DOCSLIB.ORG

Harnessing the Power of Recreational SCUBA Divers for Rockfish (Sebastes Spp.) Conservation

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Harnessing the Power of Recreational SCUBA Divers for Rockfish (Sebastes Spp.) Conservation Citizen Science Data Quality: Harnessing the Power of Recreational SCUBA Divers for Rockfish (Sebastes spp.) Conservation by Stefania M. Gorgopa B.Sc., University of British Columbia, 2011 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in the School of Environmental Studies Stefania M. Gorgopa, 2018 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. ii Supervisory Committee Citizen Science Data Quality: Harnessing the Power of Recreational SCUBA Divers for Rockfish (Sebastes spp.) Conservation by Stefania M. Gorgopa B.Sc., University of British Columbia, 2011 Supervisory Committee Dr. John P. Volpe, Supervisor School of Environmental Studies Dr. Jason T. Fisher, Departmental Member School of Environmental Studies Dr. Natalie C. Ban, Departmental Member School of Environmental Studies iii Abstract Supervisory Committee Dr. John P. Volpe, Supervisor School of Environmental Studies Dr. Jason T. Fisher, Departmental Member School of Environmental Studies Dr. Natalie C. Ban, Departmental Member School of Environmental Studies Monitoring rare or elusive species can be especially difficult in marine environments, resulting in poor data density. SCUBA-derived citizen science data has the potential to improve data density for conservation. However, citizen science data quality may be perceived to be of low quality relative to professional data due to a lack of ‘expertise’ and increased observer variability. We evaluated the quality of data collected by citizen science scuba divers for rockfish (Sebastes spp.) conservation around Southern Vancouver Island, Canada. An information- theoretic approach was taken in two separate analyses to address the overarching question: ‘what factors are important for SCUBA-derived citizen science data quality?’. The first analysis identified predictors of variability in precision between paired divers. We found that professional scientific divers did not exhibit greater data precision than recreational divers. Instead, precision variation was best explained by study site and divers’ species identification or recreational training. A second analysis identified what observer and environmental factors correlated with higher resolution identifications (i.e. identified to the species level rather than family or genus). We found divers provided higher resolution identifications on surveys when they had high species ID competency and diving experience. Favorable conditions (high visibility and earlier in the day) also increased taxonomic resolution on dive surveys. With our findings, we are closer to realizing the full potential of citizen science to increase our capacity to monitor rare and elusive species. iv Table of Contents SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE ............................................................................................................... II ABSTRACT............................................................................................................................................... III TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................................................... IV LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................................... VI LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................. VII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................................. VIII CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 CONSERVATION CONTEXT .............................................................................................. 1 1.2 SOLUTIONS FOR MONITORING ........................................................................................ 1 1.3 THESIS STRUCTURE ......................................................................................................... 3 1.4 LITERATURE CITED ......................................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER 2. PRECISION IN ROVING DIVER SURVEYS OF ROCKFISH-FINFISH COMMUNITIES: RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CITIZEN SCIENCE .............................................. 9 2.1 ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................... 9 2.2 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 10 2.3 METHODS ...................................................................................................................... 14 2.4 RESULTS ........................................................................................................................ 18 2.5 DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................... 21 2.6 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................. 25 2.7 LITERATURE CITED ....................................................................................................... 26 2.8 FIGURES AND TABLES ................................................................................................... 33 CHAPTER 3. CITIZEN SCIENCE SCUBA DIVERS REQUIRE SPECIES IDENTIFICATION EXPERTISE FOR HIGH TAXONOMIC RESOLUTION ................................................................... 47 3.1 ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... 