ISSN 0704-3716

CANADIAN TRANSLATION OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES

No. 4838

Oligochaetes of the River and the Reservoir

by T.V. Akinshina and A.A. Tomilov

Original Title: Oligokhety r. Angary i Bratskogo vodokhranilishcha

From: Gidrobiol. Issled. Vodoyomov Sibiri p. 104-112, 1976.

Translated by the Translation Bûreau (NDE) Multilingual Services Division Department of the Secretary of State of Canada

Department of Fisheries and Oceans Institute of Ocean Sciences Sidney, B.C.

1982

13 pages typescript DEPARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE SECRÉTARIAT D'ÉTAT TRANSLATION BUREAU BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS

MULTILINGUAL SERVICES DIVISION DES SERVICES CANADA DIVISION MULTILINGUES

a 7-A:i./.5 TRANSLATED FROM - TRADUCTION DE INTO - EN Russian English

AUTHOR - AUTEUR T.V. Akinshina and A.A. Tomilov

TITLE IN ENGLISH - TITRE ANGLAIS Oligochaetes of the Angara River and the

TITLE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (TRANSLITERATE FOREIGN CHARACTERS) TITRE EN LANGUE ÉTRANGÉRE (TRANSCRIRE EN CARACTÈRES ROMAINS) Oligokhety r. Angary i Bratskogo vodokhranilishcha

REFERENCE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE (NAME OF BOOK OR PUBLICATION) IN FULL. TRANSLITERATE FOREIGN CHARACTERS. RÉFÉRENCE EN LANGUE ÉTRANGÉRE (NOM DU LIVRE OU PUBLICATION), AU COMPLET, TRANSCRIRE EN CARACTÈRES ROMAINS. Gidrobiol. issled. vodoyomov Sibiri

REFERENCE IN ENGLISH - RÉFÉRENCE EN ANGLAIS Hydrobiological Study of Siberian Water Bodies

PUBLISHER - ÉDITEUR PAGE NUMBERS IN ORIGINAL DATE OF PUBLICATION NUMÉROS DES PAGES DANS not available DATE DE PUBLICATION L'ORI GINAL 104-112 YEAR ISSUE NO. VOLUME PLACE OF PUBLICATION ANNÉE N UM ÉRO NUMBER OF TYPED PAGES LIEU DE PUBLICATION NOMBRE DE PAGES DACTYLOGRAPHIÉES , USSR 1976 13

REQUESTING DEPARTMENT D F 0 TRANSLATION BLIREAU NO. MINISTÈRE-CLIENT NOTRE DOSSIER Nu 861173

BRANCH OR DIVISION S .I.P.B. TRANSLATOR (INITIA LS) N. De. DIRECTION OU DIVISION TRADUCTEUR (INITIALES)

PERSON REQUESTING DEMANDÉ PAR Dr. R. Brinkhurst UNEDITED TRANSLATION

YOUR NUMBER For information only VOTRE DOSSIER N 0 TRADUCTION NON REVISEE

DATE OF REQUEST January 28, 1982 Information seulernent DATE DE LA DEMANDE

zDA a 1982

SOS-200-1043 (REV. 2/68) 7830-21-029-5353 Ki& Secretary Secrétariat 19nr of State d'État

MULTILINGUAL SERVICES DIVISION — DIVISION DES SERVICES MULTILINGUES

TRANSLATION BUREAU BUREAU DES TRADUCTIONS

Client's No.-1\1 0 du client Department — Ministère _ Division/Branch — Division/Direction City — Ville D F 0 S.I.P.B. Sidney, B.C.

Bureau No.—No du bureau Language — Langue Translator (Initials) — Traducteur (Initiales) 861173 Russian N. De. "AM 1 3 1982

Gidrobiol. issled. vodoyomov Sibiri (Hydrobiological Study of Siberian Water Bodies), 1976, pp. 104-112 (104)*

