Journal of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Biochemistry Zeitschrift für Klinische Chemie und Klinische Biochemie
Gemeinsames Organ der Deutschen, der Niederländischen, der Österreichischen und der Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Klinische Chemie
Editors in Chief Verantwortliche Herausgeber Johannes Büttner, Hannover Ernst Schütte, Berlin
Managing Editor Schriftleiter Friedrich Körber, Berlin Special Editor for IFCC Recommendations Nils-Erik Saris, Helsinki
Editors Herausgeber Hugo Aebi, Bern Erich Kaiser, Wien Heinz Breuer, Bonn Esso Johannes van Kampen, Groningen Johannes Büttner, Hannover Hermann Mattenheimer, Chicago Hans Joachim Dulce, Berlin Ernst Schütte, Berlin Jörg Frei, Lausanne Dankwart Stamm, München Wolfgang Gerok, Freiburg Hansjürgen Staudinger, Freiburg Helmut Greiling, Aachen Otto Wieland, München
Advisory Board unter Mitarbeit von Klaus Borner, Berlin Ec1 Attention before copying! Do you photocopy articles from this periodical? If so, have you made certain that you are not violating the legal copyright regulations and making yourself liable to prosecution? According to copyright law it is only permissible to make a few copies of individual articles for personal use. Reproduction of articles for commercial use by an industrial enterprise is subject to charge. Detailed information can be obtained free of charge from the VG Wissenschaft GmbH, "Copyright", Großer Hirschgraben 17—21, D-6000 Frankfurt/Main, this company being responsible for collection of copying fees. Copying in the USA! The appearance of the code at the bottom of the first page of an article in this journal indicates the copyright owner's consent that copies of the article may be made for personal or internal use, or for the personal or internal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay the stated per-copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. Titel-Nr. 3 10 900 360 9 ISSN 0340-076X Copyright © 1982 by Verlag Walter de Gruyter & Co. Typesetting Arthur Collignon GmbH, Berlin Printing Mercedes-Druck, Berlin Binding Buchbinderei Spiller, Berlin Advertising Merkur-Werbung GmbH, Postfach 1245, D-5210 Troisdorf 1 Editorial Assistant and Technical Coordinator Joan F. Meier Printed in Germany All rights reserved, including those of translations into foreign languages. No part of this journal may be reproduced in any form - by photoprint, microfilm or any other means - nor transmitted nor translated into a machine language without written permission from the publisher. The quotation of registered names, trade names, trade marks, etc. in this journal does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement that such names are exempt from laws and regulations protecting trade marks, etc. and therefore free for general use. Verlag Walter de Gruyter & Co., Genthiner Straße 13, D-1000 Berlin 30, ® (030) 260 05-0, Telex 01 84 027 W Walter de Gruyter, Inc., 200 Saw Mill River Road, Hawthorne, N.Y. 10532, @ (914) 747-01 10, Telex 646 677 DE G WALTER DE GRUYTER • BERLIN • NEW YORK Stalla, Giesemann, Müller, Wood and Scriba: A direct homologous radioimmunoassay for serum Cortisol 427 J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. Vol. 19, 1981, pp. 427-434 The Development of a Direct Homologous Radioimmunoassay for Serum Cortisol1),2) By G. K Stalla Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt der Universität München, G. Giesemann Organisch-Chemisches Institut Garching der Technischen Universität München, O. A. Müller Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt der Universität München, W. G. Wood and P. C Scriba Klinik für Innere Medizin, Medizinische Hochschule Lübeck (Received July 10/December 1, 1980) Summary: This article describes the synthesis of a pure cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl) oxime with its subsequent use in producing highly specific antibodies and a 125I-tracer with a shelf life in excess of several weeks. An assay was developed using a pH of 4, thus allowing a direct measurement of Cortisol in serum without extraction or heat denaturation. The quality-control parameters were checked - the intra-assay C. V. in the working range (area of clinical interest) was under 5%, and the interassay C. V. under 11%. Correlation studies with results using other antisera and with 3H-tracer are highly significant with the slope of the regression curve deviating less than 2% from the ideal volume. Finally the assay is fully automatable and is suitable for most automatic pipetting and analysis systems. Die Entwicklung eines direkten homologen Radioimmunoassays für Serum-Cortisol Zusammenfassung: Diese Arbeit beschreibt die Herstellung eines reinen Cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl) oxims und seine weitere Verwendung zur Gewinnung hochspezifischer Antiseren und eines 125I-Tracers mit einer Einsatzmög• lichkeit von mehreren Wochen. Es wurde ein Assay entwickelt, der bei pH = 4 arbeitet. Dies erlaubt die direkte Bestimmung von Serum-Cortisol ohne Extraktion oder Hitzedenaturierung. Als Qualitätskontrollgrößen fanden sich ein Intraassay-Variationskoeffizient im steilen Bereich der Standardkurve, der für klinische Fragestellungen wichtig ist, von unter 5%, und ein Interassay-Variationskoeffizient von unter 11 %. Die Korrelationsstudien mit Ergebnissen, die man mit anderen Antiseren bzw. mit einem 3H-Tracer erhielt, waren alle hochsignifikant mit einer Abweichung der Regressionsgeraden von weniger als 2%. Der Assay ist voll automati• sierbar und für die meisten automatischen Pipettier- und Analysensysteme adaptierbar. Introduction therefore be coupled to a carrier protein to form a complex capable of producing an antibody response. As the request for the routine measurement of the Because of the large number of naturally occurring Cortisol concentration in serum grows, so does the need for a simple and accurate method with high capacity. The method of choice is an immunoassay. 1) Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 51) Because of its low molecular weight, Cortisol does not 2) Preliminary results were presented in part at the "Biochemi• have any intrinsic antigenic properties (1) and must sche Analytik'1, München 1978 and 1980. 0340-076X/81/0019-0427S02.00 © by Walter de Gruyter & Co. • Berlin • New York 428 Stalla, Giesemann, Müller, Wood and Scriba: A direct homologous radioimmunoassay for scrum Cortisol steroids, many of which are similar in structure to a desiccator-U-tube filled with silica gel and left to react at Cortisol, a specific assay is needed which will measure room temperature. Cortisol alone in serum. This makes the synthesis of The reaction was monitored by removing a small volume of the reaction mixture at regular intervals, transferring it to a thin- pure specific defined derivatives of the utmost impor• layer plate (0.2 mm silica gel) and running it in an ethyl acetate, tance. acetic acid, water (9 + 1 + 0.1 by volume) mixture. Ultraviolet light (254 nm) was used to visualise the spots. As time pro• Another important point is the choice of isotope for the gressed, the spot given by Cortisol disappeared, while at the same radioactive labelling. Because of the lower costs, higher time a new, more polar spot appeared. The reaction time for specific activity and counting efficiency, not to mention the complete disappearance of Cortisol was about 6 hours. Figure 1 shows the reaction "catalysed" by pyridine. the relative case of aqueous waste disposal, a 125 iodine- The pyridine was removed from the reaction products by using tracer is the label of choice. rotary vacuum distillation and the product dissolved in acidified Finally, in order to achieve a high throughput of samples, (acetic acid) dioxane. The dioxane was then removed in a similar fashion. The latter process was repeated until no more pyridine an extractive or heat denaturation step to free Cortisol could be detected by thin-layer chromatography in ultraviolet from Cortisol binding globulin must be avoided in order light. to allow automation of the method. The product so obtained consisted mainly of cortisol-3-(0-carb- oxymethyl)oxime with traces of cortisol-20-(O-carboxymethyl) These problems have been dealt with individually in the oxime and C-3,20-di(O-carboxymethyl)oxime together with construction of the assay described here. unchanged Cortisol. This mixture was dissolved in 1 ml acidified (acetic acid) dioxane and transferred to a preparative silica gel thin-layer chromatography plate (2 mm) using the same solvent system as above. Materials and Methodology Each plate could accommodate ca. 0.1 mmol mixture. After the plates had been run, they were dried and the bands marked under ultraviolet light. It is known from infra-red spectroscopy All chemicals were of "pro-analysi" grade or "puriss" grade. that the cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime derivate followed The following chemicals were purchased from Merck (Darm• the unchanged Cortisol. The cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime stadt): was scratched from the plate and dissolved from the silica gel Cortisol, all reagents for buffer preparation, all reagents used by alternate washing with dioxane and solvent mixture, keeping as solvents, molecular sieve (0.4 nm), Silica Thin Layer the silica gel in place on a glass sinter and allowing the solvents to Chromatography plates, Tyramine hydrochloride, Tyrosine- flow over it. After removal of the solvent, the product was dried methyl-ester hydrochloride, Chloramine-T, Sodium metabi- over P2O5 in oil-vacuum. sulphite, Potassium bromide, Polyethylene glycol 6000, The yield was between 60 and 70% of the theoretical value. The N-ethyl-N(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride. cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime was kept dry and stored at Human serum albumin, ß-, 7-globulin and thyroglobulin were -20°C. purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (Taufkirchen) Antigen synthesis Rabbit-7-Globulin was purchased from Serva (Heidelberg) Due to favourable experience using bovine thyroglobulin as a Carboxymethoxylamine hemihydrochloride was purchased from hapten carrier for raising antisera to low molecular weight EGA-Chemie (Frankfurt/Main) peptides (2), this protein was chosen as the vehicle for coupling Pertussis vaccine and Freund''s Complete Adjuvant were to Cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime. Two coupling methods obtained from Behringwerke (Marburg/Lahn) were used, namely a carbodiimide (3) and a mixed anhydride 125 reaction (4), to study the molar incorporation and antigenity Sodium iodide was obtained from Amersham-Buchler (Braun• schweig) of the synthesized conjugates. Cortisone was obtained from Schering (Berlin) Carbodiimide method Fludrocortisone and Triamcinolone were purchased from van 10 jumol cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethy l)oxime (4.4 mg) were Heyden (Munich) dissolved in 1 ml dioxane to which 1 ml acidified water (pH 5.5) Betamethasone was obtained from Byk-Essex (Munich) was slowly added dropwise. 60 mg N-ethyl-carbodiimide hydro- Methylprednisolone was obtained from Homburg (Frankfurt/ Main) Spironolactone was obtained from Boehringer (Mannheim) 0-CH2-C N AH other steroids were purchased from Fluka (Neu-Ulm) , 0H Synthesis of a pure cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime The principle of the reaction between Cortisol and carboxy• methoxylamine hemihydrochloride is the conversion of the ketogroups at position C3 and C20 to an oxime group, whose carboxyl group is then available for coupling reactions as used in the production of immunogen and tracer. Three reaction products are formed, namely a C3-oxime, a C2o-oxime and a C3-2o~dioxime. The following method describes the production of a pure C3-oxime. The following reagents are added to a Quickfit-flask: 1 mmol Cortisol (362.5 mg) dissolved in 1 ml dry pyridine, followed by 0.5 mmol carboxymethoxylamine hemihydrochloride (109 mg) dissolved in 1 ml dry pyridine. Fig. 1. Pyridine-catalysis of cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime An excess of a molecular sieve (0.4 nm) to remove the water reaction. Only the A-ring and 3-position of the cortisol- formed in the reaction was added and the flask connected to molecule is shown. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. / Vol. 19, 1981 / No. 7 Stalla, Giesemann, Müller, Wood and Scriba: A direct homologous radioimmunoassay for serum Cortisol 429 chloride was added as dry substance and 0.1 jumol bovine thyro• tion tube and shaken; the organic phase is then transferred to globulin subunit (16 mg) in 1 ml acidified water (pH = 5.5) a thin-layer chromatography plate. The aqueous phase is slowly added. The reaction was allowed to proceed at room washed twice with ethyl acetate, and the organic phase trans• temperature for 20 hours. During the first hour, the pH was ferred each time to the plate. The plate is then developed using kept at 5.5. After termination of the reaction, 3 ml 1 mol/1 the solvent system previously described (ethyl acetate: acetic hydroxylamine hydrochloride solution was added to destroy acid: water - 9 + 1 + 0.1 by volume). After separation the any excess of carbodiimide. The mixture was allowed to stand plate is cut into thin strips and counted in a gamma counter. one hour, and was then dialysed first against 0.01 mol/1 NaOH The strips with high radio-activity were eluted with ethyl to remove uncoupled cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime, then acetate, the solvent then removed and the remaining substance against distilled water overnight. The product was lyophilised dissolved in buffer (0.1 mol/1 citrate buffer, pH = 4, containing and stored at - 20 °C until required. 2.5 g/l gelatin and 2.5 g/1 bovine serum albumin, both steroid free). Each fraction was tested for maximum binding (B0) and Mixed anhydride reaction unspecific binding (N) in antibody excess. The fractions with BQ > 90% and N < 5% were pooled. If no fraction had these Here, 0.1 Mmol bovine thyroglobulin subunit (16 mg) was properties, the fractions with the highest binding were re- dissolved in 1 ml saturated NaHC03-solution, pH = 8.5. 10 jumol extracted into ethyl acetate and rechromatographed. Useable cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime (4.4 mg) dissolved in 1 ml tracer was diluted to a concentration of ca. 2 X 108 counts/ dioxane were mixed with 20 jumol triethylamine (2 mg) and min • 1 (3.3 MBq/l) and stored at - 20 °C until use. cooled to 5 °C; then 11 jumol «obutylchloroformate (1.5 mg) were added and stirred for 20 min at 5 °C, to form the mixed Radioimmunoassay anhydride. The cooled bovine thyroglobulin solution is added dropwise over 30 minutes and the reaction mixture allowed to Cortisol-free serum stand at room temperature overnight. Removal of unreacted All standards were made up in cortisol-free serum or in a pro• small molecules was carried out by dialysis as described above. tein solution containing human albumin, and ß and 7-globulins in physiological concentrations, in which each component had Antibody production been tested for Cortisol content. Dexamethasone-suppressed Ten rabbits of no fixed race or sex, aged 3 months were used. patients donated serum which was read off a buffer curve. Those After 20 weeks, 7 had either died or had been bled out. The patient sera showing no detectable Cortisol were pooled and remaining 3 were boostered together with 3 new rabbits over a used. The "synthetic serum'* was only used as an emergency further 9 month period. measure, or in experimental situations. Standard curves made up in hormone-free serum and in the protein solution were The lyophilised antigen was dissolved in physiological saline so identical. that each animal received 0.016 Mmol coupled bovine thyro• globulin subunit in 0.25 ml. An equal volume of complete Freund's adjuvant was used to form a water in oil emulsion Tracer-binding kinetics which was injected intradermally in 30-40 sites on the flanks The tracer binding of the antiserum K9 for the zero and and along the spine. The booster scheme and antibody-titer- 15 Mg/dl (414 nmol • liter"1) standard at room temperature curves are shown in figure 6. With the first two injections, each shows a plateau after one hour. As the assay was almost in rabbit received 0.25 ml Pertussis vaccine as additional stimulus equilibrium, an assay time of 75 minutes was chosen. The results (2). Ten to fourteen days after the third and subsequent injec• with 4 °C incubation were similar, but with lower binding. tions, blood was taken from an ear vein and tested for antibodies as follows: The sera were diluted with phosphate buffer and pH 4-assay 100 M! portions incubated for 75 min with 100 M1 tracer. 50 fil The maximum affinity of Cortisol binding globulin (CBG) for carrier serum and 1000 p\ 125 g/1 or 150 g/1 polyethylene- Cortisol is seen at about pH 8. Under both acid and alkaline giycol were used to separate bound and free tracer (5). Titer conditions, the affinity of CBG falls off rapidly, and at pH 4, was defined as the serum dilution which bound 50% of the CBG has no measurable affinity for Cortisol (7). added tracer under assay conditions. Figure 2 shows the pH-dependance of the Cortisol binding to the Production of a 1251-cortisol tracer antibody K9. At pH 4 the affinity of the antibody is maximal, thus allowing an assay to be developed without prior denatura- The so-called 2-step method of tracer production is preferred. tion of CBG, an advantage in the question of automation. As Cortisol is not easily directly iodinated, an easily iodinatable molecule is first reacted with the cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl) Albumin, as well as CBG, binds Cortisol (8) and so the effect of oxime, then labelled in a second step. albumin upon the accuracy of the assay at pH 4 was tested. As only 3 M1 serum was used in the assay (see below) amounting to In view of the disadvantages of the carbodiimide reaction, a about 125 Mg albumin, a significant quantity when compared mixed anhydride method was used to couple either tyrosine- methyl-ester or tyramine to cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime in a molar ratio of 2:1. The reactants are dissolved in dry pyridine and the reaction carried out as described above. After 7000 completion of the reaction, the products are freed from solvent and the remaining substance dissolved in ethyl acetate and 6000 washed with 0.01 mol/1 NaOH and 0.01 mol/1 HCl. After removal of the ethyl acetate under vacuum distillation, the dry powder, 5000 either cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime-tyrosine methyl ester or -tyramine, was stored at - 20 °C until use. Before labelling, 4000 1 mg of derivate was dissolved in 1 ml dioxane, and 4 ml 0.5 mol/1 phosphate buffer pH = 7.5 added dropwise. n 3000 The labelling was carried out as follows: 2000 20 M! steroid derivative (ca. 4 Mg), 1000 20 M1 Na125I (2 mCi = 75 kBq) and -i. j.— -4N 20 M! Chloramine T (10 Mg) 0 _i I . were added to a siliconised plastic tube and allowed to react for 2 min, when the reaction is stopped by addition of 40 M1 PH Na2S205 (80 Mg). A pre-purification step is carried out as published (6). 100 M! Fig. 2. pH-dependence of the antiserum K9 with maximal distilled water and 200 ß\ ethyl acetate are added to the reac• binding (B0) and unspecific binding (N). J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. / VoL 19, 1981 / No. 7 430 Stalla, Giesemann, Müller, Wood and Scriba: A direct homologous radioimmunoassay for serum Cortisol with that in the tracer (250 Mg/100 MD, concentrations of Automation 10-160 g/liter (1000-16000 Mg/sample) were tested. There The assay, as shown in table 1, lends itself for use in the auto• was no significant change in the binding of tracer to the anti• matic system developed in this department (10). Details of this body at pH 4. automation have already been published (11). In brief, the capacity of the system is limited by the dilutor which can Affinity studies process 170-250 samples/hour with a coefficient of variation The affinity of the antisera was tested under assay conditions of < 1% for this assay. with the help of a Scatchard plot (see below), which after trans• formation of the standard curve data allows the affinity con• Data processing stant of the antibody for the antigen to be calculated. Figure 3 Figure 4 shows a typical standard curve using data for the auto• shows the Scatchard plot for antibody K9 and gives an affinity 10 mated assay for Cortisol, and a spline-function (12). The curve constantof0.il X 10 1/mol. form was characterised by use of the 50% intercept and the precision by the lower limit of detection. Optimised double antibody technique A technique using combined second antibody (2. Ab) and poly• ethylene glycol in low concentrations has been developed in Results this laboratory (9) for peptide hormones; it accelerates the formation of precipitable l.Ab-2.Ab complexes, which can Synthesis either be centrifuged or filtered to effect a bound/free separa• tion. The application of this method to the cortisol-RIA leads of a pure cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime to a time saving of 50%, as well as an elevation of B0, and reduction of N when the 2.Ab polyethylene glycol solution is Figure 5 shows an IR-spectrogramme of Cortisol, testo• added in 0.07 mol/1 phosphate buffer pH 7.4. sterone and cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime. The arrows show the carbonyl groups at ca. 1710 cm"1 and ca. 1640 cm"1 in Cortisol and only at 1640 cm"1 in testosterone which only has a C3-keto group. In the 1U KQ=0.11*10 l/mol case of cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime, the band at 1 1710 cm" due to the C20-keto group is fully intact, whereas that at 1640 cm"1 has disappeared, showing a specific conversion of the C3-keto group. The keto group at C3 appears to be more reactive, as the keto group at C20 is sterically hindered by the Cn>21- hydroxymethyl groups. This reaction rate difference is not seen at higher temperatures. The effect of temperature on the rate and specificity of the reaction was studied at (a) 50-60 °C, (b) 10-15 °C and (c) room temperature (20-22 °C). In the case of 0 0.09 0.19 0.28 0.37 0A7 0.56 0.66 075 0.84 Q94 (a) above, the reaction was complete within 60 min, but Bound (labelled and unlobelledlontigen [nmol/ll the specificity was poor, equimolar amounts of C3- and C o-derivatives being seen, together with unidentifiable Fig. 3. Scatchard plot under assay conditions showing affinity 2 Tab. 1. Assay details. 1.00 Standard solution or serum 3 M1 0.80 [125Ilcortisol tracer in 0.1 mol/1 Na-citrate-buffer pH=4 + 2.5 g/1 gelatin + 2.5 g/1 bovine serum albumin 0.60- (ca. 10000 counts/min • 150 150 Ml a? Cortisol-antiserum 0.40 - (1:8000 in 0.1 mol/1 Na-citrate buffer pH=4) 100 Ml 75 min incubation at room temperature 400 M1 second antibody (lot-dependent) 0.20 for each one hundred samples in 50 ml 60 g/1 polyethylene glycol in 0.06 mol/1 Na-phosphate buffer pH=7.4 0.00 L 7.8 15J8 31.2 62.5 125 250 500 1000 + rabbit-7-globulin (7 Mg/sample) 500 M1 Cortisol [jig/ll 60 min incubation at room temperature Separation using filtration or centrifugation Fig. 4. Typical standard curve using antiserum K9, own (10 min at 3000 £) (125I]cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime-tyrosine- methyl-ester tracer and second antibody/polyethylene Counting time 2 min gly col-separation. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. / Vol. 19, 1981 / No. 7 Stalla, Giesemann, Müller, Wood and Scriba: A direct homologous radioimmunoassay for serum Cortisol 431 Wave number [cm"1) Fig. 5. Infrared-spectra showing absorption bands of the C20- and C3-keto groups. Above: Cortisol, middle: testosterone, below: cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime. side-products. At lower temperatures as in case (b), the bovine thyroglobulin-cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl) oxime reaction took two days and showed no better selectivity formed by the carbodiimide reaction. than at room temperature (case (c)), where the reaction was complete within 6 hours. Antibody production Figure 6 shows the antibody titer curve over 42 weeks Antigen synthesis for a rabbit injected with the cortisol-3-(0-carboxy- The degree of coupling of cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl) methyl)oxime complex formed by the carbodiimide oxime to the bovine thyroglobulin was determined by reaction. Because of the low titer, all rabbits were using [3H]cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime and meas• boostered with the cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime uring the ratio of radioactivity in the starting material to complex formed by the mixed anhydride method. After that in the product. a single injection the titer rose from 1:3200 to 1:16000 Specific coupling of cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime (K2). The Cortisol content of the antiserum at the con• to bovine thyroglobulin subunit was 5:1 (mol/mol) and centration used in the assay was tested after pepsin-HCl unspecific coupling 2:1 using the carbodiimide method, digestion to destroy the antibody. The value lay under the corresponding figures for the mixed anhydride the detection limit of the assay and therefore proved to method being 20:1 and 2:1, respectively. be unimportant. A further disadvantage of the carbodiimide method is 125 that it takes place at a slightly acid pH were the solubility Production of a [ IJcortisol tracer of cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime is very low. It is In the radioimmunoassay in current use in this laboratory possible that here, instead of a carboxyl group activation, (see below) a 50% intercept of 10 jug/dl (276 nmol • a guanidine derivative is formed. It is also possible that liter"1) and less was achieved using the 1251-cortisol- the bovine thyroglobulin is partly polymerized and (0-carboxymethyl)oxime-tyrosine-methyl-ester derivative thereby denatured by carbodiimide reaction products and a 50% intercept of 50 Mg/dl (1380 nmol • liter"1) (1). This is reflected by the poor water solubility of for the [125I]cortisol-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime-tyramine J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. / VoL 19, 1981 / No. 7 432 Stalla, Giesemann, Müller, Wood and Scriba: A direct homologous radioimmunoassay for serum Cortisol M II' IM Ml Ml I I I K 1-10: 0 10 20 30 405060^ K 13.14,16: 0 2 12 22 32 ^ Weeks after first immunization Fig. 6. Antibody-titer from rabbits injected with cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime-thyroglobulin-conjugates. + = rabbits died. From week 0-28 K1-K10 received a conjugate cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime: bovine thyroglobulin subunit =4:1, from the 28th week a conjugate cortisol-3-(Ocarboxymethyl)oxime: bovine thyroglobulin subunit =6:1 using carbodiimide reaction. Rabbits 13, 14, 16 received only the latter conjugate (week 28 = 0). From week 16 K 13, 14, 16 and from week 44 K 1, 2, 9 received a conjugate cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime: bovine thyroglobulin subunit = 20:1 using the mixed anhydride method. derivative. The tyrosine-methyl-ester derivative was and for the regression line a = 10.6 jug/1 and b = 0.971. introduced for reasons of sensitivity. This difference in Again the correlation was highly significant. These results the form of the standard curve with these derivatives show that the new assay with antiserum K9 gives the agrees with already published data (6). The shelf-life of same results as the antiserum donated by Kuss using 1251 the tracer is at least several weeks, thus making labelling or 3H (an indirect, but logically grounded assumption). necessary about 6 times a year. Specificity Radioimmunoassay Figure 7 shows the cross-reaction profile of both other Correlation studies steroids using antiserum K9. The cross-reaction of The performance of antiserum K9 was compared with Cortisol is set at 100% and the cross-reaction of the the antiserum in current use in the laboratory, which steroids is by weight (mean of several concentrations). had been donated by Professor ZT. Kuss (I. Frauenklinik As a comparison, the antiserum donated by Kuss cross- der Universität München). The correlation was studied reacted with cortisone to an extent of 85%, 11-deoxy- in 50 routine sera measured with both antisera on the cortisol 30% and prednisolone 35%. same day using identical reagents. The regression data for the line y = a + bx where y represents the K9 values and x the "control-method", was excellent with Quality control a = 3.4jug/l and slope b = 0.99. The correlation coeffi• The following results were obtained using the described cient (r) was 0.94 and gave a p-value of < 0.001, i.e. assay procedure partly with antiserum K9 and partly highly significant. with antiserum donated by Kuss. A correlation with the 125I-tracer using the antiserum The intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation donated by Kuss and pH=4-assay compared with the (C.V.) were tested. The intra-assay C.V. for 5 sera earlier 3H-assay with extraction and column chromato• reflects the parabolic form of a precision profile with graphy separation of bound and free antigen (13) gave high C.V. at low and high concentrations, i.e. where the a correlation coefficient for 43 data pairs of r = 0.87 standard curve is flattest (11). J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. / Vol. 19, 1981 / No. 7 Stalla, Giesemann, Müller, Wood and Scriba: A direct homologous radioimmunoassay for serum Cortisol 433 Reactivity with only a C3-keto group, the synthesis is much easier miii IHI Cortisol than for Cortisol. 