UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR
GUINEA BISSAU
JANUARY - DECEMBER 1999
DECEMBER 1998
UNITED NATIONS UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR
GUINEA BISSAU
JANUARY - DECEMBER 1999
DECEMBER 1998
UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 1998 For additional copies, please contact:
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs Complex Emergency Response Branch (CERB) Palais des Nations 8-14 Av. de la Paix Ch-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
Tel.: (41 22) 788.1404 Fax: (41 22) 788.6386 E-Mail: [email protected]
This document is also available on http://www.reliefweb.int/ OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS (OCHA)
NEW YORK OFFICE GENEVA OFFICE United Nations Palais des Nations New York, NY 10017 1211 Geneva 10 USA Switzerland Telephone:(1 212) 963.1773 Telephone:(41 22) 788.7020 Telefax:(1 212) 963.3630 Telefax:(41 22) 788.6386 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY vii
Table I: Total Funding Requirements - By Sector and Appealing Agency ix
PREVIOUS CONSOLIDATED APPEAL IN REVIEW 1
HUMANITARIAN CONTEXT 5
COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN 7
METHODOLOGY FOR PRIORITISATION 9
PROJECT SUMMARIES 17
Table II: Listing of Project Activities - By Appealing Agency 18 Table III: Listing of Project Activities - By Sector 19
Agriculture 20 - 27 Food Aid 28 Health 30 - 35 Water and Sanitation 36 Child Protection 38 Education 40 Repatriation and Reintegration 42 Coordination 46 - 48
ANNEX I. 1998 Financial Summaries 49
ANNEX II. Specific Objectives by Sector of Activity 55
ANNEX III. NGO Matrix 63
ANNEX IV. Abbreviations and Acronyms 65
iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Since 7 June 1998, Guinea Bissau has been faced with a politico-military conflict between the Government of Guinea Bissau and the self-proclaimed Military Junta. Fighting between Government troops loyal to President Vieira and soldiers under former Chief-of-Staff General Ansumane Mane occurred in early June and in October. As a result of the first wave of fighting, an initial 350,000 people moved from Bissau to the countryside or into neighbouring countries.
Soon after the return to Bissau city and its environs of an estimated 200,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) between 16 September and 9 October, a second wave of fighting forced the same people to leave again. With the exception of some 25,000 people, most of the IDP population have been hosted by families in small towns and rural areas of the country, imposing on some 90,000 of them an enormous economic burden.
Mediation efforts resulted in a Peace Agreement signed in Abuja Nigeria on 1 November 1998. This appeal is based on a scenario which assumes the implementation of this Agreement.
Since July 1998, and despite internal and external constraints, a substantial humanitarian programme was implemented; thanks to the dedication of UN staff (based in Dakar and Guinea Bissau) and NGOs. Particular commendation goes to the Guinea Bissau nationals who, despite being without any salary, assisted an estimated 363,000 people with food, agriculture, health services, and water sanitation. Of US$ 28.7 million requested in the Consolidated Appeal (July - December 1998) US$ 14.1 million or 49.2 percent has been received.
The humanitarian programmes presented in this Appeal target assistance for 381,715 people. This number includes 100,000 vulnerable people in Bissau town, 90,000 in three small towns around Bissau city, 181,000 IDPs and the local population who are particularly vulnerable as a result of the five month crisis, 5,415 Guinea Bissau refugees in four neighbouring countries and 5,300 refugees of Senegalese origin in the northern part of the country.
The key assumption made during the preparation of the appeal is the smooth implementation of the 1 November Peace Agreement. Appealing agencies recognise that they cannot ignore the possibility of delays in the implementation of the agreement which may, in turn, have an effect on the humanitarian programmes, especially with regard to the return of IDPs and refugees. The possibility of resumption of hostilities cannot be ignored.
The Common Humanitarian Action Plan presented has been formulated following the establishment of three working groups each covering a domain of activities, namely Food Security, Social Services and Enabling Environment. Each group has been responsible for developing sectoral operational objectives, priority areas of intervention and the subsequent plans of action. Consultations have been held with the Government, the military junta and the donor community during the process.
The long-term goal of this Appeal is to facilitate the speedy return of the most affected populations to a normal situation while simultaneously assisting the new Government of National Unity to assume its responsibilities for the management of the humanitarian assistance programme.
The short-term humanitarian goals and sectoral operational objectives were chosen from two main orientations evolving from the longer-term goal. In the Food Security Domain, food production and food supplies are aimed at creating the conditions to reach self sufficiency in
v food and terminate free food distribution as soon as possible.
In the Social Domain, targeted assistance will be provided on the understanding that local populations will also benefit from the provision of certain services. In the health sector, prevention of epidemics and the reduction of the incidence and mortality due to malaria and other pathogens are prioritised in addition to the provision of primary health care.
Assistance to the education sector is considered in this Domain as a prerequisite to creating an environment of stability and one which is conducive to social re-integration of uprooted populations. Special consideration is given to the protection and social reinsertion of children traumatised by the war. The water and sanitation programme will have an immediate emergency response dimension as well as a longer-term impact. Key water points will be rehabilitated and a number of new ones created to serve the most affected population.
Finally, coordination of humanitarian assistance programme will be undertaken at both the national and regional levels. The return of the UN Agencies to Guinea Bissau will enable greater interaction between the UN Agencies, the NGOs, ICRC, other humanitarian organisations in addition to the Bissau Guinean authorities than has been so far possible. Regular links with donors and NGOs will be maintained both in Dakar and Guinea Bissau in accordance with the prevailing security conditions.
The implementation of the Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP) presented in this Appeal will be carefully monitored and reported on through the duration of 1999. Included in this document are tables which provide the basis for agencies and donors to plot the progress made against the objectives set within each sector. Monthly review of the CHAP will be undertaken and programmes and priorities will be amended to reflect the progress made and any changing realities on the ground.
This Appeal seeks a total of US$ 28,655,368.
vi Table I : Total Funding Requirements for the 1999 United Nations Consolidated Inter-Agency Appeal for GUINEA BISSAU By Sector and Appealing Agency January - December 1999
SECTOR REQUIREMENTS (US$)
AGRICULTURE 3,038,000
FOOD AID 12,905,144
HEALTH 2,737,129
WATER AND SANITATION 1,875,000
CHILD PROTECTION 402,000
EDUCATION 5,220,000
REPATRIATION AND REINTEGRATION 1,412,252
COORDINATION 1,065,843 GRAND TOTAL 28,655,368
APPEALING AGENCY REQUIREMENTS (US$)
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION 3,038,000
UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND 647,829
UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES 1,412,252
UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN'S FUND 8,791,300
WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME 13,334,344
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION 795,000
OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS 636,643 GRAND TOTAL 28,665,368
vii PREVIOUS CONSOLIDATED APPEAL IN REVIEW
The six-month 1998 UN Consolidated Appeal for Guinea Bissau (July – December) requested US$ 28.7 million for multi-sectoral humanitarian assistance programmes. Of this, US$ 14.1 million, or only 49.2 percent was funded as of 9 November 1998, representing a donor response well below the identified requirements. However, there were constraints on the implementation of some activities due to limited access during the period covered. Also, funding has been unequally distributed between programmes and UN Agencies.
Health and Water United Nations activities in the health sector (WHO and UNFPA) received only 17.2 percent of the total funds required. Fortunately, both WHO and UNFPA Headquarters provided special emergency funds which enabled their local offices secure medicines such as special use drugs (i.e. tuberculosis treatment), vaccines (i.e. against meningitis), and essential medicines and treatments (including antibiotics and malaria treatments) for the most common diseases in Guinea Bissau. UNICEF received 32 percent of the total amount requested for water and sanitation and child survival, care and protection projects.
Based on the epidemiological profile of Guinea Bissau, the WHO, UNICEF and several NGOs positioned anti-cholera kit stocks to prevent outbreaks and took measures to assure the destitute population’s access to potable water in key areas of the country. UNICEF also provided solar refrigeration for maintaining the cold chain; fuel for health service supervision and hospital generators; financial incentives to all working health staff (from September - December); ORS, Ringer's lactate and IEC materials for diarrhoeal disease control; essential drugs especially for children; bed nets to prevent mosquito infections and water on an emergency basis for hospitals. Additionally, the fund also provided field-based technical support to health services, and repaired the public water system.
Food Aid 60 percent of the response to the 1998 Appeal was for food aid (36,670 MTs), of which the donors pledged 20,539 MTs as of 15.11.98, the shortfall being 16,131 MTs. 48 percent (9,900 MTs) will have been distributed by the end of December 1998. In order to meet immediate needs in Guinea Bissau, WFP borrowed 6,596 MTs food stocks from neighbouring country stocks which must be replenished. This leaves a carry-over of 10,400 MTs as of January 1999 when this new appeal takes effect. Donors should note therefore that 10,400 MTs of food will last less than two months if all 350,000 people come back to Bissau at once. Thus, food contributions are urgently required to ensure that there are no gaps in the food distribution programme for Guinea Bissau.
Soon after the 25 August Cease-fire, WFP opened an office in Bafata which became the main centre for food distribution throughout the 7 regions of the country. Despite the difficulties with the delivery of food from either the Republics of Guinea or The Gambia, it has been possible to maintain an adequate distribution programme to 363,000 people during the period July to November 1998.
viii Agriculture The FAO agricultural project was funded at 9.5 percent of the budget from which FAO provided seeds, fertiliser, phytosanitary products and small agricultural tools. In addition, FAO acted as technical adviser to NGOs active in the agriculture sector as well as to Canadian Fund for Local Initiatives (FCIL). Agricultural assistance through NGOs amounted to an additional 104.1 MTs of seeds, fertilisers, and tools that were distributed between end July and middle August in five key regions of the country. Together, the response channelled through FAO and NGOs covered between 40 to 45 percent of the requirements. This represents a poor response to an activity which is vital to reducing dependence on protracted food aid.
Refugee Support A massive flow of Guinea Bissau refugees was anticipated by the international community in the neighbouring countries. Fortunately a total of only about 5,300 Bissau Guineans have been identified in Senegal, Cape Verde, Gambia and Guinea and so the scope of refugee aid required was diminished. The small number of people from Guinea-Bissau who crossed international borders compared to the total of displaced people can be explained as follows:
1) those people of Guinea-Bissau not affected by the fighting made proof of commendable solidarity with their countrymen; 2) there were no underlying ethnic or religious tensions to the fighting and it did not target civilians; 3) the assistance by the international community to the most vulnerable IDPs allowed them to remain in their country.
The Bissau Guinean refugees in need were accommodated, therefore the 53.80 percent received for the 1998 Consolidated Appeal should be enough to cover the expenses until end of December 1998. Nevertheless, the situation remains volatile. Most of the objectives were achieved; in all camps, the refugees have been provided with shelter, food, health assistance, basic household goods, education and socio-economic programmes. Furthermore, UNHCR redeployed 150 MTs of mosquito nets, soap, jerry cans, blankets and kitchen sets from the Niger. Their distribution to IDPs through ICRC is still ongoing at the time of writing. In order to help provide drinkable water to IDPs, a water tanker was put at the disposal of UNICEF.
On the other hand, the 5,415 refugees of Senegalese origin in Guinea-Bissau faced difficult circumstances. For example, 750 of them living in Jolmete camp were isolated like the population of Guinea-Bissau. As a result it was difficult for ADRA, the NGO which is UNHCR’s counterpart in the area, to provide assistance as planned. Those refugees living along the Senegalese border (who were not assisted by UNHCR before the crisis) were in a conflict area. UNHCR has only recently been able to assess their situation.