Oligochaetes of the Angara R. and the Bratsk Reservoir by T.V. Akinshina and A.A. Tomilov Oligochaetes are one of the leading groups of the zoobenthos in many of the artificially created water bodies, especially ponds and reservoirs. They are frequently superior to the other groups of invertebrates in numbers and biomass. Because of this, the ben- Z 0 42 thic laboratory of the Biological and Geographic Research Institute, .47 tIJ < g E 41) Reservoir from it 2 ••r, which has taken part in a joint study of the Bratsk Z 0 0 i; e the Ce (.12 the year it was filled (from 1964), has attempted to establish EZ g CI o0 I role of oligochaetes in the formation of the benthos, their quanti- Lu É CZ4 16 ‘12 among other invertebrates, and their horizontal Lu tative relations Z Ci »— D Ce and vertical distribution in the water body. We have studied the taxonomic composition in order to establish the dominant families, genera and species, and have attempted to establish the role of the Baikal endemic species (of those previously inhabiting the Angara R.) in the present-day bottom fauna of the reservoir. This paper is based on the material brought back by the 1967- 1968 expeditions conducted in the Angara sector of the reservoir, as well as on series of year-round collections of zoobenthos taken every ten days (1970-1971) and every week (1971-1972) at permanent

*The numbers In the rïght-hand margIn are the pages of the Russîan text - translator

SEC 5-25T (Rev. 6/78) 16, stations of the section. Samples of the zoobenthos were taken three times at each station, with a Petersen bottom sampler, DCh-0.025. In 1967-1968, samples were taken at 293 stations along the lines of transverse sections for 10-20 km along the entire Angara sector of the reservoir, and at a large number of stations in the bays of Unga, Uda, Osa, Odissa, Yelovka, Kui, Balya, Zyaba and Kezhma- Kezhemskaya.

The Balagansk section is found near the town of Balagansk, 107 km from where the backwater begins to peter out (), in the middle of the reservoir. The stations are located on a transverse section through the Balagansk expansion of the reservoir from the left shore at depths of 1, 3, 5, 8, 12, 25 and 42 m in succession. The last station is found in the trough of the former Angara river bed. Oligochaetes comprised a large group of the benthos on the soft sandy-muddy and muddy substrates in the area:of the Angara now occu- pied by the Bratsk Reservoir even before its formation. According (10.5 to the data of N.V. Vershinin [1], they constituted an average 0.15-

6.4 g/m2 or from 16 to 80% of the biomass of the entire benthos in the upper half of this area which extends for 225 km between Malaya Buret' and Atalanka. In some places, e.g. near Konovalovo (in the part of the river adjacent to a sand bar along the shore), their 2 biomass reached 27 g/m . On 4 sections in the lower half of the area extending for 235 km between Atalanka and Bratsk,oligochaetés constituted an insignifi- cant part of the benthos 0.1-5.8% of the biomass or 0.03-1.2 g/m 2 . In comparison with the upper half of the area, here we observed a 6-fold decrease in the biomass of oligochaetes, which corresponded to the decrease in their population density.

Above the Bratsk Reservoir, in the Angara R. below Irkutsk,

R.A. Golyshkina [3] noted concentrations of oligochaetes with a bio- mass of up to 63 g/m2 on gray mud with detritus and sand, and 21.7 g/m2 on fine gray mud.

In the lakes of the Angara floodplain, which are found on is- lands, the proportion of oligochaetes was extremely low with a high biomass of the benthos (from 6 to 81 g/m2) [1].

Thus, before the Bratsk Reservoir came into being, oligochaetes were an important group of the benthos in the Angara R., especially on silted sands and in the muds of the river bed, behind the islands and sand bars, in quiet channels and backwaters. An interesting peculiarity was nôted in the distribution of oligochaetes, i.e. they were more abundant in the part of the river from Irkutsk to Atalanka, than in its lower part from Atalanka to Bratsk.

The same was observed during the years the reservoir was being filled. N.V. Vershinin and A.V. Sycheva [2] indicate that, iA July of 1963, the average biomass of oligochaetes in the former Angara river-bed in the upper and lower parts of the reservoir diminished from 4.0-2.5 to 0.5 g/m2 respectively, and the percentage of oligo- chaetes in the biomass of the entire benthos also decreased.