47 3.2 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 48 3.3 METHODS ...................................................................................................................... 50 3.4 RESULTS ........................................................................................................................ 53 3.5 DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................... 54 3.6 CONCLUSION ................................................................................................................. 58 3.7 LITERATURE CITED ....................................................................................................... 59 v 3.8 FIGURES AND TABLES ................................................................................................... 64 CHAPTER 4. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................ 74 4.1 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS ................................................................................................ 74 4.2 IMPLEMENTING LONG TERM CITIZEN SCIENCE MONITORING...................................... 74 4.3 LITERATURE CITED ........................................................................................................ 77 APPENDIX A. SUMMARY OF FINFISH DATA ............................................................................. 78 APPENDIX B. INSTRUCTIONS FOR DIVER PARTICIPANTS .................................................. 90 APPENDIX C. DATA COLLECTION SHEET ................................................................................. 97 APPENDIX D. CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL ............................................................................ 98 APPENDIX E. ANNUAL RENEWAL APPROVAL ....................................................................... 100 APPENDIX F. PARTICIPANT CONSENT .................................................................................... 101 APPENDIX G. SPECIES ID QUIZ SAMPLE QUESTIONS ......................................................... 104 APPENDIX H. DIVER PAIR PRECISION ...................................................................................... 106 APPENDIX I. SPECIES LIST .......................................................................................................... 108 vi List of Tables Table 2.1. Summary of site characteristics and sampling effort ................................................... 34 Table 2.2. Raw single-diver variables collected for diver-pair precision models. ....................... 35 Table 2.3. Single-diver variables were transformed for use in diver-pair precision models. ....... 37 Table 2.4 Single-covariate models split into candidate sets according to module. ...................... 39 Table 2.5. Diver-pair precision model selection ........................................................................... 43 Table 2.6. Lists evidence ratios..................................................................................................... 44 Table 2.7. Parameter estimates ..................................................................................................... 44 Table 3.1. Summary of site attributes and sampling effort ........................................................... 64 Table 3.2. List of taxa reported ..................................................................................................... 65 Table 3.3. Independent variables used in proportion-high-resolution-identifications models. .... 67 Table 3.4. Parameter estimates of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Review of Selected California Fisheries for 2013
    FISHERIES REVIEW CalCOFI Rep., Vol. 55, 2014 REVIEW OF SELECTED CALIFORNIA FISHERIES FOR 2013: COASTAL PELAGIC FINFISH, MARKET SQUID, GROUNDFISH, HIGHLY MIGRATORY SPECIES, DUNGENESS CRAB, BASSES, SURFPERCH, ABALONE, KELP AND EDIBLE ALGAE, AND MARINE AQUACULTURE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND WILDLIFE Marine Region 4665 Lampson Ave. Suite C Los Alamitos, CA 90720 [email protected] SUMMARY ings of northern anchovy were 6,005 t with an ex-vessel In 2013, commercial fisheries landed an estimated revenue of greater than $1.0 million. When compared 165,072 metric tons (t) of fish and invertebrates from to landings in 2012, this represents a 141% and 191% California ocean waters (fig. 1). This represents an increase in volume and value, respectively. Nearly all increase of almost 2% from the 162,290 t landed in 2012, (93.6%; 5,621.5 t) of California’s 2013 northern anchovy but still an 11% decrease from the 184,825 t landed catch was landed in the Monterey port area. Landings of in 2011, and a 35% decline from the peak landings of jack mackerel remained relatively low with 892 t landed; 252,568 t observed in 2000. The preliminary ex-vessel however, this represents a 515% increase over 2012 land- economic value of commercial landings in 2013 was ings of 145 t. $254.7 million, increasing once again from the $236 mil- Dungeness crab ranked as California’s second largest lion generated in 2012 (8%), and the $198 million in volume fishery with 14,066 t landed, an increase from 2011 (29%). 11,696 t landed in 2012, and it continued to dominate as Coastal pelagic species (CPS) made up four of the the highest valued fishery in the state with an ex-vessel top five volume fisheries in 2013.