0.4 1 Cortisone Further attempts to produce a direct cortisol-3-tyrosine 3.5 Corticosterone 1• < 0.01 11-Deoxycorticosterone derivative by reductive amination (Leuckart-Wallach) 3.4 Progesterone met with no success. The use of sodium cyanoborhydride I• < 0.01 11-Hydroxyprogesterone (NaBH3CN) as a specific reductant for azomethines (18) 1 < 0.01 Oestradiol + 1 < 0.01 Oestrone in the presence of H was only successful for the reduc• 1 < 0.01 Oestriol tion of cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime. 1 < 0.01 Androstendione 1 1.4 Pregnenolone The use of the mixed anhydride method for coupling 1 1.2 Testosterone cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethy 1)oxime to bovine thyro• 1 1.0 Prednisolone globulin is, because of the alkaline conditions, to be ••1 12.3 Prednisone prefered for steroid conjugation; the acid solutions 18.0 Methy lprednisolone needed for the carbodiimide conjugation create solubility 1•• • 0.6 Dexamethasone I < 0.01 Betamethasone problems. This was plainly seen in the boostering of 8.0 Fluorocortisone rabbits with the mixed anhydride product in rabbit K9 1 1.5 Fluorocortolone which led to an immediate 5-fold increase in the anti• 1 0.3 Triamcinolone 1 < 0.01 Spironolactone serum titer. It is well known that there is a minimum I < 0.01 Carbenoxolone ratio of hapten to carrier, below which no or only a poor antibody response is obtained (19). For steroids, a mixed anhydride reaction combines an optimum pH/ Fig. 7. Shows cross-reactivity of antiserum K9 with several protein solubility conditions with the maximum incor• naturally occurring and synthetic steroids. poration. That the tracer is stable for at least two months means The inter-assay C. V. for 33 consecutive assays at a level that the somewhat complicated methodology must be of 174 ;ug/l (480 nmol • liter"1) was 10.5%. The mean carried out at the most 6 times a year, or when larger recovery of added Cortisol to a patient serum in the amounts of tracer can be made, even less frequently. range of 10-500 jug/l (28-1380 nmol • liter"1) was Although a two-phase system was used in the labelling, 95 ± 7.2% for 15 different concentrations. it should be possible to carry out the labelling in an organic phase using a soluble iodination agent such as Normal range Iodogen® (20), an alternative would be labelling of the tyrosine-methyl-ester with subsequent coupling to the Due to the circadiurnal rhythm of serum Cortisol levels, cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime using the mixed- all blood was taken at 9 a.m. under fasting conditions. anhydride method under water-free conditions. This The normal range for 30 patients lay between 55 and 215 ptg/1 (151-593 nmol • liter"1) with a mean and would be less harsh as no oxidation agent would come standard deviation of 143 ± 55 jug/1. The distribution of into contact with the cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl) these 30 sera shows a non-Gawssw«-distribution. To oxime. The disadvantage is the longer reaction time prove the distribution type at least 100 sera must be (about 14 hours), in which radiolysis could give rise to measured. more damage than the Chloramine-T or Iodogen. The attempt to simplify the purification of tracer, by Discussion using Sephadex LH-20 gave no satisfactory results. Being unsuccessful in repeating published methods for No figure for the specific activity of the tracer could be the production of "pure" cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl) given, because of the uncertainty of the recovery through oxime, and because of the obscure criteria for deter• the many purification steps. mining structure and purity (14, 15, 16), a new start The use of a pH=4-assay (11) allowed full automation was made (17). By optimising the synthesis in the wifh a precision in the steep-part of the standard curve absence of water and under pyridine catalysis, together of under 5% as measured by the intra-assay C.V. with careful choice of the chromatographic solvent, it was possible to prepare a cortisol-3-(0-carboxymethyl) The antiserum K9, produced with the pure cortisol-3- oxime of satisfactory purity in thin-layer chromato• (O-carboxymethyl)oxime-bovine thyroglobulin con• graphy, with a yield of about 70% of the theoretical. jugate, showed excellent specificity, and gave rise to a Infra-red spectroscopy showed that only the C-3-isomer sensitive, precise, accurate and rapid assay. This assay of cortisol-(0-carboxymethyl)oxime was produced could be run using either standards in cortisol-free serum (fig. 5). This coupling-method can be used with minor or in a carefully prepared "synthetic serum" to give the modifications for all steroids with a C3-keto group and same results as the assays previously in use in the labora• a non-aromatic A-ring. For testosterone, for example, tory. This antiserum with its lower cross-reactivity to J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. / Vol. 19, 1981 / No. 7 434 Stalla, Giesemann, Müller, Wood and Scriba: A direct homologous radioimmunoassay for serum Cortisol other steroids has potential advantages, especially in with extraction and column chromatography (13). certain scientific problems. These points are very important, especially in a labora• tory rationalisation programme, where a simple, short The development of a direct and homologous assay for assay is preferable to a long and complicated one. serum Cortisol has led to a time and work-saving of above 75% in comparison with the original 3H-method References 1. Nieschlag, E. & Wickings, E. J. (1975), Z. Klin. Chem. Klin. 12. Marschner, I., Dobry, H., Erhardt, F., Landersdorfer, T., Biochem. 7,261-271. Popp, B., Ringel, C. & Scriba, P. C. (1974), Ärztl. Labor 20, 2. Sofroniew, M. V., Madler, M., Müller, O. A. & Scriba, P. C. 184-191. (1978), Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. 290, 163. 13. Müller, O. A., Braun, J., Fröhlich, R. & Scriba, P. C. (1974), 3. Kurzer, F. & Douraghi-Zadek, K. (1967), Chemical Reviews Z. Klin. Chem. Klin. Biochem. 12, 276-278. 67, 107-152. 14. Erlanger, B. F., Beiser, S. M., Borek, F., Edel, F. & Lieber• 4. Erlanger, B. F., Borek, F., Beiser, S. M. & Liebermann, S. mann, S. (1967), Methods in Immunology and Immun- (1957), J. Biol. Chem. 228, 713-727. chemistry 1, 144-151. 5. Desbuquois, B. & Aurbach, G. C. (1971), J. Clin. Endocrinol. 15. Fahmy, D., Read, G. F. & Hillier, S. G. (1975), Steroids 2(5, 33, 732-738. 267-274. 6. Allen, R. M. & Redshaw, M. R. (1978), Steroids 32, 467- 16. Janosky, A. H., Shulman, F. C. & Wright, G. E. (1974), 486. Steroids 1, 49-64. 7. Chan, D. W. & Slaunwhite, W. R. (1977), Arch. Biochem. 17. Stalla, G., Giesemann, G., Müller, O. A., Wood, W. G. & Biophys. 752,437-442. Scriba, P. C. (1980), Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. 301, 129. 8. Westphal, U. (1977), Klin. Wochenschr. 55, 877-880. 18. Borch, R. F., Bernstein, M. D. & Durst, H. D. (1971), J. 9. Wood, W. G., Stalla, G., Müller, O. A. & Scriba, P. C. (1979), Amer. Chem. Soc. 93, 2897-2904. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. 17, 111-114. 19. Hum, B. A. L. (1974), Br. Med. Bull. 30, 26-28. 10. Marschner, I., Erhardt, F., Henner, J. & Scriba, P. C. (1975), 20. Wood, W. G., Wächter, Chr. & Scriba, P. C. (1980), Fresenius Z. Klin. Chem. Clin. Biochem. 11, 481-488. Z. Anal. Chem. 507, 119. 11. Stalla, G., Müller, O. A., Wood, W. G. & Scriba, P. C. (1978), Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. 290, 168-169. Priv. Doz. Dr. med. O. A. Müller Medizinische Klinik Innenstadt der Universität München Ziemssen Straße 1 D-8000 München 2 J. Cün. Chem. Cün. Biochem. / Vol. 19, 1981 / No. 7 Contents/Inhaltsübersicht Reviews/Ubersichten Assmann, G. und Schriewer, H. Goedde, H. W. und Agarwal, D. P. Uhlenbruck, G., Sölter, J., Janssen, E. und Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Ana• Alkohol-metabolisierende Enzyme Haupt, H. lytik des HDL-Cholesterins Eigenschaften, genetisch bedingte Hete- Neue Reaktionsmechanismen des C- Performance and limitations of the ana• rogenität und Bedeutung für den Alko• reaktiven Proteins (CRP) und verwand• lysis of HDL-cholesterol 1 holstoffwechsel des Menschen ter Proteine Alcohol metabolizing enzymes: Bio• New reaction mechanisms of C-reactive Behne, D. chemical properties, genetic heterogen• protein (CRP) and related proteins Sources of error in sampling and sample eity and possible role in alcohol meta• 1201 preparation for trace element analysis in bolism in humans 179 medicine Wisser, H. and Breuer, H. Fehler bei der Probenahme für die Circadian changes of clinical chemical Spurenelementanalyse in der Medizin and endocrinological parameters 115 Circadiane Änderungen klinisch-chemi• scher und endokrinologischer Kenn• größen 323 Original papers/Originalarbeiten Abdel Aziz, F. T., Al-Khayat, T. M. N., Bauer, K. Bohner, J., Stein, W., Renn, W., Steinhart, Izzat, N. N. and Al-Jabour, N. Determination of free haemoglobin in R. and Eggstein, M. Role of the thiazolyl sulphur of ambilhar serum by an automated assay using 4- Stability of macro creatine kinases and as an electron donor in metal chelation aminophenazone and the Cobas Bio creatine kinase isoenzymes compared: Rolle des Thiazolyl-Schwefels von Am• System Heat inactivation test for determination bilhar als Elektronendonator bei der Bestimmung von freiem Hämoglobin in of thermostable creatine kinases Metall-Chelat-Bildung 1081 Serum durch eine automatisierte Stabilität von Makro-Kreatinkinasen Methode mittels 4-Aminophenazon und und Kreatinkinase Isoenzymen: Hitze - Al-Khayat, T. M. N. and Abdel Aziz, F. T. dem Cobas Bio System 971 inaktivierungs-Test zum Nachweis Some studies on the effects of ambilhar thermostabiler Kreatinkinasen 1021 on mobilisation and excretion of lead Blätzinger, J. G., Rommel, K.t and Untersuchungen über die Wirkung von Bonte, H. A. and van der Sluijs Veer, G. Ecknauer, R. Ambilhar auf die Mobilisierung und Evaluation and modification of a radio• Elimination of low molecular weight Ausscheidung von Blei 21 immunoassay for pregnancy-specific ß\ - polyethylene glycol 400 in the urine fol• glycoprotein lowing an oral load, as a measure of Assmann, G., Schriewer, H. und Funke, H. Prüfung, Bewertung und Modifikation intestinal permeability Zur Richtigkeit der HDL-Cholesterin- eines Radioimmunassay für schwanger• Die Messung des niedermolekularen und HDL-Apolipoprotein A-I-Bestim- schaftsspezifisches ß\ -Glykoprotein Polyethylenglycols im Urin nach oraler mung nach Phosphorwolframsäure/ Gabe als Test zur Erfassung der intesti• 1197 MgCl -Präzipitation Apolipoprotein B- 2 nalen Permeabilität 265 haltiger Lipoproteine Carmann, H., van Dalen, A., van Kampen, Accuracy of HDL-cholesterol and E. J., Keogh, H., Lüdin, E., Orjasaeter, H., HDL-apolipoprotein A-I determination Blomquist, C. H., Snyder, B. D. and van der Ploeg, P. and Staab, H. J. after phosphotungstate/MgCl2-precipi• Niehaus, W. G. Interlaboratory investigation on the tation of apolipoprotein B-containing Improved enzymatic method for deter• CEA assay (Roche) with column filtra• lipoproteins 273 mining mannitol and its application to tion, dialysis and ultrafiltration tech• dog serum after mannitol infusion niques Atkins, G. L. Verbesserte enzymatische Methode zur Ringversuche mit dem CEA Test An evaluation of suitable functions for Bestimmung von Mannit und ihre An• (Roche) unter Anwendung von Gelfil- the insulin standard curve wendung auf Serum vom Hund nach trations-, Dialyse- und Ultrafiltrations• Bewertung geeigneter mathematischer Mannitinfusion 139 techniken 961 Funktionen für die Insulin-Standard• kurve 442 Bölke, L., Herzmann, H. und Vormum, G. Cullmann, W. and Dick, W. Über ein 125I-Thyroninderivat hoher A chromogenic assay for evaluation of Averdunk, R. und Grüner, J. spezifischer Aktivität und radioche• «2-macroglobulin level in serum and Einfluß von Vorstufen von Faktor II mischer Stabilität (Pseudo-T4) cerebrospinal fluid oder Faktor X auf den Quick-Wert bei A 125I-thyronine derivative of high spec• Bestimmung von a -Makroglobulin im Verwendung von Thromboplastinen 2 ific activity and radiochemical stability Serum und Liquor mit einem chromo• verschiedener Hersteller (pseudo-T4) 195 genen Substrat 287 Sensitivity of several commercial throm• boplastins to non-carboxylated clotting factors II and X 89 Bonner, G. and Marin-Grez, M. Delbrück, A., Reimers, E. and Schönborn, Measurement of kallikrein activity in I. Bakker, A. J. and Terpstra, Ina urine of rats and man using a chromo- A comparative study of the activity of Clinical evaluation of two calculation genic tripeptide substrate lysosomal and main metabolic pathway methods for a free thyroxine assay Anwendung eines chromogenen Tri- enzymes in tissue biopsies and cultured Klinische Bewertung von zwei Berech• peptids als Substrat für die Bestimmung fibroblasts from Dupuytren'^ disease and nungsmethoden für eine Bestimmung der Kallikrein-Aktivität im Urin von palmar fascia. On the pathobiochemistry des freien Thyroxins 347 Ratte und Mensch 165 of connective tissue proliferation, 1 III Eine vergleichende Untersuchung über Feldmann, U., Schneider, B., Klinkers, droitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate die Aktivitäten lysosomaler und Haupt• H. f and Haeckel, R. Synthese der Leberglykosaminoglykane ketten-Enzyme in Biopsiematerial und A multivariate approach for the bio- in den Frühstadien der Galaktosamin- Fibroblasten in der Gewebekultur von metric comparison of analytical methods Hepatitis: Einer raschen Erniedrigung Palmarfascie und Dupuytren'schem in clinical chemistry des Heparansulfates folgt eine Erhö• Kontrakturgewebe. Multivariate Verfahren zum biome• hung von Chondroitinsulfat und Der- Zur Pathobiochemie der Bindegewebs- trischen Vergleich analytischer Metho• matansulfat 363 proliferation, 1. Mitteilung 931 den in der Klinischen Chemie 121 Groome, N. P. Desser, H., Kleinberger, G. and Käring, J. Fink, P. C. Plasma myelin basic protein assay using Plasma polyamine levels in patients with A fully automated serum electro• Gilford enzyme immunoassay cuvettes liver insufficiency phoresis system Bestimmung des basischen Myelinpro• Der Polyamingehalt des Blutplasmas Ein vollautomatisches Serum-Elektro• teins mit Gilford Enzymimmunassay- von Patienten mit Leberschaden 159 phorese System 379 Küvetten 1067 Dick, W., Cullmann, W., Müller, N. and Francesconi, M., Meryn, S., Moser, K. and Haas, Th., Holloway, C. J., Osterthun, Adler, K. Bauer, K. Vera and Trautschold, I. Factor XII assay with the chromogenic Evidence of age-dependent activity in• Hepatotoxic effects of sera from patients substrate Chromozym PK® crease of poly(C)avid serum ribo- with fulminant hepatitis B on isolated Ein photometrisches Verfahren zur Fak• nuclease in man rat hepatocytes in culture tor XII-Bestimmung mit dem chromo- Nachweis der altersabhängigen Aktivi• Hepatotoxische Wirkung von Seren von genen Substrat Chromozym PK® 357 tätszunahme der Poly(C)-aviden Ribo- Patienten mit fulminanter Hepatitis B nuclease im Serum beim Menschen 17 auf isolierte Hepatocyten in Kultur 283 Diel, E., Bethge, N., Schneider, Elisabeth Gerber-Taras, E., Park, B. K. and Ohn- and Quabbe, H.-J. haus, E. E. Hansen, W. and Schreyer, D. Somatostatin binding factor from The estimation of 6/3-hydroxycortisol in A continuous photometric method for chicken pancreas urine - A comparison of two methods: the determination of small intestinal in- Somatostatin-Bindungsfaktor aus High performance liquid chromato• vertase Hühnerpankreas 99 graphy and radioimmunoassay Ein kontinuierlicher spektrophotome- Zur Bestimmung von 6/3-Hydroxycorti- trischer Test für die Dünndarminvertase Dörner, K., Gustmann, H. and Sippell, W. sol im Urin: Ein Methodenvergleich 39 A new method for the determination of zwischen Hochdruckflüssigkeitschroma• serum iron: Potentiostatic coulometry tographie und Radioimmunoassay 525 Harff, G. A. and van Leeuwen, C. with the Ferrochem 3050 An evaluation of the automated OLLI Ein neues Verfahren zur Eisenbestim• Gielsdorf, W. und Schubert, K. CD discrete analyser mung im Serum: Potentiostatische Zum Stoffwechsel des Doxylamin: Iso• Evaluation des automatischen OLLI CD Coulometrie mit dem Ferrochem 3050 lierung, Identifizierung und Synthese diskreten Analysensystems 1027 967 einiger Metabolite Biotransformation of doxylamine: Iso• Hausen, A., Fuchs, D. und Wächter, H. Ederveen, A. B., Haas, H., Kägedal, B. lation, identification and synthesis of Quantitative Bestimmung von Kreatinin Kaltwasser, F., Lüönd, H., Oellerich, M., some metabolites 485 im Harn mit Hochdruckflüssigkeitschro• Haindl, H., Wagner, H. und Hengst, K. matographie Bestimmung von Triiodthyronin im Gielsdorf, W. und Toffel-Nadolny, P. Determination of creatinine in urine by Serum mit einem heterogenen Enzy- Zur Biotransformation von Zipeprol high performance liquid chromato• mimmunoassay: Ergebnisse einer ge• (Mirsol®) beim Menschen: Gaschro- graphy (HPLC) 375 meinsamen Erprobung matographisch/massenspektrometrische Determination of triiodothyronine in Untersuchungen mit Ammoniak als Heinz, F. and Beushausen, Th. W. serum with a heterologous enzyme selektivem Reaktandgas A new enzymatic method for the deter• immunoassay: Results of a group survey Biotransformation of Zipeprol (Mir• mination of glucose 911 sol®) in humans. Gas chromatographic/ Eine neue enzymatische Methode zur mass spectrometric studies, using Bestimmung von Glucose 977 Eisenwiener, H. G., Kindbeiter, J. M. und ammonia as a selective reactant gas 25 Bellagamba, M. Henze, K., Wallmüller-Strycker, Agnes, Die Bestimmung des anorganischen Gioia, Ines Ana, Serrani, Raquel E. and Bauer, M., Barth, C, Wolfram, G. und Phosphors auf dem IV Hoes, M. J. A. J. M., Kreutzer, E. K. J. and newly developed gas chromatographic Münch, R., Wombacher, H. and Sijben, N. procedure and enzyme immunoassay Körber, F. Xanthurenic acid excretion in urine after (EMIT): A comparative study Kinetic and inhibition studies of Bacillus oral intake of 5 grams L-tryptophan by Kontrolle der therapeutischen Serum• cereus ß-lactamase usings a spectro• healthy volunteers: Standardisation of konzentrationen von Antiepileptika mit photometric method the reference values Hilfe eines neuen gaschromatographi- Kinetische Untersuchungen und Hem• Die Ausscheidung von Xanthurensäure schen Verfahrens und Enzymimmuno- mungsstudien an einer ß-Lactamase aus im Urin nach oraler Einnahme von 5 g tests (EMIT): Eine Vergleichsstudie Bacillus cereus mit einer spektrophoto- L-Tryptophan bei gesunden Probanden: 249 metrischen Methode 953 Standardisierung der Referenzwerte 259 Kunovic, Branka, Cepelak, Ivana and Niederau, Cornelia Maria und Straus, B. Reinauer, H. Husmann, K., Lakomek, H. J., Richter, O., Effect of sodium tetrathionate on the Analyseverfahren für glykosidierte Jacobi, E. und Krüskemper, H. L. activities of some enzymes in kidney and Hämoglobine Quantitative lasernephelometrische Be• urine Ein Methodenvergleich stimmung von Rheumafaktoren mittels Wirkung von Natriumtetrathionat auf Comparison of analytical methods for IgG-beschichteter Latexpartikel die Aktivitäten einiger Enzyme in Niere the estimation of glycosylated haemo• Quantitative laser-nephelometric detec• und Harn 1131 globins 1097 tion of rheumatoid factor, using IgG coated latex particles 1125 Landaas, S., Skrede, S. and Steen, J. A. Oellerich, M. and Haindl, H. Kattermann, R. und Krieger, Ruth The levels of serum enzymes, plasma Determination of triiodothyronine in Mikromethode zur Bestimmung von N- proteins and lipids in normal infants and serum by enzyme- and radioimmuno• Acetyl-Neuraminsaure in Glykopro- small children assay teinen Serum-Enzyme, Plasma-Proteine und Bestimmung von Triiodthyronin im A micromethod for the determination of -Lipide bei normalen Kindern und Serum mittels Enzym- und Radioimmu• N-acetylneuraminic acid in glycopro• Kleinkindern 1075 notest - Eine vergleichende Studie 447 teins 31 Lorentz, K. Oster, O. Keck, E., Krüskemper, H. L. and v. Lilien- Katalytische Konzentration, multiple Zur direkten Bestimmung von Queck• feld-Toal, H. Formen und Lektinaffinität von mikro- silber im Urin nach der Kaltdampf- Protein binding assays for 25-hydroxy, somalen Enzymen menschlicher Ge• Atomabsorptionsspektrometrie- 24,25-dihydroxy and 1,25-dihydroxy webe Methode metabolites of vitamin D in human Lektine als Reagentien, IL Mitteilung The direct determination of mercury in plasma Catalytic concentration, multiple forms, urine by cold vapor atomic absorption Proteinbindungsassays für die 25- and lectin affinity of microsomal en• spectroscopy 471 Hydroxy-, 24,25-Dihydroxy- und 1,25- zymes from human tissues Dihydroxy-Metabolite von Vitamin D Lectins as reagents, II 1181 Oza, N. B. im Plasma des Menschen 1043 Development of a rat urinary kallikrein- binding radioimmunoassay and identi• fication of homologous enzyme in Keller, F., Feldmann, K. und Metz, F.-J. Marell, G. J. and Brombacher, P. J. plasma Eine verbesserte Methode zur selektiven Rapid and sensitive immunochemical Albuminbestimmung mit Bromkresol- determination of immunoglobulins by Radioimmunassay für Kallikrein in Rat• grün auf dem SMAR 12/60 centrifugal analysis tenharn und Identifizierung des homo• An improved method for selective deter• Schnelle und empfindliche immunche• logen Enzyms im Plasma 1033 mination of serum albumin by the brom- mische Bestimmung von Immunglobu• cresol green method, using the SMAR linen mit Zentrifugal-Analyse 67 Passing, H. 169 Comparison of three distribution-free Marescau, B., Pintens, J., Lowenthal, A., procedures in the establishment of as• Köster, G. und Breuer, H. Esmans, E., Luyten, Y., Lemiere, G., signed values in control sera Wirkung einer Nembutalnarkose auf Dommisse, R., Alderweireldt, F. and The establishment of assigned values in den Stoffwechsel von Noradrenalin im Terheggen, H. G. control sera, III Gehirn der Ratte Isolation and identification of 2-oxo-5- Vergleich von drei verteilungsfreien Effect of anaesthesia on the metabolism guanidinovaleric acid in urine of patients Verfahren für die Ermittlung von Soll• of noradrenaline in rat brain 987 with hyperargininaemia by chromato• werten in Kontrollseren graphy and gas chromatography/mass Ermittlung von Sollwerten in Kontroll• Kohlbecker, G. und Butz, M. spectrometry seren, III 1153 Direct spectrophotometric determina• Isolierung und Identifizierung von 2- tion of serum and urinary oxalate with Oxo-5-guanidinovaleriansäure im Harn Passing, H. oxalate oxidase von Patienten mit Hyperargininämie The inadequacy of normal distribution Direkte spektrophotometrische Bestim• durch Chromatographie und Gaschro- models for the establishment of assigned mung von Serum- und Urin-Oxalat mit matographie/Massenspektrometrie 61 values in control sera Oxalat-Oxidase 1103 The establishment of assigned values in Massmann, W. control sera, II Kornmüller, K. J. Reference values of renal excretion of Die Unangemessenheit von Normalver• Enzymatische Bestimmung der Glyce- fluoride teilungsmodellen bei der Ermittlung von rinphosphatide im Serum unter Verwen• Referenzwerte für die renale Fluorid- Sollwerten in Kontrollseren, II 1145 dung von Phospholipase C Ausscheidung 1039 Enzymatic determination of serum gly• Passing, H., Bablok, W. and Glocke, M. cerophosphates, using phospho• Mottaghy, K. and Hahn, A. An optimized design for the establish• lipase C 7 Interfacial tension of some biological ment of assigned values in control sera fluids: A comparative study The establishment of assigned values in Külpmann, W. R. and Oellerich, M. Grenzflächenspannung einiger biolo• control sera, IV Monitoring of therapeutic serum con• gischer Flüssigkeiten: Eine verglei• Ein optimierter Meßplan für die Ermitt• centrations of anti-epileptic drugs by a chende Untersuchung 267 lung von Sollwerten in Kontrollseren V Ermittlung von Sollwerten in Kontroll• Puschendorf, B., Grunicke, H., Jentsch, J. für die Extraktion und Fraktionierung seren, IV 1167 and Berger, H. von Steroidhormonen aus Serum und Urinary excretion of cyclic guanosine Urin 71 Passing, H., Müller, B. and Brett• 3'.5'-monophosphate in children with schneider, H. malignant tumours Schöneshöfer, M., Schefzig, B., Fenner, A.. The importance of a blind control in the Ausscheidung von zyklischem Guano- Weber, B. and Dulce, H. J. establishment of assigned values in con• sin-3'.5'-monophosphat im Urin von Evaluation of a sensitive radioimmuno• trol sera Kindern mit malignen Tumoren 979 assay of plasma corticotropin using com• The establishment of assigned values in mercial reagents control sera, I Ratge, D., Knoll, E., Diener, U. und Entwicklung eines empfindlichen Die Bedeutung einer Blindkontrolle bei Wisser, H. Radioimmunoassays zur Bestimmung der Ermittlung von Sollwerten in Kon• Untersuchungen zur circadianen Rhyth• von Corticotropin im Plasma unter Ver• trollseren mik der Ausscheidung freier Katechol- wendung kommerziell erhältlicher Rea• Ermittlung von Sollwerten in Kontroll• amine bei gestörter Nebennierenfunk• genzien 75 seren, I 1137 tion Orcadian rhythm of free catecholamine Schulz, W., Böttger, K., Meder, B. und excretion in disturbed adrenal function Grallath, E. Persijn, J. P. and Hart, A. A. M. 479 Systematische Fehler durch Phosphat- Prognostic significance of CEA in colo• und Sulfatgehalte in Human- und Kon• rectal cancer: A statistical study Rokos, H. und Steinmaus, H. trollseren bei der atomabsorptions- Clinical evaluation of carcino-embryo- Synthese und Untersuchung substituier• spektrometrischen Calcium-Bestim- nic antigen, V ten lodthyronine mit dem Ziel der Her• mung Prognostischer Wert der CEA Bestim• l25 stellung radiochemisch stabiler I- Systematic errors due to phosphate and mung beim Carcinom des Colon oder Tracer hoher spezifischer Aktivität sulphate in human and control serum in Rectum: Eine statistische Untersuchung Synthesis and investigation of substi• the determination of calcium by atomic Klinische Bewertung des carcino- tuted iodothyronines with the aim of absorption spectroscopy 1063 embryonalen Antigens, 5. Mitteilung ,25 obtaining radiochemically stable I- 1117 tracers of high specific activity 191 Seibert, G. und Biebach, Angelika Eine enzymatische Methode zur Bestim• Plavsic, F., Vrhovac, B., Radosevic, A. Sator, H., Neumeier, D. und Knedel, M. mung von Cefotaxim in Serum- und and Dvorzak, I. Optimierung der Probenverteilung in Harnproben Correlation between fluorimetric and einem zentralisierten klinisch• An enzymic method for the determina• microbiological methods for determina• chemischen Institut tion of cefotaxim in serum and urine tion of cephalexin in urine and serum Optimization of sample splitting in a 279 Korrelation zwischen fluorimetrischer contralized clinical chemical institute und mikrobiologischer Bestimmungs• 1107 Staab, H. J., Ahlemann, L. M., Anderer, methode für Cephalexin in Serum und F. A., Hiesche, K. and Rodatz, W. Harn 35 Schindler, J. G. und v. Gülich, M. Comparison of serum j32-microglobulin Strömungsoptimiertes Multimeßsystem and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in Pledger, D. R., Belfield, A. and Ström• zur Hämoanalytik mit ionenselektiven the follow-up of breast cancer patients berg, P. Disk- und coated glass-Elektroden Vergleich von Serum ß2-Mikroglobulin Flow-optimized multianalytical system und CEA in der klinischen Über• Pregnancy specific ßx glycoprotein: A comparison of analysis by radio• for haemoanalysis with ion-selective disc wachung von Patienten mit Brustkrebs immunoassay and enzyme linked im• and coated glass electrodes 49 339 munosorbent assay Observations on patients with malignant Schläpfer, P. und Hänni, F. Stalla, G. K., Giesemann, G., Müller, teratoma of testis Ein einfaches Modell zur Haltbarkeits• O. A., Wood, W. G. and Scriba, P. C. Schwangerschaftsspezifisches ßi -Glyko- berechnung The development of a direct homo• protein: Vergleich der Analyse mit A simple model for the calculation of logous radioimmunoassay for serum Radioimmunassay und Enzyme Linked stability 351 Cortisol Immuno Sorbent Assay. Beobachtun• Die Entwicklung eines direkten homo• gen an Patienten mit malignen Hoden- Schleicher, E. and Wieland, O. H. logen Radioimmunoassays für Serum- teratomen 943 Specific quantitation by HPLC of pro• Cortisol 427 tein (lysine) bound glucose in human serum albumin and other glycosylated Stein, W, Bohner, J., Krais, J., Müller, M., Porstmann, Bärbel, Porstmann, T. und proteins Steinhart, R. and Eggstein, M. Nugel, Elsa Spezifische Bestimmung von Protein Macro creatine kinase BB: Evidence for Comparison of chromogens for the (Lysin)-gebundener Glucose in Serum- specific binding between creatine kinase determination of horseradish peroxi• albumin des Menschen und anderen gly- BB and immunoglobulin G dase as a marker in enzyme immuno• cosylierten Proteinen durch Hochdruck• Nachweis einer spezifischen Bindung assay flüssigchromatographie 81 zwischen Kreatinkinase-BB und Im• Vergleich von zur Aktivitätsbestim• munglobulin G 925 mung von Meerrettich-Peroxidase als Schlimme, E., Boos, K. S. und Weise, M. Marker im Enzymimmunoassay ver• Selektive Charakterisierung von Nl- Talafant, E. and Tovärek, J. wendeter Chromogene 435 Methyladenosin neben N7-Methylgua- Enzymatic determination of lipoprotein- nosin im Harn X, a specific serum cholestasis marker Posma, F. D., Groenewold, H., Kluft, O. Selective characterisation of Nl-methyl- Enzymatische Bestimmung des für Cho- and Tuynman, F. H. B. adenosine and N7-methylguanosine in lestase charakteristischen Lipoprotein- Reference values and analytical perfor• urine 55 X im Serum 155 mance of the hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio in early morning urine samples Schöneshöfer, M. and Fenner, A. Tamm, J. and Volkwein, U. Referenzwerte und analytische Ermitt• A convenient and efficient method for Unconjugated 5a-androstan-3a, 17/3- lung des Hydroxyprolin/Kreatinin- the extraction and fractionation of diol and 5a-androstane-3ß, 17ß-diol in Quotienten in Proben von Morgenurin steroid hormones from serum or urine human plasma as measured by radio• 209 Eine praktische und effektive Methode immunoassay without chromatography VI Unkonjugiertes 5a-Androstan-3a, 17/3- Standardization of hepatitis B immuno• Vergleich von elf käuflichen Testbe• diol und 5a-Androstan-3ß, 17ß-diol im globulins 13 stecks zur Bestimmung von Ferritin im Plasma des Menschen, mit Radioimmu• Serum 94 noassay ohne Chromatographie be Vonderschmitt, D. und Scholer, A. stimmt 291 Teststreifen für Screening-Unter- Wood, W. G., Wächter, Christine and suchungen zum semiquantitativen Scriba, P. C. Thomas, L., Winckelmann, M., Michaelis, Nachw/eis von Proteinurien Experiences using chloramine-T and H. C. und Walb, D. Evaluation of test Strips for the semi• 1,3,4,6-tetrychloro-3a, 6a-diphenylgly- Quantitative Proteinbestimmung im quantitative screening for proteinurias coluril (Iodogen®) for radioiodination of Harn mit dem Proteinbindungsfarbstoff 997 materials for radioimmunoassay Coomassie Brilliant Blau G250 Erfahrungen mit Chloramin-T und Iodo• Quantitative determination of total van Wilgenburg, M. G. M., Werkman, E. gen® für die Iodierung von Peptiden für urinary protein utilizing the principle of M. A., van Gorkom, W. H. and Soons, J. Radioimmunoassays 1051 Coomassie Brilliant Blue G250 binding B.J. to protein 203 Criticism of the use of Coomassie Bril• Zwart, A., Buursma, Anneke, van Kam• liant Blue G250 for the quantitative de• pen, E. J., Oeseburg, B., van der Ploeg, P. Uete, T., Motokura, H., Kitano, Y., Fuku- termination of proteins H. W. and Zijlstra, W. G. tani, C, Uenishi, N. and Ando, N. Kritik an der Verwendung von Coomas• A multi-wavelength spectrophotometric Comparison of substrates for measuring sie Brilliant Blau G250 zur quantita• method for the simultaneous determina• cystyl-amino peptidase activity in serum tiven Bestimmung von Proteinen 301 tion of five haemoglobin derivatives of pregnancy and hepatic disease and in Eine Viel-Wellenlängen Methode für various tissues Witzgall, H. and Hassan-Ali, S. die simultane spektrophotometrische Vergleich von Substraten für die Be• A simultaneuous radioimmunoassay for Bestimmung von fünf Hämoglobinderi• stimmung von Cystyl-Aminopeptidase aldosterone and its precursors: Human vaten 457 im Serum bei Schwangerschaft, Leber• plasma levels following the inhibition of erkrankungen und in verschiedenen Ge• converting enzyme, before and after Zweens, J. and Frankena, Henny weben 145 blockade of prostaglandin biosynthesis An improved method for the determin• Simultaner Radioimmunassay für Aldo• ation of the plasma volume with Evans Ukida, M., Schäfer, K. and Bode, J. Ch. steron und seine Vorstufen: Konzentra• Blue Effect of storage at — 20 °C on the con• tionen im Plasma des Menschen nach Eine verbesserte Methode für die Be• centration of amino acids in plasma Hemmung des Converting Enzyme vor stimmung des Plasmavolumens mit Einfluß der Lagerung bei — 20 °C auf die und nach Blockade der Prostaglandin- Evans Blue 919 Aminosäurekonzentration im Plasma biosynthese 387 1193 Wood, W. G. Uthemann, H. A comparison of eleven commercial kits Zur Standardisierung von Hepatitis B- for the determination of serum ferritin Immunglobulinen levels Short communications/Kurzmitteilungen Brügmann, G. Entscheidungskriterien für die Harn• schen Wertigkeit klinisch-chemischer Gaschromatographische Bestimmung säure-Konzentration zur Früherken• Tests 1211 von Phenytoin, Phenobarbital und Pri• nung der Gestose 173 midon: Methylierung im Einspritzblock Schneider, J. nach direktem Zusatz von Trimethyl- Hinsch, W., Antonijevic, A. and Clinical importance of Clofibrate in• phenyl-ammoniumhydroxid zum Ethyl- Sundaram, P. V. duced increase of creatine kinase cata• acetat-Extract Automated determination of cholesterol lytic activity concentration in serum Gas chromatographic determination of by use of immobilized aldehyde dehy• Klinische Bedeutung des durch Clofi• Phenytoin, phenobarbital and primi• drogenase brat verursachten Anstiegs der Kreatin- done: Flash-methylation after direct Eine Methode zur automatischen Cho- kinase im Serum 539 addition of trimethyl-phenyl-am- lesterinbestimmung unter Einsatz moniumhydroxide to the ethyl acetate immobilisierter Aldehyddehydrogenase Wawschinek, O. und Beyer, W. extract 305 307 Eine photometrische Bestimmung der Kupferausscheidung im Harn Gressner, A. M. and Wallraff, P. Hoek, W., Kamphuis, M. and Gast, R. A photometric determination of copper Immunoturbidimetric measurement of Haemiglobin cyanide: Molar lineic ab- in urine 541 cold insoluble globulin with reference to sorbance and stability constant a laser nephelometric assay Hämiglobincyanid: Molare lineare Ab- Würzburg, U. and Ströbel, R. Immunturbidimetrische Messung des sorbanz und Stabilitätskonstante 1209 Immunoinhibition test for creatine Kälte-unlöslichen Globulins in bezug kinase-B subunit: A