By the time the reservoir had been filled (1967-1968), oligo- chaetes were distributed extensively, but nonuniformly. In the bays of the upper part of the rèservoir, where the conditions are the .eutro hic closest_to those of shallôw .,lpLkes, oligochaetes are of secondary importance and do not comprise more than an average 3-8% of the whole biomass of zoobenthos. In the deep bays of the middle and lower parts (Balya, Kezhma, Zyaba) which are found in the zone, oligochaetes constitute 10-11% of the biomass, their numbers usually increasing with depth, toward the boundaries of the bays. The following changes in density, biomass and the quantitative significance of oligochaetes in the benthos are observed within the boundaries of the Angara stretch of water (without the bays), from the top of the reservoir (Svirsk) to the dam of the Bratsk Hydro- electric Power Plant. The upper part, which extends for 45 km, is (106 not very deep (up to 20 m) and has a slow, attenuated current. The littoral zone (0-5 m) occupies 1144 hectares, i.e. 7.6% of the en- • tire area of this sector which covers 15,022 hectares. Oligochaetes populate the entire bottom, and are characterized by a high density and biomass (table 1). They are scarce only in the near-shore strip (from 0 to 1 m). However, - às the bottom descends , the num- ber of oligochaetes on the profile of each of the 4 sections increases and reaches its maximum in the former Angara river bed. Because of this, the average biomass in the profundal zone is 4 times greater (16.1 g/m2 ) than in the littoral zone (4.1 g/m2 ). Oligochaetes dominate both in the profundal zone (88%) and in the littoral (65%), constituting 87.2% and 15.2 . g of the whole zoobenthic biomass in this area as a whole. Oligochaetes are equally scarce throughout the littoral zone in the middle and lower sectors (see table 1), their biomass averaging 0.32 g which is only 4.6% of the entire (107) benthos. However, the Oligochaeta sharply predominate over the other groups of animals in the profundal zone. The number of worms, their biomass and their percentage in the biomass of the entire benthos per square metre increase as we move farther from shore and as the depth increases (table 2). At one time, I.N. Zabayeva [5], O.M. Kozhova and A.A. Tomilov [6] had indicated that the popu- lation density of oligochaetes and their biomass in the profundal zone diminished from the upper sector to the lower. The average biomass (g/m 2 ) of oligochaetes is 16.1 in the upper sector, 13.2 in the middle sector and 1.4 in the lower sector, i.e. it is 10 times greater in the upper half of the reservoir (267 km along the median), as compared with the lower sector (233 km along the median). The abundance of oligochaetes and their dominance in the ben- thos of the entire Angara stretch of the reservoir is not an unex- pected occurrence, and should be attributed not only to the flow regulation of the Angara. In the past, oligochaetes had populated the bottom of the river,and formed large concentrations under con- ditions of a retarded flow, and their abundance diminished down- stream, as the distance from the most populated part of the Angara region increased. The same quantitative distribution of oligochaetes is preserved along the Angara stretch in the Bratsk Reservoir, as in the Angara prior to the filling of the reservoir. As before, the oligochaete population in the lower half of the reservoir, found in the sparsely populated taiga zone, is much' smaller than in the upper half. This can be attributed to the fact that the abundance of bligochaetes depends on the inflow of organic matter with in- dustrial, agricultural and domestic sewage into the Angara R. which is the largest stream feeding the Bratsk Reservoir. Table 1. Biomass (g/m2) of oligochaetes and its percentage in the E-enthos of the Angara stretch of water (without the bays) in 1967-1968

Length Littoral 'zone ' Prof undal zone Sectors Sec- along Area, Bio- Area, Bio- I % tions median, ha mass ha mass km

Upper 1-4 45 1144 4.1. 65 13878 16.1 88 Middle 5-15 222 73120 13.2 87 Lower 16-25 233 27522 0.32 4.6 107890 1.4 81 Along entire stretch of water (weight- ed average) 28666 194888 6.88 87

Table 2. Vertical distribution of oligochaetes and their biomass in the Balagansk Section (middle sector of reservoir in August 1971 - December 1972) . Biomàss,. - Station Depth, No. of Entire Olïgo- Oligochaetes,% No. m stations benthos chaetes

1 17 6.56 0.005 0.01 3 60 3.69 0.021 0.06 5 28 2.63 0.35 13.0 8 57 2.99 0.41 14.0 12 24 4.61 1.08 23.0 25 81 13.7 8.9 65.0 42 60 39.5 36.1 91.0

The oligochaete fauna of the Angara R. was not subjected to

any special taxonomic study, and so this group of annelids is still

not very well known. The first reference to it is found in a paper

by I.I. Greze [4] who notes the high density of Propappus volki

(family Enchytraeidae) in the lower reaches of the Angara. Table 3. Oligochaetes of the Bratsk Reservoir

Angara sector ls Naine of.spe.cies jFrom 'IBala- :+. ba.. - -'gansk : sa _I water Section