Changes to the Operating Environment: After the launch of the July (1998) Appeal, the first most significant change of situation occurred after 16 September 1998 when an estimated 200,000 people returned to Bissau, a city which was not equipped to re-absorb such large number of people in so short a time. In addition, Bissau was isolated from outside contact with both the seaport and airport closed since the beginning of the crisis, making it particularly difficult to position humanitarian supplies. Also, the UN system was not ready to re-deploy to Guinea Bissau before a security assessment could be completed. Following an Inter-Agency mission (30 September to 2 October), UN security clearance and travel authorisation were sought, but before authorisation could be granted a second wave of fighting started (9 October lasting until 21 October). Fortuitously, WFP had taken advantage of the opportunity provided by the UN Heads of Agency mission in Bissau to effect the first local purchase of food. Resumption of hostilities delayed finalisation of the purchase until the ceasefire of 21 October that led to the 1 November Peace Agreement. At this time, the international community was forced to rely on international diplomacy in order to assure the ix delivery of 90 MTs food to IDPs stranded in Prabis and Cumura living under harsh conditions no more than 15 km away from Bissau.
The rounds of hostilities from 9 to 10 October and again, a week later, from 18 to 21 October, resulted in the return of most of the population of Bissau back to the countryside, of which 100,000 to 110,000 in Prabis, Cumura and Safim, West and North of the capital. Most of the population of Prabis and Cumura remained without assistance from 9 to 23 October when the first three trucks of food reached the area from Bissau, thanks to the Swedish Charge d’Affaires and a Danish NGO Director, who remained in Bissau throughout the crisis. Exceptional measures were also taken by WFP to allow an NGO to take 150 MTs of food from its Bafata warehouse to Safim for immediate distribution to an estimated 20,000 IDP.
The Peace Agreement of 1 November constitutes the third important change during the last five months. There is currently sustained and increased movement of return of the IDPs to Bissau city from Bijagos Islands, Prabis and Cumura. Measures are currently underway to permit the return of the humanitarian community, including the UN, back to Bissau. By 10 November, an estimated 75,000 people had returned to the city of Bissau.
x HUMANITARIAN CONTEXT
Background Guinea Bissau became independent in 1973, and went through political and economic transformation. It has had a multiparty system since 1996. The last legislative and presidential elections were held in 1994, with the first municipal elections held in 1997. With its estimated 1.1 million people, a population growth of 2.1 percent and a GNP of US 220 per inhabitant, the country has an illiteracy rate of 68 percent, infant mortality under 5 years rate of 240 per 1,000 and a life expectancy of 43.5 years.
The country is also faced with rapid urbanisation, limited access to water and sanitation and housing. Nevertheless, the country has the agricultural potential to provide adequate food to its inhabitants. However, food production is below the national requirement as a result of insufficient agricultural inputs over the last 7 years and cyclical climatic hazards. Its main cash crop (cashew nuts) was affected by low flowering in 1997. These nuts are usually bartered for rice, the country’s staple food.
Civil Strife On 7 June 1998, a conflict erupted between Government troops and part of the army, following the replacement of General Ansoumane Mane with a new army chief. Fighting between Government troops loyal to President Vieira and soldiers under General Mane occurred in two phases, in early June and in October. The immediate result was the displacement of an estimated 350,000 people, from Bissau, during the first few days, followed by an additional estimated 80,000 to 100,000 from smaller towns from the end of June to 25 July. Of them, an some 5,300 took refuge in neighbouring countries of Senegal, Gambia, Cape Verde, and Guinea. After a truce agreed upon by both parties on 26 June, a period of relative calm followed and an estimated 200,000 internally displaced persons returned to Bissau. But with the resumption of hostilities between 9 October and 21 October, most of the IDPs who had returned to Bissau left the city again. Of this new wave of IDPs, between 100,000 and 110,000 went to Prabis, Cumura and Safim (West and North of Bissau) and are living in worse conditions than they were during the 26 June – 8 October period in Bissau. In addition, 5,415 refugees of Senegalese origin remained without an appropriate humanitarian response for much of this period.
Peace Agreement signed in Abudja, Nigeria On 21 October, President Joao Bernardo Vieira declared a unilateral cease-fire and agreed to meet with Brigadier Ansoumane Mane to discuss a peace agreement. This was signed on 1 November 1998. As a result of this positive development, and a cautious assumption that the conflict is over, a humanitarian assistance programme has been developed with activities aimed at addressing immediate needs but with an orientation towards rehabilitation. The conflict resulted in severe but geographically limited destruction of infrastructures. It also adversely affected the functioning of social services and commercial activities. Primary health care activities were the most seriously affected largely due to reduced access to fuel. Commercialisation of the principal cash crop (cashew nuts) and family level surpluses were seriously jeopardised by reduced circulation of people and goods and by the closing of borders with neighbouring countries. Nevertheless, a number of developmental projects, within the last National Plan may be quickly reactivated. A rapid assessment of the impact of the conflict is being planned, upon the installation of the new Government of National Unity, the results of which should inform the special Round Table planned for early 1999.
Projected humanitarian needs: Assuming the 1 November Peace Agreement holds and the country remains calm and fully accessible, crisis related humanitarian needs should be limited to the year 1999. Humanitarian assistance will be required for an estimated 375,000 IDP people. The types of xi humanitarian programmes required include: 1- Supplies of food, food production inputs, primary health care supplies, services and training, provision of material, equipment and technical assistance for water/sanitation; 2- resettlement of IDPs to Bissau and other cities nearby and specialised assistance to war-traumatised groups (particularly children) in Bissau and other cities; 3- urgent education on mine issues, mine survey and marking with priority humanitarian mine lifting in three priority areas of the border between Senegal and Guinea Bissau, in the northern part of Bissau town and in the area of Fulacunda in Quinara region. 4- key rehabilitation projects required to assist with provision of humanitarian assistance.
xii COMMON HUMANITARIAN ACTION PLAN
Scenarios The 1 November Peace Agreement signed by President Vieira and General Mané and the successful first meeting on 13 November of the Mixed Executive Committee, provides the main scenario of upon which the Common Humanitarian Action Plan is premised. However, the programmes and projects included have been designed to be flexible enough to be adjusted in the event of any delays in the implementation of the Peace Agreement.
From 10 to 12 November 1998, the Heads of Agencies visited Bissau and met with authorities of the government as well as top representatives of the military junta. As a result, immediate measures were taken to recommend a change in the security phase for the entire country with the exception of Bissau, where it is proposed to maintain the UN Security Phase Five. This phase should be downgraded rapidly as the peace process gathers momentum and greater security is assured.
As a consequence, it will become possible to deploy international UN staff in most parts of the country and to address immediate humanitarian needs while finalising the emergency rehabilitation, reconstruction programme that will be submitted to the donor community early in 1999. The coordination of humanitarian assistance will be determined in accordance with the appointment of the UNDP Resident Representative, UN system Resident Coordinator and Humanitarian Coordinator. OCHA will maintain a three-person team to assist the humanitarian coordinator with the strategic coordination, information gathering, analysis and dissemination. It is expected that the Field Security Officer will be maintained for a one-year period to assist the UN community provide the humanitarian programmes with minimum risk to staff.
Each agency has planned to position staff to implement the humanitarian assistance programmes in the most efficient way possible and, as per the first scenario, to do so with a view to support and complement rehabilitation programmes in the country.
Long-Term Goals Based on the scenario and assumptions described above, the principal goal of the appeal is to facilitate the rapid return to a normal situation for population groups most affected by the conflict and to start, as soon as constituted, cooperation with the new Government of National Unity. The assumed scenario implies humanitarian agencies will be able to work in all regions of the country.
Long-term goals beyond the scope of this Appeal will be enshrined in the proposed Round Table planned for early 1999. They include the consolidation of peace and national reconciliation through assistance with elections, demobilisation, return of professionals to Guinea Bissau, restart of government administration and the rule of law. They are all key elements required to re-establish the conditions for development to take place.
In addition specific measures are considered to ensure the re-activation of socio-economic activities. This part will include the preparation of the government budget, resumption of export and minimum imports, support to the private sector and re-establishment of the financial system. Regular programmes have included special attention to assistance to the most vulnerable members of the population.
While immediate assistance will be provided within the framework of this Appeal, parallel and complementary efforts will be undertaken to rehabilitate key infrastructures particularly those required to re-activate development activities in health, education, water and sanitation, energy telecommunications and roads.
xiii Attention will also be paid to preparatory work to minimise the impact of mines on life and property through education on mines, mine survey and mine marking to avoid casualties.
The short term goals of the Common Humanitarian Action Plan are identified by sector within the Food Security and Social Affairs Domains and are elaborated below.
As a result of both humanitarian and rehabilitation – development activities, within a period of one year to maximum eighteen months, it is expected that health services will have returned to the capacity prior the crisis. In other sectors such as food production and water and sanitation, it is expected that there will be an improvement on the original capacity in view of the value added from supplies input and the provision of technical assistance. It is expected that food distribution will be scaled down during the course of 1999 and be limited to most vulnerable groups of people.
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 14 METHODOLOGY FOR PRIORITISATION
In order to institutionalise an integrated approach for the definition of Common Humanitarian Action Plan and as some of the UN Agencies for Guinea Bissau have limited international staff based in Dakar, Senegal, the in-country team decided to regroup sectors into domains of operations. Three domains were created: Food Security and Community Assistance, Social Affairs and Enabling Environment. The first domain includes food production, food distribution and assistance to refugees and communities of re-settlement; the second, covers health, nutrition, water, sanitation, child protection and social reinsertion, education and mine issues. The third domain is covers those issues and activities that will facilitate the move to rehabilitation and reconstruction and as such will be dealt with in the forthcoming Round Table framework.
Each group met regularly between 6 October and 11 November to analyse, prioritise and develop the respective objectives, strategy and activities and prepare the appropriate projects. Relations with the Government and donor community were more limited than what would have been desirable. Nevertheless, before the fighting resumed on 9 October 1998, there had been field work with Guinean Bissau national counterparts at central and regional levels in health, nutrition, water, sanitation, and agriculture, making the priorities identified in this Common Humanitarian Action Plan a reasonable expression of the situation and the resulting priority humanitarian needs.
During few meetings held with the Government authorities, the military junta and the donor community, the orientation of the humanitarian programme was presented and it was agreed that a mechanism for reviewing priorities will be established through regular meetings throughout the year. To both the Government and the Junta, it was suggested to review the structure and participants of the National and Regional Commissions for the Coordination of Humanitarian Assistance to reflect the new political situation resulting from the Abuja Peace Agreement. They both agree to the principle and suggested to consider such changes soon after the establishment of the Mixed Executive Commission and the new Government of National Unity.
Food Security The conflict in Guinea Bissau occurred at the start of the growing season when crops needed to be planted. All agricultural activities were seriously disrupted. Security problems also disrupted the distribution of inputs to farmers who, in many cases, consumed their seed stocks. As a result, food production is likely to fall substantially in 1998 and the country will be faced with a serious food deficit.
During the crisis, food security in Guinea Bissau was threatened in three ways: ∙ The production of cashew nuts was far lower than in previous years as a result of bad flowering in 1998;
∙ Family level trading in the north is at a standstill as a result of Senegal’s difficult relations with Guinea Bissau;
∙ Inputs such as seeds, fertiliser and pesticides for agricultural production were limited to humanitarian assistance affecting mostly farming entrepreneurs.
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 15 15 In July 1998, FAO approved an emergency project to supply agricultural inputs to 5,000 war- affected farming families located in the regions of Bafata and Gabu. FAO also set up a coordination unit in Bafata in order to provide technical assistance to the organisations involved in support to household food security/agricultural rehabilitation.
Taking into account the assistance provided and the evolving needs, FAO is appealing for support for projects which will; provide essential inputs to the 36,000 most affected farmers; provide basic equipment and fishing gear to 4,000 fishermen; and enhance the coordination mechanism with the creation of a central support and coordination unit for emergency agricultural operations.
The poor families targeted by FAOs programme are among those who hosting IDPs and who are forced to barter, trade or sell household goods and livestock in order to survive. This has led to de-capitalisation in many households and has driven many to destitution. Provision of the appropriate type and variety of seeds will enable these vulnerable groups to increase household food security enough to resume selection and conservation of seeds, feed themselves and market small surpluses to bring home minimum cash to purchase essential household goods.