comparison of auf ein Laser-nephelometrisches Be• Keller, H. and Gessner, U. monoclonal mouse and polyclonal goat stimmungsverfahren 1213 The likelihood quotient line, a tool for antibodies the assessment of diagnostic validity of Immunologischer Hemmtest für Krea- Haeckel, R., Riedel, H. and Büttner, J. clinical chemical tests tinkinase-B Untereinheiten: Ein Ver• Estimation of decision critera for the Die Likelihood Quotient Line, ein Ver• gleich monoclonaler Antikörper (aus uric acid concentration for the early dia• fahren für die Ermittlung der diagnosti• der Maus) mit polyclonalen Antikörpern gnosis of gestosis (aus der Ziege) 543 VII History of Clinical Chemistry/Geschichte der Klinischen Chemie Büttner, J. Mani, N. Franz Freiherr von Gorup-Besanez Evolution of clinical enzymology The historical background of Clinical (1817-1878) Die Entwicklung der klinischen Enzy- Chemistry Medicine and chemistry around the mologie 529 Die geschichtlichen Grundlagen der middle of the 19th century in Erlangen. Klinischen Chemie 311 Eugen Franz Freiherr von Gorup-Besa• Caraway, W. T. nez (1817-1878) 497 Major developments in clinical chemical Simmer, H. H. instrumentation Medizin und Chemie um die Mitte des Wichtige Entwicklungen in der Instru• 19. Jahrhundert in Erlangen: Eugen mentierung der Klinischen Chemie 491 Guest Editorial Editorial Editor's introduction Büttner, J. Einführung der Herausgeber 109 Why the history of our discipline should be discussed in this Journal Bergmeyer, H. U. Weshalb auch die Fachgeschichte in Thoughts on standardization in the dieser Zeitschrift zu Wort kommen eighties sollte 309 Gedanken zur Standardisierung in den achtziger Jahren 109 To our authors and readers (in Dutch, English and German) Unseren Autoren und Lesern (in Niederländisch, Englisch und Deutsch) 513 Report/Bericht Technical note/Technische Notiz Karlson, P. Seiffert, U. B. and Janson, D. The nomenclature of tetrapyrroles Zur optischen Qualität von Photometer- Die Nomenklatur der Tetrapyrrole 43 küvetten aus Plastik On the optical quality of plastic photo• meter cuvettes 41 BCR Brown, S. S., Healy, M. J. R. and Brown, S. S., Healy, M. J. R. and Kearns, M. Kearns, M. Report on the inter-laboratory trial of Report on the inter-laboratory trial of the reference method for the determina• the reference method for the determin• tion of total calcium in serum. Part II ation of total calcium in serum. Part I Bericht über den Ringversuch der Refe• Bericht über den Ringversuch der Refe• renzmethode zur Bestimmung des Ge- renzmethode zur Bestimmung des Qe- samtcalciums im Serum. Teil II 413 samtcalciums im Serum. Teil I 395 Abstracts/Autorenreferate Workshop conference report/Kleinkonferenz-Bericht First Joint Meeting of the British, German Kleine, T. O. and Dutch Societies for Clinical Chem• New developments for the determina• istry tion of neurotransmitters and their First Joint Meeting of the British, Ger• metabolites in urine, blood plasma, man and Dutch Societies for Clinical cerebrospinal fluid and nervous tissue Chemistry 213 Report of the workshop conference of the German Society for Clinical Chem• XI International Congress of Clinical istry held on October 17-18, 1980 in Chemistry — IV European Congress of Marburg/Lahn Clinical Chemistry Neue Entwicklungen bei der Bestim• Vienna mung von Neurotransmittern und ihrer I. Plenary Lectures 545 Metaboliten in Urin, Blutplasma, Liquor II. Symposia 1-23 548 cerebrospinalis und Nervengewebe III. Company Symposia 1-6 587 Bericht über die Kleinkonferenz der IV. Short Communications: Oral and Deutschen Gesellschaft für Klinische Poster Presentations 593 Chemie am 17. und 18. Oktober 1980 V. Author's Index 888 in Marburg/Lahn 1085 VIII Honours/Ehrungen Award of the Gorter-de Graaff prize to Award of the Gabor Szäsz Prize for Clin• Esso J. van Kampen and W. G. Zijlstra ical Enzymology to Theodor Bücher Verleihung des Gorter-de Graaff- Verleihung des Gabor Szäsz-Preises für Preises an Esso J. van Kampen und Klinische Enzymologie an Theodor W. G. Zijlstra 515 Bücher 985 van Kampen, E. J. and Zijlstra, W. G. Award of the Scherer Medal to Poul Haemoglobinometry: From estimation Astrup to reference method Verleihung der Scherer-Medaille an Hämoglobinometrie: Von der Bestim- Poul Astrup 901 mungs- zur Referenzmethode 517 Dybkaer, R. Zijlstra, W. G. and van Kampen, E. J. The scientific work of Professor Poul Spectrophotometry of haemoglobin: Astrup The standard haemiglobin cyanide Das wissenschaftliche Werk von Profes• method and after sor Poul Astrup 903 Spektrophotometrie von Hämoglobin: Die Hämiglobincyanid-Standard- methode und danach 521 Obituary/Nachruf Acknowledgement/Danksagung Joachim Brugsch zum Gedenken Acknowledgement In memoriam Joachim Brugsch 177 Danksagung 1216 Errata In the paper by Bauer, K., this J. 19, 971-976 (1981) the com• position of the reagent in the section "Materials and Methods" should read from line 3: "... and reagent (0.8 mol/1 potassium phosphate buffer pH 7.2; 2 mol/1 methanol, 1.9 mmol/1 4-amino- phenazone and 8 g/1 hydroxypolyethoxydodecane) were taken from a cholesterol test kit . . .". The concentration of hydroxy• polyethoxydodecane was erroneously given as 80 g/1. The sense of the abstract by Mallet, E. et al. (1981) 26 pregnant diabetic mothers on insulin therapy, 8 of this J. 79 760-761 was distorted by an erroneous whom had been submitted to amniocentesis, and their correction. The abstract should read: newborns were studied. Foetal hyperinsulinism (C- peptide/glucose ratio: M ± o = 1.25 ± 1.15 nmol/1 Mallet, E., J.~P. Basuyau, Ph. Brunelle and C.-H. de in diabetic women, normal range: 0.445 ±0.18, p < 0.005) and neonates hyperinsulinism (C-peptide/ Menibus glucose ratio: M ± o = 0.52 ± 0.10 in infants of dia• Immunoreactive C-Peptide from Proinsulin in Am• betic mothers, normal range: 0.12 ± 0.01, p < 0.001) niotic Fluid of Diabetic Pregnant Women as a Pre• were verified. Infants of diabetic mothers hyperinsu• dictive Risk Factor of Hypoglycaemia in Infants of linism on day 1, as expressed by C-peptide/glucose Diabetic Mothers ratio, was correlated with the macrosomia index (r = 0.62, p<0.05) and with amniotic fluid C-peptide Groupe de Biochimie Appliquee ä I'Endocrinologie (r = 0.88, p < 0.001); however there was no signifi• U.E.R. Medecine = Pharmacie, Rouen France cant correlation with maternal glycohaemoglobin A| in the prenatal period. Hypoglycaemia continues to be the major metabolic risk for the infants of diabetic mothers. The aim of In conclusion, the macrosomia index and amniotic this study is to look for correlations between hyper- fluid C-peptide appeared to be predictive factors for insulinism of infants of diabetic mothers, as evaluated infants of diabetic mothers hypoglycaemia, making by C-peptide/glucose ratio and the following factors: possible an early calculation of the appropriate rate maternal glycosylated haemoglobin A, in the prenatal of glucose infusion at delivery. period, amniotic fluid C-peptide (when amniocentesis E. Mallet was performed at 36 weeks gestation to evaluate foe• Centre Henri Becquerel tal maturity) and finally the macrosomia index. C- Laboratoire de Biochimie peptide was measured by radioimmunoassay using F-76038 Rouen Cedex MallinckrodtRkit. IX In the abstract by Desch, G. et al. (1981) this J. 79, 651 the last basis of in vitro binding studies. It is unknown whether two sentences should read: "During dialysis without glucose in a or not the concentrations of transcortin calculated on patient with low plasma acetate (2.1 mmol/1) no incorporation of deuterated acetate into plasma total cholesterol could be meas• the basis of these binding studies provide the true ured, either during dialysis or 10 hours after, using mass frag• concentrations of transcortin. In the present study we ments Mr + 18 (Mr = molecular weight of derivatized cholesterol). compare in 22 patients on chronic prednisolone treat• In this case the whole deuterated cholesterol accounted for about ment the concentrations of transcortin obtained 10% of plasma total cholesterol at the end of dialysis and up to 10 hours after." a) indirectly by equilibrium dialysis (ED) (1) and b) directly by electroimmunodiffusion (EID) using a In the abstract by Frey, B. M. et al. (1981) this J. 79, specific antibody for transcortin (gift from Dr. Van 671 Baelen, Leuven). "Underestimation of Transcortin Concentration by Prednisolone was measured by high performance li• Protein Binding Measurements" as a consequence of quid chromatography (2). misunderstanding between the two institutions ana• lyzing the transcortin concentrations by two different The mean concentrations of transcortin were, when methods, the units used for the one method were in• assessed by EID and by ED, 0.635 ± 0.175 [xmol/1 correctly converted into the units used for the other and 0.670 ± 0.259 [xmol/1, respectively. Between the method. This was the origin of an erroneous con• measurements of EID and ED a linear relationship clusion. The abstract should read as follows: was found: [imol/1 (ED) = 0.859 |imol/l (EID) + 0.125 limol/1 (P<0.01). Frey, Brigitte M., N. Holford and F. J. Frey Conclusion: Studies using ED to assess the concen• Esatimation of Transcortin Concentration by Protein tration of transcortin provide true concentrations of Binding Measurements and Electroimmunodiffusion transcortin. Medizinische Poliklinik der Universität Bern and Clin• References ical Pharmacology, University of California, San Fran• cisco, CA 1. Frey, F. J., Frey, B. M., Greither, A. & Benet, L. Z. (1980) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 275, 287-291. Since the binding of prednisolone to plasma proteins 2. Frey, F. J., Frey, B. M. & Benet, L. Z. (1979) Clin. Chem. occurs at transcortin and albumin, prednisolone ex• 25, 1944-1947. hibits nonlinear kinetics in the therapeutic dose range. Therefore the concentrations of albumin and trans• Brigitte M. Frey, Dr. phil. nat. cortin are mandatory for the interpretation of predni• Medizinische Poliklinik der Universität Bern solone kinetics in clinical studies. The concentrations Freiburgstraße 3 of transcortin are usually obtained indirectly on the CH-3010 Bern Book reviews/Buchbesprechungen Aebi, Hugo E. and Berger, E. E. Heister, R. Miescher, P. A. Current Problems in Clinical Biochem• Lexikon medizinisch-wissenschaftlicher The Menarini Series on Immunopatho- istry, Vol. 10, Nutrition and Enzyme Abkürzungen (LMWA) 512 logy, Vol. 2: Second Symposium on Im- Regulation 511 munopathology of the Central and Peri• pheral Nervous System 510 Klopper, A. and Chard, R Annual Reviews Inc. Placental Proteins 511 • celebrates 50 years of publishing in Norman, A. W. 1981 1095 Koryta, J. Vitamin D: Molecular Biology and Medical and Biological Applications on Clinical Nutrition (Basic and Clinical Brandenburg, D. and Wollmer, A. Electrochemical Devices 1095 Nutrition Series, Vol. 2) 983 Insulin-Chemistry, Structure and Func• tion of Insulin and Related Hormones 511 Paul, J. Latner, A. L. and Schwartz, M. K. Zell-und Gewebekulturen 511 Advances in Clinical Chemistry, Vol. 21 Buddecke, E. 982 Grundriß der Biochemie 1152 Ryan, Will G. Endocrine Disorders - A Pathophysio• Dubach, U. and Schmidt, U. Marchalonis, J. J., Hanna, M. G. and logical Approach 983 Diagnostic Significance of Enzymes and Fidler, I. J. Proteins in Urine 510 Cancer Biology Reviews 984 Schnitzler, St. Dyer, A. Marks, F. Pharmakologische Aspekte von Immun• Liquid Scintillation Counting Practice Molekulare Biologie der Hormone 984 reaktionen 510 510 Mayersbach, H. v. and Schiemer, H. G. Schroeder, W. A. and Huisman, T. H. J. Glick, J. Leslie Chronobiological Aspects in Histo• The Chromatography of Hemoglobin - Fundamentals of Human Lymphoid chemistry. Interferenzmikroskopie in Clinical and Biochemical Analysis Cell Culture 984 der Histochemie 982 Series, Vol. 9 X Smith, A. L. Sonnenwirth, A. C. and Jarett, L. Vinazzer, H. Microbiology and Pathology 983 Gradwohl's Clinical Laboratory Meth• Gerinnungsphysiologie und Methoden ods and Diagnosis 1096 im Blutgerinnungslabor 982 Sokolowski, G. and Wood, W. G. Radioimmunoassay in Theorie und Stryer, L. Weber, G. Praxis. Ein Laborbuch f. Anfänger und Biochemistry, 2nd edition 1152 Advances in Enzyme Regulation, Fortgeschrittene 983 Vol. 17: Proceedings of the 17th Sym• posium on Regulation of Enzyme Activ• ity and Synthesis in Normal and Neo• plastic Tissues 1096 Book indications/Buchhinweise Arber, W., Falkow, S., Henle, W. u. a. Ebashi, S., Maruyama, K. and Endo, M. Partsch, G. and Batsford, St. Current Topics in Microbiology and Muscle Contraction; Its Regulatory Histidine II; Laboratory and Clinical Immunology 108 Mechanisms 248 Aspects — Therapeutic Use of Histidine and Zinc-Second Int. Workshop, Baumeister, W. Gross, F., Grumbach, M. M., Labhart, A., Vienna 1979 48 Proceedings in Life Sciences Electron Lipsett, M. B. u. a. Microscopy at Molecular Dimensions Monographs on Endocrinology; Vol. 17, Rentchnick, P. und Senn, H. J. 248 The Cytochemical Bioassay of Polypep• Recent Results in Cancer Research; tide Hormones 48 Fortschritte der Krebsforschung, Beermann, W., Gehring, W. J., Gurdon, Vol. 73, Thyroid Cancer 247 J. B., Kafatos, F. C. and Reinert, J. Horecker, B., Kaplan, N. A., Marmur, J. Results and Problems in Cell Differenti• and Scheraga, H. A. Roy, A. K. and Clark, J. H. ation; A Series of Topical Volumes in Molecular Biology; An International Gene Regulation by Steroid Hormones Developmental Biology 248 Series of Monographs and Textbooks 108 108 Breuer, J. und Kowalewski, S. Schmähl, D. Aminosäuren; Klinische Chemie in Jacobs, A. and Worwood, M. Maligne Tumoren; Entstehung, Wachs• Einzeldarstellungen, Bd. 4 247 Iron in Biochemistry and Medicine II tum, Chemotherapie 248 247 Campbell, P. N. and Marshall, R. D. Szekeres, L. Essays in Biochemistry 247 Kaltwasser, J. P. und Werner, E. Handbook of Experimental Pharmaco• Serumferritin; Methodische und Klini• logy, Vol. 54, Part I: Adrenergic Acti• Cooper, T. G. sche Aspekte 48 vators and Inhibitors 247 Biochemische Arbeitsmethoden; über• setzt u. neu bearb. v. Neumeier, R. u. Kleinzeller, A. and Springer, G. F. Teschke, R. Maurer, H. R. 48 Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Leberschäden durch Alkohol; Bio• Biophysics; Chemical Recognition in chemische und klinische Studien zur Cottier, H. Biology 248 Pathogenese und Früherkennung 48 Pathogenese; Ein Handbuch für die ärztliche Fortbildung 48 Meinhold, H. Williamson, R. Schilddrüsenhormonmetaboliten; Genetic Engineering 248 Cronkite, E. P. and Carsten, A. L. Radioimmunchemische Analytik; Diffusion Chamber Culture; Hemo• Untersuchungen zum peripheren poiesis, Cloning of Tumors, Cytogenetic Thyroxinstoffwechsel 48 and Carcinogenic Assays 108 General Index/Gesamtregister Authors' Index/Autorenregister Aaseth, J. 593 Abdul-Fadl, M. A. M. 576 Adewoye, H. O. 597 Afonja, O. A. 598 Abaza, M. s. Zaki, A. 884 Achermann, H. R. s. Fischer, Adham, N. F. s. Rinderknecht, Afting, E. G. s. Roethig, H.-J. Abdel Aziz, F. T. s. Al-Khayat, M. 667 H. 816 819 T. M. N. 21 Achermann, H. R. s. Peter• Adler, K. s. Dick, W. 357 Aganovic, 1. s. Stavljenic, A. Abdel Aziz, M. T. 593 mann, H. 800 Adlercreutz, H. 597 848 Abdel Khalek, A. 593 Adamcic, M. s. Breznik, R. Adlercreutz, H. s. Härkönen, Agarwal, D. P. s. Goedde, H. Abdulla, J. Sh. 594 626 M. 689 W. 179 Abe, H. s. Okabe, H. 789 Adamopoulos, G. D. 595 Adlercreutz, H. s. Saranko Agbedana, E. O. s. Taylor, G. Abel-Telkes, B. s. Endler, A.T. Adams, A. s. Beiton, N. R. (Lindholm) A.-M. 824 O. 858 660 M I Adolphs, H.-D. s. Oehr, P. Agneray, J. s. Bordas, M. 621 Abrahamsson, L. 594 Adamson. G. s. Krauss, R. M. 592 Ahlemann, L. M. s. Staab, H. J. Abreu, R. A. De 595 738 Aebi, H. 567 339 Abreu, R. A. De s. Oerlemans, Adan, A. 596 Afamefuna, G. s. Essien, E. E. Ahonen, E. s. Laitinen, M. F. T. J. J. 787 Adeniyi, F. A. 596 661 746 XI Aiginger, P. s. Kuzmits, R. 744 Arnold, P. s. Zeck, K. 885 Bara, F. Z. s. Tomaszewski, J. Bermes, Jr., E. W. s. Covault, Akai, T. s. Okuda, K. 790 Arnstadt, K.-I. 602 J. 859 H. P. 640 Akerblom, H. K. s. Hekali, R. Aroesty, S. s. Ziering, S. 886 Barabäs, K. 608 Bermes, Jr., E. W. s. Parvez, Z. 695 Arosio, P. s. Albertini, A. 598 Baranyai, Zs. s. Klujber, L. 795, 796 Akerkar, A. s. Craine, J. 641 Arsova, V. s. Hrisoho, R. 703, 733 Bernard, A. 613 Akinyanju Popo, N. 576 704 Barna, K. s. Barnovä, E. 609 Bernat, J. 613 Albers, J. J. 557 Artiss, J. D. s. McGowan, M. Barnes, D. M. 609 Bernhardt, W. s. Roethig, H.-J. Albers, J. J. s. Warnick, G. R. W. 769 Barnovä, E. 609 819 869 Ashihara, Y. s. Kasahara, Y. Barrette, M. s. Zygowicz, E. R. Bernheimer, H. s. Molzer, B. Albert, A. s. Chapelle, J. P. 726 887 775 634 Ashraf, M. s. Wolf, P. L. 878 Barth, C. s. Henze, K. 1013 Bertholf, R. s. Bruns, D. 628 Alberti, K. G. M. M. s. Vad- Assel, H. 603 Bartholome, K. 578 Berry, S. D. 613 gama, P. 863 Assmann, G. 1, 273, 558 Bartkowiak, A. s. Barabäs, K. Besozzi, M. 614 Albertini, A. 598 Astley, J. P. s. Laing, I. 229 608 Besozzi, M. s. Franzini, C. 669 Alderweireldt, F. s. Marescau, Athi, V. S. N. s. Murty, N. K. Baskerville, A. s. Hambleton, Bethge, N. s. Diel, F. 99, 652 B. 61 779 P. 690, 691 Better, O. s. Bogin, E. 619 Aleo, M. F. 598 Atkin, G. E. 213 Basu, P. K. s. Kapur, B. M. Beushausen, Th. W. s. Heinz, Alexander, J. s. Aaseth, J. 593 Atkins, G. L. 442 724 F. 977 Al-Khayat, T. M. N. 21 Attwood, E. C. 214, 603 Basuyau, J.-P. s. Mallet, E. Bevere, V. O. de 614 Allen, R. C. 582 Attwood, E. C. s. Atkin, G. E. 760 Bevere, V. O. de s. Lambert, Altshuler, C. H. 585 213 Batt, A.M. s. Boutin, J.A. 624 W. E. 746 Amakawa, T. s. Ichino, M. 707 Audran, M. s. Desch, G. 651 Baty, J. D. 609, 610 Beyer, W. s. Wawschinek, O. Ambrosch, F. 598 Augustin, H. J. 549 Bauer, H.-W. 587 541 Ambrose, R. T. s. Lauft, J. J. Aulenbacher, P. s. Friedrich, E. Bauer, K. 610, 971 Biancifiori, M. A. 615 748 672 Bauer, K. s. Francesconi, M. Bichler, A. 615 Ambrose, R. T. s. Wu, T. W. Avaria, M. s. Kapur, B. M. 724 17 Biebach, A. s. Seibert, G. 279 881 Averdunk, R. 89, 604 Bauer, M. s. Henze, K. 1013 Biervliet, J.-P. Van 615 Amery, A. s. Lijnen. P. 753 Aviram, M. 605 Bauer, S. 610 Biesalski, H. K. s. Ehrenthal, Amine, E. K. s. Fahmy, M. F. I. Awolola, J. s. Adewoye, H. O. Bauersfeld, W. 214 W. 657 662 597 Baumstark, M. s. Berg, A. 612 Bijster, P. s. Vader, H. L. 241 Amrein, Y. s. Ott, P. 793 Axelson, M. s. Adlercreutz, H. Baur, H. s. Heller, W. 696 Binswanger, U. s. Hess, B. 295 Anaokar, S. 599 597 Bayer, P. M. 610 Biondi, P. A. 616 Anastasiou-Nana, M. 599 Aymard, P. s. Feldmann, D. Bayer, P. M. s. Burger, H. Biou, D. s. Bordas, M. 621 Anastasiou-Nana, M. s. Ada- 665 629 Birath, K. 616 mopoulos, G. D. 595 Aymard, P. s. Trabelsi, L. 860 Bayer, P. M. s. Köhn, H. 735 Birek, Z. s. Lipovac, K. 754 Anastasiou-Nana, M. s. Levis, Bayer, P. M. s. Wider, G. 873 Bisker, A. 617 G. M. 752 Baak, J. M. s. Weijers, R. M. Bayne, P. 614 Bissell, E. R. s. Smith, R. E. Anderer, F. A. s. Staab, H. J. N. 242 Bayse, D. D. 553 238 339 Baal, J. M. van s. Abreu, R. A. Beck, P. 611 Blaabjerg, O. 617 Andersen, H. M. s. Stonard, De 595 Behne, D. 115 Blackmore, D. J. 617 M. D. 852 Baba, S. 605 Bekdganyan, A. G. s. Komov, Blackwell, S. 617 Anderson, D. s. Briggs, C. J. Baba, S. s. Taniuchi, K. 857 V. P. 736 Blad, E. s. Lizana, J. A. 755 627 Bablok, W. s. Hesse, R. 223 Belfield, A. s. Pledger, D. R. Blanckaert, N. s. Farina, F. A. Anderson, J. C. 599, 600 Bablok, W. s. Witt, I. 877 803, 943 663 Anderson, M. L. s. Kapur, B. Bachmann, C. 579 Belisle, T. s. Flores, O. B. 668 Blätzinger, J. G. 265 M. 724 Backer, G. De 605 Bellagamba, M. s. Eisenwiener, Bleyl, H. 618 Anderson, N. G. 591 Backhans, B. s. Birath, K. 616 H. G. 1001 Blijenberg, B. G. 215 Andersson, B. s. Stenman, U.- Badzio, T. 606 Bellmann, O. s. Oehr, P. 787 Blin, G. s. Henny, J. 572 H. 851 Baehr, K.-G. s. Klose, S. 226, Bellobuono, A. s. Annoni, G. Blomhoff, J. P. s. Aaseth, J. Ando, N. s. Uete, T. 145 733 600 593 Andre, C. s. Vauquelin, G. Baehrecke, M. s. Jaroß, W. Beiton, N. R. 611 Blomquist, C. H. 139 863 715 BenGershöm, E. 546 Blonde, F. s. Cynober, L. 643 Andre, J. s. Sternberg, M. 851 Bagga, O. P. 606, 607, 608 Benoit, M. O. s. Jaffray, P. 711 Bloor, M. s. Wolf, P. L. 878 Angelis, G. De s. Campanella, Bagga, S. s. Bagga, O. P. 607, Benraad, Th. s. Koenders, A. Bocek, P. s. Dolnik, V. 654 L. 629 608 227 Bock, K. D. s. Paar, D. 794 Angelis, M. De s. Orlacchio, A. Bailey, J. E. s. Harrop, J. S. Benyuska, S. 611 Boda, Z. s. Beck, P. 611 792 692 Benzer, H. 548 Bodrogi, L. 618 Aning, V. s. Karmen, A. 725 Bailey, N. E. s. Hambleton, P. Berceanu, S. s. Funduc, I. 673 Bodrogi, L. s. Feher, T. 665 Annoni, G. 600, 601 690 Berg, A. 612 Boelaert, J. s. Lijnen, P. 753 Ansorge, U. 213 Bailly, M. s. Beyne, P. 614 Berg, B. J. T. van den s. Jong, Bölke, L. 195 Antoni, F. s. Szabö, M. T. 855 Bajolle, F. s. Maquart, F. X. A. P. J. M. de 224 Bonner, G. 165 Antonijevic, A. s. Hinsch, W. 761 Berg, D. s. Arnstadt, K.-I. 602 Boerma, G. J. M. 215 307 Bakken, A. M. s. Farstad, M. Berger, H. 568 Börmer, O. 618 Antony, P. 601, 602 664 Berger, H. s. Dworzak, E. 657 Böttger, K. s. Schulz, W. 1063 Aoyati, S. s. Ichino, M. 707 Bakker, A. J. 347, 608 Berger, H. s. Puschendorf, B. Bogin, E. 619 Appel, W. s. Thomas, L. 859 Bakker, J. P. 214 807, 979 Bogin, E. s. Israeli, B. 709 Araake, A. s. Sasaki, T. 825 Bakkeren, J. A. J. M. s. Abreu, Berger, P. s. Farina, F. A. 663 Bonner, J. 619, 1021 Arakawa, H. s. Naruse, H. R. A. De 595 Bergmeyer, H. U. 109, 554 Bonner, J. s. Stein, W. 239, 781 Bako, W. s. Badzio, T. 606 Berk, L. S. 612 849, 925 Aranda, M. 602 Baläs Eltes, A. s. Kleiber, M. A. Berk, L. S. s. Hebert, S. 695 Boink, A. B. T. J. s. Maas, A. Arena, D. s. Orlacchio, A. 731 Berkes, I. s. Majkic-Singh, N. H. J. 758 792,793 Balcke, P. s. Endler, T. 660 759 Bojanovski, D. 620 Arisue, K. s. Furukawa, I. 673 Bankoski, V. W. s. Johnson, P. Bermes, E. W. s. Fareed, J. Bojanovski, M. 620 Armas, L. s. Pentön, E. 799 E. 718 663 Böka, G. s. Miltenyi, M. 772 Arnold, D. F. 580 Bannister, S. J. s. Snyder, L. R. Bermes, E. W. s. Ito, R. 709 Bokermann, M. s. Weinstock, 561 N. 871 XII Bomhard, E. s. Paar, D. 794 Brotherton, M. M. s. Giegel, Carter, P. R. 630 Clavey, V. s. Fruchart, J.-C. Bonati, M. 569 J. L. 678 Carter, T. J. N. s. Hill, P. G. 673 Boni, C. s. Giampietro, O. 678 Brouwer, W. K. s. Schade, J. H. 699 Clayton, B. E. 559 Bonk, R. J. s. Govinda Malys, 236 Carton, M. s. Valdiguie, P. Cleator, I. s. Fröhlich, J. 672 P. A. 682 Brown, S. B. 627 572 Cobban, A. s. Price, C. P. 806 Boogaerts, M. A. s. Bevere, V. Brown, S. S. 395, 413, 560 Carunchio, V. s. D'Ascenzo, G. Coen, R. W. s. Wolf, P. L. 878 O. 614 Brownstone, Y. S. 627 603 Cognini, G. s. Piantanelli, L. Boone, D. J. 620 Brubacher, G. B. 568 G. 603 801 Boos, K. S. s. Schlimme, E. 55 Bruchelt, G. s. Schmidt, K. Casini, A. 630 Cohen, J. s. Caroscio, J. T. 630 Bordas, M. 621 829 Castelfranchi, G. s. Hesse, R. Cohen, L. s. Chittenden, C. Bordonali, C s. Biancifiori, M. Bruder, W. s. Boss, N. 622 223 637 A. 615 Bruegger, B. B. s. Sherwin, J. Castellanos, J. M. 631 Cohn, D. s. Wiener, H. M. 875 Borel, J. P. 550 E. 836 Castellanos, J. M. s. Aranda, Cole, G. W. 585 Borel, J. P. s. Bisker, A. 617 Brügmann, G. 305 M. 602 Cole, T. 639 Borel, J. P. s. Maquart, F. X. Brunelle, Ph. s. Mallet, E. 760 Caster, H. s. Biervliet, J.-P. Coleman, P. L. s. Wehrly, J. A. 761 Bruns, D. 628 Van 615 871 Borgen, J. s. Ingebretsen, O. Bruyn, C. H. M. M. de s. Ab• Castillo-Soss, M. L. s. Gutier- Colittä, D. s. Funduc, I. 673 Chr. 708 reu, R. A. De 595 rez-Hidalgo, E. 687 Collins, W. P.s. Konen, F. 736 Borko, E. s. Breznik, R. 626 Bruyn, C. H. M. M. de s. Laar• Castineiras, M. J. s. Gella, F. J. Colonna, A. 640 Bornemann, H. s. Averdunk, hoven, J. P. R. M. van 744 675 Comoe, L. s. Lefevre, C. 750 R. 604 Bruyn, C. H. M. M. de s. Oer- Cate, J. W. ten s. Wijk, E. M. Conde, G. s. Garcia-Barreno, Borner, K. 621 lemans, F. T. J. J. 787 van 242 P. 675 Borner, K. s. Braun, S. 911 Brzezinski, A. M. 628 Cathelineau, G. s. Guechot, J. Constantinovits, G. s. Simon, Borth, W. 622 Buchholz, R. s. Loof, I. 756 685 G. 840 Borud, O. 622 Büchtmann, I. s. Kasche, V. Centofanti, J. 631 Coombes, E. J. s. Wood, P. J. Bos, E. s. Magnani, H. N. 759 726 Cepelak, I. 632 879 Boss, N. 622 Buege, J. A. 628 Cesarini, E. s. Biancifiori, M. Coombes, R. C. 216, 244 Both, R. s. Schmidt, E. 829 Büki, B. s. Bodrogi, L. 618 A. 615 Coombes, R. F. s. El Shami, Bottari, S. s. Vauquelin, G. Büttner, J. 309, 529, 563, 585 Chaki, R. s. Goldman, B. 584 A. S. 659 863 Büttner, J. s. Haeckel, R. 173 Chan, D. W. 632 Cooper, B. A. s. Harpey, J. P. Botti, R. 623 Bullock, D. G. s. Wilde, C. E. Chan, D. W. s. Perlstein, M. T. 692 Bouloukos, A. 623 875 800 Cooper, E. H. 590, 640 Bousquet, B. s. Garnier, J. P. Burdette, M. S. s. Kane, L. N. Chan, D. W. s. Roch, R. C. Corcia, A. Di 640 562 722 818 Corker, C. s. Lader, S. R. 745 Boutin, J. A. 624 Burger, H. 629 Chandrasekharan, N. 632, 633 Courpotin, C. s. Bordas, M. Bowers, W. s. Cronin, M. 642 Burnett, M. A. s. Gilbertson, Chang, T. 634 621 Bowyer, R. C. 624 T. J. 679 Chapelle, J. P. 634 Covault, H. P. 640 Boyd, J. s. Schwarz, S. 832 Burns, R. s. Blackwell, S. 617 Chasiotis, D. 635 Covington, A. K. s. Vadgama, Brandt, R. 624 Butte, G. s. Butte, W. 629 Chausiaux, Ph. s. Raichvarg, D. P. 863 Brasch, A. s. Simon, G. 840 Butte, W. 629 809 Cox, R. P. s. Ghosh, N. K. 678 Brass, D. A. 624 Buursma, A. s. Zwart, A. 457 Chegwidden, K. s. Cronin, M. Crabbe, M. J. C. 641 Bratush,C.s. Gupta, S.K. 686 Buzina, R. s. Stavljenic, A. 642 Craine, J. 641 Braun, J. P. s. Guelfi, J. F. 570 847 Chen, I.-W. 635, 636 Crane, M. G. s. Willard, R. E. Braun, S. 911 Buzzigoli, G. s. Giampietro, O. Chen, I. W. s. Stein, E. A. 876 Braun, S. L. 215 678 848 Craven, S. P. s. Scott, P. 833 Bravo, J. B. s. Jimenez, C. V. Chen,J.-S. 636 Crawhall, J. C. 641 717 Cabello, R. R. 577 Cherruau, B. s. Beyne, P. 614 Cremer, P. 642 Brechbühler, T. 625 Cachera, C. s. Fruchart, J.-C. Chifu, K. s. Taniuchi, K. 857 Cremer, P. s. Wieland, H. 874 Breisach, G. s. Roscher, A. 673 Ching-Shan, H. 636 Cronin, M. 642 819 Cadenbach, J. E. s. Gressner, Chio, L. F. s. Oon, C. J. 791 Cronin, P. s. Giegel, J. L. 678 Breiter, J. 625 A. M. 465 Chiou-Shya, C. s. Ching-Shan, Cruz, J. M. s. Fabiani, F. 662 Bremner, W. F. s. Steiner, P. Cailar, J. du s. Desch, G. 651 H. 636 Csorba, T. R. s. Ryder, K. 822 850 Caillens, H. s. Jaffray, P. 711 Chiriloiu, C. s. Vladescu, C. Culebras-Poza, J. M. s. Launay, Bretaudiere, J.-P. 626 Calliauw, J. s. Kamp, G. J. van 867 J. M. 748 Breuer, H. s. Köster, G. 987 225 Chiriloiu, C. s. Zamfirescu- Cullmann, W. 287, 643 Breuer, H. s. Wisser, H. 323 Caiman, K. C. s. McAllister, Gheorghiu, M. 885 Cullmann, W. s. Dick, W. 357, Breyer, S. s. Graninger, W. E. J. 767 Chittenden, C. 637, 638 652 587 Calvin, C. s. Price, C. P. 805 Chmiel, J. 638 Curchs, J. L. s. Gioia, I. A. 371 Breznik, R. 626 Calvo, M. A. s. Castellanos, J. Chmielewska, J. s. Härsfalvi, J. Curini, R. s. D'Ascenzo, G. Bridges, J. W. 581 M. 631 693 603 Briggs, C. J. 627 Campanella, L. 629 Chmielowska, A. s. Kohan, A. Cwiek, A. s. Pafynyczko, Z. Briscoe, R. s. Gushaw, J. B. Campbell, C. s. Blackmore, D. L. 735 798 686 J. 617 Ch'ng, S. L. s. Chandrasekha• Cynober, L. 643 Brochot, J. A. s. Siddiqui, L. W. Canal, J. s. Tallet, F. 857 ran, N. 633 Czajkowska, B. 643 838 Canzler, H. s. Bojanovski, D. Chou, P. P. 639 Czeizel, E. s. Feher, T. 665 Brock, D. J. H. 584 620 Christiansen, J. U. 639 Brodbeck, U. s. Ott, P. 793, Caraway, W. T. 491 Chung, B.s. Centofanti, J. 631 Därr, W. H. 644 794 Carlsson, J. s. Brandt, R. 624 Ciaci, D. s. Annoni, G. 600, Dalen, A. van s. Carmann, H. Broek-Essen, M. v. d. s. Wil• Carlstedt-Duke, J. s. Gustafs- 601 961 lems, J. L. 877 son, J.-Ä. 564 Cimino, F. s. Colonna, A. 640 Damjanovic, L. s. Masic, R. Brombacher, P. J. s. Marell, Carmann, H. 961 Cisär, M. s. Barnovä, E. 609 765 G. J. 67 Carmel, A. s. Fleminger, G. Ciaessen, M. P. V. s. Smit, E. Dancia, J. L. 644 Brombacher, P. J. s. Ralet, Ph. 667 M. 841 Dane, R. G. s. Janik, V. 712 G. F. A. H. 234 Carnes, R. E. s. Gang, H. 674 Claeys, A. E. s. Bevere, V. O. Daniels, I. s. Glaubitt, D. 679 Brook, J. G. s. Aviram, M. 605 Caroscio, J. T. 630 de 614 Dankö, S. s. Nagy, I. 780 XIII Danninger, J. 644 Diener, U. s. Ratge, D. 234, Duthhilleul, P. s. Fruchart, J.- Fabiani, F. 662 Danz, B. s. Borner, K. 621 479 C. 673 Fahmy, M. F. I. 662 Darroch, J. N. s. Durbridge, T. Dienstl, F. s. Puschendorf, B. Dvorzak, I. s. Plavsic, F. 35 Fairney, A. 662 C. 656 807 Dworzak, E. 657 Farber, E. R. s. Adan, A. 596 Darwish, O. A. s. Fahmy, M. Dieplinger, H. 653 Dworzak, E. s. Puschendorf, B. Fareed, J. 663 F. I. 662 Diklic, S. s. Jeremic, V. 716 807 Fareed, J. s. Ito, R. 709 D'Ascenzo, G. 603 Dima, I. s. Funduc, I. 673 Dybkaer, R. 903 Fareed, J. s. Parvez, Z. 795, D'Ascenzo, G. s. Biancifiori, Dionyssiou-Asteriou, A. s. 796 M. A. 615 Poggas, N. 803 Eadie, M. J. s. Kunze, H. E. Fareed, J. s. Walenga, J. 868 D'Ascenzo, G. s. Campanella, Dirschinger, J. s. Boss, N. 622 741 Farina, F. A. 663 L. 629 Dixon, P. A. F. 653 Eber, O. s. Braun, S. 911 Farinaro, E. s. Oriente, P. 791 Dati, F. 216 Dobryszycka, W. 654 Ebert, W. 657 Farre, C. s. Jimenez, C. V. 717 Daume, E. s. Sturm, G. 853 Dörken, B. s. Ebert, W. 657 Echemendia, E. 657 Farrell, B. K. 664 Dautlick, J. X. s. Knedel, M. Dörner, K. 217, 654, 967 Ecknauer, R. s. Blätzinger, J. Farstad, M. 664 734 Doi, K. s. Taniuchi, K. 857 G. 265 Farstad, M. s. Ingebretsen, O. David, H. 645 Doldi, S. B. s. Annoni, G. 601 Economou, E. s. Bouloukos, Chr. 788 David, H. s. Chang, T. 634 Dolnik, V. 654 A. 623 Fauchier, P. s. Raichvarg, D. David, K. s. Halmy, L. 690 Dols, J. L. S. 218 Ederveen, A. B. s. Braun, S. 809 Davies, K. W. 646 Dols, J. L. S. s. Zanten, A. P. 911 Fauerbach, J. s. Johnson, P. E. Davies, P. s. Nicholson, R. I. van 244 Edwards, J. B. s. Huxtable, A. 718 565 Dombrowa, B. 654 706 Fedderke, J. s. Assel, H. 603 Davis, J. E. 645 Dommisse, R. s. Marescau, B. Egberts, J. s. Gebhardt, D. O. Feger, J. s. Bordas, M. 621 Davody, C. s. Feldmann, D. 61 E. 219 Feher, G. K. 665 665 Domres, B. s. Heller, W. 696 Eggstein, M. s. Bonner, J. 619, Feher, T. 665 Dawkins, S. J. 646 Donato, F. s. Annoni, G. 600, 1021 Feher, T. s. Bodrogi, L. 618 Dawkins, S. J. s. Salway, J. G. 601 Eggstein, M. s. Stein, W. 849, Feher, T. s. Feher, G. K. 665 571 Doncheva, T. P. s. Zakhariev, 925 Feher, T. s. Poteczin, E. 804 Dawling, S. 646 N. K. 884 Ehrenthal, W. 218, 657, 658 Feignoux, G. s. Raichvarg, D. Daxenbichler, G. 647 Dooley, J. F. 655 Ehrenthal, W. s. Prellwitz, W. 809 Deana, R. 647 Dorado, M. s. Malagon, F. 760 590 Feldmann, D. 665 Deaton, C. D. 648, 649 Doröczy, A. 645 Eisenbeiß, F. s. Breiter, J. 625 Feldmann, K. s. Keller, F. 169 Dechtiaruk, W. s. Rock, R. C. Dorph-Pedersen, A. s. Klit- Eisenwiener, H. G. 1001 Feldmann, U. 121 818 gaard, N. A. 733 Ekindjian, O. G. s. Jaffray, P. Feldt-Rasmussen, U. s. Blaab- Decker, M. J. s. Deaton, C. D. Doss, M. 655 711 jerg, O. 617 648 Dossi, G. s. Rovida, E. 820 Ekins, R. 546 Felgenhauer, K. 665 Deckers, S. H. C. M. s. Ralet, Dowsett, M. 656 El-Ashry, S. s. El-Kerdawy, M. Fellows, W. D. s. Pascucci, M. Ph. G. F. A. H. 234 Drake, P. s. Bretaudiere, J.-P. M. 659 W. 797 Deegan, T. s. Briggs, C. J. 627 626 Elema, J. s. Jong, A. P. J. M. Femi-Onadeko, B. s. Essien, E. Delaitre, B. s. Jaffray, P. 711 Drechsler, H. J. 656 de 224 E. 661 Delbrück, A. 573, 931 Drechsler, H. J. s. Glaubitt, D. El-Hawary, M. F. S. 658, 659 Fenner, A. s. Schöneshöfer, M. Delbrück, A. s. Ranke, C. 809 679 El Hefni, S. s. Zaki, A. 884 71, 75, 830 Delbrück, A. s. Saßmannshau• Drenth, B. F. H. s. Zeeuw, R. El-Hindy, M. A. s. Abul-Fadl, Feraudi, M. 666 sen, J. 825 A. de 575 M. A. M. 576 Fernandez Yero, J. L. s. Horn, Delcourt, R. s. Braun, S. 911 Dreux, C. s. Garnier, J. P. 562 El-Kateb, S. M. s. Khalafallah, A. 702 Delektorskaya, L. N. s. Men- Dreux, C. s. Gourmel, B. 682 A. S. 729 Fernet, P. s. Valdiguie, P. 572 shikov, V. V. 770 Dreux, C. s. Guechot, J. 685 El-Kerdawy, M. M. 659 Ferrone, S. s. Wolf, P. L. 878 Delgado, C. C. 577 Dreux, C. s. Launay, J. M. 748 Elorza, F. L. s. Malagon, F. Fesüs, L. 666 Delogu, P. s. Biancifiori, M. A. Drexel, H. s. Puschendorf, B. 760 Fialkov, Yu. A. s. Grigorieva, 615 807 Elshahaway, N. s. Mortagy, M. A. S. 684 Delzenne, B. s. Hoek, F. J. 700 Dreyfus, J.