1 tu ^daTtr 3 4

Fam.Naididae Stylaria lacustris (Linnaeus) S. . fossularis Leidy Vcjdovskiella comata (Vejdov.) V. intermedia (Bretscher) Slavin3 appendiCulata (Udekem) Nais communis Piguet + • t N. elinguis Müller + -^- + .N, variabilis Piguet -i- -f- N. pardalis Piguet I, + N. pseudobtusa Piguet -f ' ' - -•I- ^ ' {• N. koshowi Sok. +. N. bekmani Sok. .^ 14, barbata' Müller -}- -i- N. gen. sp. -I- 5pecaria josinae (Vejdov.). + Ophidonais serpentina - + (Miillcr) Uncinais uncinata (Oersted) .t- U, minor Sok. -i- Chaetogaster diaphanus,_ + + Gruith. Fam. Tubificidae Aulodrilus limnobius Bretscher -ir Rhyacodrilus coccineus (Vejdov.) lZh. korotnefli (Mich) Rh. multispinus tipica (Mich,) Isochactides arenarius (Mich)* I. baicalensis (Mich.)... I. michaelseni Last. Limnodrilus udekemianus Clap. L. profundicola Piguet_ L. hoffineisteri Clap. L; claparedeanus Ratz. Ilyodrilus templetoni South. Tubifex tubifex (A4üller) T.8 ignotus (Stols) . Peloscolex ferox (Eisen) .;.. .i- P. inflatus Mich.*) P: velutinus Grube F. am; Lumbriculidae Lumbriculus variegatus (A,lüllcr) Lamprodrilus wagneri Mich.. 1L. isoporus Mich. , . •i^ Teleuscolex grubei Mich. ,_ • _ + Si:vloscolex asymmetricus- + isoss. Famy Lycodrilidae Lvcodrilus schizochaetus Mich. + -i- -I- L. parvu Mich. + + am. . Enchytraeidae Enchytraeus sp.

N o t e : Darker print marks Baikâl endemics. (*) marks,the presence of certain morphological differences from the specimens described from .

Table 4. Relationship of Tubificidae and Lumbriculidae in the benthos of the Angara sector of the Bratsk Reservoir, abundance (no.of specimens) and biomass (g) per square metre

nhifickae Lumbricitlidae Km Section Depth, m spec.-1 specii mens • mens

13,5 3980 7,9 40 0,1 10 , 9820 7,4 660 1,5 9 16140 23,5 20 0,4 ' 13 15500 10,1 4520 6,3 10 1740 0,9 760 2,7

107. 7 , 27 6040 7,2 , • • 40 33360 21,0 1720 8,0 23 8560 6,0 31 11420 10,4 660 7,3 , b 25 4440 6,6 . , 34 6840 3,6 20 0,02 ' 3 2 20300 30,1 . • /

205 11 22 300 0,48 .54 .10020. 10,3 300 1,1 . 56 2041 • 0,8 ' , 47 7560 4,5 43 20340 51,1 , 41 300 0,9

267 15 51 6140 5,5 , 11 692 . 1,1 ■ 36 , 8080 9,6 . 2380 6,1 1 53 ' , 11340 14,4 400 1,7 2760 7,8 240 0,9 ' 60 , 20 340 1,7 56 . , 8Q. 0,06 140 0,35

20 , 2405 5,0 63 2400 0,1 40 0,01 71 ' • 3840 9,7 71 3220 3,7 • 71 9640 • 11,7 68 260 0,8 6 ) , , 10 - 0,006

462 25 - 100 - ' 80 0,1 ‘ '101 ' . 16660 ‘ 14,0 • 97 3100 1,3 . 92 , 12090 21,0 Table 5. Relationship between the Tubificidae and Lumbriculidae in the river bed and backwater zones of the bottom in the Balagansk Section in 1972 Average Average % % Frequency Oligochaetes abundance/ biomass, numbers biomass of occur- spec/m2 g/m2 rence, % Former river bed, depth 42 m

Tubificidae 22,904 25.3 97.6 78 100 Tubifex tubifex 18,996 23.1 79.8 70.9 100 Lumbriculidae 439 6.8 2 21.9 91 Former floodplain, depth 25 m

Tubificidae 14,737 11.2 97.9 98.2 100 Tubifex tubifex 12,442 10.3 82.7 91.1 100 Lumbriculidae 18 0.1 0.1 1.1 24

