a surfeit of sirs and other titular honorifics, generals, Tweedsmuir, George Earl Buckle, Stanley Buckmaster 1st Viscount Buckmaster, Alexander Cambridge 1st Earl of Athalone, H. E. Baron de Cartier de We also offer noteworthy first and collectible editions by other authors ranging from Xenophon admirals, air marshals, sculptors, painters, novelists, cartoonists, historians, Marchienne, Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, Admiral of the Fleet Ernie Chatfield 1st Baron Chatfield, Group Captain Leonard Cheshire Baron journalists, poets, composers, and architects. to T. E. Lawrence, spanning exploration Cheshire, Clementine Churchill Baroness Spencer-Churchill, Prime Minister Sir Winston S. Churchill, Admiral Andrew Cunningham 1st Viscount and empire to twentieth century literature. The items in which you will find these signatures are nearly as diverse as the Cunningham of Hyndhope, Air Chief Marshal Hugh Dowding 1st Baron Dowding of Bentley Priory, William Ebor (Temple) Archbishop of York, Sir Whatever authors you collect, we are able to help signers.
    [Show full text]
  • APPENDIX I the Carlton Club Meeting, 19 October 1922
    APPENDIX I The Carlton Club Meeting, 19 October 1922 This appendix lists the vote at the Carlton Club Meeting of all Conservative M.P.s It is based on a list in the Austen Chamber­ lain Papers (AC/33/2/92), and has been checked against public statements by the M.P.s of their votes at the meeting. In two cases the public statements disagreed with Chamberlain's list. They were Sir R. Greene (Hackney North) and C. Erskine-Bolst (Hackney South). Chamberlaine's list said that Greene supported the Coalition, while Erskine-Bolst opposed it. The two men indicated that they had the opposite opinion, and their votes may have been transposed in Chamberlain's list. The appendix gives information on the attitude of Conserva­ tive M.P.s towards the Coalition before the Carlton Club Meet­ ing, and it also lists some M.P.s who were present but who according to Chamberlain did not vote. R. R. James, using a different source, published a list of the M.P.s voting at the Carlton Club (Memoirs Of A Conservative, 130-3). He gave the total vote as 185 opponents of the Coalition, and 88 supporters, and he lists 184 opponents of the Coalition. M.P.s who were listed differently from Chamberlain's accounting were: H. C. Brown (Chamberlain, anti; James, absent) C. Carew (Chamberlain, absent; James, pro) G. L. Palmer (Chamberlain, absent; James, anti) H. Ratcliffe (Chamberlain, absent; James, pro) 222 THE FALL OF LLOYD GEORGE N. Raw (Chamberlain, absent; James, anti) R. G. Sharman-Crawford (Chamberlain, anti; James, absent) R.
    [Show full text]
  • THE FORMULATION of BRITAIN's POLICY TOWARDS EGYPT: 1922-1925 Eugene ROTHMAN a Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philo
    THE FORMULATION OF BRITAIN'S POLICY TOWARDS EGYPT: 1922-1925 Eugene ROTHMAN A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, in the Faculty of Arts, University of London. London, September 1979 ProQuest Number: 10672715 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672715 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT The years immediately following the First World War were extremely important for the formulation of Britain's policy towards Egypt, a British Protectorate since 1914. In this connection, the years 1922 to 1925, the last years of Lord Allenby's tenure as Britain's High Commissioner in Egypt, were critical. Allenby, who was appointed in 1919 in order to suppress nationalist- inspired rioting in Egypt, adopted a surprising policy of moderation. He soon forced the British government to unilaterally declare Egypt's independence in 1922. This apparent success was followed by the adoption of a modern consti­ tution in Egypt and the British withdrawal from the entanglements of Egypt's administration. Still Allenby's career ended in seeming frustration in 1925: negotiations between Britain and Egypt failed in 1924, to be followed by the assassination of the British Governor General of the Sudan, Sir Lee z' Stack, and Allenby's harsh ultimatum to the Egyptian government in November 1924 effectively reinstituting British control of Egypt's administration.
    [Show full text]
  • EAST INDIA CLUB ROLL of HONOUR Regiments the EAST INDIA CLUB WORLD WAR ONE: 1914–1919
    THE EAST INDIA CLUB SOME ACCOUNT OF THOSE MEMBERS OF THE CLUB & STAFF WHO LOST THEIR LIVES IN WORLD WAR ONE 1914-1919 & WORLD WAR TWO 1939-1945 THE NAMES LISTED ON THE CLUB MEMORIALS IN THE HALL DEDICATION The independent ambition of both Chairman Iain Wolsey and member David Keating to research the members and staff honoured on the Club’s memorials has resulted in this book of Remembrance. Mr Keating’s immense capacity for the necessary research along with the Chairman’s endorsement and encouragement for the project was realised through the generosity of member Nicholas and Lynne Gould. The book was received in to the Club on the occasion of a commemorative service at St James’s Church, Piccadilly in September 2014 to mark the centenary of the outbreak of the First World War. Second World War members were researched and added in 2016 along with the appendices, which highlights some of the episodes and influences that involved our members in both conflicts. In October 2016, along with over 190 other organisations representing clubs, livery companies and the military, the club contributed a flagstone of our crest to the gardens of remembrance at the National Memorial Arboretum in Staffordshire. First published in 2014 by the East India Club. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing, from the East India Club.
    [Show full text]
  • Hatfield House Archives PAPERS of Elizabeth, 5 Marchioness Of
    Hatfield House Archives PAPERS OF Elizabeth, 5th Marchioness of Salisbury - file list *Please note that the numbering of these papers is not final* Ref: 5MCH The collection comprises 12 boxes. Boxes 1-8 contain letters in bundles and each bundle has been treated as a file. Except bundle 1 (where the letters were numbered by Betty), letters in Box 1 and Box 2 bundle 1 have been numbered consecutively according to their original bundle e.g. letters in bundle 2 are numbered 2/1 – 57. These bundles were also divided into packets so that they could be foldered. This level of processing and repackaging could not be maintained in the time available for the project so from Box 2 bundle 2 onwards the original bundles have been retained with the total number of letters in each bundle being recorded. Letters are usually annotated with correspondent’s name and date of receipt by Betty, these names/nicknames have been used in the file lists to facilitate locating letters within the bundles. Full names and titles of significant correspondents are given in Appendix A. Unidentified correspondents are listed first for each bundle with additional information that may help to identify them later. Correspondents are listed once for each bundle containing their letter/letters. Box 1a, Box 1b Bundle 6, Box 3 Bundle 12-Box 8 Bundle 14 are listed alphabetically by surname but names have not been reversed Box 1b Bundle 7 & 8, Box 2 Bundle 1-Box 3 Bundle 11 are listed alphabetically by first name or title where no first name is given Box1b Bundles 9-11 and Box 2 Bundle2/1-20 only contain letters from “Bobbety”, Robert Gascoyne-Cecil Boxes 9 & 10 contain personal papers and ephemera which have been listed individually.
    [Show full text]