However, the above limited agricultural programme will not be sufficient to assure food to all people affected by the crisis. In particular, IDPs will continue to require food assistance during 1999. While the peace agreement is creating the conditions for return, a number of IDPs will require some time before they can resume fully their productive activities. Many will need to rehabilitate or reconstruct their homes which may keep them away from their jobs for a period of time. Yet others, among them pregnant woman, children and elderly whose lives were shattered by the six-month crisis, may depend more than ever on direct assistance. Hospitals and schools need to be supported in 1999 to ensure the provision of adequate services to the most vulnerable.
Social Affairs a. Health
Prior to the outbreak of conflict, Guinea Bissau's health care services were already need of improvement. With the outbreak of hostilities, it has been virtually impossible to obtain an overall picture of disease patterns and health needs indispensable for well-coordinated health care provision. Poor salaries and working conditions led to a lack of motivation even in the pre-war period. During the post-war months, salaries have not been paid at all and UNICEF incentives are all that holds the health service sector together. Additionally, the commandeering of a number of operational vehicles by the Military Forces has exacerbated a lack of transportation and poor maintenance during the pre-war years. The situation has been compounded by the doubling of fuel prices and availability of the same as well as disruptions to the electrical supply. In areas directly affected by the fighting (Bissau, Biombo) shelling damaged a number of key health facilities such as hospitals and the central drug depot. Temporary facilities have only allowed a partial resumption of services.
Health risks common to Guinea Bissau have inevitably increased as a result of the conflict. The most urgent pathologies, as shown by quick surveys, include malaria, measles, respiratory infection, AIDS, STD, and TB. The risk of epidemics of cholera, and meningitis remain.
Complex and simple malaria cases represent 40 to 50 percent of diseases diagnosed. The
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 16 16 mortality rate associated to malarial cases remain difficult to establish but it is believed to have significantly increased in all regions of the country. Severe respiratory infections represent 15 to 20 percent of consultations. It is estimated that mortality resulting from this disease is significant and affects above all children below the age of 5 years. Diarrhea represents 3 to 4 percent of cases, the same as last year. But it is feared that mortality associated with this disease has increased due to prevalence of malnutrition. The rates of STD increased significantly: It represents 8 to 15 percent of adults undergoing medical consultation. There is a total lack of means for clinical examination of suspected cases of syphilis and AIDS in most regions.
Although no cases of cholera have been registered since the beginning of the crisis, the risk of a cholera epidemics still remains high. In April 1998, a meningitis epidemic developed in Bafata and Gabu regions. A vaccination campaign was started last May, but was interrupted as a result of the war. The risk of epidemics remains significant during the next dry season and completion of the vaccination campaign is considered as a top priority.
The conflict also stopped the supply of anti-tuberculosis drugs, making those affected vulnerable to recurrence and the surrounding community subject to the appearance of bacillus resistant to antibiotics used in the national programme. Catching up and treatment of cases of tuberculosis is therefore viewed as an urgent public health concern. b. Nutrition
The nutritional situation of many children in Guinea Bissau was in a precarious position even before hostilities began. Most recent pre-war weight for age data showed 2.8 per cent of under-five children with severe malnutrition and some 23 per cent with moderate malnutrition.
A very high proportion of young children are among those IDPs who have moved from Bissau in particular to safer, rural areas. Monitoring the displaced population in Prabis, near Bissau revealed that in fact the impact of the war was greater on the resident population than it was on the displaced. It is believed that this is due to the better underlying nutritional status of those from the city area. Nevertheless, there has been a significant deterioration in the nutritional status (measured by upper arm circumference) of all children during July/August. (source: Bandim Health Project). c. Child Protection and Social Reinsertion
Guinea Bissau enjoys an extremely closely-knit society with long traditions of sharing food, shelter and labour. This in-built social safety net has been extremely important in providing shelter and care for the displaced. However, as the conflict has dragged on, an increasing number of children have lost contact with their direct relatives and are now in foster care.
Schools have been closed since early June, some have been damaged and many teachers have had to find alternative means of survival as their salaries (never generous) have gone unpaid. This lack of routine and the persistent disruption and movement in their lives is placing many children in the position where it will be difficult for them to resume a “normal” life.
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 17 17 The profession of social psychology and the concept of counselling and support for children, particularly those who may not manifest obvious signs of disorders, is not well developed in Guinea Bissau. There will be a need to analyse the situation and to provide information and support to parents and children on the symptoms and consequences of psychological trauma and to provide skilled counselling to those most in need. d. Education
Prior to the conflict, the primary school enrolment rate of children in Guinea Bissau was abysmally low. Just over 50 per cent of eligible children were enrolled in elementary basic education (4 grades) and 26 per cent in complementary basic education (grades 5 and 6). Less than one-third of teachers were considered to be qualified. Now added to this, most young children have not been to school for almost half a year. The school infrastructure has been damaged, teachers have not been paid for months and obviously, many have found alternative means of livelihood.
There is an urgent need not only to bring the situation back to a pre-war level but also to provide a platform for major investment in this neglected sector for the future of the country. The first task will be to repair schools, provide appropriate material for teachers, re-establish parent-teacher associations and provide minimum materials and equipment to bring most children back to school as quickly as possible. e. Water and Sanitation
Before the conflict erupted, access to potable water was already a problem in a number of towns in the country. Old urban systems installed in the 1950’s were hardly maintained in operations and barely sufficient for the resident population.
The 7 June 1998 conflict exacerbated an already obsolete water supply and distribution system in most towns of Guinea Bissau. The lack of fuel prevented the use of this decrepit water system. Moreover, the same towns are hosting large number of IDP, at times, more than doubling the number of people, putting additional pressure on the system. Most affected towns are Bafata, Gabu, Cacheu, Canchungo, Bissora, Prabis, Cumura, and Safim.
As immediate measures, between July and November 1998, potable water was provided as a priority to hospitals and to key distribution points in each town. In Bafata, UNICEF first hired and then used a UNHCR loaned water tanker to take water from a Gabu main bore hole to the regional hospital. In the mean time, technicians from UNICEF and NGOs maintained and repaired old wells and bore holes and dug few new ones in key cities hosting IDPs.
The second sequence of fighting between 9 and 21 October resulted in the movement of an estimated 90,000 people in three small towns near Bissau which normally total approximately 45,000 people. It resulted in severe shortage of water and the rapid deterioration of the environment due to lack of appropriate sanitation facilities.
It is expected that, as a result of the Peace Agreement, the creation of the Mixed Executive Commission, the soon to be established Government of National Unity and, finally, improved relations between Guinea Bissau and the two neighbouring countries, it will be possible to undertake more comprehensive water and sanitation programmes targeting towns hosting IDPs and re-establishing maintenance, repair and digging of water points in key rural areas.
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 18 18 The return of an estimated 200,000 people between 16 September and 9 October to Bissau, resulted in large accumulation of rubbish and created health hazards. It is expected that, as soon as the implementation of the Peace Agreement gathers pace, IDPs will return once more, providing they feel confident about the level of stability. It is proposed therefore to initiate a sanitation programme on the basis of a FFW programme involving UNICEF and WFP.
The proposed water and sanitation assistance programme is based on initial identification of key small towns and rural areas where wells and bore holes will be dug and others repaired. The sanitation programme will include the construction of latrines and environment sanitation programmes in Bissau and other cities. f. Mine Awareness
During the conflict between the Government of Guinea Bissau and the self-proclaimed military junta, mines have been reportedly laid by both sides in specific areas of the country thereby threatening civilian lives. Suspected mined areas are as follows: the northern part of Bissau, in Bairros Militar and Ajuda, close to the airport with anti-personal mines, on the road Buba - Fulacunda area in Quinara region with anti-tank mines (five exploded), now claimed to be de-mined by the military junta, and along the border (from Suzana to Bijene) between Guinea Bissau and Senegal.
Information about quantities and types of mines laid is not yet available. It is, therefore, proposed to consider a two-step programme to address the issue. The first step will be to initiate as soon as possible a programme of education on mines targeting children living in the mined areas. The second step will include mine area survey, mine marking, training of de-miners and de-mining based on specific criteria and priority areas. The education on mines will be the responsibility of UNICEF and will take the form of public campaign and information sessions in schools. g. Refugees
The 5,415 Senegalese refugees along the border in Guinea-Bissau have been a source of discontent between Senegal and Guinea-Bissau since they are perceived as actively supporting the ambitions for independence of the Casamance region in South Senegal. The relocation away from the border of this refugee group was decided back in 1997. Unfortunately, it did not materialise for reasons beyond UNHCR’s control. The people living on both sides of the border area have very close ethnic links. As a result of this year’s conflict in Guinea-Bissau and the involvement of Senegalese troops on Guinea-Bissau soil, the need to relocate this group has grown ever more urgent. The relocation to the previously established camp of Jolmete (housing at present some 750 Senegalese refugees) is expected to improve their protection situation and UNHCR’s access, and to eventually diminish the tensions between both countries that contribute to continuous agitation in the area.
The very recent signing of the Abuja Peace Agreement between the Government of Guinea- Bissau and the self proclaimed military junta has considerably improved the prospects for the rapid repatriation of the refugees of Guinea-Bissau from Senegal, Guinea, Cap Verde and The Gambia.
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 19 19 Coordination The coordination of humanitarian assistance in Guinea Bissau has proved particularly challenging. Assessment of humanitarian needs and the implementation and monitoring of humanitarian assistance programmes has been constrained by the fact that the main theatre of the conflict was in Bissau City.
During the first five months of the conflict, UN Agencies and other humanitarian organisations were split between Senegal and Guinea Bissau. The waves of military clashes and the serious tensions between the parties to the conflict throughout the five–month period, also limited the access to the countryside resulting in incomplete information on the humanitarian conditions of the population.
A UN Humanitarian Coordination Unit was established soon after the launching of the appeal in July 1998. Its functions included the gathering, analysis and dissemination of information, stimulating the creation of sectoral groups in health, food security, water and sanitation and domestic utensils, facilitating the organisation of inter-agency missions when the security situation permitted. It also facilitated meetings between UN Agency representatives of the Government of Senegal in order to address the issue of access for personnel, humanitarian supplies, material and equipment to Guinea Bissau.
The priorities of the Humanitarian Coordination Unit in 1999, will be to complete inter-agency assessment of humanitarian needs throughout the country, to maintain regular contacts with national and regional authorities to address humanitarian issues, to collect information on affected populations, humanitarian activities, programmes and needs in the country and organise regular reporting on those aspects for distribution in-country as well as on the international network, to advocate for access, security and respect of humanitarian principles for all humanitarian organisations when required, and to maintain, on a regular basis, contacts with the donor community to stimulate their contributions.
As a result of the implementation of the Peace Agreement signed on 1 November 1998, a process was initiated to create a revised National and Regional Commission for the Coordination of Humanitarian Assistance in the country with the participation of representatives appointed by the new Government of National Unity, UN Agencies, NGOs and donor community active in Guinea Bissau. The mechanism will also be responsible to assure regular monitoring and adjustment, when required, of the Common Humanitarian Action Plan. The Humanitarian Working Group established in the context of the Resident Coordinator system will meet regularly. It will interact with the Working Group on Development (responsible to assist with the preparation of the Round Table) in order to harmonise humanitarian and rehabilitation and reconstruction programmes and assure the complementarity between the two.
The Integrated Regional Information Network (IRIN) The UN Secretary-General’s 1997 report on UN reform reaffirmed the three core functions that constitute the mandate of the Emergency Relief Coordinator and OCHA; namely, policy development, advocacy on humanitarian issues and coordination of humanitarian emergency response. OCHA’s efforts to enhance strategic coordination of humanitarian assistance in West Africa have continued to focus on ways of helping to build stronger working alliances among humanitarian partners and promoting a culture that places a premium on cooperation and coordination for effective response.
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 20 20 IRIN West Africa (WA), based in Abidjan, has supported coordination efforts in Guinea Bissau by facilitating wider access to information and promoting information exchanges amongst personnel from UN agencies and departments, NGOs, international organizations, donor countries, governments, academia and the media. A main objective of the Network is to foster greater awareness of the issues and underlying causes of conflict in the region. In this way, it has been possible to facilitate shared analysis of evolving events amongst the wider humanitarian community and achieve consensus on appropriate responses.