-C. s. Poenaru, L. S. 776 Fiechter, G. s. Sanders, G. T. Demers, L. M. 649 803 El Shami, A. S. 659 B. 824 Deny, C. K. 649, 650 Driessen, W. M. M. s. Vader, Elshawarby, K. s. Mortagy, M. Fiet, J. s. Gourmel, B. 682 Derry, C. K. s. Deaton, C. D. H. L. 241 S. 776 Fiet, J. s. Guechot, J. 685 648, 649 Drozdz, M. s. Jendryczko, A. Elvers, L. H. 453 Fifield, R. s. Hillyard, J. W. Desaty, D. 650 716 Emerson, J. s. Bruns, D. 628 700 Desch, G. 651 Drözdz, M. s. Kucharz, E. 739 Ende, A. van den 219 Fifield, R. s. Keyser, J. W. 728 Descomps, B. s. Desch, G. 651 Drozdz, M. s. Piwowarczyk, B. Ende, A. van den s. Schardijn, Fijalkowska, A. s. Janecki, J. Desplanque, J. s. Heiden, C. 802 G. H. C. 236 712 van der 222 Drözdz, M. s. Stawiarska, B. Endert, E. 659 Filipovic, D. s. Masic, R. 765 Desser, H. 159, 216, 652 848 Endler, A. T. 660 Fink, P. C. 379, 666 Dettmer, K. s. Knoll, E. 227, Drozdz, R. s. Czajkowska, B. Endler, T. 660 Fiorello, V. C. s. Buege, J. A. 734 643 Endröczi, E. s. Szabö, A. 855 628 Deus, B. s. Berg, A. 612 Dryburch, F. J. s. Smith, A. D. Eneroth, P. s. Lizana, J. A. Fischer, G.s. Bayer, P.M. 610 Deutsch, E. 546 S. 842 755 Fischer, M. 667 Deutsch, G. 217 Drygieniec, D. s. Kozakowska, Enev, N. 661 Fischer, M. s. Bayer, P. M. 610 Deutsch, G. s. Grenner, G. E. 737 Engelhardt, W. s. Bayer, P. M. Fish, R. s. Hillyard, J. W. 700 683 Dudley, D. s. Boone, D. J. 620 610 Fish, R. G. 667 Deverill, I. 566 Dulce, H. J. s. Schöneshöfer, Enomoto, H. s. Itoh, Y. 709 Fish, R. G. s. Yap, A. 882 Dick, W. 357,652 M. 75 Eriksson, K. s. Birath, K. 616 Fitzgeorge, R. s. Hambleton, P. Dick, W. s. Cullmann, W. 287, Dumont, G. s. Beyne, P. 614 Erlekens, D. W. s. Rijn, H. J. 690 643 Duran, M. s. Wadman, S. K. M. van 234 Flagiello, A. s. Orlacchio, A. Diel, F. 99, 652 578 Escoda, I. s. Aranda, M. 602 792, 793 Diener, U. 217, 653 Durand, D. s. Parry, C. 795 Esmans, E. s. Marescau, B. 61 Flatt, J. P. 568 Diener, U. s. Bauersfeld, W. Durand, G. s. Bordas, M. 621 Essien, E. E. 661 Fleckenstein, G. s. Uihlein, M. 214 Durbridge, T. C. 656 Ewque, M. C. s. Mach, A. 758 861 XIV Fleischhauer, W. 667 Galan, A. s. Castellanos, J. M. Goldberg, M. 680 Grote, H. s. Kuschak, D. 743 Fleminger, G. 667 631 Goldberg, M. s. Fouad, M. E. Grubbauer, H. M. s. Roscher, Flores, O. B. 668 Galimany, R. 569 669 A. 819 Foest, D. s. Dörner, K. 217 Galimany, R. s. Gella, F. J. Goldenberg, D. s. Fleminger, Grunewald, K. s. Hausen. A. Follath, F. s. Ha, H. R. 687 675 G. 667 694 Follath, F. s. Wenk, M. 873 Gailetti, F. s. Bonati, M. 569 Goldman, B. 584 Gruemer, H.-D. s. Goldsmith, Fong. P. s. Perlstein, M. T. 800 Galli, A. s. Galimany, R. 569 Goldschmidt, H. M. J. 681 B. M. 681 Fontelo, P. s. Reynoso, G. 811 Galteau, M. M. 570 Goldsmith, B. M. 681 Grüner, J. s. Averdunk, R. 89 Foo, A. Y. 668 Galzigna, L. s. Deana, R. 647 Gologan, R. s. Funduc, I. 673 Gruev, T. s. Hrisoho, R. 703, Foo, A. Y. s. Nemesänszky, E. Gandhi, A. s. Bagga, O. P. 607 Gomi, K. s. Ishii, T. 708 704 782 Gang, H. 674 Gonda, T. 682 Grützmann, K. D. s. Jung, K. Forman, D. T. 669 Garcia-Barreno, P. 675 Goni, F. R. s. Pizzolato, M. A. 719 Fossoul, C s. Mardens, Y. 762 Gardner, M. D. s. Henderson, 802 Grunicke, H. s. Dworzak, E. Foster, G. s. Shrawder, E. J. A. R. 697 Gore, C. W. s. Stonard, M. D. 657 837 Garnier, J. P. 562 852 Grunicke, H. s. Puschendorf, B. Fotsis, T. s. Adlercreutz, H. Gaspart, E. s. Galteau, M. M. Gorkom, W. H. van s. Wilgen- 807, 979 597 570 burg, M. G. M. van 301 Gruric-Koprcina, B. s. Jagic, V. Fouad, F. M. s. Goldberg, M. Gau, N. s. Stein, E. A. 848 Gourmel, B. 682 711 680 Geary, T. D. s. Bowyer, R. C. Gourmel, B. s. Guechot, J. Gruszczyk, S. B. s. Gilbertson, Fouda, M. E. 669 624 685 T. J. 679 Fraia, G. Di s. Oriente, P. 791, Gebhardt, D. O. E. 219 Gouy, D. 682 Guder, W. G. s. Woerd-de 792 Gebhart, W. s. Desser, H. 652 Goverde, B. s. Magnani, H. N. Lange, J. A. Van der 243 Francesconi, M. 17 Gelfand, M.s. Chen, I.-W. 636 759 Guechot, J. 685 Frank, G. 580 Gella, F. J. s. Mach, A. 758 Govinda Malya, P. A. 682 Guelfi, J. F. 570 Frankena, H. s. Zweens, J. 919 Gella, F. J. 675 Grabske, R. J. s. Smith, R. E. Gülich, M. v. s. Schindler, J. G. Franzini, C 669 Geltosky, J. E. s. Miller, W. K. 238 49 Franzini, C s. Besozzi, M. 614 772 Grallath, E. s. Schulz, W. 1063 Günther, E. s. Hilgenfeldt, J. Franzosi, M. C s. Bonati, M. Gend, J. M. W. A. van 220 Grandjean, B. s. Mardens, Y. 699 569 Gener, J. s. Gella, F. J. 675 762 Günther, Th. s. Averdunk, R. Fräser, C. G. s. Shephard, M. Genta, V. M. 676 Grandsaert, D. s. Centofanti, J. 604 D. S. 836 Gentilini, J.-L. s. Fruchart, J.- 631 Gussow, B. s. Dörnei, K. 654 Fräser, F. H. 566 C. 673 Graninger, W. 587 Gundlach, J. s. Nigam, S. 783 Fräser, I. S. s. Sharp, A. M. Genoux, P. 676 Gray, S. P. 683 Gunzer, G. s. Neumann, S. 835 Georgescu, I. s. Zamfirescu- Grayeski, M. L. s. Mullin, J. 232 Frass, M. 219, 670 Gheorghiu, M. 885 778 Gupta, S. K. 686 Frass, M. s. Desser, H. 216 Georgiev, I. G. 676 Greaves, M. F. s. Newman, R. Gurr, E. s. Ranke, C. 809 Frass, M. s. Müller, M. M. 777 Gerber-Taras, E. 525 A. 552 Gurry, D. L. s. Stratton, C. J. Frass, M. s. Trombik, E. 240 Gergely, Th. s. Burger, H. 629 Green, R. s. Kapur, B. M. 724 852 Frassine, I. s. Kuzmits, R. 229 Gergely, Th. 677 Greenwood, H. M. s. Gushaw, Gushaw, J. B. 686 Free, A. H. 671 Gerhardt, W. 677 J. B. 686 Gustafsson, J.-A. 564 Free, H. M. 671 Geyer, G. 571 Gregorio, G. de 683 Gustafsson, J. E. C. 686, 687 Freeman, T. s. Mullin, J. 778 Geyer, H. s. Gregorio, G. de Greiling, H. 549 Gustman, H. s. Dörner, K. Freidel, J. s. Steiner, P. M. 850 683 Greiling, H. s. Gressner, A. M. 654, 967 Frey, B. M. 671 Gherardini, R. s. Stanek, B. 220, 221, 465 Guthrie, D. s. Skillen, A. W. Frey, F. J. s. Frey, B. M. 671 846 Greiling, H. s. Kleesiek, K. 840 Frey, H. s. Lövgren, T. 756 Ghielmi, S. s. Albertini, A. 731 Guthrie, L. s. Wellby, M. L. Fridrich, L. 672 598 Grenner, G. 590, 683 872 Friedrich, E. 672 Ghosh, N. K. 678 Grenner, G. s. Dati, F. 216 Gutierrez-Hidalgo, E. 687 Fries, P. s. Anaokar, S. 599 Giaever, I. s. Rej, R. 811 Gressner, A. M. 220,221,363, Guzman, L. s. Echemendia, E. Fröhlich, G. 588 Giampietro, O. 678 465, 550, 684 657 Fröhlich, J. 672 Giboudeau, J. s. Cynober, L. Greten, H. s. Därr, W. H. 644 Guzy, J. s. Barnovä, E. 609 Fruchart, J.-C 673 643 Griep, P. A. M. s. Goldschmidt, Gyganik, A. s. Kudrewicz- Fruton, J. S. 562 Giegel, J. L. 678 H. M. J. 681 Hubicka, Z. 740 Frye, R. s. Rock, R. C. 818 Gielsdorf, W. 25, 485 Griffiths, J. s. Wolf, P. L. 878 Fuchs, D. s. Bichler, A. 615 Giesberts, M. A. H. 220 Griffiths, J. C. 552, 555 Ha, H. R. 687 Fuchs, D. s. Hausen, A. 375, Giesemann, G. s. Stalla, G. K. Griffiths, K. s. Nicholson, R. I. Haas, H. s. Braun, S. 911 694 427 565 Haas, H. s. Dworzak, E. 657 Fuentes, J. s. Miro, J. 773 Gilbertson, T. J. 679 Grigorieva, A. S. 684 Haas, Th. 283 Fujimoto, K.-I. s. Kosaki, G. Gimlette, T. M. D. s. Squire, C. Grimm, W. s. Prellwitz, W. Haase, W. 588 737 R. 846 590 Haase, W. s. Bauer, H.-W. 587 Fukutani, C. s. Uete, T. 145 Gimpel, J. A. s. Maas, A. H. J. Grimmer, I. 684 Habenstein, K. 688 Funduc, I. 673 758 Grisley, D. W. s. Pascucci, M. Haber, M. H. 587 Funke, H. s. Assmann, G. 273 Gioia, I. A. 371 W. 797 Haeckel, R. 173 Furukawa, I. 673 Glasius, E. s. Haeringen, N. J. Grochulski, A. s. Sternberg, M. Haeckel, R. s. Feldmann, U. Furuya, E. s. Nishikaze, O. van 222 851 121 784 Glaubitt, D. 679 Groenewold, H. s. Posma, F. D. Haegele, E.-O. s. Ansorge, U. Fushimi, R. 674 Glaubitt, D. s. Drechsler, H. J. 209 213 656 Gröf, P. s. Somos, S. 843 Hähnel, E. s. Hähnel, R. 688 Gabi, F. s. Bauer, K. 610 Goberna, R. s. Mateo, J. 765 Groom, G. s. Hillyard, J. W. Hähnel, R. 688 Gabi, F. s. Endler, A. T. 660 Godolphin, W. 680 700 Hähnel, R. s. Stratton, C. J. Gabi, F. s. Endler, T. 660 Goedde, H. W. 179 Groot, G. de s. Maes, R. A. A. 852 Gabulya, J. s. Klujber, L. 733 Götz, W. s. Hilgenfeldt, J. 699 574 Haenel, R. s. Klose, S. 226, Gaethke, A.-S. s. Dörner, K. Goff, A.-M. le s. Schellenberg, Gros, M. 685 733 217 F. 828 Gross, J. 685 Hänni, F. s. Schläpfer, P. 351 Gävert, J. s. Koivula, T. 736 Goldberg, D. M. 556 Gross, J. s. Grimmer, I. 684 Haeringen, N. J. van 222 XV Härkönen, M. 689 Hasegawa, S. s. Baba, S. 605 Higginson, L. s. Wolf, P. L. Hörne, T. s. Lloyd, P. H. 755 Härkönen, M. s. Saranko Hashimoto, T. s. Kano, S. 723 878 Horskä, M. s. Sedläk, J. 833 (Lindholm) A.-M. 824 Hassan-Ali, S. s. Witzgall, H. Hihumi, S. s. Saito, Z. 823 Horton, M. R. s. Harris, E. K. Hafkenscheid, J. C. M. 222 387 Hildebrandt, A. G. s. Nigam, S. 692 Hafner, F. W. s. Knoll, E. 227, Hata, K. s. Kanai, A. 721 783 Hoskin, S. s. Wu, J. W. 881 734 Hata, Y. s. Ichino, M. 707 Hilgenfeldt, J. 699 Hosotubo, H. s. Furukawa, I. Haft, J. I. s. Gang, H. 674 Haupt, H. s. Schwick, H. G. Hill, H. M. 699 673 Hagemann, P. 689 591 Hill, K. s. Bruns, D. 628 Hosoya, J.-I. s. Ishii, T. 708 Hager, C.B.s. Free, H.M. 671 Hausen, A. 375, 694 Hill, P. G. 699 Hotschek, H. s. Wider, G. 873 Haglund, K. s. Deaton, C D. Hausen, A. s. Bichler, A. 615 Hillock, R. H. s. Hebert, S. Houston, B. s. Boone, D. J. 649 Havas, Z. s. Nagy, I. 780 695 620 Hahn, A. s. Mottaghy, K. 267 Havel, R. J. 558 Hillyard, J. W. 700 Howanitz, J. H. s. Howanitz, P. Haider, W. 548 Hayashi, C s. Furukawa, I. Hinkov, R. s. Jordanova, J. J. 703 Haue, B. s. Stein, W. 239 673 719 Howanitz, P. J. 703 Haindl, H. s. Braun, S. 911 Hayashi, C s. Fushimi, R. 674 Hinsch, W. 307 Howarth, A. T. 703 Haindl, H. s. Oellerich, M. Hayashi, C s. Kadono, K. 721 Hinterberger, W. s. Fridrich, L. Howell, A. s. Barnes, D. M. 447 Hayashi, T. 695 672 609 Hajdu, P. 690 Haythorn, P. s. Sheehan, M. Hinton, R. H. s. Bridges, J. W. Howell, G. W. s. Johnson, P. E. Häkansson, L. s. Venge, P. 836 581 718 864 Healy, M. J. R. s. Brown, S. S. Hintz, H. s. Meyer, W. 771 Hrabäk, A. s. Szabö, M. T. 855 Haller, H. s. Leohhardt, W. 395, 413 Hirano, T. s. Matsuzaki, H. Hrisoho, R. 703, 704 751 Heaton, F. W. s. Adeniyi, F. A. 767 Hsiao, K.-J. 704 Hallworth, M. J. s. Price, C. P. 596 Hirasawa, M. s. Ishii, T. 708 Hsu, L. S. F. 704 805, 806 Hebert, S. 695 Hirashima, K. s. Ueno, K. 861 Hsu, T.-H. s. Chan, D. W. 632 Halmy, L. 690 Heertum, R. L. Van s. Eche- Hirbec, G. s. Sternberg, M. Huang, S. N. s. Kutty, K. M. Halonen, T. s. Lövgren, T. 756 mendia, E. 657 851 743 Hambleton, P. 690, 691 Heiden, C van der 222 Hitchcock, J. F. s. Maas, A. H. Huber, H. s. Hausen, A. 694 Hamilton, M. s. Howarth, A. T. Heinz, F. 977 J. 758 Huber, J. F. K. 561 703 Heitz, J. s. Averdunk, R. 604 Hiwada, K. 700 Huebner, V. s. Chittenden, C. Hammond, J. E. s. Genta, V. Hekali, R. 695 Hjelm, M. 553 637 M. 676 Helbing, A. R. 223 Hobbs, D. R. s. Davies, K. W. Huhtala, M.-L. 705 Hammond, P. M. s. Price, C. P. Helenius, T. s. Liewendahl, K. 646 Hukkelhoven, M. W. A. C. s. 806 753 Hobolth, N. s. Rosleff, F. 819 Vermorken, A. J. M. 865 Hanefeld, M. s. Leonhardt, W. Helger, R. s. Breiter, J. 625 Hoecke, M. J. van s. Surmont, Hultman, E. 705 751 Helger, R. s. Müller, W. 778 D. W. A. 854 Hultman, E. s. Chasiotis, D. Hannestad, U. s. Märtensson, J. Helger, R. s. Rindfrey, H. 816 Hoek, F. J. 700 635 763 Helger, R. s. Vormbrock, R. Hoek, F. J. s. Sanders, G. T. B. Hummel, S. s. Schauer, I. 827 Hannig, K. s. Harthus, H. P. 867, 868 824 Hunter, T. s. Kubasik, N. P. 693, 694 Hell, H. van 696 Hoeke, J. O. O. s. Klein Geb- 738 Hansen, H. s. Reynoso, G. 811 Heller, W. 696 bink, J. A. G. 731 Huseby, N. E. 705 Hansen, S. I. s. Holm, J. 702 Hemmann, R. s.Wenk, M. 873 Hoekstra, J. B. L. s. Rijn, H. J. Hutchison, H. S. 706 Hansen, S. I. s. Lyngbye, J. Hempel, V. s. Heller, W. 696 M. van 234 Hutchison, R. S. s. Pledger, D. 757 Henck, C-Chr. 698 Holzel, W. 701 R. 803 Hansen, W. 39 Henderson, A. R. 697 Honig, W. 1057 Hutchison, S. s. Linderman, J. Hara, M. s. Yoshida, M. 883 Henderson, J. F. s. Siepen, D. Höpfel, I. s. Dworzak, E. 657 S. 754 Harada, Y. s. Sugiyama, N. 238 Horder, M. s. Blaabjerg, O. Huxtable, A. 706 854 Hengst, K. s. Braun, S. 911 617 Hvidt, S. s. Klitgaard, N. A. Harary, I. s. Bogin, E. 619 Henkel, E. 697 Horder, M. s. Thygesen, K. 733 Harff, G. A. 1027 Henkel, R. s. Henkel, E. 697 859 Hyänek, J. 706 Harff, G. A. s. Leeuwen, C van Hennrich, N. s. Neumann, S. Hoes, M. J. A. J. M. 259 Hyltoft Petersen, P. s. Blaa• 229, 749 232 Hoesli, P. 583 bjerg, O. 617 Hargreaves, W. R. s. Buege, J. Hennrich, N. s. Rieke, E. 814 Hohenwallner, W. 701 Hyltoft Petersen, P. s. Rosleff, A. 628 Henny, J. 572 Hohenwallner, W. s. Ullner, F. 819 Harland, R. N. L. s. Barnes, D. Henrichs, H. R. 223 W. 862 Hyltoft Petersen, P. s. Thyge• M. 609 Henze, K. 1013 Holden, J. s. Blackmore, D. J. sen, K. 859 Harley, E. H. 691 Herb, K. P. s. Ebert, W. 657 617 Harmoinen, A. 692 Herkner, K. s. Stanek, B. 846 Holford, N. s. Frey, B. M. 671 Harnoncourt, K. s. Marsoner, Herzmann, H. s. Bölke, L. 195 Hollinger, B. s. Brechbühler, Iacobello, C. s. Albertini, A. H. J. 762 Hess, B. 295 T. 625 598 Harpey, J. P. 692 Hesse, R. 223 Holloway, C. J. s. Bojanovski, Iannoccone, S. s. Chen, I.-W. Harrigan, M. s. Miller, W. K. Hetzel, H. s. Bichler, A. 615 M. 620 636 773 Heusghem, C. s. Chapelle, J. P. Holloway, C. J. s. Haas, Th. Ichida, T. s. Igarashi, S. 707 Harris, A. L. s. Dowsett, M. 634 283 Ichino, M. 707 656 Hever, Ö. 698 Holm, J. 702 Ichiyama, A. s. Kanno, T. 723 Harris, E. K. 692 Heyman, P. A. s. Laurijssens, Holm, J. s. Lyngbye, J. 757 Ideo, G. s. Annoni, G. 600 Harrison, J. s. Skillen, A. W. M. J. 748 Holmes, E. W. s. Covault, H. P. Idezuki, Y. s. Ichino, M. 707 840 Hickel, E. 563 640 Igarashi, S. 707 Harrop, J. S. 692 Hiesche, K. s. Staab, H. J. 339 Holroyd, J. A. s. Brown, S. B. Iida, H. 707 Härsfalvi, J. 693 Hietanen, E. 698 627 Ikuta, S. s. Misaki, H. 773 Härsfalvi, J. s. Fesüs, L. 666 Hietanen, E. s. Laitinen, M. Homann, J. s. Bleyl, H. 618 Us, W. s. Stein, W. 239 Härsfalvi, J. s.Muszbek, L.780 746 Homolka, J. 702 Imai, T. s. Yoshida, M. 883 Harthus, H. P. 693, 694 Higashi, Ya. s. Yoshida, M. Homolka, J. s. Hyänek, J. 706 Inagaki, K. s. Okuda, J. 790 Haschen, R. J. 552 883 Hooper, W. D. s. Kunze, H. E. Ingebretsen, O. Chr. 708 Haschke, A. s. Schollberg, K. Higashi, Yo. s. Yoshida, M. 741 Ingebretsen, O. Chr. s. Farstad, 830 883 Horn, A. 702 M. 664 XVI Ingle. A. R. s. Harrop, J. S. Jilek, F. s. Jering, H. 717 Kampen, E. J. van s. Carmann, Keyser, J. W. s. Hillyard, J. W. 692 Jimenez, C. V. 717 H. 961 700 Inman, D. I. s. Knedel, M. 734 Jobst, K. s. Ludany, A. 757 Kampen, E. J. van s. Zwart, A. Keyzer, J.J. 226 Intermann, S. s. Bruns, D. 628 Jockers-Wretou, E. 718 457 Khafagy, M. S. s. Fahmy, M. F. Irie, A. s. Kadono, K. 721 Johns, M. E. s. Wills, M. R. Kanai, A. 721 I. 662 Irie, M. s. Naruse, H. 781 877 Kane, L. N. 722 Khalafallah, A. S. 729 Ishibashi, K. s. Miyai, K. 774 Johnson, K. I. s. Hill, H. M. Kaneko, J. J. 580 Khalil, M. S. s. Abul-Fadl, M. Ishii, S. s. Naruse, H. 781 699 Kannisto, H. 722 A. M. 576 Ishii, T. 708 Johnson, K. R. s. Howarth, A. Kanno, T. 723 Khanna, P. s. Wong, R. 879 Israeli, B. 709 T. 703 Kano, S. 723 Khayat, M. H. 563 Isurugi, K. s. Yoshida, M. 883 Johnson, P. E. 718 Kao, P. C. 724 Khayyal, M. T. 729 Ito, R. 709 Johnson, P. E. s. Linderman, J. Kapel, J. van s. Lindemans, J. Kiburis, J. C. s. Levis, G. M. Ito, R. s. Walenga, J. 868 S. 754 230 752 Itoh, Y. 709 Johnson, T. R. B. s. Perlstein, Kaplan, L. A. s. Stein, E. A. Kim, J. B. s. Kohen, F. 736 Ivanova, E. Yu. s. Komov, V. P. M. T. 800 848 Kim, J. B. s. Messeri, G. 771 736 Johnston, K. G. s. Free, A. H. Kapur, B. M. 724 Kim, J. B. s. Pazzagli, M. 798 Ivanyi, J. s. Lader, S. R. 745 671 Karger, B. L. 561 Kind, P. R. N. 729, 730 Iwaki, K. s. Kosaki, G. 737 Jokela, H. s. Harmoinen, A. Karli, J. N. 725 Kindbeiter, J. M. s. Eisen- Iwanowski, J. 710 692 Karli, J. N. s. Adamopoulos, G. wiener, H. G. 1001 Izquierdo, J. M. 710 Jokela, H. s. Petterson, K. 801 D. 595 King, S. W. s. Savory, J. 826 Jones, G. R. s. Jajczay, F. L. Karlson, P. 43 Kinoshita, R. s. Kubo, H. 739 Jabtoriska-Skwieciriska, E. s. 711 Karmazsin, L. s. Matkovics, B. Kirchmair, W. s. Puschendorf, Kozakowska, E. 737 Jones, D. s. Wolf, P. L. 878 766 B. 807 Jackman, J. s. Derry, C. K. 649 Jong, A. P. J. M. de 224 Karmen, A. 725 Kirichek, L. M. s. Grigorieva, Jacob, B. s. Jung, K. 719 Jong, E. B. M. de s. Gold- Karonen, S.-L. s. Härkönen, A. S. 684 Jacob, K. 224 schmidt, H. M. J. 681 M. 689 Kirillova, N. V. s. Komov, V. P. Jacob, K. s. Meyer, H. D. 771 Jong, J. W. J. de s. Smit, E. M. Kasahara, S. s. Naruse, H. 781 736 Jacob, K. s. Vogt, W. 241 841 Kasahara, Y. 726 Kishimoto, S. s. Okuda, K. 790 Jacobi, J. s. Prellwitz, W. 590 Jons, J. s. Berg, A. 612 Kasahara, Y. s. Sugiyama, M. Kishinami, K. 730 Jacquier, A. s. Boutin, J. A. Jordanova, J. 719 854 Kiss, C. s. Poteczin, E. 804 624 Julius, U. s. Leonhardt, W. Kasche, V. 726 Kita, M. s. Kanai, A. 721 Jacobson, B. s. Godolphin, W. 751 Kasper, M. E. s. Lauff, J. J. Kita, M. s. Okabe, H. 788, 789 680 Jullien, Y. s. Desch, G. 651 748 Kitahara, T. s. Kosaki, G. 737 Jacobs-Sturm, A. s. Kuschak, Jung, K. 719, 720 Kasper, M. E. s. Wu, T. W. Kitamura, M. 730 D. 742, 743 Junge, W. 225, 720 881 Kitano, Y. s. Uete, T. 145 Jaffray, P. 711 Juricic, M. s. Staveljenic, A. Kasum, S. s. Breznik, R. 626 Kläring, W. J. s. Desser, H. Jagic, V. 711 847 Kather, B. s. Kupke, I. R. 742 652 Jain, R. s. Kutty, K. M. 743 Jurman-Gros, T. s. Gros, M. Katnik, I. s. Dobryszycka, W. Kleesiek, K. 731 Jajczay, F. L. 711 685 654 Kleiber, M. A. 731 Jakesz, R. s. Spona, J. 845 Kattermann, R. 31 Kleinberger, G. s. Desser, H. Jaklitsch, A. s. Wong, R. 879 Kabakoff, D. s. Centofanti, J. Kauerz, U. 726 159 Jambroes, G. s. Maas, A. H. J. 631 Kauffman, H. F. s. Keyzer, J. J. Kleine, T. O. 732 758 Kabakoff, D. s. Cronin, M. 226 Klein Gebbink, J. A. G.. 731 Jänne, O. 564 642 Kauhala, A. s. Ojala, K. 788 Kleinhammer, G. s. Deutsch, Janecki, J. 712 Kabakoff, D. s. Wong, R. 879 Kauppila, A. s. Jänne, O. 564 G. 217 Janecki, J. s. Palynyczko, Z. Kabakoff, D. S. s. Gushaw, J. Kavitha, V. S. N. P. s. Rukmini, Kleinhammer, G. s. Naruse, H. 798 B. 686 Kawade, M. s. Iida, H. 707 781 Janik, V. 712 Kabra, M. s. Farina, F. A. 663 Kawai, S. s. Okuda, K. 790 Klemp, P. s. Harley, E. H. 691 Jansen, R. T. P. 713 Kadono, K. 721 Kawai, T. s. Itoh, Y. 709 Klinkers t, H. s. Feldmann, U. Janson, D. s. Seiffert, U. B. 41 Käär, M.-L. s. Hekali, R. 695 Kawaji, H. 727 121 Janssens, J. Ph. 713 Käring, J. s. Desser, H. 159 Kawasaki, T. 727 Klitgaard, N. A. 733 Januzovic, N. 713, 714 Kägedal, B. 721 Kawashima, M. s. Miyai, K. Klos, M. 733 Jardillier, J.-C. s. Lefevre, C. Kägedal, B. s. Braun, S. 911 774 Klose, G. 573 750 Kahle, L. H. s. Wijk, E. M. van Kaye, W. 727 Klose, S. 226, 733 Jarett, L. 714 242 Kazda, A. s. Mäsek, K. 765 Klose, S. s. Siedel, J. 838 Jarosch, E. s. Dworzak, E. 657 Kahn, S. E. s. Covault, H. P. Kean, K. T. s. Kutty, K. M. Klosse, J. A. s. Schrijver, J. Jaroß, W. 715 640 743 237 Jaroß, W. s. Schollberg, K. Kalofoutis, A. s. Lakakis, J. Kearns, M. s. Brown, S. S. Kluft, O. s. Posma, F. D. 209 830 750 395, 413 Klujber, L. 733 Jathar, V. S. 715 Kalofoutis, A. s. Poggas, N. Keck, E. 1043 Knedel, M. 734 Jazdzewski, B. 716 803 Keese, C. R. s. Rej, R. 811 Knedel, M. s. Jacob, K. 224 Jendryczko, A. 716 Kaltwasser, F. s. Braun, S. 911 Kegge, E. s. Lindemans, J. 230 Knedel, M. s. Neumeier, D. Jeffcoate, S. L. s. Dowsett, M. Kameno, Y. s. Baba, S. 605 Kekoni, U. J. s. Salo, E. J. 823 232, 783 Jeffrey, J. R. s. Miller, W. K. Kamerling, J. P. s. Wadman, S. Keller, F. 169 Kniffin, J. s. Walenga, J. 868 773 K. 578 Keller, H. 547 Kniffin, J. M. s. Fareed, J. 663 Jellum, E. s. Stokke, O. 851 Kamimura, A. s. Naruse, H. Kellermayer, M. s. Ludany, A. Knight, W. S. s. Giegel, J. L. Jendryczko, A. s. Kucharz, E. 781 757 678 739 Kaminska, M. s. Badzio, T. Kenny, D. 728 Knoll, E. 227, 734 Jentsch, J. s. Puschendorf, B. 606 Kent, J. s. Blackmore, D. J. Knoll, E. s. Diener, U. 217, 807, 979 Kamiyama, F. s. Okuda, K. 617 653 Jeremic-Diklic, V. 716 790 Keogh, H. s. Carmann, H. 961 Knoll, E.s.Ratge,D. 234,479 Jering, H. 717 Kamp, G. J. van 225 Kerkay, J. s. Chou, P. P. 639 Kobayashi, K. s. Matsuki, T. Jibril, A. O. s. Madera-Orsini, Kamp, J. J. P. v. d. s. Giesberts, Kessler, A.-Ch. 225, 728 766 F. 758 M. A. H. 220 Keul, J. s. Berg, A. 612 Kobayashi, Y. s. Kubo, H. 739 Jilek, F. 224, 717 Kampen, E. J. van 517, 521 Keyser, J. W. 728 Kobayashi, Y. s. Miyai, K. 556 XVII Kochwa, S. s. Caroscio, J. T. Koväcs, L. s. Kordoss-Nagy, A. Kutter, D. 228, 588 Lehtinen, I. s. Puukka, M. 808 630 I. 736 Kutty, K. M. 743 Lehtinen, M. s. Harmoinen, A. Kocsis, M. s. Benyuska, S. 611 Koväcs, L. s. Nagy, I. 780 Kuzela, L. s. Musil, J. 779 692 Kodama, J. s. Kadono, K. 721 Kozak, J. s. Wozniak, K. 881 Kuzmits, R. 229, 744 Leibi, H. s. Spona, J. 845 Koedam, J. C. s. Elvers, L. H. Kozakowska, E. 737 Kuzmits, R. s. Müller, M. M. Leijnse, B. s. Blijenberg, B. G. 453 Kraak, J. C. s. Smedes, F. 841 777 215 Köhn, H. 735 Kraft, D. s. Ambrosch, F. 598 Leijnse, B. s. Boerma, G. J. M. Koenders, A. 227 Krais, J. s. Stein, W. 925 Laarhoven, J. P. R. M. van 215 Koenig-Erich, S. s. Boss, N. Kranjcevic, S. s. Tadej, D. 856 744 Leinonen, M. s. Ruokonen, A. 622 Krause, E.-G. s. Rabitzsch, G. Lacour, B. s. Parry, C. 795 821 König, K. s. Bichler, A. 615 809 Lader, S. R. 745 Leitner, M. s. Wolf, P. L. 878 Körber, F. s. Münch, R. 953 Krauss, R. M. 738 Lagergren, C. s. Abrahamsson, Lekakis, J. 750 Kössler, A. s. Rabitzsch, G. Krawczynska, H. 738 L. 594 Lekakis, J. s. Poggas, N. 803 809 Krawczynski, J. s. Krawczyns• Lageron, A. 745 Lembcke, J. s. Rabitzsch, G. Köster, G. 987 ka, H. 738 Laggner, A. 745 809 Köster-Eiserfunke, W. s. Kreutzer, E. K. J. s. Hoes, M. Laing, I. 229 Lemiere, G. s. Marescau, B. Gressner, A. M. 363 J. A. J. M. 259 Laitinen, M. 746 61 Kohan, A. L. 735 Kreutzer, H. J. H. s. Rijke, D. Laitinen, M. s. Hietanen, E. Lemke, C. E. s. Henrichs, H. R. Kohan, L. s. Kohan, A. L. 735 de 815 698 223 Kohda, K. s. Furukawa, I. 673 Kreysel, H. W. s. Nissen, H. P. Lakatos, L. s. Matkovics, B. Lenz, H. s. Deutsch, G. 217 Kohen, F. 736 785 766 Lenzhofer, R. s. Graninger, W. Kohl, H. s. Habenstein, K. 688 Kricka, L. J. 567 Lakomek, H. J. 746 587 Kohlschütter, B. s. Weinstock, Kricka, L. J. s. Hill, P. G. 699 Lalla, M. s. Kannisto, H. 722 Leoncini, P. s. Botti, R. 623 N. 871 Krieg, T. s. Kühn, K. 550 Lamberson, H. V. s. Howanitz, Leoncini, R. s. Aleo, M. F. 598 Koistinen, R. s. Huhtala, M.-L. Krieger, R. s. Kattermann, R. P.J. 703 Leoncini, R. s. Casini, A. 630 705 31 Lambert, W. E. 746 Leonhardt, W. 751 Koivula, T. 736 Kringle, R. O. s. Pascucci, M. Lamy, J. s. Schellenberg, F. Lepoutre, L. 751 Koivula, T. s. Harmoinen, A. W. 797 828 Leppilampi, M. s. Puukka, M. 692 Kriss, E. E. s. Grigorieva, A. S. Land, B. A. s. Vermousek, I. 808 Koivula, T. s. Petterson, K. 684 865 Lequin, R. M. s. Sekadde- 801 Krüger, I. s. Gross, J. 685 Land, H. s. Neumann, S. 232 Kigondu, C. B. 834 Kok, S. s. Schardijn, G. H. C. Krüger, R. s. Gross, J. 685 Landeghem, A. A. J. van s. Lesiecki, A. s. Dobryszycka, 236 Krüskemper, H. L. s. Keck, E. Thijssen, J. H. H. 858 654 Kokawa, M. s. Kodono, K. 1043 Landon, J. 555, 566 Leutenegger, M. s. Maquart, F. 721 Krüskemper, H. L. s. Lakomek, Lang, H. s. Kuzmits, R. 744 X. 761 Kokko, E. s. Petterson, K. 801 H. J. 746 Lang, H. s. Rieke, E. 814 Levin, K. 751 Kokubu, T. s. Hiwada, K. 700 Kruijswijk, H. s. Weijers, R. N. Lange, P. 747 Levin, K. E. s. Levin, K. 751 Kolb, R. s. Spona, J. 845 M. 242 Langer, B. s. Diener, U. 653 Levis, G. M. 752 Koller, P. U. s. Poppe, W. A. Krustev, Z. s. Maleev, A. 760 Larsson, L. 747 Levis, G. M. s. Anastasiou- 233 Ksieczopolska, A. s. Badzio, T. Larsson, L. s. Kägedal, B. 721 Nana, M. 599 Koller, P. U. s. Weisshaar, H- 606 Laska, P. F. s. Hutchison, H. S. Levis, G. M. s. Stathaki, S. 847 D. 871 Kubasik, N. P. 738 706 Lewis, S. C. 752 Komov, V. P. 736 Kubik, M. s. Hyänek, J. 706 Laszlovszky, I. 747 Leybold, K. s. Junge, W. 225, Könog, K. s. Hausen, A. 694 Kubo, H. 739 Latallo, Z. S. s. Härsfalvi, J. 720 Konakhovich, N. F. s. Grigo- Kucharz, E. 739 693 Lichtenberg, T. s. Glaubitt, D. rieva, A. S. 684 Kucharz, E. s. Jendryczko, A. Latini, R. s. Bonati, M. 569 679 Konings, C. H. 228 716 Lattuada, F. s. Annoni, G. 601 Lie, O. s. Stokke, O. 851 Konishita, T. s. Yoshida, M. Kucharz, E. s. Stawiarska, B. Lauff, J. J. 748 Liem, K. O. s. Giesberts, M. A. 883 848 Lauff, J. J. s. Wu, T. W. 881 H. 220 Konopka, S. s. Reynoso, G. Kudrewicz-Hubicka, Z. 740 Launay, J. M. 748 Liewendahl, K. 753 811 Küffer, H. s. Antony, P. 601, Laurijssens, M. J. 748 Lijnen, P. 753 Kopsa, H. s. Endler, T. 660 602 Lauwerys, R. s. Bernard, A. Lilienfeld-Toal, H. v. s. Keck, Kopsa, H. s. Fridrich, L. 672 Kühn, J. s. Harthus, H. P. 693 613 E. 1043 Kopulov, P. Ch. s. Komov, V. Kühn, K. 550 Lavi, J. 749 Lill, H. s. Jering, H. 717 P. 736 Külpmann, W. R. 249, 740 Lee, F.-M. s. Liu, W.-T. 755 Lill, H. s. Jilek, F. 224, 717 Kora, I. s. Fruchart, J.-C. 673 Kuizenga, A. 228 Lee, S. H. 749 Lim, C. K. 562, 753 Kordoss-Nagy, A. I. 736 Kujawski, J. 740 Leenheer, A. P. de s. Bevere, Lim, G. K. s. Oon, C. J. 791 Kornmüller, K. J. 7 Kulbertus, H. E. s. Chapelle, J. V. O. de 614 Lin, T.-M. s. Liu, W.-T. 755 Korta, T. s. Kozakowska, E. P. 634 Leenheer, A. P. de s. Lambert, Lindemans, J. 230 737 Kuhn, H. E. s. Demers, L. M. W. E. 746 Linderman, J. S. 754 Kosaki, G. 737 649 Leeuwen, C. van 229, 749 Lindgren, F. T. s. Krauss, R. M. Kosaki, G. s. Ogawa, M. 787 Kulnigg, E. s. Wider, G. 873 Leeuwen, C. van s. Harff, G. A. 738 Koskinen, L. s. Vihko, R. 866 Kumar, M. S. 741 1027 Lindner, H. R. s. Kohen, F. Koskinen, M. s. Ruokonen, A. Kumar, M. S. s. Chou, P. P. Leferink, J. G. s. Maes, R. A. 736 821 639 A. 574 Lindner, L. E. s. Haber, M. H. Kostner, G. s, Magnani, H. N. Kumps, A. s. Mardens, Y. 76 Lefevre, C. 750 587 759 Kunovic, B. s. Cepelak, I. 632 Lefevre, G. s. Tallet, F. 857 Lines, J. G. 230, 564 Kostner, G. M. 558 Kunz, P. A. 741 Leflar, C. C. s. Ryan, D. 822 Linke, R. s. Deutsch, G. 217 Kostner, G. M. s. Dieplinger, Kunze, H. E. 741 Leguit, P. s. Dols, J. L. S. 218 Liordou, P. s. Lekakis, J. 750 H. 653 Kuoppasalmi, K. s. Härkönen, Lehane, D. P. s. Covault, H. P. Liotta, L. s. Menzel, E. J. 771 Kostner, G. M. s. Marth, G. M. 689 640 Lipovac, K. 754 763 Kupke, I. R. 742 Lehane, D. P. s. Davis, J. E. Lippa, S. s. Sole, P. de 843 Kostner, G. M. s. Pristautz, H. Kusakari, K. s. Ichino, M. 707 645 Lippe, G. s. Deana, R. 647 806 Kuschak, D. 742, 743 Lehane, P. s. Ryder, K. 822 Lisowska-Myjak, B. 754 Kushiro, H. s. Kadono, K. 721 Lehnert, W. 750 Littarra, G. P. s. Sole, P. de Koväcs, J. B. s. Nagy, I. 780 843 XVIII Liu, W.-T. 755 Makanjuola, R. s. Dixon, P. A. Masullo, K. M. s. Dooley, J. F. Metz, F.-J. s. Keller, F. 169 Lizana, J. A. 755 F. 653 655 Meyer, H. D. 771 Lloyd, P. H. 755 Malagon, F. 760 Mateo, J. 765 Meyer, M. s. Hill, H. M. 699 Lo, J. S. 756 Maleev, A. 760 Mateo, J. s. Fabiani, F. 662 Meyer, W. 771 Loeber, J. G. s. Elvers, L. H. Malesic, I. s. Breznik, R. 626 Mati, J. K. G. s. Sekadde- Meyers, G. s. Davis, J. E. 645 453 Malik, A. s. Bagga, O. P. 608 Kigondu, C. B. 834 Mezei, L. M. s. Berry, S. D. Loecker, W. De s. Jarnsens, J. Mälkovä, J. s. Musil, J. 779 Matkovics, B. 766 613 Ph. 713 Mallet, E. 760 Matkovics, B. s. Barabäs, K. Mezei, L. M. s. Chen, J.-S. 636 Lövgren, T. 756 Malunowicz, E. s. Krawczyns- 608 Mezei, L. M. s. Nolph, K. 785 Lövgren, T. s. La vi, J. 749 ka, E. 738 Matlack, M. s. Anderson, J. C. Michaelis, H. C. s. Thomas, L. Loibl, A. s. Somos, S. 843 Malvetti, J. s. Zanotti-Cavaz- 599, 600 203 Loot I. 756 zoni, J. C. 885 Matousovä, M. s. Hyänek, J. Middeldorp, A. C. s. Roon- Loof, I. s. Sturm, G. 853 Maly, K. s. Friedrich, L. 672 706 Djordjevic, B. van 235 Lopez, V. s. Fabiani, F. 662 Malygin, V. V. 761 Matsubara, J. 766 Midgley, J. E. M. s. Smith, G. Lord, C. s. Wood, P. J. 880 Mandy, F. F. s. McGeen, N. Matsuki, T. 766 F. W. 842 Lorke, D. s. Paar, D. 794 768 Matsumoto, K. s. Kano, S. 723 Mikac-Devic, Mirna 772 Losonczy, H. s. Muszbek, L. Mani, N. 311 Matsuura, K. s. Ogawa, M. Mildner, D. s. Jung, K. 719 780 Mannuza, F. s. Free, Helen M. 787 Miller, B. s. Kuschak, D. 743 Louderback, A. L. s. Henkel, 671 Matsuzaki, H. 767 Miller, J. T. s. Reynoso, G. E. 697 Maquart, F. X. 761 Matthews, H. L. s. Harrop, J. S. 811 Lous, P. 573 Marchesi, V. T. 551 692 Miller, K. W. s. Lewis, S. C. Lovins, R. E. 592 Marcolongo, R. s. Aleo, M. R. Maturen, A. s. Covault, H. P. 752 Lowenthal, A. s. Marescau, B. 598 640 Miller, N. M. s. Berry, S. D. 61 Marcolongo, R. s. Casini, A. Maxon, H. s. Chen, I.-W. 635, 613 Luboshitsky, R. s. Aviram, M. 630 636 Miller, W. K. 772, 773 605 Mardens, Y. 76 Maxon, H. s. Stein, E. A. 848 Miltenyi, M. 772 Ludany, A. 757 Marell, G. J. 67 Maya, A. 767 Milunsky, A. 583 Luderer, T. K. J. 757 Marell, G. J. s. Ralet, Ph. G. F. Maziere, J.-C. s. Lageron, A. Mimou, N. s. Saito, Z. 823 Lüdin, E. s. Carmann, H. 961 A. H. 234 745 Minamiura, N. s. Ogawa, M. Lüllig, H. s. Ebert, W. 657 Marescau, B. 61 Mazue, G. s. Gouy, D. 682 787 Lüönd, H. s. Braun, S. 911 Marinello, E. s. Aleo, M. F. McAllister, E. J. 767 Mion, C. M. s. Desch, G. 651 Lüthgens, M. 757 598 McCroskey, R. s. Chang, T. Miquel, A. s. Zanotti-Cavaz- Luger, T. s. Desser, H. 652 Marinello, E. s. Casini, A. 630 634 zoni, J. C. 885 Lun, A. s. Gross, J. 685 Marin-Grez, M. s. Bonner, G. McCroskey, R. s. David, H. Miras, C. s. Bouloukos, A. 623 Lundin, A. 581 165 645 Miro, J. 773 Lunt, L. s. Gupta, S. K. 686 Marino, A. s. D'Ascenzo, G. McGeen, N. 768 Misaki, H. 773 Lutz, W. s. Jazdzewski, B. 716 603 McGeeney, K. F. 231, 768 Misz, M. s. Beck, P. 611 Luyten, Y. s. Marescau, B. 61 Markowetz, D. 231 McGeeney, K. F. s. O'Donnell, Miszczuk-Jamska, B. 774 Luzzana, M. s. Rovida, E. 820 Markowetz, D. s. Tanswell, P. M. D. 786 Mitchell, A. R. s. Smith, R. E. Lyager Nielsen, B. s. Thygesen, 240 McGowan, M. W. 769 238 K. 859 Marks, V. s. Wood, P. J. 880 McSweeney, F. M. 769 Miwa, I. s. Okuda, J. 790 Lyngbye, J. 757 Marosi, L. s. Endler, T. 660 Meder, B. s. Schulz, W. 1063 Miyai, K. 556, 774 Lyngbye, J. s. Holm, J. 702 Marosväri, I. s. Szönyi, L. 856 Mee, G. W. s. Mee, J. M. 769, Miyai, K. s. Furukawa, I. 673 Marples, J. 762 770 Miyai, K. s. Fushimi, R. 674 Marrs, T. C. s. Hsu, L. S. F. Mee, J. M. 769, 770 Miyamoto, Y. s. Taniuchi, K. Maas, A. H. J. 758 704 Meering, P. G. s. Maes, R. A. 857 Mabuni, C. T. s. Yeager, E. P. Marsh, E. s. Shaw, L. M. 835 A. 574 Miyasaka, K. s. Totani, M. 860 883 Marsoner, H. J. 762 Meier, M. s. Hagemann, P. Mizuno, M. s. Nishikaze, O. MacAJlister, A. s. McAllister, Marstein, S. s. Stokke, O. 851 689 784 E. J. 767 Martens, F. K. 763 Meijer, J. W. A. s. Riemann, Moda, E. s. Tabacco, A. 856 Mach, A. 758 Märtensson, J. 763 M. 813 Mödy, E. J. 774 Machida, K. s. Matsubara, J. Märtensson, O. s. Birath, K. Meiring, J. L. 576 Moel, G. Le s. Harpey, J. P. 766 616 Melamies, L. s. Kannisto, H. 692 Mackie, I. s. Whitfield, J. B. Marth, G. 763 722 Möller, P. s. Ebert, W. 657 873 Martin, G. s. Kapur, B. M. 724 Melnychuk, Jr., M. s. Buege, Mohr, K. s. Loof, I. 756 Madera-Orsini, F. 758 Martin, J. D. s. Hähnel, R. 688 J. A. 628 Mokhort, N. A. s. Grigorieva, Madreiter, H. s. Dworzak, E. Martin, R. s. Rotzsch, W. 820 Menibus, C.