O.V. Chekanovskaya [7] found 7 species in the few hydrobiologi- cal collections from the lower reaches of the Angara. The more numerous oligochaete collections from the Yenisei R. enabled her to establish 23 species, 8 of which are Baikal endemics which found their way into the Yenisei via the Angara. Only three of these 8 species have been encountered in the Angara. N.V. Vershinin and A.V. Sycheva [2] added to the list of oligo- chaetes by studying the Angara sector of the Bratsk Reservoir during the first years that it was being filled (1961-1964). They note 8 species, 5 of which are named for the first time, but they do not mention the Baikal species. (108 Thus, the brief investigations on the oligochaete annelid worms of the Angara R. and Bratsk Reservoir have enabled us to establish 14 species, among which 3 are of Baikal origin (Rhyacod-

rilus korotneffi, Lycodrilus schizochaetus, Peloscolex sp.). To these we can add the 5 Baikal species found in the Yenisei, which should also be included in the fauna of the Angara and have remained unknown only because the oligochaeta fauna of the Angara is less researched than the Yenisei fauna. Investigations on the oligochaetes of the Bratsk Reservoir were begun by BGNII* in 1964 when their role in the benthos became evi- è dent. Staff members of this Institute (I.S. Zabayeva:Land T*._VAkinr_- shina) were joined by a number of specialists of the Institute of Biology of Inland Waters of the USSR Academy of Sciences (T.L. Poddubnaya and V.P. Semernoi) and Petrozavodsk University (V.I. Popchenko) to determine the taxonomic rank of the oligochaetes. As a result of the 1966-1972 collections, 44 species of oligo- chaetes belonging to the following five families were found in the Bratsk Reservoir (Angara and sectors): Naididae - 19, Tubifici- dae - 17, Lumbriculidae - 5, Lycodrilidae - . 2, Enchytraeidae - 1 (table 3). Alongside the Palearctic species, we encountered 13 species of the Baikal endemic fauna, which constituted almost 1/3 of the total number of species (Naididae - 3, Tubificidae - 5, Lumbriculidae - 3, Lycodrilidae - 2). Twenty-two species from four families were encountered at the permanent stations of the Balagansk Section (Naididae - 10, Tubifi- cidae - 7, Lumbriculidae - 3, Lycodrilidae - 2). The worms of two families dominate, Tubificidae and Lumbriculidae. Approximately 77,000 worms from 44 samples were examined in collections_from a depth of 42 m from January to Deceffiber. 97.6% of these worms be- longed to the Tubificidae, 2.0% to the Lumbriculidae and 0.4% to

presumably the Biolàgical and Geographic Research Institute - transi the Naididae. 78% of the entire biomass was made up by the Tubifi-

cidae, and 21.9% by the Lumbriculidae.

The Lumbriculidae are for the most part the largest of the

annelid worms of the Bratsk Reservoir. They are represented by 4

genera in this reservoir, including the Baikal endemic genus Teleu-

scolex. Two of these genera, .Bamprodrilus and Styloscolex, are

basically Baikal genera, and the fourth genus, Lumbriculus, is

a common one. The most prolific species are Teleuscolex grubei and

Lamprodrilus isoporus, the first one being the dominant species.

A reliable quantitative correlation of these two species in the

samples can be presented only on the basis of the sexually mature worms, as the juvenile lumbriculids are practically indistinguish- (110; able. Mature T. grubei constituted more than 62% and L. isoporus

38% in the collections for the indicated period.

Tubifex tubifex (family Tubificidae) is the most prolific oligo-

chaete species in the vicinity of the Balagansk expansion. In sam-

ples of the benthos from a depth of 42 m from July 1969 to July 1970,

the maximum number of worms per square metre was 23,000 with a bio-

mass of 37 g, and the minimum number was 3400 with a b3omass of 5 g.