    [Show full text]
  • Cleaning Symbiosis Among California Inshore Fishes
    CLEANING SYMBIOSIS AMONG CALIFORNIA INSHORE FISHES EDMUNDS. HOBSON' ABSTRACT Cleaning symbiosis among shore fishes was studied during 1968 and 1969 in southern California, with work centered at La Jolla. Three species are habitual cleaners: the seAoriF, Ozyjulis californica; the sharpnose seaperch, Phanerodon atripes; and the kelp perch, Brachyistius frenatus. Because of specific differences in habitat, there is little overlap in the cleaning areas of these three spe- cies. Except for juvenile sharpnose seaperch, cleaning is of secondary significance to these species, even though it may be of major significance to certain individuals. The tendency to clean varies between in- dividuals. Principal prey of most members of these species are free-living organisms picked from a substrate and from midwater-a mode of feeding that favors adaptations suited to cleaning. Because it is exceedingly abundant in a variety of habitats, the seiiorita is the predominant inshore cleaning fish in California. Certain aspects of its cleaning relate to the fact that only a few of the many seiioritas present at a given time will clean, and that this activity is not centered around well-defined cleaning stations, as has been reported for certain cleaning fishes elsewhere. Probably because cleaners are difficult to recognize among the many seiioritas that do not clean, other fishes.generally do not at- tempt to initiate-cleaning; rather, the activity is consistently initiated by the cleaner itself. An infest- ed fish approached by a cleaner generally drifts into an unusual attitude that advertises the temporary existence of the transient cleaning station to other fish in need of service, and these converge on the cleaner.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessment of Coastal Water Resources and Watershed Conditions at Channel Islands National Park, California
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Technical Report NPS/NRWRD/NRTR-2006/354 Water Resources Division Natural Resource Program Center Natural Resource Program Centerent of the Interior ASSESSMENT OF COASTAL WATER RESOURCES AND WATERSHED CONDITIONS AT CHANNEL ISLANDS NATIONAL PARK, CALIFORNIA Dr. Diana L. Engle The National Park Service Water Resources Division is responsible for providing water resources management policy and guidelines, planning, technical assistance, training, and operational support to units of the National Park System. Program areas include water rights, water resources planning, marine resource management, regulatory guidance and review, hydrology, water quality, watershed management, watershed studies, and aquatic ecology. Technical Reports The National Park Service disseminates the results of biological, physical, and social research through the Natural Resources Technical Report Series. Natural resources inventories and monitoring activities, scientific literature reviews, bibliographies, and proceedings of technical workshops and conferences are also disseminated through this series. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the National Park Service. Copies of this report are available from the following: National Park Service (970) 225-3500 Water Resources Division 1201 Oak Ridge Drive, Suite 250 Fort Collins, CO 80525 National Park Service (303) 969-2130 Technical Information Center Denver Service Center P.O. Box 25287 Denver, CO 80225-0287 Cover photos: Top Left: Santa Cruz, Kristen Keteles Top Right: Brown Pelican, NPS photo Bottom Left: Red Abalone, NPS photo Bottom Left: Santa Rosa, Kristen Keteles Bottom Middle: Anacapa, Kristen Keteles Assessment of Coastal Water Resources and Watershed Conditions at Channel Islands National Park, California Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Fishes-Of-The-Salish-Sea-Pp18.Pdf
    NOAA Professional Paper NMFS 18 Fishes of the Salish Sea: a compilation and distributional analysis Theodore W. Pietsch James W. Orr September 2015 U.S. Department of Commerce NOAA Professional Penny Pritzker Secretary of Commerce Papers NMFS National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Kathryn D. Sullivan Scientifi c Editor Administrator Richard Langton National Marine Fisheries Service National Marine Northeast Fisheries Science Center Fisheries Service Maine Field Station Eileen Sobeck 17 Godfrey Drive, Suite 1 Assistant Administrator Orono, Maine 04473 for Fisheries Associate Editor Kathryn Dennis National Marine Fisheries Service Offi ce of Science and Technology Fisheries Research and Monitoring Division 1845 Wasp Blvd., Bldg. 178 Honolulu, Hawaii 96818 Managing Editor Shelley Arenas National Marine Fisheries Service Scientifi c Publications Offi ce 7600 Sand Point Way NE Seattle, Washington 98115 Editorial Committee Ann C. Matarese National Marine Fisheries Service James W. Orr National Marine Fisheries Service - The NOAA Professional Paper NMFS (ISSN 1931-4590) series is published by the Scientifi c Publications Offi ce, National Marine Fisheries Service, The NOAA Professional Paper NMFS series carries peer-reviewed, lengthy original NOAA, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, research reports, taxonomic keys, species synopses, fl ora and fauna studies, and data- Seattle, WA 98115. intensive reports on investigations in fi shery science, engineering, and economics. The Secretary of Commerce has Copies of the NOAA Professional Paper NMFS series are available free in limited determined that the publication of numbers to government agencies, both federal and state. They are also available in this series is necessary in the transac- exchange for other scientifi c and technical publications in the marine sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • Toward an Improved Seafood Nomenclature System
    Toward an Improved Seafood Nomenclature System ROY E. MARTIN, WILLARD H. DOYLE, and JAMES R. BROOKER Introduction variety ofproducts can be made from the failure. recovered meat (Martin, 1972, 1974, The seafood industry produces a more The Complexity Problem 1976,1980,1981; Federal Register, 1975; bewildering array of species and prod­ Historically, names have been given USDC, 1975). This is one ofthe areas of ucts than any other food industry, with to certain fish through centuries-old greatest potential expansion for fishery new species and products finding their biological or local populace identifica­ products. way into the marketplace at an ever­ tion procedures (Leudtke, 1973). Names The marketplace for food products has increasing rate (Fig. 1). such as ratfish, hoki, croaker, and whip­ changed drastically in the past few de­ The nomenclature of other groups of tail were attributed to certain species cades. Based on improved processing animals that provide muscle protein are with no regard for consumer appeal or capabilities, there has been tremendous simple, because they involve fewer the edibility characteristics of the fish growth in the number of processed food species (Fig. 2). However, food fish in (Goode, l884). Reliance on this type of products in the marketplace, with sea­ the United States alone encompass some identification and its transfer to products food products representing about 10 per­ 500 different species and worldwide, which contain these species, has been cent of the total. more than 1,000 species have been mar­ the practice in considering "common or Methods for marketing food products keted, each one with its own indi­ usual name" designations in the labeling have also changed.