-H. de s. Mallet, E. A. S. 684 657 Martinazzo, G. s. Messeri, G. 760 Moksony, I. s. Feher, T. 665 Maeda, M. s. Kawasaki, T. 771 Menshikov, V. V. 770 Molinari, E. s. Wider, G. 873 727 Martinazzo, G. s. Pazzagli, M. Menzel, E. J. 771 Moller, R. s. Grimmer, I. 684 Maes, R. A. A. 574 798 Menzel, J. s. Both, W. 622 Molzer, B. 775 Maffei, C. s. Orlacchio, A. Marty, J. s. Henny, J. 572 Menzies, I. S. s. Mount, J. N. Momose, T. s. Naruse, H. 781 792, 793 Maruhn, D. 764 776 Moncada, R. s. Parvez, Z. 795, Magnani, H. N. 759 Maruhn, D. s. Paar, D. 794 Meryn, S. s. Francesconi, M. 796 Magour, S. s. Schramel, P. 830 Marx, J. J. M. s. Klein Gebbink, 17 Monnot, G. s. Genoux, P. 676 Maguire, J. s. Cronin, M. 642 J. A. G. 731 Messeri, G. 771 Montani, A. 775 Maguire, P. M. 230, 759 Mascini, M. 764 Messeri, G. s. Pazzagli, M. 798 Monte, A. s. Centofanti, J. 631 Maidanevich, N. N. s. Vol- Masek, K. 765 Messmore, H. L. s. Fareed, J. Moore, H. s. Nolph, K. 785 chenskova, I. I. 867 Masera, N. s. Piantanelli, L. 663 Mordasini, R. C. s. Riesen, W. Mairuhu, W. M. s. Ende, A. 801 Messmore, H. L. s. Parvez, Z. F. 814 van den 219 Mashiah, S. s. Goldman, B. 795, 796 Moreau, B.s. Gourmel, B. 682 Majkic-Singh, N. 759 584 Messmore, H. L. s. Walenga, J. Moreno, A. s. Malagon, R. Majunke, W. 231 MaSic, R. 765 868 760 Majuri, H. s Liewendahl, K. Massmann, W. 1039 Metwalli, A. s. Khayyal, M. T. Morgan, H. G. s. Smith, A. D. 753 Masson, P. 765 729 S. 842 XIX Morgant, G. s. Trabelsi, L. Musil, J. 779 Niwa, M. 785 Olsen, J. S. s. Gerhardt, W. 860 Muszbek, L. 780 Niwa, T. s. Nambara, T. 781 677 Mortagy, M. S. 776 Muszbek, L. s. Fesüs, L. 666 Nobutaka, I. s. Niwa, M. 785 Olson, J. E. s. Kane, L. N. 722 Mosca, A. s. Rovida, E. 820 Muszbek, L. s. Hfsfalvi, J. 693 Nolph, K. 785 Olufunwa, S. A. s. Taxlor, G. Moschella, A. s. Cronin, M. Noma, A. s. Kanai, A. 721 O. 858 642 Nachbaur, J. s. Dancia, J. L. Noma, A. s. Okabe, H. 788, Olze, W. s. Gross, J. 685 Moser, K. s. Francesconi, M. 644 789 Omiya, H. s. Ichino, M. 707 17 Näntö, V. s. Lövgren, T. 756 Nomoto, S. 560 O'Neill, S. P. s. Wu, J. W. 881 Moser, K. s. Spona, K. 845 Näveri, H. s. Härkönen, M. Normann, P. T. s. Ingebretsen, Ono, T. s. Kawaji, H. 727 Moshudis, E. s. Honig, W. 689 O. Chr. 708 Oon, C. J. 791 1057 Nafz. C. s. Weinstock, N. 871 Norr, A. s. Kägedal, B. 721 Oriente, P. 791, 792 Mostbeck, A. s. Köhn, H. 735 Nagasaka, H. s. Okabe, H. North, J. s. Chittenden, C. Orjasaeter, H. s. Carmann, H. Motokura, H. s. Uete, T. 145 789 637, 638 961 Mottaghy, K. 267 Nagy, E. s. Simon, G. 840 Notter, D. s. Galteau, M. M. Orlacchio, A. 792, 793 Moulopoulos, S. D. s. Adamo- Nagy, I. 780 570 Ortner, A s. Daxenbichler, G. poulos, G. D. 595 Nagy, I. s. Halmy, L. 690 Nousiainen, U. s. Hietanen, E. 647 Moulopoulos, S. s. Anastasiou- Nagy, I. s. Muszbek, L. 780 698 Osswald, H. F. s. Wuhrmann, Nana, M. 599 Naka, K. s. Okuda, K. 790 Nousiainen, TJ. s. Laitinen, M. H. R. 882 Moulopoulos, S. D. s. Levis, G. Nakagawa, H. 780 746 Oster, O. 233, 471, 793 M. 752 Nakamura, H. s. Kano, S. 723 Nowacki, G. 785 Oster, P. s. Riesen, W. F. 814 Mount, J. N. 776 Nakamura, R. M. s. Ritchie, R. Nowicki, P. s. Klos, M. 733 Osterthun, V. s. Haas, Th. 283 Mozere, G. s. Sternberg, M. F. 817 Nowotny, E. s. Nowotny, P. Otani, H. s. Ichino, M. 707 851 Nakamura, T. s. Igarashi, S. 786 O'Toole, A. s. Hill, P. G. 699 Müller, B. 231 707 Nowotny, P. 786 Ott, P. 793, 794 Müller, B. s. Chang, T. 634 Nambara, T. 781 Noyes, J. s. Wood, P. J. 879 Oules, R. s. Desch, G. 651 Müller, B. s. David, H. 645 Narayanan, S. s. Echemendia, Nozawa, Y. s. Iida, H. 707 Overzet, F. s. Zeeuw, R. A. de Müller, G. 776 E. 657 Nugel, E. s. Jung, K. 720 575 Müller, K.-H. s. Kleesiek, K. Narayanan, S. Sarkozi, L. 825 Nugel, E. s. Porstmann, B. 435 Oxley, D. K. 586 731 Naruse, H. 781 Nyäri, Zs. s. Simon, G. 840 Oza, N. B. 1033 Müller, M. s. Stein, W. 925 Navalesi, R. s. Giampietro, O. Ozawa, S. s. Ichino, M. 707 Müller, M. J. 777 678 Müller, M. J. s. Paschen, U. Navarro, J. s. Trabelsi, L. 860 Oates, M. D. G. s. Marple, J. 797 Navon, R. s. Goldman, B. 584 762 Paar, D. 794 Müller, M. M. 579, 777 Neat, M. s. Shaw, L. M. 835 O'Donnell, M. D. 786 Paar, D. s. Maruhn, D. 764 Müller, M. M. s. Ambrosch, F. Neels, H. 781 Öhman, S. s. Larsson, L. 747 Pacucci, M. W. 797 598 Nemesänszky, E. 782 Oehr, P. 592, 787 Pajdak, W. 794 Müller, M. M. s. Desser, H. Nemesänszky, E. s. Foo, A. Y. Oellerich, M. 447, 575 Pakarinen, A. 795 216 668 Oellerich, M. s. Braun, S. 911 Pala, A. s. Mascini, M. 764 Müller, M. M.s. Frass, M. 219, Nemeth-Csöka, M. 782 Oellerich, M. s. Külpmann, W. Palleschi, G. s. Mascini, M. 670 Nemeth-Csöka, M. s. Szabö, A. R. 249 764 Müller, M. M. s Kuzmits, R. 855 Oerlemans, F. T. J. J. 787 Palm, D. s. Hajdu, P. 690 229, 744 Neri, P. s. Botti, R. 623 Oeseburg, B. s. Zwart, A. 457 Patynyczko, Z. 798 Müller, M. M. s. Neumann, E. Neri, P. s. Tabacco, A. 856 Oette, K. s. Honig, W. 1057 Panday, V. K. s. Jathar, V. S. 782 Neumann, E. 782 Ogata, A. s. Hayashi, T. 695 715 Müller, M. M. s. Trombik, E. Neumann, R. s. Jung, K. 720 Ogawa, M. 787 Pao, G. s. Wood, P. J. 880 240 Neumann, S. 232 Ogawa, M. s. Kosaki, G. 737 Paolinelli, E. s. Piantanelli, L. Müller, N. s. Dick, W. 357 Neumann, V. s. Gross, J. 685 Ogris, E. s. Stanek, B. 846 801 Müller, O. A. s. Stalla, G. K. Neumeier, D. 232, 783 Ohki, K. s. Iida, H 707 Papachristou, E. s. Bouloukos, 427 Neville, A. M. 557 Ohkubo, T. s. Nambara, T. A. 623 Müller, P, s. Kühn, K. 550 Newcombe, R. G. s. Hillyard, 781 Papadimitriou, Th. s. Boulou• Müller, W. 778 J. W. 700 Ohkura, Y. s. Ueno, K. 861 kos, A. 623 Müller-Matthesius, R. 232 Newman, R. A. 552 Ohlendorf, S. s. Schmidt, F. W. Park, B. K. s. Gerber-Taras, E. Münch, R. 953 Nguyen, T. s. Warnick, G. R. 829 525 Muirhead, R. A. s. Briggs, C. J. 869 Ohlsson, P. s. Masson, P. 765 Parra, K. s. Rock, R. C. 818 627 Nguyen Dinh, F. s. Cynober, L. Ohnhaus, E. E. s. Gerber- Parry, C. 795 Mukojima, T. 778 643 Taras, E. 525 Parvez, Z. 795, 796 Mullin, J. 778 Nicholson, R. I. 565 Ohta, H. s. Nambara, T. 780 Parviainen, M. T. O. s. Penttilä, Munroe, A. J. 244 Niederau, C. M. 783 Ohtaki, S. s. Sato, S. 826 I. M. 799 Munsen, M. s. Derry, C. 649 Niederhoff, H. s. Lehnert, W. Ojala, K. 788 Paschen, U. 797 Munster, P. J. J. van s. Willems, 750 Ojwang, P. J. 788 Paschen, U. s. Müller, M. J. J. L. 243 Niehaus, W. G. s. Blomquist, Okabayashi, J. K. s. Yeager, E. 777 Münz, E. s. Jilek, F. 717 C. H. 139 P. 883 Passa, P. s. Gourmel, B. 682 Münz, E. s. Kessler, A.-Ch. Nielsen, P. V. s. Schultz-Larsen, Okabe, H. 788, 789 Passa, Ph. s. Guechot, J. 685 225, 728 P. 831 Okabe, H. s. Kanai, A. 721 Pasternack, A. s. Koivula, T. Münz, E. s. Markowetz, D. Nielsen-Kudsk, F. s. Klitgaard, Okada, T. s. Kanai, A. 721 736 231 N. A. 733 Okano, Y. s. Iida, H. 707 Pastor, C. s. Jimenez, C. V. Münz, E. s. Staber, G. 238, Nigam, S. 783 Okret, S. s. Gustafsson, J.-Ä. 717 846 Nishibe, H. 784 564 Patsch, J. R. 797 Muraitis-Schieren, I. s. Fröh• Nishikawa, T. 784 Okuda, J. 790 Patscheke, H. 798 lich, G. 588 Nishikaze, O. 784 Okuda, K. 790 Paul, F. s. Bleyl, H. 618 Murakawa, K. s. Kitamura, M. Nishimura, Y. s. Kanno, T. Olatunbosum, D. A. s. Adeniyi, Paunio, K. s. Virtanen, P. 867 730 723 F. A. 596 Pazzagli, M. 798 Murata, A. s. Kosaki, G. 737 Nissen, H. P. 785 Olczyk, K. s. Piwowarczyk, B. Pazzagli, M. s. Messeri, G. 771 Murty, N. K. 779 Nitsch, P. s. Bayer, P. M. 610 802 Pearson, K. W. s. Smith, R. E. Musil, F. 779 Niu-Fan, G. s. Biondi, P. A. Olivella, T. s. Gella, F. J. 675 238 616 XX Pedersen, K. E. s. Klitgaard, N. Poggas. N. 803 Quirös, A. s. Izquierdo, J. M. Reiner, G. s. Spona, J. 845 A. 733 Pohja, P. s. Hekali, R. 695 710 Reinosa, J. A. s. Orlacchio, A. Pellegrini, A. s. Piantanelli, L. Pointner, H. s. Gergely, Th. 793 801 677 Rabitzsch, G. 809 Rej, R. 811 Penberthy, L. A. s. Bowyer, R. Pointner, H. s. Laggner, A. Rademaker, J. A. F. M. s. Hel- Rej, R. s. Bretaudiere, J.-P. C. 624 745 bing, A. R. 223 626 Penberthy, L. A. s. Shephard, Pollak, A. s. Stanek, B. 846 Radosevic, A. s. Plavsic, F. 35 Remandet, B. s. Gouy, D. 682 M. D. S. 836 Ponder, N. s. Boone, D. J. 620 Radulescu, S. s. Zamfirescu- Renn, W. s. Bohner, J. 1021 Penn, R. s. Worthington, D. J. Poortman, J. s. Thijssen, J. H. Gheorghiu, M. 885 Repke, K. R. H. 552 880 H. 858 Raichvarg, D. 809 Reynolds, G. P. s. Riederer, P. Pentön, E. 799 Popovic, D. s. Masic, R. 765 Raichvarg, D. s. Tallet, F. 813 Penttilä, I. M. 799 Popovic, D. s. Tadej, D. 856 857 Reynoso, G. 811 Penttilä, I. M. s. Puhakainen, E. Popovici, M. s. Funduc, I. 673 Rainer, H. s. Spona, J. 845 Riad-Fahmy, D. 812 807 Poppe, H. s. Smedes, F. 841 Rak, K. s. Beck. P. 611 Ribeiro, G. G. s. Barnes, D. M. Perelmutter, L. s. McGeen, N. Poppe, W. A. 233 Ralet, Ph. G. F. A. H. 234 609 768 Porstmann, B. 435 Ramanathan, L. s. Sarkozi, L. Ribes, A. s. Maya, A. 767 Pergaminelis, F. s. Venge, P. Porstmann, T. s. Porstmann, B. 825 Riccio, A. s. Oriente, P. 792 864 435 Rambeck, B. s. Riedmann, M. Richardson, A. C. s. Yuen, Peri, M. D. M. s. Murty, N. K. Porz, P. s. Boss, N. 622 813 CT. 884 779 Posma, F. D. 209 Ramon, F. s. Jimenez, C. V. Richter, V. s. Rotzsch, W. 820 Perko, M. s. Koivula, T. 736 Posner, B. s. Crawhall, J. C. 717 Richter, W. O. 812 Perl, J. s. Whitfield, J. B. 873 641 Ramsey, R. B. s. Lovins, R. E. Richter, W. O. s. Schwandt, P. Perlstein, M. J. s. Rock, R. C. Postiglione, L. s. Oriente, P. 592 832 818 791, 792 Ramshabd, s. Rastogi, R. P. Richter, W. O. s. Weisweiler, P. Perlstein, M. T. 800 Poteczin, E. 804 810 872 Perotti, G. 800 Powell, L. M. s. Miller, W. K. Rand, R. N. s. Pascucci, M. W. Ricotta, M. s. Kubasik, N. P. Perotti, G. s. Vernocchi, A. 773 797 738 865 Powers, D. M. 804 Rand, R. N. s. Powers, D. M. Riebe, S. M. s. Wu, J. W. 881 Perry, J. F. s. Ito, R. 709 Powers, D. M. s. Slickers, K. A. 804 Riedel, H. s. Haeckel, R. 173 Perry, J. F. s. Walenga, J. 868 841 Rand, R. N. s. Slickers, K. A. Rieder, H. P. 813 Perry, J. F. s. Wehrly, J. A. Poynard, J. P. s. Maquart, F. X. 841 Riederer, P. 813 871 761 Randoux, A. s. Bisker, A. 617 Riedmann, M. 813 Persijn, J. P. s. Schardijn, G. H. Poznanski, N. 805 Randoux, A. s. Maquart, F. X. Riedmann, M. s. Zech, K. 886 C. 236 Poznanski, N. s. Poznanski, W. 761 Rieke, E. 814 Pertkiewicz, M. s. Kozakows- J. 804 Ranke, C. 809 Riemann, H.-H. s. Butte, W. ka, E. 737 Poznanski, W. J. 804 Ranny, M. s. Musil, J. 779 629 Petermann, H. 800 Poznanski, W. J. s. Poznanski, Rantanen, T. s. Penttilä, I. M. Riesen, W. F. 814 Petermann, H. s. Fischer, M. N. 805 799 Rigin, V. I. 815 667 Pragay, D. A. s. Biackwell, S. Rao, N. V. S. s. Murty, N. K. Rijke, D. de 815 Peters, J. s. Ziering, S. 886 617 779 Rijn, H. J. M. van 234 Petit, A. s. Lefevre, C. 750 Praill, P. F. G. s. Yuen, C. T. Rappoport, A. E. 810 Rijn, H. J. M. van s. Schrijver, Petres, B. 800 884 Rasmussen, J. s. Rosleff, F. J. 237 Petrov, A. s. Enev, N. 661 Prasad, A. s. Zygowicz, E. R. 819 Rinderknecht, H. 816 Pettersen, J. E. s. Borud, O. 887 Rastogi, R. P. 810 Rindfrey, H. 816 622 Precht, K. s. Jung, K. 719 Ratajczak, T. s. Hähnel, R. Rippey, J. H. s. Ritchie, R. F. Pettersen, J. E. s. Silsand, T. Prellwitz, W. 590 688 817 839 Prellwitz, W. s. Ehrenthal, W. Ratge, D. 234, 479 Ritchie, R. F. 817 Petterson, K. 801 218, 657, 658 Ratge, D. s. Diener, U. 217, Ritchie, R. F. s. Derry, C. K. Peyroux, J. s. Sternberg, M. Prellwitz, W. s. Oster, O. 233, 653 649, 650 851 793 Raunio, R. s. Lavi, J. 749 Ritter, Ch. s. Marsoner, H. J. Phillips, J. K. s. Davies, K. W. Price, C. P. 233, 805, 806 Raupach, R. s. Schmidt, F. W. 762 646 Price, C. P. s. Spencer, K. 844, 829 Roberts, N. B. 817 Phillips, R. I. s. Willard, R. E. 845 Raupach, R. s. Schmidt, E. Robertson, S. s. Sharp, A. M. 876 Price, R. G. s. Yuen, C. T. 884 829 835 Piantanelli, L. 801 Pristautz, H. 806 Rauscher, E. s. Ansorge, U. Robinson, J. D. 818 Picchi, M. P. s. Casini, A. 630 Pucino, A. s. Oriente, P. 792 213 Rochel, M. s. Ehrenthal, W. Piechota, W. s. Klos, M. 733 Puhakainen, E. 807 Read, G. F. s. Riad-Fahmy, D. 658 Pifer, J. s. Blackwell, S. 617 Puhakainen, E. s. Hietanen, E. 812 Rock, R. C. 818 Pilger, E. s. Pristautz, H. 806 698 Read, M. H. s. Feldmann, D. Rodatz, W. s. Staab, H. J. 339 Pilo, A. 801 Puschendorf, B. 807, 979 665 Rodez, M. de s. Desch, G. 651 Pilo, A. s. Giampietro, O. 678 Puukka, M. 808 Reddy, M. A. 810 Roeschlau, P. s. Jering, H. 717 Pimentel, A. 577 Puukka, M. s. Puukka, R. Rehbinder, D. 555 Roeschlau, P. s. Jilek, F. 224 Pinters, J. s. Marescau, B. 61 808 Reiber, H. s. Lange, P. 747 Roethig, H.-J. 819 Piro, M. A. s. Pilo, A. 801 Puukka, R. 808 Reid, K. B. M. s. Menzel, E. J. Roffhack, D. s. Kuschak, D. Piwowarczyk, B. 802 Puuka, R. s. Hekali, R. 695 771 743 Pizzolato, M. A. 802 Puuka, R. s. Puukka, M. 808 Reilly, C. P. s. Wellby, M. L. Roggi, C. s. Montani, A. 775 Place, M. s. Jaffray, P. 711 Puzanowska-Tarasiewicz, H. 872 Rogulski, J. 570 Plavsic, F. 35 808 Reimers, E. s. Delbrück, A. Röka, L. s. Bleyl, H. 618 Pledger, D. R. 803, 943 Puzanowska-Tarasiewicz, H. 931 Rokos, H. 191 Plischke, W. s. Thomas, L. 859 s. Tarasiewiecz, M. 858 Reinauer, H. s. Fleischhauer, Rombach, B. s. Petermann, H. Ploeg, P. van der s. Carmann, W. 667 800 H. 961 Reinauer, H. s. Kuschak, D. Rommelf, K. s. Blätzinger, J. Ploeg, P. H. W. van der s. Quabbe, H.-J. s. Diel, E. 99 742, 743 G. 265 Zwart, A. 457 Quereux, C. s. Maquart, F. X. Reinauer, H. s. Niederau, C. M. Roon-Djordjevic, B. van 235 Poenaru, L. 803 761 783 Roots, I. s. Nigam, S. 783 XXI Rosalki, S. B. s. Foo, A. Y. Salway, J. G. 571 Schlepper-Schäfer, J. s. Fried• Schulze, M. s. Horn, A. 702 668 Salway, J. G. s. Dawkins, S. J. rich, E. 672 Schumacher, K. s. Diener, U. Rosalki, S. B. s. Nemesänsky, 646 Schlimme, E. 55 653 E. 782 Samperi, R. s. Corcia, A. Di Schlumberger, H. s. Klose, S. Schumacher, O. P. s. Kumar, Roscher, A. 819 640 226, 733 M. S. 741 Rosdy, B. s. Laszlovsky, I. 747 Sande, M. van s. Neels, H. 781 Schlumberger, H. s. Siedel, J. Schutgens, R. B. H. 831 Rosenblatt, D. S. s. Harpey, Sanders, G. T. B. 700, 824 838 Schuurs, A. s. Hell, H. van 696 J. P. 692 Sanders, G. T. B. s. Schel• Schmid, R. s. Sieghart, W. 839 Schwab, H. s. Braun, S. L. 215 Rosleff, F. 819 lekens, A. P. M. 237 Schmidt, E. 829 Schwandt, P. 832 Ross, J. H. s. Atkin, G. E. 213 Sandulescu, S. s. Zamfirescu- Schmidt, E. s. Schmidt,, F. W. Schwandt, P. s. Richter, W. O. Rosseneu, M. s. Backer, G. De Gheorghiu, M. 885 829 812 605 Santen, R. J. s. Demers, L. M. Schmidt, F. W. 829 Schwandt, P. s. Weisweiler, P. - Rosseneu, M. s. Biervliet, J.-P. 649 Schmidt, F. W. s. Schmidt, E. 872 Van 615 Saphier, P. W. s. Fairney, A. 829 Schwartz, M. K. 557 Rosseneu, M. s. Verbruggen, R. 662 Schmidt, K. 829 Schwartz, S. s. Casdtellanos, J. 864 Saranko (Lindholm), A.-M. Schmidt, P. s. Endler, T. 660 M. 631 Rossi Bernardi, L. s. Rovida, E. 824 Schmidt, P. s. Fridrich, L. 672 Schwarz, S. 832 820 Särközi, A. s. Nemeth-Csöka, Schmidtberger, R. s. Dati, F. Schweiger, A. s. Harthus, H. P. Rotzsch, W. 820 M. 782 216 694 Rousselet, F. s. Bernat, J. 613 Sarkozi, L. 824, 825 Schmidtberger, R. s. Grenner, Schweitzer, J. B. s. Jarett, L. Rovida, E. 820 Sarlund, H. s. Puhakainen, E. G. 683 714 Rubin, M. 545, 560 807 Schneider, B. s. Feldmann, U. Schweriner, K. H. s. Kleine, T. Rudolph, W. s. Boss, N. 622 Sasaki, T. 825 121 O. 732 Rühling, K. s. Schauer, I. 827 Sasjegyi, J. s. Nagy, I. 780 Schneider, E. s. Diel, E. 99 Schwick, H. G. 591 Ruggieri, M. s. Centofanti, J. Sass, M. L. s. Storey, J. D. 852 Schneider, J. 539 Scott, J. E, 550 631 Saßmannshausen, J. 825 Schneider, J. s. Doss, M. 655 Scott, P. 833 Ruhenstroth-Bauer, G. s. Boss, Satani, M. s. Kadono, K. 721 Schneider, R. s. Centofanti, J. Scriba, P. C. s. Stalla, G. K. N. 622 Sato, S. 826 631 427 Ruhenstroth-Bauer, G. s. Sator, H. s. Neumeier, D. Schnelle, K. s. Hill, H. M. 699 Scriba, P. C. s. Wood, W. G. Fouad, M. E. 669 232, 783 Schönborn, I. s. Delbrück, A. 1051 Ruhenstroth-Bauer, G. s. Saunders, R. A. 826 931 Seamonds, B. s. Shaw, L. M. Goldberg, M. 680 Savory, J. 826 Schöneshöfer, M. 71, 75, 830 835 Ruiz Bedolla, E. 820, 821 Savory, J. s. Bruns, D. 628 Schoester, M. s. Lindemans, J. Sedläk, J. 833 Rukmini, N. 821 Savory, J. s. Wills, M. R. 877 230 Sedläkovä, J. s. Sedläk, J. 833 Rumpold, H. s. Ambrosch, F. Scarpa, R s. Oriente, P. 792 Schoettli, G. s. Rieder, H. P. Seed, J. R. s. Lovions, R. E. 598 Scawen, M. D. s. Price, C. P. 813 592 Ruokonen, A. 821 806 Scholda, G. S. Burger, H. 629 Segal, A. W. 551 Ruopuro, M.-L. s. Puhakainen, Schaar, H. s. Fink, P. C. 666 Scholer, A. s. Vonderschmitt, Seibert, G. 279 E. 807 Schade, J. H. 235, 236 D. 997 Seidel, D. 559 Russell, P. J. s. Wolf, P. L. Schajk, F. van 236 Schollberg, K. 830 Seidel, D. s. Cremer, P. 642 878 Schardijn, G. H. C. 236 Scholz, D. s. Jung, K. 719,720 Seidel, D. s. Wieland, H. 874 Russo, T. s. Colonna, A. 640 Schärpe, S. s. Neels, H. 781 Schorn, A. s. Ullner, W. 862 Seiffert, U. B. 41, 833 Ruzdic, I. s. Mikac-Devic 772 Schauenstein, E. s. Schaur, Schouten, T. J. s. Abreu, R. A. Seig, D. s. Lader, S. R. 745 Ryan, D. 822 R. J. 828 De 595 Seiler, E. s. Schollberg, K. 830 Ryan, E. D. 822 Schauer, I. 827 Schräm, E. 581 Seiler, H. s. Rieder, H. P. 813 Rybczynska, M. s. Chmiel, J. Schauer, U. s. Schauer, I. 827 Schramel, P. 830 Seitz, H. J. s. Müller, M. J. 638 Schaur, R. J. 828 Schreiber, G. s. Jung, K. 719, 777 Rybicki, Z. s. Klos, M. 733 Schech, D. W. 548 720 Seitz, H. J. s. Paschen, U. 797 Ryder, K. 822 Schedel, I. s. Fink, P. C. 666 Schreiber, M. s. Külpmann, W. Seitz, W. R. s. Cole, T. 639 Schefzig, B. s. Schöneshöfer, R. 740 Seitz, W. R. s. Mullin, J. 778 M. 75 Schreibmayer, W. s. Schaur, R. Sekadde-Kigondu, C. B. 834 Sabate, I. s. Jimenez, C. V. Schellekens, A. P. M. 237 J. 828 Sekine, T. s. Matsuzaki, H. 717 Schellenberg, R. 828 Schretlen, E. D. A. M. s. Ab• 767 Sabater, J. s. Maya, A. 767 Schelp, J. A. s. Kamp, G. J. van reu, R. A. De 595 Semmelrock, H.-J. s. Schaur, Sacks, H. s. Caroscio, J. T. 225 Schreurs, W. H. P. s. Schrijver, R. J. 828 630 Scherer, R. s. Gressner, A. M. J. 237 Seppälä, M. s. Huhtala, M.-L. Sadek, S. s. Mortagy, M. S. 221 Schreyer, D. s. Hansen, W. 39 705 776 Scheuer, P. J. s. Nemesänszky, Schriewer, H. s. Assmann, G. Serbource-Goguel, N. s. Bor• Sahlin, K. s. Chasiotis, D. 635 E. 782 1, 273 das, M. 621 Sahlin, K. s. Hultmann, E. 705 Scheuerbrandt, G. 828 Schrijver, J. 237 Serio, M. s. Messeri, G. 771 Saif, M. s. El-Hawary, M. F. S. Schievelbein, H. s. Boss, N. 622 Schrijver, J. s. Schajk, F. van Serio, M. s. Pazzagli, M. 798 659 Schijndel, B. C. van s. Bakker, 236 Serrani, R. E. s. Gioia, I. A. Saisy, R. s. Cynober, L. 643 J. P. 214 Schubert, K. s. Gielsdorf, W. 371 Saito, M. s. Ichino, M. 707 Schindler, J. s. Benyuska, S. 485 Setchell, K. s Adlercreutz, H. Saito, M. s. Nishikawa, T. 784 611 Schubert, R. s. Saßmanns• 597 Saito, Z. 823 Schindler, J. G. 49 hausen, J. 825 Setiakusuma, I. s. Henrichs, H. Salazar, R. s. Kumar, M. S. Schipkov, T. s. Maleev, A. 760 Schütze, R. H. s. Fleischhauer, R. 223 741 Schirmer, G. s. Schollberg, K. W. 667 Sevens, C. 834 Saleh, S. s. Abdel Khalek, A. 830 Schultze, K. D. s. Fink, P. C. Shaker, A. s. Mortagy, M. S. 593 Schläpfer, P. 351 666 776 Saleh, S. s. Khayyal, M. T. 729 Schlegel, G. s. Lüthgens, M. Schultz-Larsen, P. 831 Shaker, M. H. s. El-Hawary, M. Salgö, L. 823 757 Schulz, G. s. Rotzsch, W. 820 F. S. 659 Salo, E. J. 823 Schleicher, E. 81 Schulz, W. 1063 Shaker, Y. M. s. El-Hawary, M. Salvatore, F. s. Colonna, A. Schleicher, E. s. Woerd-de Schulze, J. s. Leonhardt, W. F. S. 659 640 Lange, J. A. van der 243 751 Shamberger, R. J. 835 XXII Sharp, A. M. 835 Smith, A. D. S. 842 Statius van Eps, C. L. s. Schar- Sun, L. s. Anderson, J. C. 599, Sharp, S. s. Baty, J . D. 609 Smith, G. F. W. 842 dijn, G. H. C. 236 600 Shaw, L. M. 835 Smith, I. E. s. Dowsett, M. 656 Statland, B. E. s. Ito, R. 709 Sun, L. s. Kaye, W. 727 Sheehan, M. 836 Smith, I. K. s. Stonard, M. D. Statland, B. E. s. Waienga, J. Sundaram, P. V. s. Hinsch, W. Shenkin, A. s. Smith, A. D. S. 852 868 307 842 Smith, R. E. 238 Stavljenic, A. 847, 848 Sunshine, I. 546, 576 Shephard, M. D. S. 836 Smith, R. M. s. Jarett, L. Stawiarska, B. 848 Surina, B. s. Tadej, D. 856 Sherlock, S. s. Nemesänszky, E. 714 Stecher, W. s. Schwarz, S. 832 Surmont, D. W. A. 854 782 Smolen, J. S. s. Menzel, E. J. Steffen, C. s. Borth, W. 622 Sutcliffe, C. H. s. Laing, I. 229 Sherwin, J. E. 836 771 Steffen, M. C. s. Kane, L. N. Sutherland, D. R. s. Newman, Sherwood, M. B. s. Mount, J. Snyder, B. D. s. Blomquist, C. 722 R. A. 552 N. 776 H. 139 Stein, E. A. 848 Suzuki, T. s. Matsuzaki, H. Shibata, H. s. Ichino, M. 707 Snyder, E. s. Wong, R. 879 Stein, E. A. s. Steiner, P. 850 767 Shideler, C. R. s. Wills, M. R. Snyder, L. R. 561 Stein, W. 239, 849, 925 Swarupini, R. s. Chandrask- 877 Sobecka, B. s. Klos, M. 733 Stein, W. s. Bohner, J. 619, haran, N. 633 Shihabi, Z. K. 837 Soederhuizen, W. s. Gebhardt, 1021 Swindell, A. C. s. Dooley, J. F. Shilling, J. S. s. Mount, J. N. D. O. E. 219 Steindel, S. J. 849 655 776 Sörbo, B. s. Larsson, L. 747 Steiner, P. M. 850 Sylvestre, E. A. 855 Shimada, K. s. Nambara, T. Sörbo, B. s. Märtensson, J. Steiner, V. s. Wenk, M. 873 Symonowicz, N. s. Klos, M. 781 763 Steinhart, R. s. Bohner, J. 619, 733 Shimada, M. s. Totani, M. 860 Sohnlein, B. s. Chen, I.-W. 1021 Szabö, A. 855 Shimizu, Y. s. Okabe, H. 789 635 Steinhart, R. s. Stein, W. 239, Szabö, L. s. Barabäs, K. 608 Shipe, J. R. s. Wills, M. R. 877 Sola, P. s. Mateo, J. 765 849,925 Szabö, L. s. Matkovics, B. 766 Shirane, H. s. Naruse, H. 781 Sole, P. de 843 Steinmaus, H. s. Rokos, H. Szabö, L. s. Szönyi, L. 856 Shrawder, E. J. 837 Solomon, J. s. Ito, R. 709 191 Szabö,M. T. 855 Shulman, G. 838 Solomon, J. s. Waienga, J. 868 Steirteghem, A. C. Van 850 Szabö, T. s. Fesüs, L. 666 Siddiqui, L. W. 838 Solomon, G. s. Forman, D. T. Stenman, U.-H. 851 Szekeres, G. s. Kleiber, M. A. Sieck, R. s. Bauer, H.-W. 587 669 Stenman, U.-B. s. Huhtala, M.- 731 Sieck, R. s. Fröhlich, G. 588 Soltesz, Gy. s. Klujber, L. 733 L. 705 Szilagyi, G. s. Karmen, A. 725 Siede, W. H. s. Seiffert, U. B. Somer, H. 843 Stephan, W. 239 Sznajd, J. s. Czajkowska, B. 833 Sommer, R. s. Hohenwallner, Stephenson, J. R. s. Hamble- 643 Siedel, J. 838 W. 701 ton, P. 691 Sznajd, J. s. Miszczuk-Jamska, Siefring, Jr., G. E. 839 Sommer, R. s. Ullner, W. 862 Sternberg, M. 851 B. 774 Siefring, Jr., G. E. s. Wehrly, J. Somos, S. 843 Stinshoff, K. s. Knedel, M. 734 Sznajd, J. s. Nowacki, G. 785 A. 871 Soons, J. B. J. s. van Wilgen- Stojanov, M. s. Majkic-Singh, Szönyi, L. 856 Sieghart, W. 839 burg, M. G. M. 301 N. 759 Szymarisky, A. s. Jazdzewski, Siepen, D. 238 Sotorrio, P. s. Izquierdo, J. M. Stokke, O. 851 B. 716 Siest, G. 569 710 Stonard, M. D. 852 Siest, G. s. Boutin, J. A. 624 Spaethe, R. s. Danninger, J. Storey, J. D. 852 Siest, G. s. Galteau, M. M. 570 644 Storz, G. s. Thomas, L. 859 Taba, S. s. Hayashi, T. 695 Siest, G. s. Henny, J. 572 Spanö, A. s. Oriente, P. 791, Stratton, C. J. 852 Tabacco, A. 856 Sijben, N. s. Hoes, M. J. A. J. 792 Straub, J. P. 853 Tabuteau, F. s. Launay, J. M. M. 259 Sparks, J. C. 844 Straub, J. P. s. Kuizenga, A. 748 Silsand, T. 839 Spasic, S. s. Majkic-Singh, N. 228 Tadej, D. 856 Silvestri, P. s. Orlacchio, A. 759 Straus, B. s. Cepelak, I. 632 Takagi, K. s. Itoh, Y. 709 792 Speek, A. J. s. Schajk, F. van Strobl, W. s. Widhalm, K. 874 Takagi, Y. s. Ishii, T. 708 Simmer, H. H. 497 236 Ströbel, R. s. Würzburg, U. Takahashi, N. s. Nishibe, H. Simon, G. 840 Speek, A. J. s. Schrijver, J. 237 543 784 Singh, P. s. Wong, R. 879 Spencer, K. 844, 845 Strömberg, P. s. Pledger, D. R. Takeda, F. s. Baba, S. 605 Singh, R. s. Oon, C. J. 791 Spencer, K. s. Price, C. P. 233, 943 Takeda, R. s. Saito, Z. 823 Sippell, W. s. Dörner, K. 967 805 Strosberg, A. D. s. Vauquelin, Takenouchi, T. s. Naruse, H. Sirick, Z. s. Waron, M. 870 Spencer, K. s. Wood, P. J. 879 G. 863 781 Sjödahl, R. s. Märtensson, J. Sperling, M. s. Chen, I.-W. Struck, H. s. Dombrowa, B. Takeuchi, T. s. Nishibe, H. 784 763 636 654 Takeyasu, A. s. Sato, S. 826 Sjöholm, J. s. Hultman, E. 705 Sperling, M.s. Stein, E.A. 848 Strutz, W. s. Marsoner, H. J. Takita, H. s. Nishikaze, O. 784 Sjöström, G. s. Brandt, R. 624 Spierenburg, G. Th. s. Laar• 762 Talafant, E. 155 Skillen, A. W. 840 hoven, J. P. R. M. van 744 Stuart, J. R. s. Ryder, K. 822 Taller, M. s. Fröhlich, J. 672 Skinner, L. B. s. Barnes, D. M. Spona, J. 845 Stuhlsatz, H. W. s. Gressner, A. Tallet, F. 857 609 Squire, C. R. 846 M. 221 Talmadge, K. W. 566 Skfodowska, M. s. Jazdzewski, Staab, H. J. 339 Sturm, G. 853 Tamacku, K. s. Ueno, K. 861 B. 716 Staab, H. J. s. Carmann, H. Sturm, G. s. Loof, I. 756 Tamm, J. 291 Skopec, M. s. Wyklicky, H. 961 Suarez, A. s. Garcia-Barreno, Tanaka, S. s. Kosaki, G. 737 ^ 563 Staber, G. 238, 846 P. 675 Tanishima, K. Matsuki, T. 766 Skrabalo, Z. s. Stavljenic, A. Stabilini, R. s. Annoni, G. 601 Suba, K. s. Benyuska, S. 611 Taniuchi, K. 857 848 Stählberg, T. s. Lavi, J. 749 Suchanek, E. 853 Tanswell, P. 240 Skrede, S. s. Aaseth, J. 593 Stalla, G. K. 427 Suchanek, E. s. Jagic, V. 711 Tarasiewiecz,, M. 858 Skude, G. 840 Stamm, D. 553 Sudhoff, H. s. Weisshaar, H.-D. Tarasiewicz, M. s. Puzanowska- Slickers, K. A. 841 Stanek, B. 846 871 Tarasiewicz, H. 808 Slypere, J. P. De s. Backer, G. Stanek, G. s. Graninger, W. Sudo, K. s. Kanno, T. 723 Tarli, P. s. Botti, R. 623 De 605 587 Süss, R. s. Friedrich, E. 672 Tarli, P. s. Tabacco, A. 856 Smedes, F. 841 Stankovic, V. s. Petres, B. 800 Sugimori, T. s. Taniuchi, K. Tatra, G. 591 Smeets, J. P. s. Chapelle, J. P. Stanley, P. E. 582 857 Taylor, G. O. 858 634 Starmer, G. s. Whitfield, J. B. Sugita, O. s. Yakata, M. 882 Taylor, J. s. Barnes, D. M. 609 Smit, E. M. 841 873 Sugiyama, M. 854 Taylor, M. L. s. Stonard, M. D. Smit, E. M. s. Dols, J. L. S. Stathaki, S. 847 Suminoe, K. s. Baba, S. 605 852 218 XXIII Taylor, W. H. s. Roberts, N. B. Trepanier, J. s. Godolphin, W. Varkarakis, M. C. s. Jockers- Vuorenkoski, V. s. Pakarinen, 817 680 Wretou, E. 718 A. 795 Teasdale, C. s. Hillyard, J. W. Trijbels, J. M. F. s. Willems, Vauquelin, G. 863 Vycudilik, W. 576 700 J. L. 877 Venge, P. 864 Teh-Hui, C. s. Ching-Shan, H. Tripodi, A. s. Annoni, G. 601 Verbruggen, R. 864 Wächter, Chr. s. Wood, W. G. 636 Tritschler, W. s. Hesse, R. 223 Vereb, Gy. s. Rabitzsch, G. 1051 Teijema, H. L. 240 Tritschler, W. s. Witt, I. 877 809 Wächter, H. s. Bichler, A. 615 Telkes, B. s. Endler, T. 660 Trombik, E. 240 Verhagen, J. A. A. s. Willems, Wächter, H. s. Hausen, A. Terheggen, H. G. s. Marescau, Trombik, E. s. Frass, M. 219 J. L. 243 375, 694 B. 61 Troupel, S. s. Harpey, J. P. Verhoef, N. J. 241 Wadman, S. K. 578 Termote, D. E. s. Martens, F. 692 Verkerk, R. s. Neels, H. 781 Wagner, H. s. Braun, S. 911 K. 763 Trübsbach, A. s. Jaroß, W. Vermeulen, A. s. Backer, G. Wahba, W. A. 574 Terpstra, I. s. Bakker, A. J. 715 De 605 Waheed, I. s. Poznanski, N. 347 Tryding, N. 571 Vermeulen, A. s. Surmont, D. 805 Terpstra, J. H. s. Bakker, A. J. Tsai-Yen, C. s. Ching-Shan, H. W. A. 854 Wahl, P. s. Maquart, F. X. 761 608 636 Vermorken, A. J. M. 865 Wahlefeld, A. W. s. Siedel, J. Teyssier, J. R. s. Maquart, F. X. Tsubota, N. s. Miyai, K. 556 Vermousek, I. 865 838 761 Tsuchida, T. 861 Vernocchi, A. 865 Wakiya, Y. s. Okabe, H. 789 Theunissen, H. s. Hell, H. van Tsuji, A. s. Kawasaki, T. 727 Vernocchi, A. s. Perotti, G. Wal, Sj. van der s. Snyder, L. R. 696 Tsuji, A. s. Naruse, H. 781 800 561 Thevenin, M. s. Beyne, P. 614 Tsukada, K. s. Nishibe, H. 784 Verwilghen, R. L. s. Bevere, Walash, M. I. s. El-Kerdawy, Theys, M. s. Sevens, C. 834 Tsukada, Y. s. Taniuchi, K. V. O. de 614 M. M. 659 Thielemann, F. W. s. Schmidt, 857 Vesterberg, O. 866 Walb, D. s. Thomas, L. 203 K. 829 Tsunemoto, M. s. Totani, M. Vickers, S. E. s. Mount, J. N. Waldhäusl, W. s. Nowotny, P. Thielmann, K. s. Schauer, I. 860 776 786 827 Tüngler, P. s. Müller, B. 231 Vierhapper, H. s. Nowotny, P. Waldhäusl, W. s. Stanek, B. Thijssen, J. H. H. 858 Tuggey, R. s. Reynoso, G. 811 786 846 Thijssen, J. H. H. s. Rijn, H. J. Tuominen, K. I. s. Salo, E. J. Vihko, P. 866 Walenga, J. 868 M. van 234 823 Vihko, R. s. Jänne, O. 564 Walenga, J. s. Ito, R. 709 Thoannes, H. s. Bisker, A. 617 Tuominen, M. s. Puukka, R. Vihko, R. s. Ruokonen, A. Walenga, J. M. s. Fareed, J. Thoma, J. s. Kutter, D. 228 808 821 663 Thomas, D. W. s. Bowyer, R. Turcsanyi, L. s. Sedläk, J. 833 Vijayalakshmi, M. s. Reddy, Walker, R. F. s. Riad-Fahmy, C. 624 Turner, G. A. s. Skillen, A. W. M. A. 810 D. 812 Thomas, L. 203, 859 840 Vilette, J. M. s. Guechot, J. Walker, W. H. C. s. Ryan, E. Thomassen, Y. s. Aaseth, J. Turtle, J. R. s. Sharp, A. M. 685 D. 822 593 835 Villars, R. s. Atkin, G. E. 213 Walle, A. J. s. Butte, W. 629 Thompson, R. J. s. Price, C. P. Tuynman, F. H. B. s. Posma, Villette, M. s. Gourmel, B. Wallmüller-Strycker, A. s. 806 F. D. 209 682 Henze, K. 1013 Thornton, W. E. s. Schellekens, Twadole, E. s. Hähnel, R. 688 Vinaimont, N. s. Biervliet, J.-P. Wallraff, P. s. Gressner, A. M. A. P. M. 237 Tzvetanova, E. 861 Van 615 221 Thygesen, K. 859 Vinaimont, N. s. Verbruggen, Walmsley, N. 869 Thygesen, K. s. Blaabjerg, O. R. 864 Walt, L. A. van der 869 Uchida, Y. s. Taniuchi, K. 857 617 Vinet, M.-C. s. Poenaru, L. Walther, A. s. Riesen, W. F. Uenishi, N. s. Uete, T. 145 Tiilikainen, A. s. Ruokonen, 803 814 Ueno, K. 861 A. 821 Vink, C. L. J. s. Vader, H. L. Walton, I. s. Laing, I. 229 Uenoyama, R. s. Baba, S. 605 Tilian, H. M. s. Schaur, R. J. 241 Warnick, G. R. 869 Uete, T. 145 828 Virtanen, P. 867 Waron, M. 870 Uihlein, M. 861 Ting, W.-K.s. Hsiao, K.-J. 704 Visek, V. s. Musil, J. 779 Wassen, A. s. Abrahamsson, L. Uihlein, M. s. Hajdu, P. 690 Tiselius, H.-G. s. Larsson, L. Vladescu, C. 867 594 Uji, Y. s. Okabe, H. 788 747 Voges, S. s. Assel, H. 603 Watanabe, F. s. Miyai, K. 556 Uldall, A. 862 Toffel-Nadolny, P. s. Gielsdorf, Vogt, W. 241 Watanabe, K. s. Okabe, H. Ulitzur, S. 582 W. 25 Vogt, W. s. Braun, s. 911 789 Uliner, W. 862 Tognoni, G. s. Bonati, M. 569 Vogt, W. s. Braun, S. L. 215 Watanabe, S. s. Igarashi, S. Ungar, Woran, H. s. Waron, M. Toifl, K. s. Frass, M. 670 Vogt, W. s. Jacob, K. 224 707 870 Toifl, K. s. Molzer, B. 775 Vogt, W. s. Meyer, H. D. 771 Watanabe, T. s. Matsubara, J. Upadhyay, B. M. s. Rastogi, R. Tokunaga, K. s. Kubo, H. 739 Volchenskova, I. I. 867 766 P. 810 Tomassetti, M. s. Campanella, Volini, I. s. Madera-Orsini, F. Watkins, G. L. s. Hillyard, J. Uppa, H. s. Harmoinen, A. L. 629 758 W. 700 692 Tomaszewski. J. J. 859 Volkwein, U. s. Tamm, J. 291 Watkins, G. L. s. Keyser, J. W. Urzua-Leos, M. s. Gutierrez- Tomaszewski, L. s. Lisowska- Volle, Ch. s. Chen, I.-W. 635 728 Hidalgo, E. 687 Myjak, B. 754 Volonakis, M. s. Bouloukos, A. Watkinson, L. s. Walmsley, N. Uthemann, H. 13 Tomita, K. s. Mukojima, T. 623 869 Uzawa, R. s. Ishii, T. 708 778 Vonderschmitt, D. 997 Watteroldt, U. s. Majunde, W. Torchia, A. J. s. Dooley, J. F. Vonderschmitt, D. J. s. Kunz, 231 655 Vaan, G. A. M. de s. Abreu, P. A. 741 Waud, J. M. s. Chan, D. W. Tornout, P. Van s. Verbruggen, R. A. de 595 Vormbrock, R. 867, 868 632 R. 864 Vader, H. L. 241 Vormum, G. s. Bölke, L. 195 Wawschinek, O. 541 Toss, G. s. Kägedal, B. 721 Vadgama, P. 863 Vorwood, M. s. Hillyard, J. W. Wdzieczack. J. s. Barabäs, K. Totani, M. 860 Valdiguie, P. 572 700 608 Touam, M. s. Parry, C. 795 Valentekovich, M. N. s. Vrhovac, B. s. Plavsic, F. 35 Weatherburn, M. W. 870 Tovärek, J. s. Talafant, E. 155 Yeager, E. P. 883 Vuento, M. s. Stenman, U.-H. Weber, B. s. Schöneshöfer, M. Toyka, K. V. s Kuschak, D. Valenzuela, R. s. Gupta, S. K. 851 75 Trabelsi, L. 860 686 Vuorenkoski, L. s. Pakarinen, Weber, T. H. s. Ojala, J. 788 Trautschold, I. s. Haas, Th. Varga, Sz. I. s. Barabäs, K. A. 795 Webster, D. J. T. s. Hillyard, 283 608 J. W. 700 XXIV Wegmann, R. s. Gergely, Th. Wieland, H. 874 Witzgall, H. 387 Yoda, K. s. Tsuchida, T. 861 677 Wieland, H. s. Cremer, P. 642 Woerd-de Lange, J. A. Van der Yokoyama, M. s. Hiwada, K. Wehrly, J. A. 871 Wieland, O. H. s. Schleicher, 243 700 Wehrly, J. A. s. Ito, R. 709 E. 81 Wognum, P. J. s. Schutgens, R. Yoneyama, Y. s. Matsuki, T. Wehrly, J. A. s. Siefring, Jr., Wieland, O. H. s. Woerd-de B. H. 831 766 G. E. 839 Lange, J. A. Van der 243 Wöjcik-Musialek, K. s. Kraw- Yoshida, M. 883 Wehrly, J. A. s. Waienga, J. Wiener, H. M. 875 czyfiska, H. 738 Young, D. S. 572 868 Wiesmann, U. N. 579 Wolf, P. L. 878 Yuen, C. T. 884 Weicker, H. s. Feraudi, M. Wijk, E. M. van 242 Wolfram, G. s. Henze, K. 1013 666 Wilde, C. E. 243, 875 Wölls, M. R. s. Savory, J. 826 Zak, B. s. McGowan, M. W. Weigel, W. s. Weinstock, N. Wilding, P. 876 Wombacher, H. s. Münch, R. 769 871 Wilgenburg, M. G. M. van 301 953 Zakhariev, N. K. 884 Weijers, R. N. M. 242 Wilhelm, S. s. Braun, S. L. 215 Wong, R. 879 Zaki, A. 884 Weill, J. s. Schellenberg, F. Wilke, W. s. Schollberg, K. Wong, J. s. Wood, P. J. 880 Zaki, A. M. s. Zaki, A. 884 828 830 Woloszczuk, W. 879 Zäkovä, L. s. Hyänek, J. 706 Weinberg, D. s. Kohan, A. L. Wilkes, B. s. Wilding, P. 876 Wolthers, B. G. s. Keyzer, J. J. Zamfirescu-Gheorghiu, M. 735 Wilkins, T. A. s. Smith, G. F. 226 885 Weinstock, N. 242, 871 W. 842 Wood, P. J. 879, 880 Zamfirescu-Gheorghiu, M. s. Weise, M. s. Cremer, P. 642 Wilkinson, P. s. Hähnel, R. Wood, W. G. 547, 1051 Vladescu, C. 867 Weise, M. s. Schlimme, E. 55 688 Wood, W. G. s. Stalla, G. K. Zanotti-Cavazzoni, J. C. 885 Weisner, B. s. Kauerz, U. 726 Will, H. s. Lakomek, H. J. 746 427 Zanotti-Cavazzoni, V. E. s. Weiss, P. s. Daxenbichler, G. Willamowski, K.-D. s. Weiss• Worthington, D. J. 880 Zanotti-Cavazzoni, J. C. 647 haar, H.-D. 871 Wozniak, K. 881 885 Weiss, S. s. Anaokar, S. 599 Willard, R. E. 876 Wränge, Ö. s. Gustafsson, J.-A. Zanten, A. P. van 244 Weissert, M. s. Weinstock, N. Willard, R. E. s. Hebert, S. 564 Zanten, A. P. van s. Dols, J. L. 871 695 Wright, J. s. Wood, P. J. 880 S. 218 Weisshaar, H.