In 1999 IRIN WA will continue to work closely with the UN system and other humanitarian partners to monitor and report on ongoing emergencies and their effect on neighbouring countries, as well as new crisis. A variety of information products will also be introduced to further enhance information sharing and to ensure access to relevant information for the wider humanitarian community. These include closer ties to OCHA’s humanitarian website, ReliefWeb, which will enable those with access to the Internet to receive enhanced IRIN reports with more graphics, maps and photographs.
The 1999 activities and financial requirements of the four IRIN offices are reflected in a separate appeal document. Thus the individual regional or country Consolidated Appeals do not include the costs of IRIN pertaining to their respective areas.
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 21 21 PROJECT SUMMARIES
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 22 22 Table II : 1999 United Nations Consolidated Inter-Agency Appeal for GUINEA BISSAU Listing of Project Activities - By Appealing Agency January - December 1999 Code Appealing Agency / Activity Requirements (US$)
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION N01 Technical assistance for strengthening of the coordination of emergency agricultural 310,000 operations and support to the agricultural sector N02 Emergency provision of agricultural inputs to households affected by the crisis 2,403,000 N03 Emergency technical assistance to fishermen affected by the June 1998 crisis 325,000 Sub-Total 3,038,000
UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND N07 Emergency reproductive health assistance 647,829
UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES N11 Repatriation and initial reintegration of 5,300 refugees of Guinea Bissau on the sub- 1,412,252 region; relocation and basic assistance for 5,400 Senegalese refugees in Guinea Bissau
UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN’S FUND N08 Water and environmental sanitation 1,875,000 N06 Maternal and child health care 1,294,300 N09 Child protection and social reintegration 402,000 N10 Primary education 5,220,000 Sub-Total 8,791,300
WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME N04 Provision of emergency food assistance 12,905,144 N13 Regional aircraft support of humanitarian operation 429,200 Sub-Total 13,334,344
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION N05 Address the health needs of IDPs and most affected host communities 795,000
OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS N12 Coordination of humanitarian assistance programmes 636,643
GRAND TOTAL 28,655,368
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 23 23 Table III : 1999 United Nations Consolidated Inter-Agency Appeal for GUINEA BISSAU Listing of Project Activities - By Sector January - December 1999 Code Sector / Activity Appealing Requirements Agency (US$)
AGRICULTURE N01 Technical assistance for strengthening of the coordination of emergency FAO 310,000 agricultural operations and support to the agricultural sector N02 Emergency provision of agricultural inputs to households affected by the FAO 2,403,000 crisis N03 Emergency technical assistance to fishermen affected by the June 1998 FAO 325,000 crisis Sub-Total 3,038,000
FOOD AID N04 Provision of emergency food assistance WFP 12,905,144
HEALTH N05 Address the health needs of IDPs and most affected host communities WHO 795,000 N06 Maternal and child health care UNICEF 1,294,300 N07 Emergency reproductive health assistance UNFPA 647,829 Sub-Total 2,737,129
WATER AND SANITATION N08 Water and environmental sanitation UNICEF 1,875,000
CHILD PROTECTION N09 Child protection and social reintegration UNICEF 402,000
EDUCATION N10 Primary education UNICEF 5,220,000
REPATRIATION AND REINTEGRATION N11 Repatriation and initial reintegration of 5,300 refugees of Guinea Bissau on UNHCR 1,412,252 the sub-region; relocation and basic assistance for 5,400 Senegalese refugees in Guinea Bissau
COORDINATION N12 Coordination of humanitarian assistance programmes OCHA 636,643 N13 Regional aircraft support of humanitarian operation WFP 429,200 Sub-Total 1,065,843
GRAND TOTAL 28,655,368
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 24 24 Appealing Agency: Food and Agriculture Organization
Activity: Technical assistance for strengthening of the coordination of emergency agricultural operations and support to the agricultural sector
Code: GUI-99-1/N01
Target Population: Rural population affected by the crisis and humanitarian organisations involved in assistance to agricultural sector
Implementing Agency: FAO
Time Frame: January - December 1999
Objectives: To set up a central support and coordination unit for emergency agricultural operations. The unit would be responsible for the coordination and provision of technical advice to organisations involved in the assistance to the agricultural sector
Funds Requested: US$ 310,000
SUMMARY The economy in Guinea-Bissau relies mainly on agriculture, which accounts for more than 50 percent of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employs 82 percent of the country’s active population. The violent hostilities, which occurred in June 1998, led to the destruction of the main infrastructures in the city of Bissau and the exodus of thousands of people. Agriculture is one of the sectors most affected by the crisis and farmers were particularly bitter as it broke out during the planting season. The damage caused has been so great that it is difficult to estimate its effect on the country’s economic and social structure. Given the key role played by agriculture and interventions planned by a large number of humanitarian organisations, in order to help the displaced population, it is necessary to set up a central technical support and coordination unit for emergency agricultural operations. This would serve to reinforce the efforts of the humanitarian community, to direct the emergency programmes towards the most vulnerable sections of the population and to avoid overlaps in a context of shortage of resources. This central coordination unit would be composed of representatives from UN Agencies, the Government and NGOs involved in the assistance to the agricultural sector. The unit will carry out the following tasks:
∙ Coordination of interventions and technical advice to humanitarian organisations involved in the assistance to the agricultural sector;
∙ Regular monitoring of the crop and food supply situation;
∙ Constant assessment of the agricultural input supply situation, the emergency and immediate rehabilitation needs and the formulation of activities favouring the transition from emergency relief to rehabilitation and development;
∙ Assistance to the rebuilding of local capacities for assessing requirements and for the implementation of emergency interventions;
∙ Implementation of emergency agricultural relief programmes; FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Item US$ Technical assistance (international consultant 6p/months - national 102,000 consultants 6p/months) Administrative support 30,000 xxv Internal duty travel 40,000 Office supplies 20,000 Equipment (1 vehicle, 4 motorcycles, 1 computer, 1 modem, 1 printer, 1 photocopier, 1 fax machine) 66,000 Training 20,000 General and direct operating costs 32,000 TOTAL 310,000
xxvi Appealing Agency: Food and Agriculture Organization
Activity: Emergency provision of agricultural inputs to households affected by the crisis
Code: GUI-99-1/N02
Target Population: 36 000 war-affected farm households in: ∙ Cacheu, Oio and Biombo Provinces (15 000 households) ∙ Quinara and Tombali Provinces (6 000 households) ∙ Bolama-Bijagos Province (4 000 households) ∙ Bissau Province (1 000 households) ∙ Bafata and Gabu Provinces (10 000 households)
Implementing Agency: FAO
Time Frame: January – December 1999
Objective: To provide emergency assistance to 36 000 farm households affected by the hostilities of June 1998, through the supply of essential agricultural inputs
Funds Requested: US$ 2,403,000
SUMMARY Guinea-Bissau’s economy is based on agricultural sector which counts for more than 50 percent of the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Rice, the main staple crop, accounts for 75 percent of the national cereal production. However, Guinea-Bissau is structurally a country with a food production deficit.
The June 1998 crisis occurred at the beginning of the agricultural season. Insecurity in the country impeded normal agricultural activities during the critical sowing period.
In the Consolidated Appeal launched in July 1998, FAO estimated that a minimum of US$ 2.6 million were needed to assist the 40,000 farm households most affected by the conflict in the regions of Bafata and Gabu.
Regrettably, to date, these farm families have not received adequate assistance, due to the lack of response from the international donor community as well as the difficulties faced in providing aid caused by insecurity in the area. It is estimated that the response channelled through FAO and NGOs covered between 40-50 percent of the total requirements. FAO has approved, with its own resources, a project for the emergency provision of agricultural inputs to 5,000 vulnerable farm families affected by the crisis. The project has established a coordination unit in Bafata and provides technical assistance to the emergency agricultural activities carried out by humanitarian organisations in the area.
The needs for the agricultural sector in Guinea-Bissau are enormous and without the intervention of the international community, the country risks a major humanitarian crisis. Taking into consideration the assistance already provided, FAO estimates that 36,000 farm households urgently require agricultural inputs for the next agricultural season beginning in May/June 1999. It is essential that these inputs be delivered to the beneficiaries before the end of March 1999. The provision of 386 MTs of cereal and vegetable seeds, as well as essential basic agricultural inputs, will allow the production of 11,740 MTs of food to cover the
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 27 needs of the target populations and the replenishment of seed stocks. The main inputs to be provided comprise mangrove rice, low land rice and up-land rice seed (1,120 MTs), maize seed (113 MTs), vegetable seed (mainly cultivated by women), and agricultural hand tools as per the following break down:
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 28 28 Inputs Variety Area (Ha) Yield Anticipated Quantity Cost per Total Cost (MTs/ha) Output Required Unit (US$) (US$) (MTs) (MTs) Seeds Mangrove rice Rock 5, 612 2.5 1,530 200 834 166,800 Kablac Low Land rice C4, TCS- 280 2 560 560 834 467,000 10 Upland rice IRAT 170 168 1 168 360 834 300,200 Maize JDB Sahel 3,766 1.5 5,649 113 1,500 169,500 Sorghum IRAT 202 600 .8 480 12 700 8,400 & IRAT 155 Millet/Fonio Local 1,200 .8 960 24 700 16,800 Beans Borlotto & 520 .8 416 26 4,200 109,200 Bobby Contendor Groundnuts 69-101, 300 .8 240 30 2,000 60,000 28, 206 RR and A124b Cowpea Vollet 1,200 .7 840 60 1,670 100,200 Vegetables 150 6 900 1 35,000 35,000
Fertiliser for 3,766 maize Urea 376 350 131,600
10.10.20 376 258 97,000
For vegetables 150 2,600
Urea 8 350
18.40.0 15 400 6,000
10.10.20 22.5 258 5,800
Agricultural 331,500 Tools Phytosanitary** 50,000 Products Total 2,057,600 ** The requirements in agricultural inputs for the populations of the various regions targeted by this intervention have been estimated by FAO coordination unit for emergency agricultural assistance in Bafata:
Estimated Requirements in Hand Tools: Cacheu, Oio and Biombo Regions (15,000 families): one lot comprising 2,100 hoes, 2,100 rakes, 2,100 buckets, 2,100 machetes, 210 shovels, 126 pickaxes, 168 pitchforks, 1,512 hand hoes, 294 dibbles, 336 transplanters, 3,150 watering cans, 84 wheelbarrows, 147,000 polythene sacks and 63,000 jute sacks (50 kg capacity).
Quinara and Tombali Regions (6,000 families): one lot comprising 850 hoes, 850 rakes, 850 buckets, 850 machetes, 85 shovels, 51 pickaxes, 68 pitchforks, 612 hand hoes, 119 dibbles, 136 transplanters, 1,275 watering cans,
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 29 29 34 wheelbarrows, 59,5000 polythene sacks and 25,500 jute sacks (50 kg capacity).
Bolama and Bijagos (4,000 families): one lot comprising 550 hoes, 550 rakes, 550 buckets, 550 machetes, 55 shovels, 33 pickaxes, 44 pitchforks, 396 hand hoes, 77 dibbles, 88 transplanters, 825 watering cans, 22 wheelbarrows, 38,500 polythene sacks and 16,500 jute sacks (50 kg capacity).
Bissau Region (1,000 families): one lot comprising 100 hoes, 100 rakes, 100 buckets, 100 machetes, 10 shovels, 6 pickaxes, 8 pitchforks, 72 hand hoes, 14 dibbles, 16 transplanters, 150 watering cans, 4 wheelbarrows, 7,000 polythene sacks and 3,000 jute sacks (50 kg capacity).
Bafata and Gabu Regions (10 000 families): one lot comprising 1,400 hoes, 1,400 rakes, 1,400 buckets, 1,400 machetes, 140 shovels, 84 pickaxes, 112 pitchforks, 1,008 hand hoes, 196 dibbles, 224 transplanters, 2,100 watering cans, 56 wheelbarrows, 98,000 polythene sacks and 28,000 jute sacks (50 kg capacity).