    [Show full text]
  • 61661147.Pdf
    Resource Inventory of Marine and Estuarine Fishes of the West Coast and Alaska: A Checklist of North Pacific and Arctic Ocean Species from Baja California to the Alaska–Yukon Border OCS Study MMS 2005-030 and USGS/NBII 2005-001 Project Cooperation This research addressed an information need identified Milton S. Love by the USGS Western Fisheries Research Center and the Marine Science Institute University of California, Santa Barbara to the Department University of California of the Interior’s Minerals Management Service, Pacific Santa Barbara, CA 93106 OCS Region, Camarillo, California. The resource inventory [email protected] information was further supported by the USGS’s National www.id.ucsb.edu/lovelab Biological Information Infrastructure as part of its ongoing aquatic GAP project in Puget Sound, Washington. Catherine W. Mecklenburg T. Anthony Mecklenburg Report Availability Pt. Stephens Research Available for viewing and in PDF at: P. O. Box 210307 http://wfrc.usgs.gov Auke Bay, AK 99821 http://far.nbii.gov [email protected] http://www.id.ucsb.edu/lovelab Lyman K. Thorsteinson Printed copies available from: Western Fisheries Research Center Milton Love U. S. Geological Survey Marine Science Institute 6505 NE 65th St. University of California, Santa Barbara Seattle, WA 98115 Santa Barbara, CA 93106 [email protected] (805) 893-2935 June 2005 Lyman Thorsteinson Western Fisheries Research Center Much of the research was performed under a coopera- U. S. Geological Survey tive agreement between the USGS’s Western Fisheries
    [Show full text]
  • Cleaner Shrimp As Biocontrols in Aquaculture
    ResearchOnline@JCU This file is part of the following work: Vaughan, David Brendan (2018) Cleaner shrimp as biocontrols in aquaculture. PhD Thesis, James Cook University. Access to this file is available from: https://doi.org/10.25903/5c3d4447d7836 Copyright © 2018 David Brendan Vaughan The author has certified to JCU that they have made a reasonable effort to gain permission and acknowledge the owners of any third party copyright material included in this document. If you believe that this is not the case, please email [email protected] Cleaner shrimp as biocontrols in aquaculture Thesis submitted by David Brendan Vaughan BSc (Hons.), MSc, Pr.Sci.Nat In fulfilment of the requirements for Doctorate of Philosophy (Science) College of Science and Engineering James Cook University, Australia [31 August, 2018] Original illustration of Pseudanthias squamipinnis being cleaned by Lysmata amboinensis by D. B. Vaughan, pen-and-ink Scholarship during candidature Peer reviewed publications during candidature: 1. Vaughan, D.B., Grutter, A.S., and Hutson, K.S. (2018, in press). Cleaner shrimp are a sustainable option to treat parasitic disease in farmed fish. Scientific Reports [IF = 4.122]. 2. Vaughan, D.B., Grutter, A.S., and Hutson, K.S. (2018, in press). Cleaner shrimp remove parasite eggs on fish cages. Aquaculture Environment Interactions, DOI:10.3354/aei00280 [IF = 2.900]. 3. Vaughan, D.B., Grutter, A.S., Ferguson, H.W., Jones, R., and Hutson, K.S. (2018). Cleaner shrimp are true cleaners of injured fish. Marine Biology 164: 118, DOI:10.1007/s00227-018-3379-y [IF = 2.391]. 4. Trujillo-González, A., Becker, J., Vaughan, D.B., and Hutson, K.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Running Head: Southern California Kelp Forests Effects of Local Deforestation on the Diversity and Structure of Southern Califor