-D. 871 Willems, J. L. 243, 877 Wu, J. W. 881 Zanten, A. P. van s. Ende, A. Weisweiler, P. 872 Willershausen, W. s. Müller- Wu, T. W. 881 van der 219 Weisweiler, P. s. Richter, W. O. Matthesius, R. 232 Würzburg, U. 543 Zappa, G. s. Biancifiori, M. 812 Williams, D. C. s. Govinda Würzburg, U. s. Bohner, J. A. 615 Wellby, M. L. 872 Malya, P. A. 682 619 Zazgornik, J. s. Endler, T. Welsch, G. s. Seiffert, U. B. Willis, F. M. s. Johnson, P. E. Würzburg, U. s. Rieke, E. 814 660 833 718 Würzburg, U. s. Rindfrey, H. Zazgornik, J. s. Fridrich, L. Wenk, M. 873 Willis, R. G. s. Baty, J. D. 610 816 672 Wenk, M. s. Ha, H. R. 687 Willox, J. s. McAllister, E. J. Wuhrmann, H. R. 882 Zech, H. s. Daxenbichler, G. Wensley, M. s. Flores, O. B. 767 Wustrow, A. s. Oehr, P. 592 647 668 Wills, M. R. 877 Wyatt, A. J. s. Brass, D. A. Zech, K. 885, 886 Werkman, E. M. A. s. Wilgen- Willson, V. s. Price, C. P. 806 624 Zechner, R. s. Dieplinger, H. burg, M. G. M. van 301 Wilson, E. L. s. Shihabi, Z. K. Wyklicky, H. 563 653 Werner, M. 584 837 Wyss, Sonja R. s. Aebi, H. 567 Zeeuw, R. A. de 575 Wernze, W. s. Müller, G. 776 Wimmer, E. s. Hohenwallner, Zeugner, S. s. Kupke, I. R. Wessel, V. s. Maruhn, D. 764 W. 701 Yahata, M. s. Miyai, K. 556 742 Weterings, P. J. J. M. s. Ver- Wimmer, E. s. Ullner, W. 862 Yahr, M. s. Caroscio, J. T. 630 Ziegenhorn, J. s. Siedel, J. 838 morken, A. J. M. 865 Winckelmann, M. s. Thomas, Yakata, M. 882 Ziering, S. 886 White, F. C. s. Wolf, P. L. 878 L. 203 Yamada, S. s. Yoshida, M. 883 Ziering, S. s. El Shami, A. S. Whitehead, T. P. 565, 573 Wippermann, B. s. Bojanovski, Yamaguchi, H. s. Kitamura, M. 659 Whitehead, T. P. s. Hill, P. G. D. 620 730 Zijlstra, W. G. s. Kampen, E. J. 699 Wisser, H. 323 Yamaguchi, N. s. Taniuchi, K. van 517,521 Whitfield, J. B. 873 Wisser, H. s. Bauersfeld, W. 857 Zijlstra, W. G. s. Zwart, A. Wiblin, C. s. Hambleton, P. 214 Yamamoto, T. s. Ogawa, M. 457 691 Wisser, H. s. Diener, U. 217, 787 Zöllner, N. s. Henze, K. 1013 Wiehert, P. von 548 653 Yamamoto, T. s. Okabe, H. Zolesi, R. s. Mascini, M. 764 Wiehert, P. von s. Meyer, W. Wisser, H. s. Knoll, E. 227, 789 Zucchelli, G. C. s. Pilo, A. 801 771 734 Yamazaki, K. s. Okuda, K. Zwart, A. 457 Widdop, B. 575 Wisser, H. s. Ratge, D. 234, 790 Zweens, J. 919 Wider, G. 873 479 Yang, C.-F. s. Hsiao, K.-J. 704 Zweig, M. H. s. Steirteghem, Wider, G. s. Burger, H. 629 Wistedt, B. s. Levin, K. 751 Yang, N. s. Shaw, L. M. 835 A. C. Van 850 Wider, G. s. Köhn, H. 735 Withworth, A. S. s. Smith, G. Yap, A. 882 Zygmunt, S. 886 Widhalm, K. 874 F. W. 842 Yap, A. s. Fish, R. G. 667 Zygowicz, E. R. 887 Wiederholt, R. s. Henrichs, H. Witt, I. 877 Yaron, A. s. Fleminger, G. Zyman, H. s. Endler, A. T. 660 R. 223 Wittevrongel, C. s. Janssens, J. 667 Wiedermann, G. s. Ambrosch, Ph. 713 Yatsimirskii, K. B. s. Grigo- F. 598 Wittliff, J. H. 564 rieva, A. S. 684 Wiegerinck, M. A. H. M. s. Wittliff, J. L. s. Kane, L. N. Yeager, E. P. 883 Thijssen, J. H. H. 858 722 Yo, S. L. s. Oon, C. J. 791 XXV Subject Index/Sachregister absorbance additives alcohol amikacin -, haemoglobin 521 -, test kits 625 —, enzymes -, HPLC 739 -, high 727 —, phosphatase, alkaline —, metabilizing 179 amiodaron —, spectrophotometry 727 625 —, intoxication 740 -, plasma 599, 752 —, molar lineic 457, 521 adenosine —, antitrypsin 740 —, HPLC 599 —, haemoglobin derivatives -, metabolisms 670 , serum 740 amniotic fluid 457 —, erythrocytes 670 —, metabolic response 873 —, carcinoembryonic antigen —, penicillin mercaptides 953 —, platinum complexes 867 —, to exercise 873 787 —, with /?-chloromercuri- adenine -, metabolism 179 —, a-foetoprotein 787 benzoate 953 —, metabolisms 670 —, modulation 880 —, a-glucosidase 803 absorption —, erythrocytes 670 —, second messenger lecithin 225, 728 -, galactose 621 —, platinum complexes 867 systems 880 —, determination 225, 728 —, after oral administration adipocytes —, sensitivity 179 , enzymatic 225, 728 621 —, lipolysis 812 alcohol dehydrogenase -, lecithin/sphingomyelin absorption coefficient ADP -, polymorphism 179 ratio 219, 807 —, haemiglobin cyanide 1209 —, erythrocyte 733 alcoholism 179 -, phosphatidylglycerol 807 absorption spectra 521 adrenal gland -, y-glutamyltransferase 689 -, phospholipids 223 -, haemoglobin 521 -, function 479, 804 aldehyde dehydrogenase —, choline containing 223 —, derivatives 521 —, catecholamines 479 —, immobilised 307 -, phospholipids, insoluble absorption spectrum , circadian rhythm 479 —, polymorphism 179 219 -, ambilhar 21 adrenaline aldehyde reductase -, proteolytic activity 810 ambilhar lead complexes -, glycogen metabolism 635 -, diabetes 641 —, C-reactive protein 760 21 -, serum 323 aldosterone —, diabetes 760 —, o-dianisidine 435 —, circadian rhythm 323 -, plasma 387 , prediction value 760 -, doxylamine 485 —, urine 323 —, radioimmunoassay 387 -, steroids 665 —, haemoglobin derivatives —, circadian rhythm alloxan 669 —, surface tension 267 457 adrenals allylisopropylacetamid —, Tennessee antigen 787 ABTS -, hyperplasia 665 -, porphyria 757 -, tissue polypeptide antigen -, uric acid 759 —, congenital 665 aluminium 233 787 —, serum 759 ß-adrenergic receptors —, serum ammonia ACA 773, 822 —, thyroidectomy 801 —, atomic absorption spec• -, production 674 accuracy adrenoleukodystrophy trometry —, in samples 674 -, calcium analysis 395, 413 -, fatty acids 775 -, uptake 826 AMP -, SDI chart 785 age dependency —, haemodialysis 826 -, erythrocyte 733 acebutolol a-amylase 735 a-amanitin amperometry -, plasma 682 —, serum 735 -, liver injury 680 -, Cholinesterase 702 acetate -, cholesterol 1013 ambilhar amylase -, incorporation 651 —, serum 1013 -, lead 21 -, assay 708, 772, 808 —, into cholesterol 651 -, triglycerides 1013 —, excretion 21 —, glucose, interference , haemodialysis 651 —, serum 1013 —, mobilisation 21 772 N-a-acetylarginine -, lipase 735 amino acids —, maltopentaose 708 -, urine 65 —, serum 735 -, blood 767 --, UV 644 acetylcholinesterase —, ribonuclease 17 -, branched 828 -, control material 697 —, erythrocyte membrane —, serum 17 —, nitrogen metabolism —, duodenal juice 1057 818 —, ribonucleosides 55 828 —, method comparison —, Duchenne muscular —, urine 55 -, plasma 643, 698, 1193 1057 dystrophy 818 -, trypsin 735 —, burn disease 643 —, Polarimetrie assay 1057 N-acetyl-ß-D-glucosaminidase —, serum 735 —, low caloric diet 698 -, inhibitor 854 —, isoenzymes 730 alanine —, storage 1193 —, immunoglobulins 618 -, kidney 1132 -, plasma 1194 -, urine 643 —, iodine test 799 -, serum 792, 793 alanine aminotransferase —, burn disease 643 -, isoenzymes 218, 231, 711, —, diabetes 792, 793 -, methodology 218, 231, 2-aminobytyrate 768, 787, 815, 840, 847 -, urine 884, 1132 244 -, oxidation 622 —, ovary cancer 815 N-acetylneuraminic acid albumin —, skin fibroblasts 622 —, pancreatitis 815, 847 -, glycoproteins 31 -, bromcresolgreen reaction -, plasma 1194 —, serum 768 —, determination 31 169, 686, 839 aminoglutethimide —, kinetic assay 616 , micromethod 31 -, cerebrospinal fluid 823 -, breast cancer 656 —, macro forms 238, 618 acetyl pyridine adenine dinu- —, immunoturbidimetry aminoglycosides —, Michaelis constant 238 cleotide 877 823 —, fluoroimmunoassay 244 —, /?-nitrophenylmaltosides N-acetyl-L-thyroxine 191 —, multiple sclerosis 630 p-aminohippuric acid 634, 645 acid-base metabolism 903 -, nephelometry 614 -, clearance 710 —, quality control 786 a i-acid glycoprotein -, serum 728, 797, 841 6-aminolaevulinate dehy• -, serum 735, 871 -, sialylation 621 —, EKTACHEM procedure dratase —, age dependence 735 —, cirrhotic sera 621 841 -, thrombocytes 740 —, reference values 871 acids 224 —, method comparison 797 aminopeptidase B urine 688, 871, 1057 —, organic —, urine 614 -, substrates 667 —, method comparison —, profiling albuminaemia aminopeptidase M 1057 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia -, double, fast type 882 -, renal cell carcinoma —, Polarimetrie assay —, nucleotides 595 alcohol 700 1057 acute phase proteins 1201 -, abuse 828 aminotransferases —, reference values 871 acyl-CoA —, markers 828 -, erythrocytes 719 , test strip 688 -, HPLC 664 -, enzymes 179 -, serum 719 —, maltopentaose 708 XXVI anaemia ai-antitrypsin aspartate aminotransferase bile acids -, pregnancy 633 —, serum 652 methodology 218, 231, -, jejuno-ileal by-pass 601 anaesthesia —, complexed form 754 244 —, serum 605, 760 -, peridural 651 , serum 794 -, mitochondrial 699 —, liver diseases 760 —, lidocaine 651 -, serum 740 —, liver diseases 699 —, thin layer chromatography , plasma 651 —, alcohol intoxication 740 —, urine 1132 603 analyser —, sialylation 621 asphyxia bile duct OLLI CD 1027 , cirrhotic sera 621 —, enzymes 878 -, ligation 709 —, evaluation 1027 APAD+ —, serum 878 bile salts -, KONECD 1027 -, lactate assay 877 assigned values 1137, 1145, -, heart cells 619 —, evaluation 1027 apolipoprotein A 1153,1167 —, function 619 analytical performance 875 —, nephelometry 698 -, establishment 1137, 1145, bilin 43 androgens apolipoprotein AI 1153, 1167 bilirubin 43 -, plasma 689 -, HDL 273 —, optimized design 1167 -, adsorption 371 —, exercise 689 apolipoproteins ASTRA —, erythrocytes 371 receptor assay 801 -, and blood pressure 847 -, enzyme assays 637, 638 calibration 669 andrology —, electroimmunoassay 872 -, quality control 637, 638 emergency analysis 228 -, HPLC 785 —, electrophoresis 874 Astrup, Poul 903 glucuronides 663 5a-androstene-3ß, 17ß-diol —, haemodialysis 660 atherosclerosis interference 243 291 -, HDL 1 -, apolipoproteins 765 —, of haemoglobin 243 3,17-androstanediols -, hepatitis 814 -, fatty acids 721 —, Jaffe reaction 611 -, ovary perfusates 756 high performance gel filtra• -, glycosaminoglycans 775 —, neonatal 215 5a-androsten-3a, 17ß-diol tion 872 —, serum 775 —, serum 243, 881 291 -, HPLC 812 -, lipid peroxides 789 —, (^bilirubin 881 -, plasma 291 -, immunoturbidimetry 232 -, lipids 806 -, species 748 —, radioimmunoassay 291 —, laser nephelometry 765 —, serum 806 —, HPLC 748 angiotensin —, myocardial infarction 605 -, lipoprotein 806 bilirubin UDP-glucuronyl- —, converting enzyme 781 —, nephelometry 874 —, serum 806 transferase 684 —, colorimetry 726 -, plasma 673, 864 -, Lp(a) 763 binding protein determination 228 —, immunonephelometry -, somatotropin 830 —, cobalamin 230 —, microassay 781 864 —, serum 830 folate 702 analgesics -, reference values 701 atomic absorption spectro• —, somatostatin 652 -, HPLC 610 -, renal 660 metry —, vitamin A acid 647 —, mass spectrometry 610 -, serum 848 -, aluminium 233 —, female genital tract 647 analytes --, diabetes 848 —, serum 233 bioavailability —, urine 836 -, transplantation 660 -, calcium 395, 413, 1063 methylphenobarbitone —, variation 836 arachidonic acid —, errors 1063 741 animals —, atherosclerosis 721 , systematic 1063 -, steroids 665 -, laboratory 580 arginic acid -, chromium 615 bioluminescence —, clinical chemistry 580 -, urine 65 —, urine 615 —, bacteriuria 725 —, serum proteins 581 arginine -, lead 835 blood 829 antibodies -, plasma 1194 —, mercury 471 —, detection 778 -, monoclonal 543, 745, 814 arthritis —, selenium 793 NAD (P)H 749 —, creatine kinase M subunit -, rheumatoid 859, 884 ATP biotransformation 543 —, hydroxyproline 859 —, erythrocytes 733, 737 zipeprol 25 anticonvulsants , serum 859 —, sepsis 737 blank 836 —, analysis 609 , synovial fluid 859 —, leukaemic cells 744 blind control 1137 -, extraction 594, 609 , phosphatase, acid 884 —, cytostatics 744 —, importance 1137 -, HPLC 594 arylamidase ATPase —, thyroid function 753 -, microsomal 1181 —, erythrocyte membrane ß-blockade antidepressants —, human tissues 1181 638 -, glycogen metabolism 635 —, monitoring 646 , catalytic concentrations —, and radioprotectors 638 ß-blocker antiepileptics 1181 autoantibodies 746 —, lecithin: cholesterol acyl- -, gas chromatography 305 , lectin affinity 1181 automation transferase 827 -, method comparison 813 , multiple forms 1181 —, clinical chermistry 776 --, plasma 827 -, serum 249 arylesterase -, history 491 -, lipids 827 —, determination 249 -, microsomal 1181 —, plasma 827 , interferences 249 —, human tissues 1181 bacteriuria blood antigens , catalytic concentrations —, bioluminescence 725 -, amino acids 767 -, la like 878 1181 —, screening 821 -, analyzer 741 —, melanoma cells 878 , lectin affinity 1181 balance —, bioluminescence 829 , radioimmunoassay 878 , multiple forms 1181 -, analytical 491 ~, cells 323 a2-antiplasmin ascorbic acid —, history 491 —, circadian rhythms 323 -, assay 717 -, analysis 858 BCR information 395, 413 -, chloroquine 661 antirheumatics -, assay 779, 821 beagle dogs -, constituents 607 -, toxicity 848 -, transport 708 —, clinical chemistry 667 —, and Yoga 607 , liver 848 , mitochondria 708 5-benzyl-L-cysteine-p-nitro- -, Cortisol 618 antithrombin III aspartate aminotransferase anilide 151 cord 787 -, assay 868, 871 -, enzymatically active 811 bile —, carcinoembryonic anti• -, plasma 796 , serum 811 -, phosphate 629 gen 787 , Laser nephelometry -, IFCC method 734 bile acids —, a-foetoprotein 787 796 -, immunochemically active -, calorimetry 603 —, Tennessee antigen 787 —, reference values 223 811 —, differential scanning 603 —, tissue polypeptide anii- aj-antitrypsin , serum 811 —, faeces 219 gen 787 -, cerebrospinal fluid 652 kidney 1132 —, extraction 219 -, creatinine 820 XXVII blood breast cancer calcium cannula -, creatinine -, collagenase 750 -, food 817 —, steel —, micromethod 820 -, follow up 339 -, ionized 611, 821 —, contamination source -, dehydroepiandrosterone -, oestrogen recepter 688 —, bypass surgery 611 115 sulfate 618 —, radiotherapy 713 , children 611 capillary blood serum —, radioimmunoassay 618 —, steroid receptors 713 —, serum 821 -, cholesterol 742 electrolytes 49, 882 —, staging 700 -, Kodak EKTACHEM 734 —, lipoproteins 742 —, flow through analysis 49 —, steroid receptors 609,650, -, oxalate 295 Captopril 387 —, potentiometry 762 845 —, crystal growth 295 carbamazepine -, FAD 236 breast tumour , inhibition 295 -, epilepsy 762 flow 797 —, sample preparation 822 -, plasma 762 -, immunonephelometry 784 --, liver 797 —, hormone receptor assay —, potentiometry 762 —, serum 249 -, FMN 236 822 -, protein binding 598 —, enzyme immunoassay -, gases 795; 882 Broca index 1013 -, reference material 395, 249 -—, electrodes 795 bromcresol green 413 —, gaschromatography 249 , skin surface 795 —, albumin assay 686, 687, -, serum 395, 413, 714, 762 carbohydrate -, glucose 816 797, 839 —, potentiometry 762 -, metabolism 593 —, assay 816 —, albumin determination —, reference method 395, —, caffeine 593 -, glutathione peroxidase 169 413 carbon tetrachloride 617 -, albumin 686 , atomic absorption —, liver injury 680 —, horse 617 —, specificity 686 spectrometry 395, 413 -, liver parameters 597 -, lead 835 bromcresol purple 797 -, urine 323, 713, 714, 766 carboxyhaemoglobin 521 -, magnesium 696 bromine —, circadian rhythm 323, -, determination 457 —, burn disease 696 -, proton-induced X-ray 766 —, multi-wavelength -, polyamines 652 emission 887 calculator spectrometry 457 —, melanoma 652 3'-bromo-3.5-diiodothyronine —, endocrinologic laboratory carcinoembryonic antigen 216 —, pressure 847 191, 195 832 -, amniotic fluid 787 —, and lipid status 847 3'-bromo-3-iodo-L-thyronine calculi -, assay 961 -, selenium 617 191 -, urinary 747, 862 -, breast cancer 339 —, horse 617 N-bromophthalmide —, analysis 747 —, cancer 757 -, spot analysis 770 —, pharmaceuticals 659 —, powderization 862 —, follow up 757 —, trace elements 813 —, assay 659 calibration curve —, colorectal cancer 1117 —, multiple sclerosis 813 3'-bromo-3.5.5'.-triiodo.L- —, regression analysis 676 -, cord blood 787 urea 820 thyronine 191, 195 calorimetry -, method comparison 961 —, assay 820 burn disease -, differential scanning 603 -, serum 618 —, zinc 596 —, amino acids 643 -, bile acids 603 —, urine 787 —, burn disease 696 —, plasma 643 cAMP —, newborns 787 —, sickle cell anamia crisis —, urine 643 —, urine 766 carcinogenesis 596 -, lipids 800 —, circadian rhythm 766 -, y-glutamyltransferase 682 body cavity fluid —, serum 800 canaline carcinoma see also cancer, -, constitutents 716 —, magnesium 696 —, formation 836 malignant diseases, —, serum 716 —, blood 696 cancer see also carcinoma, neoplasms, tumour body mass index 1013 —, organs 696 malignant diseases, -, cervical 678 body weight dependency -, proteinuria 244 neoplasms, tumour —, markers 678 —, cholesterol 1013 —, zinc 696 —, associated urinary pepti• -, renal cell 700 —, serum 1013 —, blood 696 dase 705 —, aminopeptidase M 700 -, triglycerides 1013 —, organs 696 -, breast 339, 609, 656, 688, -, stomach 719 —, serum 1013 bypass surgery 700, 713, 750 —, lactate dehydrogenase Boerhaave, Hermann 230 -, children 611 —, aminoglutethimide 656 719 bone —, Ca2+ —, follow up 339 -, testis 216 -, enzymes 1181 —, oestrogen receptor 688 —, polyamines 216 -, lead 751 —, staging 700 cardiovascular surgery -, phosphatase, alkaline 594 cacotheline 779 —, steroid receptors 609 —, creatine kinase 758 —, immunoelectrophoresis cadaverine —, carcinoembryonic antigen —, isoenzymes 758 594 -, plasma 159 757 , plasma 758 boron —, liver insufficiency 159 -, collagenase 750 carnitine -, metabolism 830 cadmium -, colorectal 592, 1117 —, seminal plasma 862 —, rat 830 —, exposure 876 —, CEA 1117 carotene bradykinin caffeine —, Tennessee antigen 592 -, plasma 860 -, radioimmunoassay 165 -, carbohydrate metabolism -, detection 885 —, children 860 —, kallikrein activity assay 593 -, glycoproteins 596 carrageenin 165 calcitonin -, liver 707, 791 -, inflammation 784 brain -, tumour marker 216 —, 5'-nucleotide phospho• —, lipid peroxide 784 -, rat 987 -, radioimmunoassay 879 diesterase V 707 —, protease 784 —, noradrenaline 987 calcium —, tumour markers 791 carriers 228 , metabolism 987 -, atomic absorption spectro• -, ovary 815 —, phenylketonuria , and nembutal 987 metry 1063 —, isoamylases 815 —, frequency , metabolites 987 —, errors 1063 —, protein profile 590 cataract , estimation 987 , systematic 1063 —, plasma 590 -, galactose tolerance 776 -, cystyl aminopeptidase 145 -, blood 762 -, tissue polypeptide antigen catecholamines branched chain 2-oxoacid —, potentiometry 762 757 -, extraction 841 dehydrogenase 622 -, determination 227 cannabinosid —, serum 841 —, deficiency 622 —, multi-layer film -, urine 724 —, urine 841 breast cancer technology 227 cannula -, HPLC 841 -, aminoglutethimide 656 -, faeces 817 -, steel 115 -, plasma 690 XXVIII catecholamines chemiluminescence immunoas• cholesterol chromozym TH 868 -, urine 217 say -, lipoproteins chromozym TRY 287, 877 —. HPLC 217 —, progesterone 798 —, capillary blood serum circadian rhythm cefotaxim children 742 see also rhythm, diurnal —, serum 279 -, bypass surgery 611 —, lipoprotein X 155 variation —, determination 279 —, Ca2+ 611 -, plasma 850, 81.5 -, cAMP 766 , enzymatic 279 -, plasma 860 —, chemiluminescence assay —, urine 766 —, urine 279 —, carotene 860 815 —, calcium 766 cell —, vitamin A 860 -, reference value 240 —, urine 766 —, culture 865 —, vitamin E 860 -, serum 746, 838, 1013 —, catecholamines 479 —, hair follicle 865 -, pneumonia 606 —, age dependency 1013 —, urine 479 -, electrophoresis 693 —, lipoproteins 606 —, body weight dependency -, creatinine 766 -, respiration 609 , serum 606 1013 —, urine 766 —, tetracyline derivatives -, reference values 1075 —, enzymatic determination circadian variations 609 —, urine 979 838 -, lipids 751 cells —, cGMP 979 —, low caloric diet 746 cirrhosis -, elimination 1201 chinoform —, sex dependency 1013 -, protein sialylation 621 centrifuge -, copper chelation 780 -, standardisation 215 cisplatin —, history 491 chloramine T 1051 -, synthesis 651 -, enzymes 653 cephalexin chloramphenicol —, from acetate 651 —, urine 653 -, serum 35 -, serum 879 , haemodialysis 651 -, metabolic complication —, determination 35 —, enzyme immunoassay -, transfer 857 767 , fluori metric 35 879 —, lipoproteins 857 -, proteins 653 , microbiological 35 chloride choline —, urine 653 -, urine 35 —, urine 869 —, kinase 728 citrulline —, determination 35 —, renal failure 869 —, phospholipids 788 —, plasma 1194 , fluorimetric 35 chloroquine —, serum 788 clavulanic acid 953 , microbiological 35 -, blood 661 Cholinesterase clearance cephalosporins -, urine 661 —, amperometry 702 —, p-aminohippuric acid 710 -, 279 chlorpromazine -, cerebrospinal fluid 840 —, inulin 710 cerebrospinal fluid -, enzyme release 655 —, diagnostic value 840 clinical chemical parameters albumin 630, 823 —, cultured liver cells 655 -, curare-like drugs 761 —, plasma 323 —, immunoturbidimetry —, metabolism 653 —, microsomal 1181 —, circadian rhythms 323 823 —, psychiatric patients 653 —, human tissues 1181 —, serum 323 —, multiple sclerosis 630 cholestasis , catalytic concentrations —, circadian rhythms 323 -, cxi-antitrypsin 652 —, lipoproteins 707 1181 —, urine 323 —, assay 652 -, lipoprotein X 155, 759 , lectin affinity 1181 —, circadian rhythms 323 —. cholinesterases 840 —, determination 155 , multiple forms 1181 clinical chemist —, diagnostic value 840 , enzymatic 155 -, serum 743, 825 —, developing countries 788 creatine kinase 756 -, phosphatase, alkaline 748 —, coronary heart disease clinical chemistry IgG 241, 630, 823 —, isoenzymes 748 743 —, historical background 311 —, fluoroimmunoassay 241 -, types 600 chondroitin sulfate -, history 309, 497 —, immunoturbidimetry 823 cholesterol -, liver 363 -, in medical decision 677 —, multiple sclerosis 630 -, acyltransferase 644 —, synthesis 465 Clofibrate —, immunoglobulins 743 -, assay 697, 769 —, liver, rat 465 and creatine kinase 539 —, turbidimetry 743 —, control material 671 chorionic gonadotropin —, serum 539 -, lactate 877 -, determination 307 —, enzyme immunoassay 764 -, muscular syndrome 539 -, lysozyme 726 —, automated 307 —, gonadal disorders 738 clotting factors —, a2-macroglobulin 287,732 , aldehyde dehydroge• —, tumour marker 216 -, non carboxylated 89 —, assay 287 nase 307 chromatography Clq , amidolytic 287 , immobilised 307 -, drugs 861 -, interaction 771 -, protein 301 , flow diagram 307 -, high performance 375 —, with collagen 771 , Coomassie Brilliant -, and diet 779 —, creatinine 375 —, with fibronection 771 Blue G 250 301 -, electrokinetic studies 810 -, history 491 CNS -, sialic acid 623 -, erythrocyte membranes -, proteins 723 —, immune response 665 —, meningitis 623 793 —, ribonucleosides 55 —, humoral 665 cGMP -, ester hydrolase 747 —, urine 55 coagulation -, urine 807, 979 —, plasma 747 chromium —, assay 663 —, tumours 807,979 -, HDL 1, 273, 627, 662, -, faeces 817 —, amidolytic 663 , malignant 979 685, 725, 743, 751, 847, -, food 817 —, chromogenic peptides 868 chelation 850, 858 —, proton-induced X-ray -, tests 604 —, copper 780 —, and blood pressure 847 emission 887 coagulopathy —, chinoform 780 —, circadian variations 751 —, urine 615 —, valproic acid 658 chemiluminescence —, coronary artery disease —, atomic absorption coagulative factors 89 -, detection 778 627 spectrometry 615 CoASH -, immunoassay 736 —, coronary heart disease chromogenic peptides 868 -, HPLC 664 -, leukocytes 843, 864 725, 743 chromogenic substrate 165, cobalamin -, steroids 736 —, myocardial infarction 287 assay 738, 811 chemiluminescence assay 662 -, kallikrein 287 —, binding proteins 230 —, cholesterol 815 —, plasma 850 chromogens —, methodology -, oxalate 815 -, hyperlipoproteinaemia -, horseradish peroxidase coeruloplasmin -, urate 815 614 determination 435 -. tumour marker 870 chemiluminescence enzyme -, lipoprotein 217, 612 -, hydrogen peroxide 861 cold agglutinin receptors immunoassay —, exercise 612 chromozym PK —, tumour cells 657 -, somatomammotropin 623 -, lipoproteins 742, 881 -, factor XII assay 357 —, lung 657 XXIX cold insoluble globulin 1213 control sera coulometry cuvette colipase -, HDL-cholesterol 636 —, potentiostatic 967 —, flow-through 215 —, urine 720 —, uncertainty intervals 1145, —, iron 967 —, optical quality 41 collagen 1153 Coulter DACOS 755 cyanocobalamin —, hydroxylysine 761 converting enzyme 726 cost -, HPLC 629 -, interaction with Clq 771 -, colorimetry 726 -, method choice 826 crystal growth -, metabolism 739 -, determination 228 cost-effectiveness -, inhibition 295 —, myocardial infarction —, inhibition 387 -, evaluation 584 L-cysteine-/3-naphthylamide 739 —, Captopril 387 C-peptide 234 151 collagenase -, microassay 781 C-reactive protein cystic fibrosis —, breast cancer 750 Coomassie Brilliant Blue -, amniotic fluid 760 —, enzymes induction 852 —, inhibitor 622 G 250 203 —, diabetes 760 cystine, half 1194 —, synovial fluid 622 —, protein determination 301 , predictive value 760 L-cystine-bis-/?-nitroanilide —, rheumatoid arthritis 622 —, criticism of the use 301 —, reaction mechanisms 1201 151 collagenolysis 802 copper creatine L-cystine-di-/3-naphthylamide communication -, assay 779 —, enzyme electrode 861 151 —, pictographic 706 -, chelation 780 creatine kinase cystyl aminopeptidase Community Bureau of —, chinoform 780 -, control samples 351 -, serum 145 Reference 395, 413 -, and inflammation 684 -, Duchenne muscular dys• —, hepatic disease 145 comparison -, proton-induced X-ray trophy 828 , substrates 145 -, analytical methods 121 emission 887 —, isoenzyme BB —, pregnancy 145 complement -, serum 662, 887 —, binding 925 , substrates 145 -, activation 796 —, pregnancy 707 , to immunoglobulin G —, tissue 145 —, by contrast media 796 —, pregnany toxaemia 707 925 , substrates 145 -, component C 3 649 -, urine 541 -, isoenzyme MB 732, 806, cytoporphyrin 44 —, assay 649 —, spectrophotometry 541 816 cytostatics -, component C 4 649 coproporphyrin I 44 —, assay 816 -, ATP 744 —, assay 649 cord blood see blood, cord —, method comparison 806 —, leukaemic cells 744 —, inflammation 758 coronary heart disease see also —, muscle 732 cytotoxicity —, kidney disease 758 infarct, myocardial in• —, serum 231 —, serum 283 -, serum 795 farction , immunoinhibition test --, hepatitis B 283 complexation —, Cholinesterase 743 -, isoenzymes 674, 756, 758, -, metronidazole 661 —, serum 743 1021 danazol complexes -, HDL cholesterol 627, —, cerebrospinal fluid 756 —, interference 835 -, hydralazine 716 725, 743 --, heat stability 1021 —, testosterone assay 835 computer —, serum 627 —, plasma 758 dansylhydrazine -, clinical chemistry 756, 779 -, laboratory testing 622 , cardiovascular surgery —, oxosteroid detection 727 -, hospital 810 -, lipoproteins 642 758 decision criteria —, identification 682 —, serum 642 —, macro forms 239, 619, —, uric acid 173 --, patient 682 -, magnesium 595 849,1021 —, gestosis 173 congenital adrenal hyperplasia —, serum 595 —, characteristrics 619 deficiency 665 corticoids —, heat stability 1021 -, zinc 871 connective tissue —, plasma 823 —, Michaelis constant 239 dehydroepiandrosterone -, diseases 792 —, HPLC 823 -, myocardial infarction 674 —, plasma 665 —, monoamine oxidase 792 -, saliva 823 -, neuroleptics 751 dehydroepiandrosterone sul• , serum 792 —, HPLC 823 -, serum 539, 825, 850 fate continuous monitoring corticosterone —, after Clofibrate 539 -, blood 618 —, electrolytes 860 -, plasma 387 --, effect of light 825 —, radioimmunoassay 618 contrast media —, radioimmunoassay 387 —, tumour marker 850 density —, complement activation corticotropin -, B subunit 543 -, erythrocytes 685 796 -, plasma 75, 830 —, determination 543 deoxycorticosterone control —, radioimmunoassay 75, —, M subunit —, plasma 387 -, output 585 724 —, immunoinhibition 543 —, radioimmunoassay 387 -, reliability 585 , reference range 75 creatinine deoxycortisol control material Cortisol —, assay 620 —, serum 804 —, a-amylase 697 -, blood 618 —, interference 620 —, HPLC 804 -, bilirubin 669 —, radioimmunoassay 618 , fatty acids 620 —, urine 73 -, cholesterol 671 -, enzyme immunoassay 659 —, bilirubin 611 dermatan sulfate —, human 769 -, HPLC 659 —, interference 611 —, liver 363 oestrogen receptor 758 -, pharmacokinetics 659 —, enzyme electrode 861 deuteroporphyrin 44 —, phosphatase, acid 824 -, plasma 665, 771 -, HPLC 886 diabetes —, stability 824 —, luminescence immunoas• —, methodology 886 —, N-acetyl-ß-D-glucosamini- —, phosphatase, alkaline 626 say 771 —, micromethod 820 dase 792, 793 -, proteins 817 -, saliva 685 -, serum 323, 601, 765 —, serum 792, 93 —, serum 817 -, serum 323, 427, 746, 804 —, circadian rhythms 323 —, aldehyde reductase 641 -, receptor assay 680 —, circardian rhythms 323 —, method comparison -, apolipoproteins 848 -, triglycerides 671 —, HPLC 746, 804 601 —, serum 848 control samples —, radioimmunoassay 427 -, urine 375, 765, 766 -, glycerate 2,3-bisphosphate -, creatine kinase 351 -, urine 73, 323, 771 —, circadian rhythm 766 602, 750 -, phosphatase, acid 351 —, circadian rhythms 323 —, HPLC 375 —, and glycosylated control sera 719, 862, 1137, —, luminescence immunoas• cryoglobulins 673 haemoglobin 602 1145, 1153, 1167 say 771 curare-like drugs —, glycosylated proteins 81 -, assigned values 1137, coulometry -, anticholinesterase effect -, gonadotropins 593 1145, 1153, 1167 -, mineral transformation 761 —, haemoglobin 704, 761, —, y-glutamyltransferase 719 782 cut-off point 1211 776, 790 XXX diabetes distribution-free procedures duodenum ß-endorphin -, haemoglobin 1153 —, mucosa -, radioimmunoassay 724 —. glycosylated 704, 776, -, in establishing assigned —, invertase 39 enzyme see also enzymes 790 values 1153 , determination 39 -, assay 706 , HPLC 761, 790 distribution models 1145, , spectrophotometric —, centrifugal analyser 706 -, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglu- 1153 39 -, electrodes 861 taric acid 647 diurnal variation see also Dupuytrens contracture —, creatine 861 —. urine 647 circadian rhythm, rhythm -, enzyme activities 931 —, creatinine 861 -, insulin 729 -, oestriol 800 -, fibroblasts 809 —, in vivo monitoring 863 —, myocardial infarction 662 —, plasma 800 —, glycosaminoglycans 809 -, pattern 603 -, C-peptide 776 , pregnancy 800 dyslipidaemia —, serum 603 -, pregnancy 800 , diabetics 800 -, screening 615 , liver metastases 603 —. oestriol 800 DNA —, newborns 615 -, release 655 , plasma 800 -, antibodies 691 —, cultured liver cells 655 C-reactive protein 760 —, plasma 691 efficiency test 173 , chlorpromazine 655 —. amniotic fluid 760 , lupus erythematosus eicosapentaenoic acid , digitonin 655 , predictive value 760 691 —, atherosclerosis 721 enzyme immunoassay -, thyroxine 729 -, fibroblasts 931 EKTACHEM -, cannabinosid 724 —, trace elements 667 -, plasma 691 -, albumin 841 -, calculation 728 triiodothyronine 729 —, lupus erythematosus 691 -, total protein 841 chloramphenicol 879 diacetolol —, synthesis 680 elastase -, chorionic gonadotropin —, plasma 682 —, liver 680 -, leukocytes 232 764 diagnosis , rat 680 —, enzyme immunoassay -, Cortisol 659 -, prenatal 583 dogs 232 -, disopyramide 687 —, genetic disorders 583 -, beagle 667 elderly -, elastase 232 diagnostic efficiency 677 —, clinical chemistry 667 —, reference ranges 617 —, leukocytes 232 diagnostic significance dopamine electrobiography 769 -, ferritin 217, 599 —, pregnancy specific /^-gly• -, plasma 234 electrodes (Xi -fetoprotein 216, 699, coprotein 591 doxylamine -, enzyme 861, 863 702 diagnostic validity -, absorption spectrum 485 —, creatine 861 —, gentamycin 659 -, assessment 1211 -, metabolism 485 —, creatinine 861 -, IgE 814 diagnostic value drug —, in vivo monitoring 863 —, lipase -, cholinesterases 840 -, detection 680 —, fluoride sensitive 838 —, pancreatic 683 —, cerebrospinal fluid 840 —, determination 642 —, peroxide assay 838 -, marker 435 —, thyroxine, free 869 —, ultrafiltration 642 ion sensitive 49 —, horseradish peroxidase dialysis —, measurement 648 —, ion specific 804 435 -, fluid 785 -, metabolism 875 --, slides 804 , chromogens 435 —, protein 785 —, glucaric acid 875 -, skin surface 795 -, methotrexate 660 diaminopropane , urine 875 —, blood gases 795 —, myelin basic protein 1067 -, plasma 159 —, monitoring 625, 631, 646, electroimmunoassay —, plasma 1067 —, liver insufficiency 159 818 -, apolipoproteins 872 -, netilmicin 873 o-dianisidine —, antidepressants 646 electrolyte —, oestrogens 809 -, absorption spectrum 435 —, EMIT 631 -, analyzer 741 -, oestrone-3-glucuronide 3\5'-dibromo-3.5-diiodo- —, HPLC 625 electrolytes 824 thyronine 191, 195 drug-diagnostic test interac• -, blood 882 -, phosphatase, acid 590 diet tions 646 —, continuous monitoring -, prealbumin 837 —, and clinical chemistry 644 drugs 860 -, pregnancy specific ßi-gly• —, mouse 644 -, antiepileptic 839 -, myocardium 606 coprotein 943 low caloric 746 —, gas chromatography 839 —, high altitude 606 -, progesterone 602 —, lipids 746 —, chromatography 861 —, potentiometry 49 -, C-reactive protein 686 , serum 746 -, complicance 861 -, serum 606 —, retinol binding protein 837 digitalis —, control 861 —, high altitude 606 -, testosterone 