** To be utilised only in the case of considerable damage to cultivation.
The agricultural inputs will be distributed by NGOs and religious organisations, partners of FAO since the beginning of the crisis, and with the logistic assistance of WFP and UNHCR for the displaced families.
FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Item US$ Technical Assistance (International Consultant –3 p/months, National 57,000 Consultants -6p/months) Agricultural inputs (seeds, fertilisers, hand tools, pesticides) 2,057,600 General and direct operation costs (including internal transport, handling, 288,400 storage and monitoring coats) TOTAL 2,403,000
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 30 30 Appealing Agency: Food and Agriculture Organization
Activity: Emergency technical assistance to fishermen affected by the June 1998 crisis
Code: GUI-99-1/N03
Target Population: 4,000 fishermen affected by the crisis in Bolama and Bijagos Regions
Implementing Agencies: FAO and NGOs in collaboration with the Ministry of Fisheries (MDP)
Time Frame: January – December 1999
Objective: To provide emergency assistance to 4 000 affected by the conflict, through the supply of equipment and fishing gear for the resumption of fishing activities.
Funds Requested: US$ 325,000
SUMMARY Guinea-Bissau is rich in aquatic resources. With the massive displacement of population to Bolama and Bijagos Islands, the demand for fish has dramatically increased. It is essential to build up the artisanal fishermen’s capacity to meet this ever increasing demand. FAO has estimated that 4, 000 fishermen indirectly affected by the crisis in Bolama and Bijagos Islands need assistance in the form of equipment and fishing gear in order to increase their catches and meet the nutritional needs of the indigenous and displaced populations. Should funding be provided the following fishing gears will be procured:
Equipment/Gear Quantity Cost per unit Total Cost (US$) (US$) Nylon Nets (100 m ) 1,500 80 120,000 Leads, locally manufactured (cost 8,000 calculated on the basis of US$ 2 / fisherman) Fish-hooks 2,000 boxes of 100 4 8,000 units Nylon rope 200 rolls of 1,000 25 5,000 metres Fishing lines (monofilament) 200 rolls of 1,000 40 8,000 metres Fishing floats 400 boxes of 100 units 50 20,000 Outboard engines 15 2,200 33,000 Box refrigerators 400 60 24,000 Total 226,000
FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Item US$
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 31 31 Technical assistance 57,000 (International Consultant– 3 p/months National Consultants– 6 p/months) Equipment and fishing gear (nets, fish-hooks, leads, buoys, box 226,000 refrigerators, outboard engines) Training 10,000 General and direct operation costs 32,000 TOTAL 325,000
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 32 32 Appealing Agency: World Food Programme
Activity: Provision of emergency food assistance
Code: GUI-99-1/N04
Target Population: IDPs and vulnerable groups in Guinea Bissau, and refugees in Cape Verde, Senegal, Gambia and Guinea
Implementing Agencies: WFP, ICRC and various local and international NGOs (Caritas/ADPP/Evangelical Churches/Bandim Project)
Time Frame: January - March, 1999 (IDPs population) January - December 1999 (Vulnerable Group Feeding, School Canteens Programme for Primary students and FFW)
Objectives: Guarantee access to sufficient amount of food for the conflict affected population and improve living conditions through rehabilitation of social infrastructure
Funds Requested: US$ 12,905,144
SUMMARY During the period 20 June - 15 November, 1998, WFP has covered the needs of 363,268 crisis affected people. To be able to quickly respond to urgent food needs, WFP borrowed food from its stocks in the existing projects in the country as well as from its stocks in neighbouring countries, mainly from Guinea. Against the total commitment of 36,670 MTs of food, the donors pledged 20,539 MTs, as of 15 November, 1998, a shortfall of 16,131 remains.
Due to prevailing political insecurity in Guinea Bissau and the slow process in the implementation of the Peace Agreement, it is not expected that IDPs will return in large numbers before the scheduled elections in March 1999. To cover the needs of the displaced population scattered in several regions of Guinea Bissau, WFP is pledging food assistance for the estimated 350,000 displaced up to end March 1999. Food distribution will be executed by WFP through its officers in Bissau and Bafata in cooperation with its implementation partners. The WFP will assess the nutritional situation among IDPs and local population in areas mostly affected by the crisis in order to better target its assistance.
As a bridging operation towards rehabilitation and reconstruction, WFP will assist food-for- work schemes to rehabilitate destroyed social infrastructure, especially that of schools and health facilities. WFP will join its efforts with various donors, UN Agencies and NGOs engaging in rehabilitation efforts to complete its assistance with the needed technical and material support. To improve sanitary conditions in urban and peri-urban areas, time-limited food-for-work schemes will be established with implementing partners for garbage collection and clean up works.
To assist the most vulnerable population, WFP will partly restart its previous development projects in the sectors of vulnerable group feeding and primary school canteens. The vulnerable group feeding will address the needs of malnourished children and pregnant/lactating women through health centres. The previously existing primary school canteens in three regions of the country will be rehabilitated to allow the schools to be opened as soon as possible. In addition to students, assistance will be extended to auxiliary staff such as cooks. Teachers will receive cooked meals at schools during the first three
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 33 33 months of the year 1999, before their salary payment is reinstalled. Special efforts will be done to mobilise the civil society and specially the parents’ associations at school level, to quicken the return to normalcy in the education sector.
WFP will provide basic equipment for school canteens to assist in their rehabilitation, as well as needed equipment for monitoring of nutritional situation in health centres. Equally, some basic construction materials will be supplied for minor rehabilitation works such as repairs of warehouses and canteens at school and health centres level. WFP needs funds also to replace partly destroyed or lost office, communication and transport equipment, and to strengthen monitoring of its assistance jointly with UNICEF on the school canteens programme.
Therefore, the food requirement is calculated, as follows: Project Target Group Number of Duration of Food Beneficiaries Assistance Emergency assistance IDPs and refugees 350,000 Jan-Mar.99(90 days) Vulnerable Group Vulnerable groups 10,000 365 days feeding Primary school feeding Primary school 60,000 180 days children Cooks for canteen 1,200 180 days Teachers 1,500 90 days Food-for-work Voluntary workers 6,000 365 days from poor households workers(equals 30,000 family members) TOTAL 428,700
Commodity Stock Carried Over Requirement for the Balance of Food at the End of Dec.98 Above Beneficiaries Required Cereal 9,635 18,762 (9,127) Veg. Oil 36 1,067 (1,031) Pulses (45) 1,383 (1,428) CSB 781 4,409 (3,628)
Canned - 808 (808) beef/canned fish Sugar - 204 (204) TOTAL 10,407 26,633 (16,226)
FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Item US$ Commodities equivalent to 16,226 MTs 7,133,605 Ocean, Land and in-land transport 3,788,771
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 34 34 Direct support cost 1,252,288 Indirect support cost 730,480 TOTAL 12,905,144 Appealing Agency: World Health Organization
Activity: Address the health needs of IDPs and most affected host communities
Code: GUI-99-1/N05
Target Population: 350,000 IDPs and most affected host communities in Guinea- Bissau
Implementing Agencies: WHO, UNICEF, Ministry of Health and other UN Agencies, bilaterals and NGOs
Time Frame: January-December 1999
Objectives: 1) To monitor health situation including assessment of health needs. 2) To prevent and control communicable disease, including epidemics. 3) To provide technical assistance to NGOs and UN Agencies in the area of environmental safety and physical rehabilitation of victims of war.
Funds Requested: US$ 795,000
SUMMARY Prior to the outbreak of current conflict in Guinea-Bissau, WHO’s programmes included essential drugs, maintenance of an epidemiological surveillance system and prevention and control of communicable diseases.
Today, these programmes are in complete disarray as the health infrastructure has been severely impacted by the conflict. Not only is the distribution system for essential drugs no longer active, but also the system for the surveillance, prevention and control of communicable diseases and epidemics has broken down.
At this point, it is extremely important that the Health Information System, including the epidemiological surveillance system for the detection of diseases such as cholera, yellow fever and meningitis, is re-established and reinforced. Communicable diseases cause serious problems in the context of a collapsed health system as a consequence of the war, if not promptly and properly addressed, cause of morbidity and mortality.
A clear picture of the health system including health infrastructure will be needed for reconstruction and rehabilitation. In this project WHO intends to address the health needs described.
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 35 35 FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Item US$ Monitoring of health situation, and production of regular feedback on public health problems (health assessment evaluation of infrastructure for rehabilitation 150,000 Prevention and control of communicable diseases, including specific drugs (malaria, tuberculosis) and vaccines (yellow fever, measles and meningitis) 350,000 Epidemiological surveillance , including water quality control 150,000 Technical assistance for physical rehabilitation of victims of war 50,000 Technical assistance for sanitation and environmental safety in Bissau and 50,000 other towns at risk Programme support costs (6) percent 45,000 TOTAL 795,000
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 36 36 Appealing Agency: United Nations Children’s Fund
Activity: Maternal and child health care
Code: GUI-99-1/N06
Target Population: Children and mothers among displaced population and most affected host communities in the 11 health regions of the country
Implementing Partners: Ministry and Regional Health Teams, WHO, NGOs, and other UN Agencies and bilaterals
Time Frame: 1January - 31 December 1999
Objectives: Improve PHC to reduce maternal and infant mortality due to main pathologies; Prevent and control of epidemics Reinforcement of capabilities and care related to emergency situation, in the regional hospitals, and health centres in Guinea Bissau
Funds Requested: US$ 1,294,000
SUMMARY Following the outbreak of current conflict in Guinea Bissau, the distribution system for essential drugs, the epidemiological surveillance and control system, the prevention and control of communicable diseases and the logistical support and planning systems of the Ministry of Health are in complete disarray. There has been a major epidemic of malaria during the latter part of 1998 and there are fears of other epidemics, particularly measles and meningitis, which could be very serious among a child population already weakened by poor nutrition.
It is important that the epidemiological surveillance system be re-established and reinforced to detect such diseases as meningitis, yellow fever and outbreaks of diarrhoea and a timely campaign conducted. Measles will also cause serious problems if immunisation is not promptly re-instituted and essential drugs and preventive measures will be essential to limit the impact of malaria.
UNICEF will concentrate its emergency health programme on supporting the implementation of the immunisation programme including EPI vaccines, fuel and transport. Also included in this project are the allocation of incentives for health workers until government systems can reassume the responsibility . Based on joint objectives, UNICEF will work closely with WHO in the implementation of complementary health activities.
FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS UNICEF
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 37 37 Budget Item US$ Provide drugs and equipment in the Health facilities Supply and distribution of drugs and medical material in the health centres 250,000 and health posts, including stationery Supply of vehicles for the RHT and HC (3 cars, 8 motorbikes) 84,000 Provide and maintain transport and communication means Fuel for vehicles, including for the hospitals 69,100 Maintenance and repair of vehicles 21,000 Maintenance and repair of communication equipment 15,000 Improve the capacity and involvement of staff Training of health staff and basic health workers (impregnation, prevention 15,000 and treatment of most current diseases, epidemiological survey, nutrition) Establishment and training of health management committees 9,000 Incentives for the RHT and health staff 97,600 Incentives for supervision activities 89,000 Vaccination and prevention activities Supply of vaccines for EPI 90,000 Distribution of Vitamin A supplements (supply, training, IEC) 250,000 Equipment and maintenance of cold-chain in health centres, central and 22,800 regional stores Incentives for the vaccination campaigns 20,000 Nutritional survey and control 15,000 Support to the RHT and MoH for the health information system 12,500 Printing and distribution of information material 3,500 Orientation workshop for the Basic Health Workers and the communities 15,000 Sub-Total 1,078,500 Project support Technical assistance (10 percent) 107,800 Operational and administrative cost (5 percent) 54,000 Contingencies (5 percent) 54,000 TOTAL 1,294,300 Appealing Agency: United Nations Population Fund
Activity: Contingency reproductive health assistance
Code: GUI-99-1/N07
Target Population: Couples, women in reproductive age groups, youth both male and female
Implementing Agencies: Government, UNFPA, NGOs
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 38 38 Time Frame: January - December 1999
Objectives: To ensure that reproductive health services are provided to IDPs with special attention to women and young girls; To help prevent the spread of STDs; To ensure provision of basic requirements for safe delivery and treatment of any related complication; To ensure appropriate care to victims of sexual and gender-based violence
Funds Requested: US$ 647,829
SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES During the period of armed conflict, UNFPA through the government-run health networks, provided emergency reproductive health kits to meet the RH needs of displaced people who had found refuge in and around Bafata, Gabu and Mansoa in a first phase, and later in Bissau, Prabis, Cumura and Quinhamel. In the aftermath of the conflict, these activities should be pursued in order to cover as far as possible the entire territory in particular in those areas where the larger groups of displaced people are located. Services will also be brought to the refugee camp of Jolmete. Concurrently, health infrastructures need to be upgraded both in terms of renovation and equipment. These reproductive health services will include provision of contraceptives mainly oral pills, IUDs, injectables and condoms; drugs for treating sexually transmitted diseases; medical supplies to ensure clean and safe delivery both in health infrastructures and at home by birth trained attendants; materials and drugs for the treatment of complications resulting from abortions and gender related violence. All these materials are contained in the Reproductive Health Emergency Kits which UNFPA has helped to assemble for countries in crisis.