    Running head: Southern California kelp forests Effects of local deforestation on the diversity and structure of southern California giant kelp forest food webs (in press: Ecosystems) Michael H. Graham* Center for Population Biology University of California Davis, California, 95616, USA *Current Address: Moss Landing Marine Laboratories 8272 Moss Landing Road Moss Landing, California, 95039, USA Phone: (831) 771-4481 Fax: (831) 632-4403 Email: [email protected] 1 Abstract It has been hypothesized that the high diversity of giant kelp forests is due primarily to the provision of energy and habitat by the giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera). In this paper, I use a 19-year-long kelp forest monitoring data set from the Channel Islands National Park to (1) identify associations between subtidal species and forested or deforested habitats, (2) generate an idealized food web for southern California giant kelp forests in order to identify the primary conduits of energy flow through the system, and (3) determine changes in the diversity and complexity of this food web due to localized giant kelp deforestation. A total of 275 common species were observed in the Park between 1982 and 2000, of which 36% occurred significantly more often in kelp-forested areas than in deforested areas (i.e. sea urchin barrens); 25 species were found exclusively in forested areas. Most of these associations could be clearly identified as trophic and/or structural associations with giant kelp itself. The producer level of the food web was diverse, although giant kelp apparently represents the greatest single source of fixed carbon through either direct grazing or the production of phytodetritus.
    [Show full text]
  • The Biology and Assessment of Rockfishes in Puget Sound
    STATE OF WASHINGTON September 2009 The Biology and Assessment of Rockfishes in Puget Sound by Wayne A. Palsson, Tien-Shui Tsou, Greg G. Bargmann, Raymond M. Buckley, Jim E. West, Mary Lou Mills, Yuk Wing Cheng, and Robert E. Pacunski Washington Department of FISH AND WILDLIFE Fish Program Fish Management FPT 09-04 The Biology and Assessment of Rockfishes in Puget Sound By Wayne A. Palsson, Tien-Shui Tsou, Greg G. Bargmann, Raymond M. Buckley, Jim E. West, Mary Lou Mills, Yuk Wing Cheng, and Robert E. Pacunski Fish Management Division, Fish Program Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife September 2009 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This technical review supports and is a source document for the Puget Sound Rockfish Conservation Plan. It summarizes the current knowledge of rockfish biology in Puget Sound (life history, habitat usage, and ecosystem linkages), provides an overview of the exploitation history of rockfishes, and examines their current stock status. The review also includes a series of recommendations to improve the understanding and management of rockfishes in Puget Sound. Puget Sound includes all the inland marine waters of Washington including the U.S. portions of the Straits of Juan de Fuca and Georgia, the San Juan Islands, Puget Sound proper, and Hood Canal. Rockfishes are bottomfishes managed under the auspices of the Puget Sound Groundfish Management Plan and are co-managed with the Treaty Tribes of Washington. The present management plan by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife implements a precautionary policy for groundfish management. However, previous management efforts have ranged from targeting recreational and commercial fisheries on rockfish to passive management.