659 -, poisoning 856 —, metabolism 783 electron spin resonance —, thyroglobulin 826 —, erythrocyte electrolytes —, HPLC 783 —, lipoproteins 707 -, thyrotropin 240,774,781 856 —, radioimmunoassay 612 electrophoresis -, thyroxine 710,781 digitonin -, serum 881 -, apolipoproteins 874 —, thyroxine-binding globulin -, enzyme release 655 —, turbidimetry 881 -, cells 693 217 —, cultured liver cells 655 dry reagent chemistry 859 -, fully automated 379 —, trace proteins 590 digoxin Duchenne muscular dystrophy —, serum 379 -, triiodothyronine, 447, 911 -, verapamil interaction 733 681 -, history 491 enzymes see also enzyme 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid -, acetyl Cholinesterase 818 —, proteins 712 --, alcohol metabolizing 179 987 —, erythrocyte membrane —, serum 712 —, hair roots 179 3.4- dihydroxyphenylglycol 818 -, thin layer agarose 648 —, Dupuytens contracture 987 -, erythrocytes 843 emergency analysis 931 3.5- diiodo-L-thyronine 191, —, enzyme release 843 -, bilirubin 228 -, fibroblasts 931 195 —, screening 828 emergency laboratory —, D-glucose metabolizing diphenhydramine duodenal juice -, priority tests 783 790 —, gas chromatography 740 -, a-amylase 1057 -, processing 783 —, specificity 790 discriminant analysis 656 —, method comparison emergency service 842 , anomeric 790 disopyramide 1057 encephalitis 691 —, and infarct size 878 -, enzyme immunoassay 687 —, Polarimetrie assay 1057 endocrinological parameters —, kidney 1131 HPLC 687 -, ribonuclease 774 -, serum 323 —, and tetrathionate 1131 dispensing 718 duodenum —, circadian rhythms 323 —, leukaemia 744 distribution —, immune response 843 —, urine 323 —, lymphoblastic 744 -, haptoglobins 698 -, mucosa 39 —, circadian rhythms 323 -, lysosomal 853 XXXI enzymes see also enzyme erythrocyte FAD fluorine —, lysosomal -, aminotransferases 719 -, blood 236 —, exposure 785 —, pleural effusions 853 -, ATP 737 faeces —, screening 785 , SanfHippo syndrome —, sepsis 737 bile acids 219 fluorocarbons 267 220 —, bilirubin 371 —, extraction 219 fluoroimmunoassay —, microsomal 1181 —, adsorption 371 -, calcium 8.17 —, aminoglycosides 244 , human tissues 1181 —, density 685 —, chromium 817 -, IgG 241 , catalytic concentrations —, after hypoxia 685 —, proteolytic activity 754 fluorosis 608 1181 -, enzyme release 843 -, trypsin inhibitor 754 5-fluorouracil , lectin affinity 1181 , Duchenne muscular fatty acids -, HPLC 704 , multiple forms 1181 dystrophy 843 -, adrenoleukodystrophy FMN -, palmar fascia 931 -, glycerate 2,3-bisphosphate 775 -, blood 236 -, pattern 829 521 interference 620 foetal distress 654 —, rat 829 —, glucose-6-phosphate dehy• —, creatinine assay 620 a-foetoprotein , nutrition 829 drogenase 636 ferritin —, amniotic fluid 787 —, peroxide metabolism 608 -, marker of maturity 854 -, serum 598, 599 —, cord blood 787 —, phospholipid metabolism —, membrane vesicle release —, enzyme immunoassay —, enzyme immunoassay 216, 771 794 225, 599 699, 702 , lung 771 , Duchenne muscular —, immunoradiometry 947 -, foetal distress 654 —, plasma 617 dystrophy 794 —, liver disease 690 —, serum 845 , short term variations Na/K ratio 856 —, method comparison 947 —, immunoassay 845 617 —, digitalis poisoning 856 —, radioimmunoassay 598, —, tumour marker 216 —, release 843 -, and oxygen saturation 521 947 —, urine 787 , erythrocytes 843 —, polyamines 877 ferroheme 46 —, newborn 787 , Duchenne muscular —, tumour markers 877 ferrohemochrome 46 folate dystrophy 843 -, potassium 737 fibrinogen -, assay 738 —, serum 878 , sepsis 737 —, method comparison 692 -, binding protein 702 —, asphyxia 878 —, ribonuclease 643 —, oligosaccharides 784 —, haemoglobin binding 757 , infarct size 859 —, sodium 737 —, liver diseases 784 -, radioassay 702 , organ injury 782 —, sepsis 737 —, turbidimetry 839 —, renal failure induction , ethanol 782 —, trinitrobenzene labelling fibroblasts 794 —, ovary cancer 840 672 -, DMA 931 -, serum 635 —, turnover 736 estimates of odds 1211 —, enzyme activities 931 —, radioassay 635 , liver 736 ethane 1-hydroxy-l, 1-bisphos- —, skin 622 follitropin , regulation 736 phonate 295 —, 2-aminobutyrate -, serum 649 -, urine 653, 852,1131 -, crystal growth 295 oxidation 622 —, radioimmunoassay 649 , cisplatin 653 , inhibition 295 fibronectin —, urine 649 —, and tetrathionate 1131 ethanol -, immunoturbidimetry 221, —, radioimmunoassay 649 enzymology -, organ injury 782 1213 food —, clinical 529 , enzymes 782 —, interaction with Clq 771 —, calcium 817 -, evolution 529 , serum 782 —, laser nephelometry 221 —, chromium 817 EPH gestosis 173, 1211 ethosuximide 1213 fractionation epilepsy —, serum 249 -, plasma 851 —, steroids 71 —, carbamazepine 762 —, enzyme immunoassay —, immunoturbidimetry fragmentography epinephrine 249 851 -, androstanediols 853 —, plasma 234 , gas chromatography 249 flame photometry —, plasma 853 error 16a-ethyl-21 -hydroxy-19-nor- -, history 491 frequency -, sources 115 4-pregnene-3,20-dione 801 flow diagram -, inherited diseases 706 —, trace element analysis etioporphyrin I 44 —, albumin 169 fucosyltransferase 115 evaluation system 610 —, bromcresol green method -, serum 744 -, sytematic 1063 Evans blue 169 —, tumour marker 744 —, atomic absorption -, plasma 919 —, cholesterol 307 furosin spectrometry 1063 , determination 919 flow injection analysis 778 -, HPLC 81 , calcium 1063 exercise flow through system erythrocyte -, glycogen metabolism 635 —, Potentiometrie 49 —, adenine metabolism 670 -, lipoprotein cholesterol —, flow-optimized 49 galactosamine , Duchenne muscular 612 fluorescein dilaurate test —, hepatitis 363 dystrophy 670 —, metabolic response 873 745 —, glycosaminoglycans 363 —, adenosine metabolism 670 --, and alcohol 873 —, pancreas function 745 , synthesis 363 -, membrane 818 —, androgens 689 fluorescence galactose —, acetylcholinesterase 818 —, plasma 689 -, analysis 805 —, absorption 621 , Duchenne muscular extraction -, yield 726 —, after oral administration dystrophy 818 —, anticonvulsants 594, 609 —, protein assay 726 621 --, ATPase 638 —, steroids 71 fluoride -, metabolism 780 , and radioprotectors —, analyzer 602 —, and small bowel 638 —, glucose 602 structure 780 —, cholesterol 793 factor II 89 , determination 602 -, tolerance 776 —, metabolites 733 factor VIII associated antigen —, sensitive electrode 838 —, cataract 776 —, shock 733 611 —, peroxidase assay 838 galactose oxidase -, sedimentation rate 687, factor-X -, urine 1039 -, glycoprotein assay 814 700 -, amidolytic assay 89, 242 —, reference values 1039 /3-galactosidase , Mortus Waldenstrom factor XII fluorimetry 689 -, kidney 1132 700 —, assay 357 —, neuraminidase 857 —, urine 1132 -, volume 828 factors -, proteinase 238 gangliosides —, alcohol abuse 828 -, non carboxylated 89 —, trypsinogen 816 —, serum 847 XXXII gangliosides glucose glycogen haemiglobin cyanide serum -, interference -, Phosphorylase -, stability 1209 —, extraction 847 —, amylase assay 772 , exercise 635 haemiglobin reductase gas chromatography -, plasma 239, 678 , serum 809 -, serum 766 -, amino acids 767 —, kinetic assay 239 , myocardial infarction —, liver diseases 766 -, antiepileptics 305, 839 -, serum 239, 675, 859, 977 809 haemodialysis -, carbamazepine 249 —, determination 977 —, synthetase 635 -, acetate incorporation 651 -, clinical chemistry 241 , methodology 977 —, exercise 635 —, into cholesterol 651 -, diphenhydramine 740 —, kinetic assay 239 glycolysis -, aluminium 826 —, ethosuximide 249 -, tolerance 777 -, muscle 723 —, uptake 826 —, 2-oxo-5-guanidinovaleric -, tolerance test 633 glycoprotein -, aminotransferases 719 acid 61 -, tumour 777 -, assay 814 -, apolipoproteins 660 -, phenobarbital 249, 305 glucose-6-phosphate dehydro• —, galactose oxidase 814 -, pyridoxal-5'-phosphate —, phenytoin 249, 305 genase 636 glycoproteins 795 —, phytanic acid 224 —, erythrocytes 636 —, N-acetylneuraminic acid —, plasma 795 —, polyethylene glycol 400 D-glucose 31 haemoglobin 265 —, enzymes 790 , determination 31 -, A, 223 —, urine 265 —, specificity 790 , micromethod 31 —, methodology 223 -, primidone 249, 305 , anomeric 790 —, cancer 596 -, circadian rhythms 323 -, steroids 688, 786 a-glucosidase 9.5 S ai-glycoprotein 1201 -, cyanide 521 —, urine 688 -, amniotic fluid 803 glycosaminoglycans -, derivatives 521 -, 4-sulphoxy-3-methoxy- glucosyl-galactosyl-hydroxy- —, estimation 221 —, absorption spectra 521 phenylethyleneglycol 616 lysine —, laser nephelometry 221 -, determination 457, 1209 —, toxicology 627 -, glucohydrolase 851 -, fibroblasts 809 —, multi-wavelength 457 -, valproic acid 711, 763 glutamate dehydrogenase , Dupuytren's contracture -, free 971 -, zipeprol 25 -, alcohol abuse 828 809 —, serum 971 gas-liquid chromatography -, kidney 1132 —, serum 775 —, folic acid binding 757 mexiletine 1189 -, urine 1132 —, atherosclerosis 775 -, glycosylated 229, 237, —, serum 1189 glutamic acid -, synthesis 220, 363, 465 602, 627, 639, 662, 695, gasometric analysis —, plasma 1194 —, liver 220, 363 704, 761, 776, 777, 783, -, history 491 glutamine , liver, rat 465 790, 867 gastrin —, plasma 1194 , galactosamine hepati• —, assay 627 —, radioimmunoassay 724 y-glutamyl transferase tis 363 —, diabetes 602, 761, 776, genetic disorders -, alcohol abuse 828 —, urine 220 790 —, prenatal diagnosis 583 -, alcoholism 689 , Sanfilippo syndrome 220 , and glycerate 2,3-bis• genital tract -, carcinogenesis 682 glycosyl-albumin 81 phosphate 602 -, female 647 control sera 719 glycosylation , HPLC 790 —, vitamin A acid binding -, kidney 1132 -, haemoglobin 765, 1097 —, method comparison 783 protein 647 -, liver 682 —, method comparison —, reference values 229 gentamicin microsomal 1181 1097 -, glycosylation 765, 1097 -, enzyme immunoassay 659 —, human tissues 1181 -, non enzymatic 81 —, method comparison -, serum 762 , catalytic concentrations gonadotropins 1097 gestosis 1181 -, diabetes 593 -, interference 243 —, uric acid 173 , lectin affinity 1181 gonads —, bilirubin assay 243 —, decision criteria 173 , multiple forms 1181 —, disorders 738 —, oxygen saturation 521 globulin -, and phenobarbitone 632 —, chorionic gonadotropin —, and glycerate 2,3-bis• -, cold insoluble 1213 -, plasma 682 738 phosphate 521 globulins see also Ig, im• -, substrate solubility 727 —, luliberin 738 —, reference method 517 munoglobulins -, serum 803, 880 gout -, spectrophotometry 521 -, calcium binding 598 —, multiple forms 880 —, oxalic acid 630 haemoglobinometry 517 glomerular filtration rate —, ß-thalassaemia major —, oxypurines 598 haemopexin —, cyanocobalamin 629 803 --, urine 598, 630 —, progressive muscular glucaric acid -, urine 1132 Gorup-Besanez, von R. G. dystrophy 861 -, urine 720, 875 y-gl utamyltranspeptidase guanidinoacetic acid haemostaeology 546 —, drug metabolism 875 -, urine 729 -, urine 65, 721 haemostasis —, liver function 875 L-Y-glutamyl-4-nitroanilide 4-guanidinobutyric acid —, prostacyclin 666 glucocorticoids -, solubility 727 —, urine 65 hair -, HPLC 659 glutathione peroxidase guanidino compounds 673 -, children 654 —, pharmacokinetics 659 -, blood 617 guanidinosuccinic acid —, trace elements 654 gluconeogenesis —, horse 617 —, urine 65 -, follicle 865 —, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl~ glycerate 2,3-bisphosphate —, cell culture 865 glutarylCoA lyase 240 -, diabetes 602, 750 haem ... see also hem . . . -, roots 179 -, deficiency 831 —, and glycosylated haemo• haematological parameters —, enzymes 179 glycosaminoglycans globin 602 —, circadian rhythms 323 , alcohol metabolizing -, liver 867 -, erythrocytes 521, 733 haematology 179 glucose —, and oxygen saturation —, horse 629 haloperidol -, assay 742, 816 52.1 —, neuroleptics 751 —, plasma 679 , method comparison 742 glycerol phosphatides -, quality control 220, 782 haptoglobins —, chemiluminescence assay -, serum 7 haemiglobin -, distribution 698 639 —, determination 7 —, determination 457 -, immunoturbidimetry 788 -, determination 227, 602 , enzymatic 7 —, multi-wavelength spec• -, and myocardial infarction , fluoride analyzer 602 glycine trometry 457 634 , multi-layer film technol• -, plasma 1194 haemiglobin cyanide HDL ogy 227 glycogen —, molar lineic absorbance —, apolipoproteins 1 —, interference 772 -, Phosphorylase 635, 809 1209 —, apolipoprotein A I 273 XXXIII HDL high performance gel filtration HPLC see also high 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy- —, apolipoprotein A I -, apolipoproteins 872 performance mandelic acid 214 —, serum 273 high performance liquid -, corticoids 823 —, urine , determination 273 chromatography see also -, Cortisol 659, 746, 804 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl- cholesterol 1, 240, 273, HPLC -, creatinine 375 acetic acid 214 614, 627, 636, 662, 685, -, catecholamines 217, 841 —, cyanocobalamin 629 —, urine 725, 743, 746, 751, 850 —, creatinine 886 —, glomerular filtration rate 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric —, circadian variations 751 -, furosin 81 629 acid —, control serum 636 —, from glycosylated —, 11-deoxycortisol 804 -, urine 647 —, coronary heart disease proteins 81 -, disopyramide 687 —, diabetes 647 743, 725 -, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy- -, drug metabolism 783 3 - hyd roxy - 3 - me t h \ lgl u I a ry I —, hyperlipoproteinaemia mandelic acid 214 -, drug monitoring 625 CoA lyase 614 -, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy- -, 5-fluorouracil 704 —, deficiency 831 —, myocardial infarction phenylacetic acid 214 -, gentamicin 762 17-hydroxyprogesterone 662 -, hydroxy-vitamin D 1043 -, glucocorticoids 659 —, amniotic fluid 665 —, reference value 240 -, N'-methyladenosine 55 —, haemoglobin 790 hydroxyproline —, serum 273, 627, 746 -, N7-methylguanosine 55 —, glycosylated 790 serum 654, 679, 859 , coronary artery disease -, pyridoxal-5'-phosphate -, 6ß-hydroxycortisol 525 —, rheumatoid arthritis 859 627 237 —, urine 525 -, synovial fluid 859 , determination 273 -, retinol 235 —, insulins 641 —, rheumatoid arthritis 859 , low caloric diet 746 -, serum 885 -, neurotransmitters 813 —, urine 209 —, isolation 1 -, thiamine 237 -, nucleosides, modified 639 3-hydroxyproline —, isotachophoresis 620 —, Y-tocopheT°l 235 —, organic acids 625 -, urine 617 -, lipaemia 797 -, vitamin B2 236 -, oxosteroids 727 25-hydroxy vitamin D 662 —, alimentary 797 —, derivatives 236 —, fluorescence detection —, saliva 662 —, serum 720 histamin 727 hyperargininaemia -, subclasses 644 -, gastric juice 683 -, peptide separation 832 —, 2-oxo-5-guanidinovaleric subfractions 712 hist i dine -, porphyrins 771 acid 61 —, characteristics 712 -, plasma 1194 -, purine nucleotides 595 —, urine 61 -, thyroid dysfunction 605 history —, pyrimidine nucleotides hypercalcaemia heart -, Boerhaave, Hermann 230 595 -, differentiation 703 -, cells 619 -, chemistry 497 -, retinol 657 -, hyperparathyroidism 692 —, rat 619 —, Erlangen 497 -, steroids 610 hyperimmunoglobulins 13 , function 619 -, clinical chemical instru• —, tetramycin 762 hyperinsulinism , and bile salts 619 mentation 491 -, uric acid 708 -, hormones 846 -, cystyl aminopeptidase 145 —, Clinical Chemistry 309, valproic acid 658 —, plasma 846 heat inactivation test 311 -, vitamin E 614 hyperlipaemia -, thermostable creatine -, enzymology 529 —, serum 614 —, clearing 799 kinases 1021 —, clinical 529 human placental lactogen —, serum 799 hem at in 46 -, medicine 497 -, serum 803, 866 hyperlipoproteinaemia 884 hematoporphyrin 44 —, Erlangen 497 —, pregnancy 803 -, apolipoproteins 614 heme 46 -, urine examination 739 —, radioimmuno assay 866 -, HDL-choIesteroI 614 hemin 46 Hitachi ABCA 706 D 751 hydralazine -, screening 856 hemochrome 46 homochlorcyclizine -, manganese complexes hyperparathyroidism heparan sulfate -, liver 745 716 —, hypercalcaemia 692 -, liver 363 effects 745 —, molybdenum complexes hypertension -, synthesis 465 homovanillic acid 716 -, pregnancy 688 —, liver, rat 465 -, urine 323 hydrazinophthalazines 802 --, steroids 688 heparinate —, circadian rhythms 323 hydrogen peroxide , urine 688 -, effects 825 hormone -, Potentiometrie assay 838 hypothyreosis —, methodological 825 -, assay 834 —, substrates 861 —, screening 774, 819 hepatitis —, quality control 834 hydroxyacids hypoxia -, cystyl aminopeptidase 145 hormones -, serum 640 -, density 685 -, lipids 814 -, enzyme turnover 736 hydroxyapatite , erythrocytes 685 -, lipoproteins 814 —, liver 736 -, from amorphous calcium —, indicators 687 hepatitis B -, plasma 846 phosphate 782 —, immunoglobulins 13 —, hyperinsulinism 846 18-hydroxycorticosterone 387 1CP emission spectroscopy —, determination 13 horse -, plasma 387 -, boron 830 —, standardisation 13 -, blood 617 —, radioimmunoassay 387 identification —, lactate dehydrogenase 755 —, glutathione peroxidase 18-hydroxydeoxycorticosterone -, positive 682 —, serum 755 617 -, plasma 387 —, patient 682 -, serum 283 —, selenium 617 —, radioimmunoassay 387 IgE —, cytotoxicity 283 -, haematology 629 6/8-hydroxycortisol -, assay 768 hepatobiliary diseases 605 -, lactate 629 -, urine 525 -, enzyme immunoassay 814 hepatocytes HPLC see also high perform• —, HPLC 525 —, immunoassay 598 -, rat 283 ance —, radioimmunoassay 525 IgG —, culture 283 -, acyl-CoA 664 hydroxy ethyl starch —, cerebrospinal fluid 241 hexosaminidase -, amiodaron 599 -, pharmakokinetics 696 —, fluoroimmunoassay 241 —, deficiency 584 analgesics 610 5-hydroxy-3-indole acetic acid —, immunoturbidimetry -, metabolic disorders 735 -, andrology 785 -, urine 837 823 high altitude -, anticonvulsants 594 3- hydroxyisoheptanoic acid —, multiple sclerosis 630 -, electrolytes 606 -, apolipoproteins 812 750 lgM —, lactate dehydrogenase 606 -, bilirubin species 748 4- hydroxyisovaleric acid 750 -, morbus Waldenstrom 700 —, myocardium 606 —, clinical chemistry 753 hydroxylysine immune complex-like material —, serum 606 -, CoASH 664 -, collagen 761 666 XXXIV immune reactions infertility intrinsic factor isoenzymes cellular 694 -, zinc 626 —, cobalamin assay 811 —, 5'-nucleotide phospho• —. oestrogen effects 694 —, seminal fluid 626 invertase diesterase 707 immune response inflammation —, duodenal mucosa 39 -, phosphatase, acid 835 —. duodenum 843 -, carrageenin 784 —, determination 39 -, phosphatase, alkaline 748, —. humoral 665 —, lipid peroxide 784 , spectrophotometric 39 800 —. CNS 665 —, protease 784 Iodogen 1051 —, cholestasis 748 stomach 843 —, complement 758 3'-iodo-L-thyronine 195 -, serum 782 immunocomplexes -, and copper 684 iodothyronines 191, 195 —, organ injury 782 -, assay 760, 774 information content 173 -, substitution 191, 195 , ethanol 782 immunoelectrophoresis information theory 585 —, with bromine 191, 195 isoleucine -, phosphatase, alkaline 594 inherited diseases —, with I25I 191, 195 —, nitrogen metabolism 828 —, bone 594 -, frequency 706 ion exchange chromatography -, plasma 1194 —, proteins 866 —, screening 706 —, guanidines 61 3'.isopropyl-3.5-diiodo-L-thy- immunofixation electrophore• inherited disorders —, macro creatine kinase 849 ronine 191 sis 669 —, hexosaminidase 735 ion selective electrodes 764 3'-isopropyl-3.5.5\-triido-L- -. immunoproteins 669 inhibitors —, potassium 640 thyronine 191 immunoglobulins -, amylase 853 —, sodium 640 isotachophoresis -, abnormal molecular weight -. clavulanic acid 953 ion sensitive electrodes -, HDL 620 802 —, ß-lactamase 953 -, lead 629 isovaleric acidaemia 750 -, assay 826 —, collagenase 622 —, potassium 668 N-isovalerylglutamic acid 750 -, cerebrospinal fluid 743 -, converting enzyme 387 —, sodium 668 ixoten 669 —, turbidimetry 743 —, Captopril 387 iron -, hepatitis B 13 —, penicillins 953 —, absorption 658 jejunoileal bypass 601, 672 —, determination 13 —, ß-lactamase 953 —, iraemia 658 —, bile acids 601 , standardisation 13 —, protease 643 —, assay 779 jejunum macroamylasaemia 618 instrumentation 754 —, binding capacity 686 -, mucosa 1181 —, quantitation 628 -, history 491 —, complexes 43 —, enzymes 1181 —, serum 67 insulin -, proton-induced X-ray joint —, turbidimetry 67 -, bovine 641 emission 887 —, diseases 736 immunoglobulin G —. HPLC 641 —, saturation 731 —, synovial fluid 736 —, binding 925 -. C-pcptide 234 —, transferrin 731 —, of creatine kinase BB -, clearance 710 -, serum 219, 323, 967 925 -, diabetes 729 —, circadian rhythms 323 kallikrein immunoinhibition -, porcine 641 —, coulometry 967 —, determination 165 —, creatine kinase 816 —, HPLC 641 , potentiostatic 967 —, urine 165 -. creatine kinase MB 231 -, postprandial 773 , reference values 219 , substrate 165 -, creatine kinase M subunit -, radioimmuno assay 441 isoamylase -, plasma 1033 543 —, standard curve 441 -, clinical value 711 —, rat 1033 immunonephelometry , suitable functions for —, serum 616 urine 1033 —, apolipoproteins 864 441 isoenzymes --, rat 1033 -, carbamazepine 784 -, receptor 714 —, N-acetyl-ß-D-glucosamini- , radioimmunoassay -, methodology 873 intensive care 765 dase 730 1033 immunoprecipitation interactions —, alcohol dehydrogenase 179 ketogenesis 240 —, lactate dehydrogenase 628 -, drugs 646 —, aldehyde dehydrogenase kidney immunoproteins interfacial tension 267 179 —, carcinoma 700 -, immunofixation electro• interference -, amylase 218, 231, 711, —, aminopeptidase M 700 phoresis 669 —, atomic absorption spectro• 768, 787, 815, 840, 847, -, cystyl aminopeptidase 145 immunoradiometry metry 1063 854 -, disease 758 -, ferritin 947 —, calcium 1063 —, determination 840 —, complement 758 immunoturbidimetry -, bilirubin 611 —, ovary cancer 815 —, enzymuria 729 -, albumin 808, 823 —, Jaffe reaction 611 —, pancreatitis 815, 847 —, proteinuria 729 —, cerebrospinal fluid 823 -, creatinine assay 620 —, serum 768 —, urokinase 794 —, apolipoproteins 232 --, fatty acids 620 -, creatine kinase 239, 674, , urine 794 -, fibrinogen 692 -, danazol 835 732, 756, 758, 806, 816, -, dysfunction 709 fibronectin 221,851, 1213 —, testosterone assay 835 1021 —, liver damage 709 —, plasma 851 -, drugs 249 —, assay 816 -, enzymes 1131, 1181 -, haptoglobin 788 —, antiepileptics assay 249 , cerebrospinal fluid 756 —, and tetrathionate 1131 -, IgG 823 —, glucose 772 --, heat stability 1021 -, failure 704 —, cerebrosphinal fluid 823 —, amylase assay 772 —, MB 806 —, alanine aminopeptidase —, proteins 645 -, lipase 722 , method comparison 704 —, serum 645 —, serum 722 806 -, function 721 indocyanine green 797 interlaboratory trial —, Michaelis constant 239 —, guanidinoacetic acid 721 indometacin 387 -, calcium 395, 413 —, muscle 732 -, lysozymuria 703 -, prostaglandins 753 -, guide lines 413 , plasma 758 -, stones 594 —, urine 753 interpretation , cardiovascular surgery —, identification 594 infarct see also coronary -, laboratory results 870 758 —, transplantation 719, 720 heart disease, myocardial intestine —, enzymes 1181 -, tubular disorders 236 infarction -, cystyl aminopeptidase —, microsomal 1181 —, ß2-microglobulin 236 -, size 859, 878 145 —, glycogen Phosphorylase , urine 236 , enzymes 878 -, permeability 265 809 Kodak EKTACHEM 227, —, ultrastructure 878 —, measurement 265 -, lactate dehydrogenase 613, 752, 804 infertility intraindividual ranges 668, 755, 865 KONE CD -. phosphatase, acid 626 -, clinical chemical para• --, hepatitis B 755 -, evaluation 1027 . seminal fluid 626 meters 674 , serum 668 Kupffer cells 672 XXXV laboratory leucine lipoproteins liver —, animals -, nitrogen metabolism 828 —, electron spin resonance —, function —, clinical chemistry 580 -, plasma 1194 707 —, glucaric acid 875 —, performance 628 leucine aminopeptidase -, electrophoresis 620, 701 , urine 875 -, results —, kidney 1132 —, quantitative 620 —, pregnancy 803 —, interpretation 870 —, urine 1132 —, reference values 701 -, y-glutamyltransferase 682 —, structure 834 leukaemia -, exercise 612 -, glycosominoglycans 363, /3-lactamase 279, 953 -, cells 744 -, fractionation 874 867 —, inhibition 953 —, ATP 744 -, hepatitis 814 —, synthesis 363 -, kinetics 953 , cytostatics 744 -, metabolism 715 , galactosamine hepatitis -, substrate binding sites 953 -, lymphoblastic 744 —, sex differences 715 363 lactate —, enzymes 744 —, phospholipids 792 -, Guinea pig 632 —, determination 877 leukocytes —, plasma 791 —, Y-glutamyltransferase —, with APAD 877 -, analyser 731 —, distribution 791 632 -, horse 629 —, chemiluminescence 843, -, precipitation 273 , and phenobarbitone lactate dehydrogenase 864 -, quantitation 869 632 detection 884 -, elastase 232 -, serum 696, 642, 738, 806 -, homochlorcyclizine 745 —, gastric juice 719 —, enzyme immunoassay —, atherosclerosis 806 —, effects 745 —, cancer 719 232 —, children 606 -, injury 669, 680, 684 -, immunoprecipitation 628 -, urine 231 , pneumonia 606 —, proteins 669 —, isoenzyme-1 628 —, test strip 231 —, coronary artery disease , plasma 669 —, myocardial infarction leupeptin 642 —, proteoglycan synthesis 628 —, and oestrogen receptors —, method comparison 738 684 " -, isoenzymes 668, 755, 865, 688 lipoprotein X -, insufficiency 159 883 lidocaine -, alkaline phosphatase —, polyamines 159 --, hepatitis B 755 -, plasma 651 complex 242 , plasma 159 —, serum 668 —, peridural anaesthesia —, cholestasis 759 -, lead 21 -. kidney 1132 651 -, determination 155 -, metastases 603, 1181 myocardium 606 lignans —, enzymatic 155 —, enzymes 1181 —, high altitude 606 —, urine 597 -, serum 798 —, enzyme patterns 603 -, serum 606, 767 light scattering 233 lithium , serum 603 --, cold lability 767 -, proteins —, serum 672 -, necrosis 705 —, high altitude 606 likelihood quotient line 1211 —, renal failure 672 —, y-glutamyltransferase -, sperm 883 lipaemia liver 705 -, subunit M. deficiency 723 -. alimentary 797 -, blood flow 797 , serum 705 -, urine 1132 —, HDL 797 -, cancer 707, 791 —, phosphatase, alkaline 833 -, zymogram 867 lipase —, 5'-nucleotide phospho• -, rat 465, 596, 829 laser nephelometry —, pancreatic 683 diesterase 707 —, enzyme pattern 829 -, antithrombin-III 796 —, enzyme immunoassay —, screening 791 —, glycosaminoglycan -, apolipoproteins 765 683 —, carbon tetrachloride posin- synthesis 465 -, methodology 838 -, serum 225, 722, 735 ning 597 —, phosphatase alkaline -, rheumatoid factor 1125 —, age dependence 735 -, cells 757 596 latex immunoassay —, interferences 722 —, zinc 757 —, resection 220 -, ß2-microglobulin 613 —, method comparison 225 , porphyria 757 —, glycosaminoglycan latex photometric immuno• lipid peroxides —, zinc binding proteins synthesis 220 assay 778 —, atherosclerosis 789 757 -, toxicity 848 lead —, carrageenin inflammation , porphyria 757 —, antirheumatics 848 -, blood 835 784 -, cystyl aminopeptidase 145 longitudinal variations 674 —, bone 715 lipids —, damage 709 Lp(a) —, excretion 21 -, hepatitis 814 —, kidney dysfunction 709 —, atherosclerosis 763 —, and ambilhar 21 —, myocardial infarction 605, -, disease 145, 601, 690 -, myocardial infarction 763 —, ion sensitive electrode 629 833 —, cystyl aminopeptidase luciferase 581, 749 —, mobilisation 21 —, peroxidation 608 145 lucigenin 583 —, and ambilhar 21 -, plasma 791, 827 --, ferritin 690 luliberin -, urine 835 —, ß-blocker 827 , serum 690 -, gonadal disorders 738 lecithin —, distribution 791 —, screening 601 luminol 583 -, administration 779 —, variability 827 diseases 593, 699, 760, luminescence --, lipids 779 -, schistosomiasis 729 766, 784 -, analysis 581, 582, -, amniotic fluid 225, 728 -, serum 636, 800, 806, 852 —, aspartate aminotrans• -, phagocytosis 581, 582 —, enzymatic assay 728 —, atherosclerosis 806 ferase 699 luminescene immunoassay lecithin: cholesterol acyltrans- —, burn disease 800 , mitochondrial 699 —, Cortisol 771 ferase —, polychlorinated biphenyl —, bile acids 760 luminometry -, assay 653 poisoning 636 , serum 760 —, nucleotides 666 -, plasma 827 lipopolysaccharides —, haemiglobin reductase lung —, ß-blocker 827 -, and prostaglandin synthesis 766 —, phospholipid metabolism lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio 675 , serum 766 771 amniotic fluid 219, 807 lipolysis —, oligosaccharides 784 —, enzymes 771 lectins 1201 -, adipocytes 812 , fibrinogen 784 tumour cells 657 lectin affinity lipoproteins 1 —, selenium 593 —, cold agglutinin receptors —, enzymes 1181 -, cholesterol 217, 612, 658, , serum 593 657 —, microsomal 1181 742, 857, 881 -, DNA-synthesis 680 lupus erythematosus , human tissues 1181 —, capillary blood serum -, enzymes 1181 -, DNA 691 lectin-like properties 742 -, enzyme turnover 736 —, plasma 691 —, acute phase proteins 1201 —, transfer 857 —, regulation 736 -, DNA antibodies 691 legionellosis 690 -, and diet 779 -, function 803, 875 —, plasma 691 XXXVI lutropin mass spectrometry method comparison (^-microglobulin —, serum 649 -, amino acids 767 -, ferritin 947 -, serum 709 —, radioimmunoassay 649 —, analgesics 610 -, folate 738 -, urine 695, 236 -, urine 649 -, doxylamine 485 —, glucose 742 —, renal tubular disorders —, radioimmunoassay 649 -, 2-oxo-5-guanidinovaleric -, glycosylation 1097 236 lymphocyte acid 61 —, haemoglobin 1097 microscopy -, capping 681 -, steroids 610 -, haemoglobin 783 history 491 —, neuraminidase 857 —, toxicology 627 —, glycosylated 783 microsomes —, thymidine 855 -, zipeprol 25 -, 6ß-hydroxycortisol 525 -, enzymes 1181 —, transport 855 matrix -, lipase 225 mitochondria lymphokine 855 -, effects 835 -, lipoproteins 738 -, ascorbate transport 708 lysine —, lead assay 835 —, serum 738 mitogen -, plasma 1194 —, pregnancy specific ß\ -gly• -, lipoprotein X 155 -, stimulation 604 lysozyme coprotein 1197 -, methodology 868 molar lineic absorbance —, cerebrospinal fluid 726 , radio immunoassay —, multivariate approach 121 -, haemiglobin 1209 —, serum 726 1197 -, phenobarbital 249 -, haemoglobin 521 -, urine 703 , serum 1197 -, phenytoin 249 molybdenum maturity —, pregnancy specific ßi-gly• —, complexes 716 -, erythrocytes 854 coprotein 943 —, hydralazine 716 macro amylase 239, 241 MD-Kova-System 587, 588 —, primidone 249 molybdate —, serum 241 meconium -, protein 203 -, and oestrogen receptors —, immunoglobulins 618 -, proteolytic activity 754 —, urine 203 688 macro creatine kinase 239, -, trypsin inhibitor 754 -, random bias 855 monitoring 619, 849,1021 medical decision -, thyroxine 453 —, continuous 863 —, characteristics 619 —, and clinical chemistry 677 -, thyroxine, free 846 —, enzyme electrodes 863 -, different forms 849 —, making 1211 -, triiodothyronine 447, 911 -, drug 818 —, heat inactivation test 1021 melanoma -, valproic acid 743 -, pregnancy 803, 804 macro creatine kinase BB 925 -, la like antigens 878 method, definitive monoamine oxidase cx2-macroglobulin —, radioimmunoassay 878 calcium 395, 413 -, serum 792 —, cerebrospinal fluid 287, -, polyamines 652 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy- —, connective tissue diseases 732 --, blood 652 mandelic acid 987 792 —, assay 287 —, plasma 652 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy- mouse , amidolytic 287 membrane phenylglycol 987 clinical chemistry 644 —, complex with trypsin 287 -, vesicles 794 methotrexate —, and diet 644 -, plasma 877 —, erythrocytes 794 —, enzyme immunoassay 660 morphine —, chromogenic substrate , release 794 -, pharmacokinetics 882 graft 724 877 , Duchenne muscular -, toxicity 882 —, transfer with 724 , reference values 877 dystrophy 794 -, and proteins 667 morbus Waldenstrom serum 287. 