In addition, information, education, communication and counselling activities will be undertaken in support of the RH services and to help prevent the spread of sexually transmitted diseases. Health personnel will be trained in RH techniques, IEC and counselling.
In order to ensure that RH services are carried out in a clean environment, RH/FP facilities will be upgraded through rehabilitation and renovation. These include health centres and maternity wards of the main hospitals. Support will be given to the Ministry of Health to ensure continued supervision by relevant qualified staff.
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 39 39 FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Item US$ Supply of emergency reproductive health kits including Condoms 186,601 Supply of contraceptives (oral, injectables, IUDs) 95,750 Training of medical doctors, nurses and birth attendants 32,000 reproductive health skills and information, education and communication Development/production of IEC materials 50,000 Rehabilitation of maternity wards and RH/FP facilities 160,000 Provision of equipment 100,000 Supervisory visits undertaken by health personnel 23,478 TOTAL 647,829
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 40 40 Appealing Agency: United Nations Children’s Fund
Activity: Water and sanitation
Code: GUI-99-1/N08
Target Population: Displaced and resident population in main concentration areas
Implementing Partners: Ministry and Regional Teams of Natural Resources, NGOs, local enterprises
Time Frame: January - December 1999
Objectives: Build better WES conditions in the localities welcoming the displaced to avoid water-related diseases; Secure a regular water quality control of traditional wells in the neighbourhood of Bissau and towns with major concentration of people; Support the municipalities of the main cities for the definition and implementation of a sanitary strategy
Funds Requested: US$ 1,875,000
SUMMARY Before the conflict erupted, access to potable water was already a problem in a number of towns in the country. Old urban systems installed in the 50’s were hardly maintained in operations and barely sufficient for the resident population before the crisis.
The 7 June 1998 conflict exacerbated the water supply issue adding to an already obsolete water system in most towns of Guinea Bissau. The lack of fuel prevented the use of water system already fallen in decrepitude. Moreover, the same towns are hosting large number of IDP, at times, more than doubling the number of people, putting additional pressure on the system. Most affected towns are Bafata, Gabu, Cacheu, Canchungo, Bissora, Prabis, Cumura, and Safim.
As immediate measures, between July and November 1998, potable water was provided in priority to hospitals, with key distribution points in each town. In Bafata, UNICEF hired during first few months and than used a UNHCR loaned water tank truck to take water from a Gabu main bore hole to the regional hospital. In the mean time, technicians from UNICEF and NGOs maintained and repaired old wells and bore holes and dug few new ones in key IDP hosting cities.
In Bissau, the return of an estimated 200,000 people between 16 September and 9 October, resulted in large accumulation of rubbish creating diseases hazards. It is expected that, as soon as the implementation of the Peace Agreement takes its momentum, the IDP will return for the second time once they feel confident with the political process. Therefore, a sanitation programme will be most indicated on the basis of a FFW programme involving UNICEF and WFP.
The proposed water and sanitation assistance programme is based on initial assessment and identification of key small towns and rural areas where wells and bore holes will be dug and other repaired. The sanitation programme will include the construction of latrines and environment sanitation programmes in Bissau and other cities. FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Item US$
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 41 41 Rehabilitate water supply facilities in major cities Assess situation and make accurate assessment of needs 400,000 Order supplies and equipment Identify and engage contractors Supervise and monitor Improvement of 300 traditional wells Assess situation, make assessment of needs and identify localities 150,000 Identify and engage contractors Supervise and monitor Drill of 80 boreholes Assess situation, identify localities 700,000 Order supplies including hand pumps Identify and engage contractors Supervise and monitor Involvement of communities in maintenance and management Meetings at community level 20,000 Training for water management committees Information, education and communication on basic hygiene education and simple environmental protection Construction of 900 low-cost latrines Meetings at community level (combined with water, above) 35,000 Construction of latrines IEC as above Support to the municipalities to sanitation strategy Prepare guidelines to manage environmental sanitation in selected towns 55,000 Supply of sanitation equipment Local labour costs for urban sanitation Monitor the quality of water supplies Incentives for water quality control personnel 140,000 Supply of chemicals for disinfection of wells Supply of chemicals and equipment for water quality control Well disinfection campaigns in main towns Support to the organisms of water quality control Sub-Total 1,500,000 Project support Technical assistance (10 percent) 150,000 Operational and administrative cost (10 percent) 150,000 Contingencies (5 percent) 75,000 TOTAL 1,875,000
Appealing Agency: United Nations Children’s Fund
Activity: Child protection
Code: GUI-99-1/N09
Target Population: All children and youth directly or indirectly victims of war
Implementing Partners: Ministries and Regional teams of Health, Education, Social Affairs, NGOs
Time Frame: 1 January to 31 December 1999
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 42 42 Objectives: Provide assistance to child and youth victims of war Support the social reintegration and protection of children and youth Protect the children against mines
Funds Requested: US$ 402,000
SUMMARY Guinea Bissau enjoys an extremely closely-knit society with long traditions of sharing food, shelter and labour. This inbuilt social safety net has been extremely important in providing shelter and care for the displaced. However, as the conflict has dragged on, an increasing number of children have lost contact with their direct relatives although they may remain under foster care.
Schools have been closed since early June, some have been damaged and many teachers have had to find alternative means of survival as their salaries (never generous) have gone unpaid. This lack of routine and the persistent disruption and movement in their lives is placing many children in the position where it will be difficult for them to resume a “normal”life.
The profession of social psychology and the concept of counselling and support for children, particularly those who may not manifest obvious signs of disorders, is not well developed in Guinea Bissau. There will be a need to carefully analyse the situation and to provide information and support to parents and children on the symptoms and consequences of psychological trauma and to provide skilled counselling to those most in need.
The project will also promote children’s rights and will address the need for mines awareness education in those areas most affected, the suburbs of Bissau and near Fulacunda.
FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS Budget Item US$ Psychological counselling and war trauma resolution Training of 60 psychological counsellors by an experienced psychologist, 3,500 on trauma detection and psychological counselling (5 day workshops). Incentives and material for counselling activities. 40,500 Workshops (1 day) for 3,000 teachers, social and health workers on war 62,500 trauma detection.
43 Orientation and information to families, communities (100,000 peoples), 10,000 on the existence of war psychological trauma, its symptoms and consequences. Restarting social and recreational activities Supply of recreational materials (games, sports, music instruments…) for 50,000 500 clubs and associations. Printing and distribution of IEC material on abuse against the children and 25,000 their rights. Support to local associations in planning and monitoring of social activities 2,000 Re-opening of social support centres Supply of books, tape recorders, cassettes, news-paper subscriptions…in 10,000 50 centres Incentives for the staff in social support centres 22,000 Training on management of social support centre for 100 staff 6,500 Information on mines danger Supply of information and visuals items (2000 posters, 30 000 leaflets) 56,000 Support to IEC activities on awareness on mines 5,000 Orientation for members of clubs and social support centres on mines 5,000 awareness Sub-Total 298,000 Project support Technical assistance (20 percent) 59,500 Operational and administrative costs (10 percent) 29,500 Contingencies (5 percent) 15,000 TOTAL 402,000
44 Appealing Agency: United Nations Children’s Fund
Activity: Primary education
Code: GUI-99-1/N10
Target Population: 80,000 children in primary schools
Implementing Partners: Ministry and Regional teams of Education, Communities
Time Frame: January - December 1999
Objectives: Secure the return to school of the children and teachers
Funds Requested: US$ 5,220,000
SUMMARY Prior to the conflict, the primary school enrolment rate of children in Guinea Bissau was abysmal. Just over 50 percent of eligible children were enrolled in elementary basic education (4 grades) and 26 percent in complementary basic education (grades 5 and 6). Less than one-third of teachers were considered to be qualified. Now added to this, most young children have not been to school for almost half a year as a result of the conflict. The school infrastructure has been damaged, teachers have not been paid for months and obviously, many have found other things to do.
There is an urgent need to not only bring the situation back to a pre-war level but also to provide a platform for major investment in this neglected sector for the future of the country. First call will be to repair schools, provide incentives for teachers, either financial or as food or both, re-establish parent-teacher associations and provide minimum materials and equipment to bring as many children as possible back to school as quickly as possible. UNICEF will be working closely with WFP and with local education committees on this project. The first steps are being taken during 1998.
The project has three dimensions: Teachers and staff motivation including training and incentives; the repair of 50 damaged schools, re-equipment of 200 schools and supply of school material for 2,000 classrooms; Information, education and communication activities will be undertaken to motivate parents and communities on the benefits of education;
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 45 45 FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS Budget Item US$ Repair, re-equipment and material supplies Repair of 50 damaged premises (20,000 US$/school) 1,000,000 Re-equipment of 200 schools with furniture (4,000 US$/school) 800,000 Supply of teaching material for 2,000 classes (teachers-books, manuals, 2,000,000 pedagogic material) Supply of stationery for 2,000 classes 600,000 Motivation and mobilisation of parents IEC activities for parents and communities on the benefits of education 10,000 Capacity building of communities and parents associations 10,000 Teachers and staff motivation Training of Regional Educational team (50) and school directors (100) on 6,500 planning and school management In service training of 600 teachers 10,000 Subscription on pedagogical magazines for 200 schools 4,000 Incentives for 2,600 teachers during 6 months (January-June) 284,000 Sub-Total 4,724,500 Project Support Technical assistance (5 percent) 236,000 Operational and administrative cost (3 percent) 141,500 Contingencies (2,5 percent) 118,000 TOTAL 5,220,000
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 46 46 Appealing Agency: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
Activities: Relocation away from the border and basic assistance for some 5,400 Senegalese refugees in Guinea-Bissau.
Repatriation and initial reintegration of some 5,300 refugees of Guinea-Bissau in the sub-region.
Participation in the efforts of the UN system to reintegrate the IDPs in Guinea-Bissau.
Code: GUI-99-1/N11
Target Population: 5,400 Senegalese refugees; 5,300 refugees of Guinea-Bissau IDES in major areas of return (under assessment)
Implementing Agencies: UNHCR, Governments, UN Agencies and NGOs
Time Frame: January - December 1999
Objectives: (Senegalese refugees) To ensure the safety, security and well- being of some 5,400 Senegalese refugees in Guinea-Bissau
(Repatriation to Guinea-Bissau) To start the organised repatriation of approximately 5,300 refugees of Guinea-Bissau as soon as conditions allow their return in safety and dignity; To ensure that repatriation will be voluntary; To ensure that minimum facilities will be available in the major areas of return to allow the returning refugees (and IDES) to start a new life back home.