During January-December 1972, T. tubifex constituted 79.8% or 4/5

of all the worms in the samples, and approximately 71% of their

total weight. During this period, the total biomass of oligochaetes

averaged 32.2 g with their numbers at 23,429, including 23.1 g and

18,966 specimens of T. tubifex. The biomass varied from 8.4 to

46.9 g/m2 during the different Tnonths, and the biomass of all the

worms varied from 9.4 to 69 g/m2. The maximum abundance of T. tubi-

fex for this period was 36,242 specR.mens, and the minimum abundance

7993 specimens. Worms of the two dominant families (Tubificidae and Lumbricu- lidae) are distributed throughout the Angara sector of the reservoir. Tubificids are encountered at all the stations and greatly predomi- nate over the lumbriculids in numbers and biomass. Table 4 contains data on the numbers and biomass of these families of worms from samples examined randomly from stations located in 6 sections, from the top of the reservoir (section 1) to the dam of the hydroelectric power plant (section 25). In some places, the lumbriculids form fairly large concentrations, 2000-5000 worms with a biomass of 2-8 g/m2 , and not only in the lowest places of the former river bed which they previously inhabited. However, they are encountered more frequently in the river bed, than beyond it. In 13 sections (90 stations), the frequency of occurrence of lumbriculids is 46% in the former Angara river bed, and 24% in the former floodplain. In the upper half of the reservoir (267 km), the frequency of occur- (112 rence of lumbriculids is 89% in the river bed and 42% in the flood- plain; in the lower half, it is 5% in the river bed and 7% in the floodplain. Tubificids are encountered at all the stations (98- 100%). This applies primarily to T. tubifex which constitutes over 80% of all the worms of this family everywhere, both in numbers and biomass. The relationship between the Lumbriculidae, Tubificidae and the species T. tubifex in the river bed and backwater zones is especially clear at two stations of the Balagansk section (table 5). References 1. N.V. Vershinin. Food reserves of the fish of the Middle Angara prior to flow regulatioii (bottom fauna). IN: Fishes and Food Reserves of the River and Reservoir Basins of Eastern . Tr. Krasnoyarsk. otd. SibNII rybn. khoz-va, 1967, V. 9. r

r 2. N.V. Vershinin, A.V. Sycheva. Formation of food reserves and their utilization by fish during the filling of the Bratsk Reservoir. Ibid.

3. R.A. Golyshkina. The zoobenthos of the Angara River. Author's abstract of Candidate's dissertation. Irkutsk, 1970.

4. I.I. Greze. Hydrobiology of the lower reaches of the Angara River. Tr. Vses. gidrobiol. ob-va, 1953, v. 5.

5. I.N. Zabayeva. Oligochaetes of the Bratsk Reservoir. IN: Mater. pervoi konf. molodykh uch. Published by the Irkutsk State University, 1970.

6. O.M. Kozhova, A.A. Tomilov. Hydrobiology of the Bratsk Reservoir in connection with its potential utilization. IN: Kompleks. issled. vodokhranilishch, 1973, No. 2. Published by State University.

7. O.V. Chekanovskaya. On the oligochaete fauna of the Yenisei Basin. Zool. zhurnal, 1956, v. 35, No. 5.

1. H. B. BepwHHHH, Kop%tosbie pecypcbl pbi6 cpeilHeil Allrapbl go 3a- per•y,anposaHH51cTOKa (.¢oliHax (payna).- B c6.: «Pbi6bi n xop-,,ioabie pecyp- Cbi 6aCCeHHOB peK H 130,ROXpaHii7ilHj BOcTOT{H03i CI16Hpii». «Tp. KpaciroRp- cKOro OTu. CH6HiII4 p1,16HOro. xo3-Ba», T. 9, 1967. 2. H. B. BepWHHHH, A. B. CbI9eBa. «)op\SIIpOBaHHe KOp\fOBbiX' pecypcoB }I HCn0:Ib3oBaHlie ex pb16aMII B np.o4ecce 3anolnieHHa bpaTCxorO BoRoxpa- Hitziwxa. TaM xce, 3. P,^ A. I'onbiwxHHa. 3oo6eHTOC pexH Allrapbi. AB•ropecpepaT xax^H- icaTCxoH ,aHCcepTaunii. I3pxyTCK, 1970. - 4, H. H. I'pe3e. I'Hpu66Ho:torxH 11113oBbes peKli AHrapht.- «Tp. Bcec. po6nonorHV, o6-Ba», T. 5, 1953. ' 5. H. H. 3a6aeBa. O,nnroxez•bt BpaTCKOro BoRoxpaHlinliHta.- B c6.: «NIa- TepHaJlbi nep&o1i xOH(pepeHliiIH ,iolloAbT7i y!iellbiX», 1431L- HpKyTCxoro roc. ynxsepCHTeTa, 1970. • 6. O. M. Kô}Koaa, A. A. ToMHaoB. I'I11tpo6HonornH fipaTcxoro Bozçoxpa- HHJIHnTa B ÇBH3H C B03MO?KHbIM er0 ISCnO:Ib3oBaHHe\i.- B c6.: «Ko\In:IeiCCnbie Hcc,aeAOBanaH BoAoxpannnnu{», BbIn. 2, 113.q. hil'Y, 1973. 7. 0..'B. qeKaHoacKaA. K(bayne MaJiolueTllHxosbIX 4epaelt 6acceHHa EHnceH. - a3oonor. xrypH.», T. 35, Bbin. 5, 1956.

UNEDITED TRANSLATION For information only TRADUCTION NON REV3SEE Information sgulement