    [Show full text]
  • REPORTS Revisiting the Fish Remains from CA-SLO-2
    Journal of California and Great Basin Anthropology | Vol. 38, No. 1 (2018) | pp. 101–118 REPORTS Revisiting the Fish Remains were important as well, but comparisons between from CA-SLO-2, Diablo Canyon, methods and the use of micromesh samples do not San Luis Obispo County, necessarily indicate the relative importance of small versus large fish. Diachronic comparisons from all three California: Searching for the samples indicate that fishing increased during the Middle Elusive Wolf-eel (Anarrhichthys Period. Two of the three data sets suggest that fishing ocellatus) then declined at Diablo Canyon during the Late Period. KENNETH W. GOBALET Excavations in 1968 at CA-SLO-2, located at Diablo Department of Biology, Emeritus, Canyon in San Luis Obispo County, California (Fig. 1), California State University, Bakersfield, CA 93311 yielded one of the larger trans-Holocene faunal Current Address: 625 Wisconsin St., San Francisco, CA 94107 collections from western North America. The site was TERRY L. JONES originally excavated and described by Greenwood (1972), Department of Social Sciences, but limited resources prevented a complete analysis of California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, CA 93407-0329 faunal materials. John Fitch, a fisheries biologist with the California Department of Fish and Game, devoted John Fitch’s (1972) report on CA-SLO-2 is perhaps the an inordinate effort to the identification of 12,161 fish single most iconic study of fish remains in California. The elements from one column sample (Fitch 1972), leaving site was excavated by Roberta Greenwood in 1968, and most of the larger vertebrate remains unstudied for more Fitch devoted over 900 hours to the analysis of (mostly) than 35 years (Jones et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Scale) Material in Coastal British Columbia and an Assessment of the Utility of Various Scale Types in Paleofisheries Reconstruction
    Palaeontologia Electronica http://palaeo-electronica.org ATLAS OF COMMON SQUAMATOLOGICAL (FISH SCALE) MATERIAL IN COASTAL BRITISH COLUMBIA AND AN ASSESSMENT OF THE UTILITY OF VARIOUS SCALE TYPES IN PALEOFISHERIES RECONSTRUCTION R. Timothy Patterson, Cynthia Wright, Alice S. Chang, Leslie A. Taylor, Patrick D. Lyons, Audrey Dallimore, and Arun Kumar R. Timothy Patterson. Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Center and Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6 CANADA. Cynthia Wright. Institute of Ocean Sciences, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 9860 West Saanich Rd., Sid- ney, BC, V8L 4B2, CANADA Alice S. Chang. Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Center and Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton Univer- sity, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6 CANADA. Leslie A. Taylor. Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, CANADA. Patrick D. Lyons. Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, CAN- ADA. Audrey Dallimore. Ottawa-Carleton Geoscience Center and Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton Uni- versity, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6 CANADA. Arun Kumar. Department of Earth Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, CANADA. ABSTRACT Squamatological (fish scale) material from 48 common species found in coastal waters of British Columbia is presented. Fish-scale remains of extant species are well- preserved in Holocene core sediments in various anoxic basins along the coast of Brit- ish Columbia. These remains are of considerable value in assessing natural variation in fish populations over time. Comparative micrographs of modern fish scales as well as an assessment of their preservation potential is provided. Photographs of various scales preserved in the sedimentary record (e.g., herring, rockfish, sardines, surfperch) are provided and discussed in the context of the taphonomic alteration that typically occurs after burial.
    [Show full text]
  • Vessel Spill Response Technologies
    VESSEL SPILL RESPONSE TECHNOLOGIES GULF OF THE FARALLONES AND CORDELL BANK NATIONAL MARINE SANCTUARIES Report of a Joint Working Group of the Gulf of the Farallones and Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuaries Advisory Councils June 2012 We would like to thank: PRBO Conservation Science for supporting the working group's meetings and the institutions, agencies, and organizations that supported their staff and representatives in participating. iii Working Group Members Yvonne Addassi, Office of Spill Prevention and Response, CA Dept. of Fish and Game Sarah Allen, Ocean Stewardship Program, National Park Service Richard Charter, Ocean Foundation; GFNMS Advisory Council Barbara Emley, San Francisco Community Fishing Association; GFNMS Advisory Council Ellen Faurot-Daniels, Office of Spill Prevention and Response, CA Dept. of Fish and Game Jaime Jahncke (Chair), PRBO Conservation Science; GFNMS and CBNMS Adv. Councils Gerry McChesney, Farallon National Wildlife Refuge, US Fish and Wildlife Service Renee McKinnon, US Coast Guard - Sector San Francisco (June 2011- February 2012) James Nunez, US Coast Guard - Sector San Francisco (March 2012 - June 2012) Patrick Rutten (Chair), NOAA Restoration Center; GFNMS Advisory Council Deb Self, San Francisco Baykeeper (June 2011- February 2012) Jordan Stout, Office of Response and Restoration, NOAA Bob Wilson, Farallones Marine Sanctuary Association; Marine Mammal Center; GFNMS Advisory Council Ian Wren, San Francisco Baykeeper (March 2012 - June 2012) Invited Agency Observers Leslie Abramson, Gulf of
    [Show full text]