Funds Requested: Senegalese refugees in Guinea-Bissau US$ 645,995 Repatriation to Guinea-Bissau US$ 766,257
Total: US$ 1,412,252
SUMMARY
(Senegalese refugees) The 5,415 Senegalese refugees along the border in Guinea-Bissau have been a source of discontent between Senegal and Guinea-Bissau since they are perceived as actively supporting the ambitions for independence of the Casamance region in South Senegal. The relocation away from the border of this refugee group was decided back in 1997. Unfortunately, it did not materialise for reasons beyond UNHCR’s control. The people living on both sides of the border area have very close ethnic links. As a result of this year’s conflict in Guinea-Bissau and the involvement of Senegalese troops on Guinea-Bissau soil, the need to relocate this group has grown ever more urgent. The relocation to the previously established camp of Jolmete (housing at present some 750 Senegalese refugees) is expected to improve their protection situation and UNHCR’s access, and to eventually diminish the tensions between both countries that contribute to continuous agitation in the area. Whereas UNHCR does at present not assist the refugees in the border area, modest facilities and services are provided in the Jolmete camp.
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 47 47 (Repatriation to Guinea-Bissau) The very recent signing of the Abuja Peace Agreement between the Government of Guinea- Bissau and the self proclaimed military junta has considerably improved the prospects for the rapid repatriation of the refugees of Guinea-Bissau as well as the return of IDES. Groups of 2,500 refugees are in Senegal, 1,800 in Guinea and 500 each in The Gambia and Cape Verde. The profile of the refugees is unusual in that 75 per cent are of urban background with females representing only 30 per cent. Half of the refugee population belong to the age group of under 20 years. The majority is not accommodated in camps but with host families.
UNHCR considers the following conditions a minimum for organised repatriation under the organisation’s auspices: 1. all parties respect the peace agreement; 2. the effective deployment of ECOMOG troops; 3. the wish and free decision of refugees to return home; 4. the Government’s guarantee to respect the basic rights of returnees and UNHCR’s mandate.
UNHCR would then be responsible for: ￢ promoting repatriation ￢ registering voluntary repatriation candidates in the countries of asylum ￢ the provision of a repatriation package ￢ transport to destination ￢ ensuring protection and assistance during the movement ￢ monitoring the well-being of returnees in their places of origin or destination ￢ contribute to implement, directly or indirectly, reintegration projects
The promotion campaign will include information on the situation in the country of origin and inform the refugees of their rights and duties. The repatriants and their personal belongings may travel home by different modes of transport (road, sea) depending on their current location and their place of origin/destination. UNHCR is at present exploring with different sources the possibility of free transport. The repatriation package will consist of food for one month (provided by WFP) as well as basic household items. The standardised composition will be determined on the basis of needs assessments to be carried out as soon as conditions on the ground permit such exercises. Similarly, the most pressing needs to facilitate initial reintegration will be assessed, and UNHCR will implement quick-impact projects in live-saving sectors, where needed: US$ 50 for reintegration purposes per returning refugee has been taken as an indicative basis. A UNV for three months will assist with the various repatriation activities. Tripartite commissions composed of the countries of asylum, the country of origin and UNHCR, before and during the repatriation as well as repatriation seminars will be organised to facilitate a smooth running of the operation.
Based on the rationale that UNHCR has earlier provided support to vulnerable IDES in Guinea-Bissau to prevent a big exodus, the reintegration projects will also contribute to the initial reintegration of IDES within the overall programme of the UN. The assistance will, however, be limited to those areas where displaced persons return in considerable numbers alongside returning refugees.
UNHCR’s assistance programmes will be carried out in cooperation with other UN Agencies and NGOs. In order to avoid duplication and to facilitate complementary, mutual support and a clear division of tasks and responsibilities, a plan is being established with WFP, UNICEF, OCHA, UNDP, WHO and NGOs operating in the field.
The voluntary return of the refugees to their area of origin or destination in safety and dignity will determine the level of success of the UNHCR operation.
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 48 48 FINANCIAL SUMMARY REPATRIATION TO GUINEA-BISSAU Budget Item Countries of Country of TOTAL US$ Asylum Origin Food* 1,541 1,541 Transport/Logistics 276,198 276,198 Domestic Needs 34,035 34,035 Water Sanitation Health 12,229 12,229 Shelter 9,360 9,360 Community Services 3,997 250,000 253,997 Education Crop Production Income Generation Legal Assistance 25,240 25,240 Agency Support 61,271 61,271 Programme Delivery** 33,436 28,908 62,344 Admin. Support 14,152 15,890 30,042 TOTAL 471,459 294,798 766,257 * does not include the cost of food provided by WFP ** includes costs for protection, monitoring and coordination
This budget is only valid for the repatriation of refugees; it is preliminary in nature and may be reduced or re-adjusted between sectors as a result of needs assessments and subsequent detailed programming. The costs of a limited care and maintenance programme in the countries of asylum during 1999 is included in UNHCR’s Global Appeal for 1999. Only one budget will apply depending on the possible start of the repatriation operation and the situation on the ground.
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 49 49 FINANCIAL SUMMARY SENEGALESE REFUGEES IN GUINEA-BISSAU Relocation and Assistance Budget Item US$ Food* 91,293 Transport/Logistics 89,441 Domestic Needs 26,600 Water 14,649 Sanitation 1,143 Health 19,987 Shelter 192,406 Education 25,221 Crop Production 26,639 Legal Assistance 5,677 Agency Support 18,544 Programme Delivery** 86,724 Admin. Support 47,671 TOTAL 645,995 * based on the present planning, UNHCR is to provide the food ** includes costs for protection, monitoring and coordination
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 50 50 Appealing Agency: Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
Activity: Coordination of humanitarian assistance programmes
Code: GUI-99-1/N12
Target Population: 382,000 displaced and vulnerable persons
Implementing Agency: OCHA
Time Frame: January – December 1999
Objectives: Facilitate coordination and information sharing among all partners involved in the provision of humanitarian assistance to Guinea Bissau affected populations
Funds requested: US$ 636,643
SUMMARY In the UN Consolidated Inter-Agency Interim Appeal for Guinea Bissau, OCHA appealed for funds to establish an office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Assistance Programmes for Guinea Bissau. With funding provided by Denmark and Sweden, an office has been established and two humanitarian assistance officers joined the Chief of Unit in (late) October.
Advocacy : After the resumption of hostilities in Guinea Bissau which began on 9 October, all UN Agency headquarters as well as a number of NGOs and Diplomatic Missions were relocated to Dakar, Senegal. Throughout October and November although based in Dakar, the three-person OCHA office has played a leadership role for humanitarian assistance to Guinea Bissau, most notably in advocating for the opening of the Tambacounda/Wassadou/Pirada/Gabu corridor in negotiations with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Senegal, as part of an Inter-Agency effort.
Information/Coordination : In addition, OCHA has established and maintained practical and timely information sharing/coordination mechanisms, including : (1) Inter-Agency Humanitarian Coordination Group (established and led by OCHA to assist UN Agencies to plan and ensure a coordinated humanitarian plan for Guinea Bissau); (2) Weekly situation reports covering (a) Politic-Military developments as they impact on the humanitarian situation, (b) Humanitarian Impact, (c) Humanitarian Response incorporating UN, NGO, ICRC and donor response by sector and region; (3) Reactivation of Sector-Based working groups; (4) Weekly NGO meetings with electronic follow-up with additional daily situation reports when conditions warrant; (5) Donor briefings concerning the Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP); (6) Press briefings; (7) Production and dissemination of programming tools such as (a) matrix of UN/NGO presence in Guinea Bissau by region and sector of assistance (b) consolidation of population data (residents and displaced, by region and sub- region; as well as daily information-sharing at working-level with UN Agencies, NGOs and Donors.
Needs Assessments/UN Return to Guinea Bissau Following the 21 October cease fire and the 2 November signature of the peace agreement, the OCHA office has played also an key role in organising a series of Inter-Agency missions and formulating follow-up recommendations in order to assess humanitarian needs and plan
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 51 51 for an imminent return to Guinea Bissau. OCHA is working toward a return date of 1 December, with the “main” office (2 International staff) to be based in Bissau with the third International Humanitarian Affairs Field Officer based in Bafata, thereby ensuring OCHA support to field operations at a regional as well as national level. OCHA regional representation is especially important in order to work closely with the Government of Guinea Bissau Ministry of Health which has been assigned the National role of humanitarian assistance coordination as well as the Military Junta, and to nurture the Government/Military Junta/UN Agency/NGO linkages during the period of transition (early-mid 1999) with the formulation of the Government of National Unity. While funds requested are based on a one- year budget for the OCHA office, OCHA envisages a gradual hand-over of its functions, information base and networks to UNDP during the latter part of 1999, whose exact date will be based on the rate of implementation of the peace agreement, elections and eventual UNDP round table.
FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Item US$ International staff : Chief of Unit, Humanitarian Affairs Officer, Information 392,000 Officer Local staff : 1 assistant to Chief of Unit; 2 secretaries, 2 drivers, 1 cleaner 65,000 Consultant (1 month and travel) 8,050 Seminars: workshop on IDP in Guinea Bissau 5,000 Travel cost in-country and region 15,500 General operating expenses 69,500 Supplies and materials (including external printing) 10,250 Acquisition of furniture/equipment 47,800 Inter-organisational global security measures 5,000 Sub-Total excluding International staff salaries 618,000 3 percent Programme Support Costs 18,543 TOTAL 636,643
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 52 52 Appealing Agency: World Food Programme
Activity: Regional aircraft support of humanitarian operation
Code: GUI-99-1/N13
Implementing Agency: WFP
Time Frame: January - December, 1999
Objective: To ensure that the UN Agencies, NGOs and other partners have a reliable means for rapid humanitarian assessments, urgent delivery of high value relief goods, evacuation of relief workers and their quick deployment to all affected areas
Funds Requested: US$ 429,200
SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES WFP pledged a total of US$ 415,000 for regional aircraft operations in 1998. However, due to the prevailing insecurity situation and the closure of Bissau airport, chartering of an aircraft was extremely difficult. WFP was able to start charter operations to Guinea Bissau from Dakar only on 23 November 1998 thanks to a contribution of US$ 125,000 by the Swedish Government. This contribution will cover the aircraft support needs to the end of February 1999 with three flights per week for the routing of Dakar/Bafata/Bissau/Dakar.
The aircraft operation will need to be sustained for the whole year of 1999 to ensure a reliable means for the UN Agencies, NGOs and other partners to execute and monitor their assistance operations. Due to lack of any appropriate means of transport to shuttle passengers from the Bissau airport to the centre of the city and back, a mini-bus will be required to make the operation more effective.
FINANCIAL SUMMARY Budget Item US$ Caravan or Twin Otter aircraft 360,000 Recruitment of two national air coordinators for Dakar and Bissau (12 months) 15,000 Vehicle rental support and purchase of mini-bus to be stationed in Bissau, including maintenance cost 32,000 Airport forwarding agents services (US$ 60 per landing) 7,200 Communication and computer equipment with VHF radio 15,000 TOTAL 429,200
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 53 53 ANNEX I. 1998 FINANCIAL SUMMARIES
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 54 54 lv ANNEX II. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES BY SECTOR OF ACTIVITY
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 1 FOOD PRODUCTION
Specific Objectives Strategy Activities Contributors FAO WFP HCR 1- Resume food - Assist the farm - set up of a coordination unit to X production activities. population to resume food support emergency agricultural production activities. interventions.
- strengthen local X authorities' capacity to support - provide technical advice to the farm the rural sector. population and humanitarian organisations operating in the support to agricultural sector. 2- Reduce dependence - introduce adapted - supply basic agricultural inputs to the X on food aid actvities/inputs which are suited 36,000 households most affected by the to local growing conditions. crisis.
- raise production levels through appropriate farming - provide technical assistance to rural X practices. populations.
3- Resume fishing - modernise small-scale fishing ￢ s X X activities/Improve living conditions of small- scale fishermen. - improve methods of ￢ t preserving fish. X
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 2 2 FOOD DISTRIBUTION
Specific Strategy Activities Contributors FAO WFP HCR 1. Assure that affected 1. Organize a focused food 1. A X population, especially distribution strategy based on IDPs, have sufficient criteria and clearly defined 2. C food until their target group. situation is stabilized. 3. U X
2. Proceed, whenever possible, 4. I X with the provision of food ration compatible with the 5. M national staple food. 2 6. E X X
3. Assure timely distribution of X food. 7. A
4. Involve local and X international NGOs with the food distribution programme.
5. Work closely with local, X regional and national Bissau Guinean authorities. 3 2. Contribute to the 3. Provision of food to 4. Assessm X rehabilitation of workers involved in ent of the priority social sanitation of Bissau. scope, services through duration X food incentives. and 2. R extent of X e the h sanitation a project in X b Bissau. i 5. Execute l timely i distributi t on of X a food t ration as i agreed in o FFW n project. o 6. Assessm f ent of k number e of y infrastruc s tures o damaged c during i the a conflict l (by i region n and f sector) r 7. In a collabora s tion with t designate r d u authoritie
1Letter of Understanding 2UNDP, STS funds can be made available 3This activity may involve WHO and UNICEF
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 3 3 c s agree to t the u managem r ent e system s enabling i appropria n te h monitori e ng and a evaluatio l n. t h 8. Review , the w managem a ent t system of e FFW r project to a improve n accounta d bility . e d u c a t i o n .
3. I n v o l v e t h e l o c a l, r e g i o n a l a n d n a t i o n a l a u
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 4 4 t h o r i t i e s i n t h e p l a n n i n g , i m p l e m e n t a t i o n a n d m o n i t o r i n g p h a s e s o f t h e F F W
p r o g r a m m e
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 5 5 3. Improve food 9. J 10. Work X X production in country o closely and avoid seeds being i with eaten. n local X X t authoritie l s and y communi X X i ties to m identify p the target l groups. e 11. Pre- m positioni e ng of n food t stock and f seeds in o prioritize o d d regions. a 12. Timely n and d coordinat s ed e distributi e on of d food and d seeds to i target s groups. t r i b u t i o n .
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 6 6 HEALTH
Objectives Strategy Activities Contributors UNICEF WHO UNFPA 13. E14. Pr 6. Supply X ov and id distributi e on of X dr drugs ug and s medical an material X d in the X eq health X ui centres p and X m health en posts. X t 7. Supply in and th distributi e on of X H drugs ea and lth medical X fa material cil in the iti hospitals. es. 8. Supply of X motorbik X X 2. Pr es for the ov RHT and X X id HC. X e 9. Fuel for X an vehicles. d 10. Maintena m nce and ai repair of nt vehicles. ai 11. Supply n of radio tr communi an cation sp equipme or nt. t 12. Maintena fo nce and r repair of su communi pe cation rv equipme isi nt. on 13. Training an of health d staff ou (bednets tr impregna ea tion, ch preventio str n and at treatment eg of most y. current diseases, epidemio logical survey, nutrition) 3. I . m 14. Training pr of Basic ov Health
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 7 7 e Workers th (nutrition e al survey, ca preventio pa n and cit treatment ie of s current of diseases st 15. Training af of f. workers of other sectors (preventi on of diseases and nutrition al 4. I survey) m 16. Incentive pr s for the ov Regional e Health th Team. e 17. Incentive in s for vo supervisi lv on e activities m . en 18. Supply t and of distributi st on of af contrace f ptives. in 19. IEC he activities alt . h 20. Training ac of health ti staff. vi 21. Support tie to the s. maternity ward and 5. E RH/FP ns units. ur e th e ac ti vi tie s of R ep ro du cti ve H ea lt h, in cl ud in
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 8 8 g Fa m il y pl an in g. 2. Prevent epidemics 3. Resume vaccination and 4. Supply X and reduce the prevention activities. of incidence and vaccines X mortality due to for EPI main pathologies. and X poliomye litis. X 5. Supply of vaccines X for 2. Es yellow X ta fever and X bl meningiti X is s. h 6. Distributi he on of X alt Vitamin h A X in suppleme fo nts. X r 7. Equipme m nt and ati maintena on nce of sy cold st chain in e health m centres, . central and regional stores. 8. Incentive s for the 3. IE vaccinati C on ac campaig ti ns. vi 9. Nutrition tie al survey s and in control. th 10. Epidemi e ological H survey ea and lt control. h 11. Technica C l en assistanc tr e to the es drawing an of a d National co Plan of m control m and un preventio iti n of es epidemic . s. 12. Support to the
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 9 9 RHT for the health informati on system. 13. Printing and distributi on of informati on material. 14. Orientati on worksho ps for the Basic Health Workers and communi ties. 3. Provide medical 4. Improve the quality of care 5. Re-implement training for X and psychological and counselling. physicians at the National Health support to the School. victims of war. 6. Training of prosthetic technicians and physiotherapists. X 7. Supply of rehabilitation material. 8. Training of the health staff on psychological counselling. X 9. Psychological counselling. CHILD PROTECTION AND SOCIAL REINTEGRATION
Objectives Strategy Activities Contributors UNICEF WHO UNFPA 10. Provide assistance 11. Support to psychological 12. Training of 60 psychological X to child and youth counselling and war- counsellors by an experienced victims of war, trauma resolution psychologist, on trauma detection and psychological counselling (5 day workshops) 13. Incentives and material for X counselling activities 14. Workshops (1 day) for 3 000 X teachers, social and health workers on war trauma detection. 15. Orientation and information to X families, communities (100 000 people), on the existence of war psychological trauma, its symptoms and consequences. 5. Support the social 6. Restarting social and 3. Supply X reintegartion and recreational activities. of protection of recreatio children and nal X youth. material (games, sports, music X instrume nts…) 2. R for 500 X e clubs - and o associati X p ons. e 4. Printing X n and i distributi n on of g Informati
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 10 10 on, o Educatio f n and s Commun o ication c material i on Child a Rights. l 5. Support s to local u associati p ons in p planning o and r monitori t ng of c social e activities n . t 6. Supply r of books, e tape s recorders , cassettes, newspap er subscript ions in 50 centres. 7. Incentive s for the staff in social support centres 8. Training on manage ment of social support centre for 100 staffs.
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 11 11 PRIMARY EDUCATION
Objectives Strategy Activities Contributors UNICEF WHO UNFPA 9. S 10. S 5. Repair X e of 50 X c damage u d X r premise e s. t 6. Re- X h equipm e ent of X e 200 s schools s with X e furnitur n e. X ti 7. Supply al of i teachin n g X fr material X a for st 2 000 X r classes u (teacher ct s- u books, r manuals e , s pedago a gic n material d ). e 8. Supply q of u statione i ry for p 2 000 m classes e 9. IEC n activitie t. s for 11. S parents e and c commu u nities r on the e benefits r of e educati s on. et 10. Capacit tl y e building m of e commu n nities t and k parents it associat s. ions. 11. Trainin g of Regiona l 3. P Educati r onal o team m (50) o and t school
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 12 12 e director t s (100) h on e plannin b g and e school n manage e ment. fi 12. In t service s training o of 600 f teachers s . c 13. Subscri h ption on o pedago o gical li magazi n nes for g 200 a schools. m 14. Incentiv o es for n 2 600 g teachers p during a 6 r months. e n t g r o u p s .
4. E n c o u r a g e E d u c a ti o n a l t e a m s t o r e s t a rt e
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 13 13 d u c a ti o n a l a c ti v it i e s .
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 14 14 WATER AND ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION
Objectives Strategy Activities Contributors UNICEF WHO UNFPA
15. P 5. Rehabilitate water supply 1. Assess situation and make accurate X facilities in major cities. assessment of needs. 2. O X X 3. I X
4. S 2. Im X pro ve X 30 5. A X 0 tra 6. I diti X on 7. S X al we X lls X 2. Maintain water in 8. A supply systems. to wn 9. O X s X wit 10. I h X dis 11. S pla ce 3. Improve d environmental pe 12. M sanitation to opl X contribute to e. 13. T improved health. X 14. I X X 3. Dri ll 80 15. M X bor X e 16. C 4. Ensure that water hol supplies are safe. es 17. I in X su 18. P bur X ba 19. S n X are 20. L as X of ma jor 21. I citi es. 22. S
23. S
24. W 4. Inv olv em ent of the co m mu nit y
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 15 15 in ma int en an ce an d ma na ge me nt.
5. Co nst ruc tio n of 90 0 lo w- cos t latr ine s, 10 0 per reg ion .
6. M oni tor the qu alit y of wa ter su ppl ies.
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 16 16 ASSISTANCE TO REFUGEES
Specific Objectives Strategy Activities 25. P 26. O3. I
4. R
5. M
6. M 2. C 7. D
8. P
2. Organize the voluntary repatriation of 3. Assure that refugees are coming back to 5. A refugee population from Guinea Bissau Guinea Bissau on a voluntary basis. based in Senegal, Guinea Conakry, 6. P Gambia and Cape Verde. 7. W
8. P
2. P 9. U
10. O
3. A11. A
12. D
13. F
4. S
17 ANNEX III. NGO MATRIX
Emergency and Development Activities by Sector and Region updated by OCHA as of 25 November 1998 BASED ON INFORMATION PROVIDED TO OCHA BY NGOS
REGION Agriculture Food/Food Health/ Water and Nutrition Distribution Education Sanitation (other, specify)
Bafata ADPP ADPP Caritas ADPP MSF/ Plan Int’l AFVP ICRC* ICRC ICRC Caritas ICRC IEGB IEGB IEGB MSF MSF Plan Int’l OXFAM Plan Int’l Biombo ICRC Caritas Bandim H.P. ICRC Bandim H. P. ICRC Caritas Caritas
Bissau ICRC ADRA ADRA IFRC Bandim H.P. Bandim H.P. Bandim H.P. ICRC Caritas Caritas Caritas OXFAM ICRC ICRC ICRC Radda Barnen Radda Barnen** Radda Barnen Bolama/ ADRA Caritas ADRA ADRA (femmes) Caritas Caritas Bijagos Caritas Caritas IEGB Caritas IEGB IEGB Cacheu ADRA ICRC ADRA MSF Caritas ICRC Caritas MSF MSF Radda Barnen VIDA Gabu ADPP ADPP AMI ADPP AMI AFVP IEGB Caritas OXFAM Caritas CIC OIKOS Radda Barnen Oio ADPP ADPP ADPP ADPP LVIA IEGB Caritas IEGB Caritas LVIA IEGB LVIA LVIA Radda Barnen Radda Barnen Tombali Africare Africare Africare Africare Africare IEGB* ALTERNAG Caritas Caritas Quinara AD Caritas Caritas Caritas ALTERNAG ICRC*
* indicates distribution partners with WFP (July contracts : ADPP(Oio/Gabu); ICRC (Cacheu/Bafata); IEGB (Tombali). Since the July contracts were established, Caritas has also become an implementing partner with WFP. ** Radda Barnen works in partnership with Alternag, Amic, Andes and Enda.
18 ANNEX IV. ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
AD Acçao para o Desenvolvimento ADPP Development Aid from People to People ADRA Adventist Development and Relief Agency AFVP Association Franུaise des Volontaires du Progrès AMI Associaçao Medica International Alternag Associaçao Guineense de Estudos e Alternativas AMIC Associaçao dos Amigos das Crianças
CHAP Common Humanitarian Action Plan CIC Children in Crisis CICR Comité International de la Croix Rouge CRS Catholic Relief Service
EPI Extended Programme of Immunisation
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FCIL Canadian Fund for Local Initiatives FFW Food-for-Work
GDP Gross Domestic Product
IDPs Internally Displaced Persons IEC Information, Education and Communication IEGB Igreja Evangelica de Guinea Bissau IRC International Rescue Committee IUD Intra-uterine device
LVIA Lay Volunteers International Association
MDM Médecins du Monde (active in 1998 but no longer present in G.B.) MoH Ministry of Health MSF Médecins Sans Frontières/Internationale MTs Metric Tonnes NGOs Non-governmental organisations
OCHA Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OXFAM Oxford Committee for Famine Relief
RHC Reproductive Health Care RHT Regional Health Team
UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNFPA United Nations Population Fund UNV United Nations Volunteers
WFP World Food Programme WHO World Health Organization
UNITED NATIONS CONSOLIDATED INTER-AGENCY APPEAL FOR GUINEA BISSAU 19 19