877 meningitis —, serum 667 -, erythrocyte sedimentation —, assay 2 XXXVII muscular dystrophy nephelometry 5'-nucleotide oxalate —, Duchenne -, albumin 614 phosphodiesterase -, plasma —, screening 828 —, urine 614 -, liver cancer 707 —, chemiluminescence assay muscular syndrome 539 -, apolipoprotein A 698 nutrition 815 myelin basic protein -, apolipoproteins 874 —, enzyme pattern 829 -, serum 1103 -, plasma 1067 -, drugs 648 —, rat 829 —, determination 1103 —, enzyme immunoassay -, laser 221, 1125, 1213 , oxalate oxidase 1103 1067 —, fibronectin 221, 1213 obesity -, urine 630 myeloma 666 —, glycosaminoglycans 221 —, metabolites 695 --, gout 630 -, M-protein 730 —, rheumatoid factor 648, —, serum 695 -, urolithiasis 713, 714 myocardial infarction see also 1125 odds 677 oxamniquine 729 coronary heart disease, —, methodology 844 oestradiol 2-oxo-5-guanidinovaleric acid infarct —, proteins 650 -, plasma 665 —, urine 61, 65 -, apolipoproteins 605 -, transferrin 686 -, receptors 713, 844 —, gas chromatography 61 -, collagen metabolism 739 nephrotoxicity —, assay 844 —, mass spectrometry 61 -, creatine kinase 674 -, drugs 682 —, urine 73 —, thin layer chromato• -, diabetics 662 —, proteinuria 682 oestriol graphy 61 —, haemoglobin 662 netilmicin —, plasma 800 5-oxoproline , glycosylated 662 —, enzyme immunoassay 873 —, pregnancy 800 —, homocystinuria 851 —, HDL-cholesterol 662 -, plasma 656 , diabetics 800 oxosteroids —, glycogen Phosphorylase —, monitoring 656 -, pregnancy 804 -, HPLC 727 809 neuraminidase -, serum 803 oxygen --, serum 809 -, lymphocytes 857 —, pregnancy 803 -, radical scavenger 766 —, and haptoglobin 634 neural tube defects 584 -, urine 73 —, ^-penicillamine 766 -, HDL cholesterol 1 -, tests 879 oestrogen(s) -, saturation 521 -, lactate dehydrogenase neuroblastoma 479 -, cellular immune reactions —, haemoglobin 521 isoenzyme-1 628 neuroleptics 694 , and glycerate 2,3- -, lipids 605, 833 —, clinical chemical effects -, conjugates 781 bisphosphate 521 -, Lp (a) 763 751 —, radioimmunoassay 781 oxyhaemoglobin -, myoglobin 634, 807 neurotransmitters -, receptor(s) 688, 822, 865 -, determination 457 --, release 807 -, HPLC 813 —, assay 805 —, multi-wavelength —, serum 634 newborns —, breast cancer 609, 688 spectrometry 457 myocardium -, dyslipidaemia 615 —, breast tumour 822 —, dissociation 903 —, electrolytes 606 —, screening 615 —, control material 758 oxypurines --, high altitude 606 —, proteinuria 772 —, histochemistry 749 -, urine 598 -, lactate dehydrogenase 606 —, urine 787 —, myometrium 688 --, gout 598 --, high altitude 606 —, carcinoembryonic anti• —, rat pituitary 845 oxytocinase 145 myoglobin gen 787 —, standard 865 -, progressive muscular —, a-foetoprotein 787 -, serum 809 PH dystrophy 861 —, Tennessee antigen 787 —, menstrual cycle 809 —, measurement 491 -, release 807 —, tissue polypeptide anti• -, urine 833, 875 —, history 491 —, myocardial infarction gen 787 —, pregnancy 833 palmar fascia 807 nickel —, quality control 875 —, enzyme activities 931 -, serum 634, 213 -, proton-induced X-ray oestrone pancreas —, after exercise 213 emission 887 —, electrokinetic studies 810 -, diseases 816 —, myocardial infarction /?-nitrophenylmaltosides oestrone-3-glucuronide —, trypsinogen 816 634 -, amylase 634, 645 -, enzyme immunoassay 824 —, enzymes 1181 myometrium nomenclature OLLI CD 229, 749 -, function 745 —, oestrogen receptor 688 —, tetrapyrroles 43 -, evaluation 229, 1027 —, fluorescein dilaurate test myopathy noradrenaline ORG 2058 801 745 -, myoglobin 636 —, metabolism 987 organic acids —, ribonuclease 774 —, serum 636 --, rat brain 987 -, HPLC 625 pancreatic secretory trypsin , and nembutal 987 -, profiling 224 inhibitor —, metabolites 987 -, serum 654 —, serum 737 nembutal —, estimation 987 ornithine —, pancreatitis 737 —, vanilmandelic acid 987 —, serum 323 -, plasma 1194 pancreatitis -, anaesthesia 987 —, circadian rhythms 323 L-ornithine 2-oxoglutarate -, amylase 815, 847 —, noradrenaline 987 —, urine 323 aminotransferase —, isoenzymes 815, 847 , metabolism 987 —, circadian rhythms 323 -, determination 222 —, colipase 720 , rat brain 987 norepinephrine 234 output control 585 —, methaemoglobin 847 neonates -, plasma ovary —, pancreatic secretory trypsin -, prolactin 853 normal distribution 1145 -, cancer 815, 840 inhibitor 737 —, serum 853 -, inadequacy 1145 —, isoamylases 815 —, serum 737 neoplasms see also cancer, —, in establishing assigned —, serum enzymes 840 —, trypsin 737 carcinoma, malignant values 1145 -, function 812 —, serum 737 diseases, tumour normetanephrin 987 —, progesterone 812 paracetamol -, haematological 694 nucleoside oxidase , saliva 812 —, assay 806 —, neopterine 694 RNase assay 773 —, perfusates 756 —, enzymatic 806 , urine 694 nucleosides —, 3,17-androstanediols —, poisoning 705 neopterine —, modified 639 756 PARALLEL analyser 759 -, urine 615, 694 —, HPLC 639 oxalate —, system 230 —, gynaecological tumours nucleotides -, calcium 295 pattern recognition techniques 615 —, luminometry 666 —, crystal growth 295 713 —, neoplasms 694 5'-nucleotide phosphodieste• , inhibition 295 D-penicillamine , haematological 694 rase -, plasma 815 -, radical scavenger 766 XXXVIII penicillinase 953 phosphatase phospholipids plasma penicillins -, acid -, lipoproteins 792 -, deoxycorticosterone 387 -, inhibitors 953 —, assay 706 -, metabolism 771 —, radioimmunoassay 387 —, of penicillinase 953 —, control material 824 —, lung 771 -, DNA 691 -, mercaptides 953 , stability 824 , enzymes 771 —, lupus erythematosus 691 —, with p-chloromercuri- —, control samples 351 —, serum 792 -, DNA antibodies 691 benzoate 953 —, isoenzymes 835 phosphorus see also phosphate —, lupus erythematosus 691 , absorbance coefficients —, prostate 590, 718, 835 —, inorganic 1001 -, dopamine 234 953 , enzyme immunoassay —, determination 1001 -, electrolytes 49, 762 pentraxins 1201 590 , methodology 1001 —, flow through analysis 49 peptide --, prostatic 850, 866 photometer 718 —, potentiometry 762 -, cancer associated 705 , radioimmunoassay phylloporphyrin 44 -, enzymes 617 peptide hormones 866 phytanic acid 224 —, short term variations -, HPLC 832 , tumour marker 850 -, serum 617 peptide substrates —, rheumatoid arthritis 884 —, gas chromatography -, epinephrine 234 -, coagulation assay 663 —, seminal fluid 626 phytoprophyrin 44 -, fibronectin 851 C-peptide , infertility 626 pituitary —, immunoturbidimetry diabetes 776 -, alkaline 242, 594, 596, -, function 804 851 perfluorotributylamine 267 625, 707, 748, 800, 833, -, rat 845 -, glucose 239, 678 permeability 849, 885, 1132, 1181 —, oestrogen receptor 845 —, kinetic assay 239 -, intestine 265 —, additives 625 placenta —, y-glutamyltransferase 682 —, measurement 265 , test kits 625 -, cystyl aminopeptidase 145 -, haloperidol 679 peroxidase —, bone 594 plasma —, hormones 846 -. horseradish 435 , Immunoelectrophoresis -, aldosterone 387 —, hyperinsulinism 846 —, determination 435 594 —, radioimmunoassay 387 —, 18-hydroxycorticosterone , chromogens 435 —, control materials 626 -, amino acids 643, 698 387 -, Potentiometrie assay 838 —, detection 885 —, burn disease 643 —, radioimmunoassay 387 peroxidation —, determination 849 —, low caloric diet 698 -, 18-hydroxydeoxycorti- -, lipids 608 —, isoenzymes 748, 800 -, amiodaron 599, 752 costerone 387 peroxide , cholestasis 748 —, HPLC 599 —, radioimmunoassay 387 —, metabolism 608 —, kidney 1132 —, androgens 689 —, lecithin: cholesterol acyl- -, enzymes 608 —, lipoprotein-X complex —, in exercise 689 transferase 827 peroxyoxalate 639 242 -, androstanediols 853 —, ß-blocker 827 phaeochromocytoma 479 —, liver 596, 833 —, fragmentography 853 -, lidocaine 651 phagocytosis , rat 596 —, 5a-androstane-3ß, 17ß- —, peridural anaesthesia luminescence 581, 582 —, microsomal 1181 diol 291 651 phalloidin , human tissues 1181 —, radioimmunoassay 291 -, lipids 672, 791, 827 liver injury 680 , catalytic concentra• -, 5ct-androstan-3a, 17ß-diol —, ß-blocker 827 pharmaceuticals tions 1181 291 --, distribution 791 -, assay 659 , lectin affinity 1181 —, radioimmunoassay 291 —, jejunoileal bypass 672 pharmacokinetics , multiple forms 1181 —, antiepileptics 305, 839 —, variability 827 -, Cortisol 659 —, plasma 596 —, gaschromatography 839 -, lipoproteins 791 glucocorticoids 659 , sickle cell anaemia -, antithrombin-III 796 —, distribution 791 -, methotrexate 882 596 -, apolipoproteins 673, 864 —, a2-macroglobulin 877 phenobarbital —, serum 707 —, assay 673 —, reference values 877 -, gas chromatography 305 , pregnancy 707 —, immunonephelometry -, myelin basic protein 1067 —, protein binding 716 , pregnancy toxaemia 864 —, enzyme immunoassay -, serum 249 707 —, carotene 860 1067 —, enzyme immunoassay —, urine 1132 —, children 860 -, netilmicin 656 249 -, prostatic 883 -, catecholamines 690 —, monitoring 656 —, gas chromatography 249 —, serum 883 -, CEA 961 -, norepinephrine 234 phenobarbitone , radioimmunoassay -, cholesterol 815, 850 —, oestradiol 665 -, and y-glutamyltransferase 883 —, chemiluminescence assay —, oxalate 815 632 phosphate see also phosphorus 815 —, chemiluminescence —, liver 632 -, bile 629 —, HDL 850 assay 815 , Guinea pig 632 —, interference 1063 -, cholesterol ester hydrolase —, phenobarbital 305 phenothiazines —, atomic absorption 747 -, phenytoin 305 -, assay 808 spectrometry 1063 -, corticoids 823 —, phosphatase alkaline 596 -, effects 754 , calcium 1063 —, HPLC 823 —, sickle cell anamia crisis phenylalanine -, urine 323 —, corticosterone 387 596 -, plasma 1194 —, circadian rhythms 323 —, radioimmunoassay 387 -, polyamines 159, 216, 652 phenylketonuria 228 phosphatides -, corticotropin 75, 830 —, liver insufficiency 159 -, carriers -, glycerol 7 —, radioimmunoassay 75 —, melanoma 652 —, frequency phosphatidylglycerol , reference range 75 —, and testis carcinoma Phenytoin —, amniotic fluid 807 -, Cortisol 665, 771 216 -, gas chromatography 305 phospholipase C 7 —, luminescence immuno• -, prealbumin 837 -, saliva 707 phospholipids assay 771 —, enzyme immunoassay —, composition 707 —, administration 779 -, creatine kinase 758 837 -, serum 249 —, lipids 779 —, isoenzymes 758 -, primidone 305 —, enzyme immunoassay —, choline containing 223, —, cardiovascular surgery —, progesterone 602 249 788 758 —, enzyme immunoassay —, gas chromatography 249 —, amniotic fluid 223 -, cyanocobalamin 629 602 phosphatase —, serum 788 —, HPLC 629 -, protein 590 -, acid 351, 590, 626, 706, —, insoluble 219 -, dehydroepiandrosterone —, profile 590 718, 824, 835, 850, 866. —, amniotic fluid 219 665 , cancer 590 884 XXXIX plasma polyamines pregnancy prostaglandin(s) -, proteins 323, 591, 640, -, erythrocytes -, monitoring 803, 804 —, urine 753, 776 669, 919 —, tumour markers 877 -, oestrogens 833 prostate —, circadian rhythm 323 -, plasma 159, 216, 652 —, urine 833 phosphatase, acid 590, —, liver injury 669 —, liver insufficiency 159 -, steroids 688 718, 835, 866, 883 —, non-albumin fraction —, melanoma 652 —, urine 688 —, enzyme immunoassay 919 —, and testis carcinoma 216 , hypertension 688 590 , precipitation 919 —, urine 216 test 696 —, radioimmunoassay 866 , with polyethylene —, and testis carcinoma 216 -, toxaemia 707 —, serum 883 glykol 919 polychlorinated biphenyl —, copper 707 , radioimmunoassay —, tumour monitoring 640 -, poisoning 636 , serum 707 883 —, of unknown function —, lipids 636 —, phosphatase, alkaline steroid receptors 631 591 , serum 636 707 protease -, prothrombin 224, 717 polyethylene glycol , serum 707 -, carrageenin inflammation —, photometric assay 224 —, plasma proteins 919 -, trace elements 633 784 pyridoxal-5'-phosphate —, precipitation 919 —, vitamins 633 —, inhibitors 643 795 polyethylene glycol 400 pregnancy specific ßi-glyco• —, and trypsin-a:-macio- —, haemodialysis 795 -, urine 265 protein globulin complex 643 -, rat 1033 —, gas chromatography 265 —, diagnostic significance 591 proteinase —, kallikrein 1033 polysaccharides —, foetal distress 654 —, assay 238 -, retinol binding protein —, oversulphated 782 -, predictive value 831 —, fluorimetric 238 837 porphobilinogen synthase serum 803,866,943, 1197 protein binding —, enzyme immunoassay -, defect 655 —, method comparison 943 -, phenobarbital 716 837 porphyria —, pregnancy 803 protein binding assay —, seminal 862 -, allylisopropylacetamide —, radio immunoassay 866, -, hydroxy-vitamin D 1043 —, carnitine 862 induced 757 1197 protein(s) -, serotonin 748 -, hepatic 655 , matrix effect 1197 -, assay 726 sex hormone binding porphyrinogen 43 —, testicular teratoma 943 —, fluorescence yield 726 globulin 832 porphyrins primidone -, calcium binding 598 —, assay 832 -, HPLC 771 —, gas chromatography 305 -, determination 234, 301 -, storage 1193 postgraduate education 772 -, serum 249 —, Coomassie Brilliant Blue —, amino acids 1193 potassium —, enzyme immunoassay G 250 301 -, testosterone 665 -, blood 762 249 —, receptor assay 234 -, triglycerides 850 —, potentiometry 762 —, gas chromatography 249 —, dialysis fluid 785 -, trypsinogen 816 —, erythrocytes 737, 856 principle component analysis -, glycosylated 81, 733 —. fluorimetry 816 —, digitalis poisoning 856 121 —, immunoelectrophoresis -, urate 815 —, sepsis 737 priority tests 866 —, chemiluminescence assay -, plasma 762 processing 783 -, light scattering 233 815 —, potentiometry 762 productivity —, nephelometry 650 -, uric acid 226 —, potentiometry 640, 668 clinical chemical laboratory -, plasma 323,591,640,669 vitamin A 860 -, serum 323, 762 697 —, circadian rhythms 323 --, children 860 —, circadian rhythms 323 profile testing 586 —, liver injury 669 -, vitamin E 860 —, potentiometry 762 progesterone —, tumour monitoring 640 --, children 860 -, urine 323 —, chemiluminescence immu• —, of unknown function -, volume 919 —, circadian rhythms noassay 798 591 —, determination 919 potentiometry haemopexin 861 -, profile 590 plasma emission spectrometry electrolytes 49, 762 -, myoglobin 861 —, plasma 590 -, calcium 817 fluoride 838 —, plasma 602 —, cancer 590 —, chromium 817 -, peroxidase 838 —, enzyme immunoassay —, seminal plasma 755 plasminogen -, peroxide 838 602 serum 379, 581, 645, 659, -, assay 709, 871 -, phosphate 629 —, pregnancy 804 667, 680, 712, 730, 741, platelet(s) —, potassium 640, 668 -, radioimmunoassay 229 817 -, acyl-CoA 664 -, sodium 640, 668 -, receptor 713, 822 —, control material 817 -, Co ASH 664 prealbumin —, breast tumour 822 --, EKTACHEM procedure factor 3 693, 780 -, plasma 837 -, receptors 609, 844 841 quality control 798 —, enzyme immunoassay —, assay 844 —, electrophoresis 712 -, rheooptical shape 798 837 —, breast cancer 609 —, fractions 379 platinum precision -, saliva 236,602, 812 , reference values 379 -, complexes 867 -, clinical laboratory 770 —, ovary function 812 —, immunoturbidimetry 645 —, adenine 867 -, improvement 645 -, serum 236 —, laboratory animals 581 —, adenosine 867 predictive value 677 progestin receptors 801 —, and methotrexate 667 plausibility control 701 —, C-reactive protein 760 prolactin —, rat 680 pleura —, amniotic fluid 760 -, neuroleptics 751 —, schistosomiasis 659 —, effusions 853 , diabetes 760 -, serum 323, 853 —, tryptophan fluorescence —, enzymes 853 —, steroid receptors 631 —, circadian rhythms 323 730 pneumonia —, prostate 631 —, neonates 853 -, trace 590 —, children 606 prednisolone proline —, enzyme immunoassay —, lipoproteins 606 -, corticoid assay 823 -, plasma 1194 590 , serum 606 pregnancy promegestone 650 -, urine 203, 653, 659, 764 polarimetry -, anaemia 633 prostacyclin —, cisplatin 653 —, a-amylase 1057 —, chloroquine 661 -, haemostasis 666 —, determination 203 polyamines -, diabetics 800 prostaglandin(s) 387 —, schistosomiasis 659 -, blood 652 —, oestriol 800 -, synthesis 675 —, UV-spectrometry 764 —, melanoma 652 , plasma 800 —, and lipopolysaccharides proteinuria 203 -, erythrocytes 877 -, liver function 803 675 —, after burn injury 244 XL proteinuria quality control radioimmunoassay reference method -, differentiation 736 -, cuvettes 41 -, oestrogen conjugates 781 —, calcium kidney disease 729 -, enzymes 222 -, phosphatase 883 —, serum 395, 413 -, newborn 772 -, haematology 220, 782 —, prostatic 883 —, haemoglobin 517 -, rat 682 -, hormone assay 834 -, phosphatase, acid 835, reference range(s) -, renal injury 695 -, Hungary 855 866 -, corticotropin 75 -, screening 997 -, oestrogens 875 —, prostatic 866 -, elderly 617 —, test strips 997 --, urine 875 -, pregnancy specific ßj -gly• reference regions proteoglycan(s) -, platelets 798 coprotein 866, 943, 1197 —, multivariate 692 -, synthesis 684, 731 -, programme 824 —, serum 1197 —, univariate 692 —, liver injury 684 -, receptor assay 227, 680 , matrix effects 1197 reference values —, and thyroxine 731 -, serum 875 -, progesterone 229 -, a-amylase 871 proteolytic activity -, steroid receptors 722 -, radioiodination 1051 -, antithrombin III 223 -, faeces 754 —, thyroxine 801 -, renin 724 —, apolipoproteins 701 —, meconium 754 -, triiodothyronine 801 -, separation 641 -, cholesterol 240 -, amniotic fluid 810 Quick test 89 —, magnetic 641 —, HDL-cholesterol 240 prothrombin -, standardization 604 somatostatin 724 —, determination 676 -, plasma 224, 717 quinones -, standard curve 441 -, fluoride 1039 —, photometric assay 224 —, assay 779 —, suitable functions for 441 —, urine 1039 -, standardisation 660 -, thyrotropin 886 —, haemoglobin 229 prothrombin time R 1881 801 -, thyroxine 191, 195, 453, —, glycosylated 229 -, standardization 604 R 2858 650 735, 741 -, hydroxyproline 209 proton-induced X-ray emission R 5020 650 —, tracer 191, 195 —, urine 209 -, bromine 887 radial separation -, thyroxine, free 632, 842, -, ion 219 -, chromium 887 -, immunomatrix assay 678 846 —, serum 219 -, copper 887 radical scavenger 766 -, triiodothyronine 447, 657 —, lipoprote^electrophoresis 701 -, iron 887 radioassay radioiodination 1051 -, a2-macroglobulin 877 -, nickel 887 -, folate 702 radioisotopes 546 —, plasma 877 -, selenium 887 -, folic acid 635 -, clinical chemistry —, serum 877 protoporphyrin 44 -, vitamin Bl2 635 -, history 491 —, proteins 379 pseudo-T4 195 radioimm unoassay radioprotectors —, serum 379 pseudoCholinesterase 789 -, acebutolol 682 -, ATPase 638 —, ribonuclease 17 psychiatric patients -, aldosterone 387 —, erythrocyte membrane —, serum 17 —, chlorpromazine meta• -, 5a-androstan-3a, 17ß-diol 638 -, variety 870 bolism 653 291 rat —, xanthurenic acid 259 pump 718 —, plasma 291 -, clinical chemistry 676 —, urine 259 purine nucleotides -, 5ct-androstane-3ß, 17ß, -, DNA synthesis 680 renal failure -, acute lymphoblastic leu• diol 291 --, liver 680 -, chloride 869 kaemia 595 —, plasma 291 -, liver 829 —, urine 869 —, HPLC 595 —, antigens 878 —, enzyme pattern 829 retinol purines --, la like 878 -, proteins 680 -, binding protein 837 -, backflow 238 , melanoma 878 —, serum 680 —, plasma 837 putrescine -, bradykinin 165 -, serum 829 —, enzyme immunoassay 837 -, plasma 159, 216 —, calcitonin 879 —, enzyme pattern 829 —, serum 235, 657 —, liver insufficiency 159 -, corticosterone 387 C-reactive protein —, HPLC 657 —, and testis carcinoma 216 -, corticotropin 75, 724 -, enzyme immunoassay 686 reflectometry 233 -, urine 216 —, plasma 75 -, meningitis 819 —, urine analysis —, and testis carcinoma 216 -, Cortisol 427, 618 receiver operating charac• regeneration pyridoxal-5'-phosphate 259 —, dehydroepiandrosterone teristic curve 173 —, liver, rat 465 —, aminotransferases 719 sulfate 618 receptor(s) —, glycosaminoglycan —, erythrocytes 719 -, deoxycorticosterone 387 -, ß-adrenergic 801, 863 synthesis 465 —, serum 719 -, diacetolol 682 -, androgen 801 regression analysis 121, 676 -, blood 237 -, drugs 612 -, assay 227, 234, 680, 683 —, cabibration curve 676 -, plasma 795 -, ß-endorphin 724 —, control material 680 reliability control 585 , haemodialysis 795 -, ferritin 598, 947 —, correction 683 renal failure pyrimidine nucleotides -, follitropin 649 —, protein determination —, lithium 672 -, acute lymphoblastic —, gastrin 724 234 —, serum 672 leukaemia 595 -, hepatitis B immunoglobu• —, quality control 227 renin -, HPLC 595 lins 13 -, insulin 714 —, radioimmunoassay 724 pyroglutamic acid -, human placental lactogen -, muscarinic 863 rheooptical shape -, homocystinuria 851 866 -, oestradiol 844 -, platelets 798 pyrroporphyrin 44 -, 18-hydroxycorticosterone —, assay 844 rhesus isoimmunisation 654 pyruvate dehydrogenase 387 -, oestrogen 609, 713, 749, rheumatoid arthritis —, deficiency 622 -, 18-hydroxydeoxycorti- 805, 865 —, synovial fluid 622 —, regulation deficient 657 costerone 387 —, breast cancer 609 —, collagenase 622 -, 6/3-hydroxycortisol 525 —, standard 865 rheumatoid factor quality assurance , urine 525 -, progesterone 609, 713, —, laser nephelometry 1125 -, programme 664 -, insulin 441 844 -, nephelometry 648 -, scheme 603 -, kallikrein 1033 —, assay 844 -, serum 722 , thyroxine binding —, rat urine 1033 —, breast cancer 609 rhodoporphyrin 44 globulin 603 -, laboratory 630 -, progestin 801 rhythms see also circadian quality control 214, 243, —, lutropin 649 reference material rhythm, diurnal variation 1137, 1145, 1153, 1167 -, with monoclonal antibodies -, calcium 395, 413 —, circadian 323 —, amylase 786 745 reference method —, adrenaline 323 —, clinical chemistry 823 -, myoglobin 213, 636 -, calcium 395, 413 , serum 323 XLI rhythms see also circadian S-2288 868 sepsis serum rhythm, diurnal variation S-2366 868 —, sodium -, cephalexin —, circadian saliva —, erythrocytes 737 —, determination 35 —, composition 707 Seralyzer system 859 , fluorimetric 35 , urine 3-23 —, phenytoin 707 serine , microbiological 35 —, blood cells 323 -, corticoids 823 -, plasma 1194 -, chloramphenicol 879 —, calcium 323 -, HPLC 823 serotonin —, enzyme immunoassay , urine 323 -, Cortisol 685 -, plasma 748 879 —, catecholamines 479 —, 25-hydroxy vitamin D 662 serum -, cholesterol 838, 1013 , urine 479 -, progesterone 236, 602, —, N-acetyl-ß-D-glucosamini- —, age dependency 1013 —, clinical chemical para• 812 dase 792, 793 —, body weight dependency meters 323 —, enzyme immunoassay —, diabetes 792, 793 1013 , serum 323 602 -, acute phase proteins 1201 —, enzymatic determination , urine 323 —, ovary function 812 —, adrenaline 323 838 —, Cortisol 323 sample —, circadian rhythm 323 —, sex dependency 1013 , serum 323 -, preparation 115, 822 -, albumin 808, 841, 728 HDL cholesterol 273, , urine 323 —, receptor assay 822 —, EKTACHEM procedure 627, 743 —, creatinine 323 —, trace element analysis 841 —, coronary heart disease , serum 323 115 —, immunoturbidimetry 627, 743 —, endocrinological para• , sources of error 115 808 -, Cholinesterase 743, 825 meters 323 -, splitting 232, 1107 -, aluminium 233, 826 —, coronary heart disease , serum 323 —, optimization 232, 1107 —, atomic abserption spec• 743 , urine 323 sampling trometry 233 —, clearing 799 —, haematological para• —, trace element analysis 115 —, haemodialysis 826 —, hyperlipaemia 799 meters 323 —, sources of error 115 -, amikacin 739 -, clinical chemical para• —, haemoglobin 323 Sanfllippo syndrome 220 —, HPLC 739 meters 323 —, homovanillic acid 323 Scatchard plot 805 -, aminotransferases 719 —, circadian rhythm 323 , urine 323 schistosomiasis 729 a-amylase 735, 768, 854, —, coeruloplasmin 870 —, iron 323 —, proteins 659 871 —, tumour marker 870 , serum 323 —, serum 659 —, age dependence 735 —, complement 795 —, magnesium 323 —, urine 659 —, isoenzymes 768, 854 -, constituents 716 , serum 323 screening —, reference values 871 —, body cavity fluid 701, —, noradrenaline 323 —, Duchenne muscular -, antiepileptics 249, 813 716 , serum 323 dystrophy 828 —, determination 249 —, variation 701 , urine 323 -, dyslipidaemia 615 -, antitrypsin 740 , intraindividual 701 —, phosphate 323 —, newborns 615 —, alcohol intoxication —, converting enzyme 228 , urine 323 -, electrobiography 769 740 -, copper 62, 607 —, potassium 323 —, fluorine exposure 785 -, a,-antitrypsin 652, 794 —, pregnancy 607 , serum 323 -, hexosaminidase deficiency —, assay 652 —, pregnancy toxaemia 607 , urine 323 584 —, complexed form 794 -, Cortisol 323, 746, 804 —, prolactin 323 —, hyperlipoproteinaemia apolipoproteins 848 —, circadian rhythm 323 , serum 323 856 --, diabetes 848 , HPLC 746, 804 —, proteins 323 -, hypothyreosis 774, 781, -, HDL apolipoprotein AI —, radioimmunoassay 427 , plasma 323 819 273 -, creatine 861 —, rectal temperature 323 -, liver cancer 791 -, aspartate aminotransferase —, enzyme electrode 861 —, sodium 323 -, pancreas function 745 81 —, tumour marker 850 , urine 323 -, M-protein 730 —, enzymatically active 811. —, creatine kinase 539, 825 —, somatotropin 323 -, proteinuria 997 —, immunochemically active —, after Clofibrate 539 , serum 323 -, urinary infection 821 811 —, effect of light 825 —, urea 323 urine 228 -, bile acids 665, 760 —, creatine kinase MB 231 , serum 323 —, test strips 228 —, liver diseases 760 —, immunoinhibition test —, testosterone 323 SDI chart 785 -, bilirubin 243, 881 231 , serum 323 sediment —, 6-bilirubin 881 -, creatinine 323, 601, 765, —, vanilmandelic acid 323 -, urine 587, 588 —, bilirubin species 748 861 , urine 323 —, electron microscopy 587 —, HPLC 748 —, circadian rhythm 323 —, volume 323 —, MD-Kova-System 587, -, calcium 395, 413, 714, —, enzyme electrode 861 , urine 323 588 734, 821 —, method comparison 601 riboflavin 236 sedimentation rate —, Kodak EKTACHEM —, micromethod 820 —, blood -, erythrocytes 687 734 11-deoxycortisol 804 ribonuclease selenium —, ionic 714, 821 —, HPLC 804 -, assay 773 -, blood 617 —, reference method 395, -, disopyramide 687 —, erythrocytes 643 —, horse 617 413 -, drugs 881 -, pancreas 774 -, proton-induced X-ray —, carbamazepine 249 —, turbidimetry 881 —, serum 17 emission 887 —, enzyme immunoassay -, electrolytes 606, 762 —, age dependency 17 -, serum 593, 793 249" —, high altitude 606 ribonucleosides --, liver 593 —, gas chromatography 249 —, potentiometry 762 —, urine 55 seminal plasma -, carcinoembryonic antigen -, electrophoresis 379 —, age dependency 55 chemistry 715 339, 618 —, fully automated 379 risk value 1211 -, proteins 755 -, catecholamines 841 -, endocrinological para• ristocetin sepsis —, extraction 841 meters 323 -, platelet factor 3 780 -, ATP 737 —, HPLC 841 —, circadian rhythms 323 ROC curve 1211 —, erythrocytes 737 -, cefotaxin 279 -, enzyme patterns 603 -, potassium 737 —, determination 279 —, liver metastases 603 S-2160 868 —, erythrocytes 737 —, enzymatic 279 -, enzymes 782, 859, 878 S-2238 868 —, sodium 737 —, cephalexin 35 —, asphyxia 878 XLII rum serum serum serum enzymes —, iron —, noradrenaline 323 —, rheumatoid factor 722, infarct size 859 —, reference values 219 —, circadian rhythm 323 1125 -. organ injury 782 -, isoamylase 616 -, oestriol 803 —, laser nephelometry —, ethanol 782 -, isoenzymes 782 —, pregnancy 803 1125 . ovary cancer 840 —, organ injury 782 -, organic acids 654 —, ribonuclease 17 ethosuximide 249 , ethanol 782 -, oxalate 1103 , age dependency 17 . enzyme immunoassay -, lactate 877 —, pancreatic secretory -, selenium 593, 793 249 —, lactate dehydrogenase trypsin inhibitor 737 —, liver diseases 593 . gas chromatography 249 606, 668, 755, 767 —, pancreatitis 737 —, sialic acid 623 ferritin 598, 599, 690 --, cold lability 767 -, phenobarbital 249 , malignant diseases 623 . enzyme immunoassay --, hepatitis B 755 , enzyme immunoassay —, sodium 323 599 —, high altitude 606 249 , circadian rhythm 323 . liver disease 690 —, isoenzymes 668 —, gas chromatography 249 -, somatotropin 323, 830 . radioimmunoassay 598 -, lipase 225, 722, 735 -, phenytoin 249 —, atherosclerosis 830 a-foetoprotein 845 —, age dependence 735 —, enzyme immunoassay , circadian rhythm 323 . immunoassay 845 —, interference 722 249 —, steroid hormones 71 folic acid 635 —, method comparison 225 —, gas chromatography 249 —, extraction 71 . radioassay 635 -, lipids 636, 746, 800, 806, -, phosphatase 850, 884 —, fractionation 71 follitropin 649 852 —, acid 884 —, testosterone 323 . radioimmunoassay 649 —, atherosclerosis 806 , rheumatoid arthritis , circadian rhythm 323 fucosyltransferase 744 —, burn disease 800 884 —, tetramycin 762 . tumour marker 744 —, low caloric diet 746 —, prostatic 850, 883 , HPLC 762 gangliosides 847 —, polychlorinated biphenyl , radioimmunoassay 883 —, thyrotropin 240 . extraction 847 poisoning 636 , tumour marker 850 , enzyme immunoassay gentamicin 762 -, lipoproteins 606, 642, —, phosphatase, alkaline 607 240 , HPLC 762 738, 806, 874 —, pregnancy 607 -, thyroxine 347, 453 glucose 239, 639, 675, —, atherosclerosis 806 —, pregnancy toxaemia 607 , free 347 859, 977 —, children 606 —, phosphate 323 , radioimmunoassay 453 , chemiluminescence assay , pneumonia 606 —, circadian rhythm 323 —, thyroxine binding globulin 639 —, coronary artery disease -, phospholipids 788, 792 217, 603, 848 , kinetic assay 239 642 —, choline containing 788 —, determination 848 , methodology 977 —, fractionation 874 -, phytanic acid 224 , enzyme immunoassay y-glutamyltransferase 705 —, method comparison 738 , gas chromatography 224 217 880 -, lipoprotein X 798 —, potassium 323 —, quality assurance scheme , multiple forms 880 —, assay 798 —, circadian rhythm 323 603 . paracetamol poisoning -, lithium 672 —, potentiometry 640 -, total protein 841 705 —, renal failure 672 —, pregnancy specific ßi-gly• , EKTACHEM procedure y-glutamyltranspeptidase -, liver disease 601 coprotein 803, 866, 943, 841 803 -, lutropin 649 1197 —, transferrin 731 , ß-thalassaemia major —, radioimmunoassay 649 —, pregnancy 803 -, triglycerides 1013 803 -, lysozyme 726 —, radioimmunoassay 1197 —, age dependency 1013 glycerol phosphatides 7 -, macro amylase 241 , matrix effect 1197 —, body weight dependency , determination 7 -, macro creatine kinase BB —, testicular teratoma 943 1013 —, enzymatic 7 925 -, primidone 249 —, sex dependency 1013 glycogen Phosphorylase -, ob-macroglobulin 287,877 —, enzyme immunoassay -, triiodothyronine 447,911 809 —, assay 287 249 —, enzyme immunoassay , myocardial infarction , amidolytic 287 —, gas chromatography 249 447, 911 809 —, reference values 877 -, progesterone 236 , radioimmunoassay 447 glycosaminoglycans 775 -, magnesium 323, 595 -, prolactin 323, 853 —, Y-t°coPnerol 235 , atherosclerosis 775 —, circadian rhythm 323 —, circadian rhythm 323 —, trypsin 735, 737 haemoglobin 971 —, coronary heart disease —, neonates 853 —, age dependence 735 , free 971 595 -, protein 301, 730 —, pancreatitis 737 haemiglobin reductase -, mannitol 139 —, determination 301 -, uric acid 226, 613, 708, 766 —, determination 139 , Coomassie Brilliant 734, 759 , liver diseases 766 , enzymatic 139 Blue G 250, 301 , ABTS 759 HDL 720 -, metabolism 695 —, tryptophan fluorescence , HPLC 708 , kidney transplantation —, obesity 695 730 —, Kodak EKTACHEM 720 -, N'-methylhistamine 226 -, proteins 379, 581, 645, 734 hepatitis B 283 -, mexiletine 1189 659, 667, 712, 723, 817 -, urea 820, 859 , cytotoxicity 283 —, gas-liquid chromato• —, chromatography 723 —, assay 820 HPLC 885 graphy 1189 —, control material 817 —, uric acid 859 human placental lactogen -, Qi-microglobulin 709 —, electrophoresis 712 -, valproic acid 711 803, 866 -, ß2-microglobulin 339, 709 —, immunoturbidimetry -, vanilmandelic acid 323 , pregnancy 803 —, breast cancer 339 645 , circadian rhythm 323 hydroxyacids 640 -, monoamine oxidase 792 —, laboratory animals 581 —, vitamin B 635 hydroxyproline 654, 679, —, connective tissue diseases —, and methotrexate 667 —, radioassay 635 859 792 —, reference values 379 —, vitamin E 614 , rheumatoid arthritis 859 -. myocardial infarction 634 —, schistosomiasis 659 , HPLC 614 immunoglobulins 67 -, myoglobin 213, 634, 636 —, pseudoCholinesterase 789 —, volume 323 , turbidimetry 67 —, after exercise 213 -, quality control 876 —, circadian rhythm 323 iron 219, 323, 967 —, myopathies 636 -, rat 829 -, D-xylose 621 , circadian rhythm 323 -, netilmicin 873- —, enzyme pattern 829 —, enzymatic assay 621 , coulometry 967 —, enzyme immunoassay —, retinol 235 -, zinc 242, 662 —, potentiostatic 967 873 —, HPLC 657 —, diagnostic value 242 sex spectrophotometer storage testicular teratoma determination 665 -, Beckman Model 42 600 —, glucose samples 678 pregnancy specific prenatal 665 sperm -, plasma 1193 ß i-glycoprotein sex dependency —, lactate dehydrogenase 883 —, amino acids 1193 —, serum 943 —, cholesterol 1013 —, isoenzymes 883 stressor testis 216 —, serum 1013 spermidine clinical chemical para• -, carcinoma -, triglycerides 1013 -, plasma 216 meters 820 —, polyamines —, serum 1013 —, liver insufficiency 159 structural relationship model testosterone sex differences —, and testis carcinoma 216 —, comparison of analytical -, amniotic fluid 665 -, lipoproteins 715 -, urine 216 methods 121 -, assay 835 sex hormone binding globulin —, and testis carcinoma 216 substrate —, interference 835 -, plasma 832 spermine -, kallikrein 165 , danazol 835 shock -, plasma 216 substrates -, enzyme immunoassay 659 endotoxic 675 —, liver insufficiency 159 -, chromogenic 287, 357 —, plasma 665 -, metabolites 733 —, and testis carcinoma 216 -, cystyl aminopeptidase 145 —, serum 323 sialic acid -, urine 216 -, oxytocinase 145 —, circadian rhythms 323 cerebrospinal fluid 623 —, and testis carcinoma 216 sulfate tetracycline —, meningitis 623 splanchnic glucose output 777 —, interference 1063 —, derivations 609 -, serum 623 spot analysis —, atomic absorbance spec• —, cell respiration 609 —, malignant diseases 623 blood 770 trometry 1063 tetramycin sialylation stability , calcium 1063 -, serum 762 -, a,-acid glycoprotein 621 —, calculation 351 sulphaemoglobin tetrapyrroles —, cirrhotic sera 621 -, thermal 1021 —, determination 457 -, nomenclature 43 —, XLIV thyroxine transplantation tumour(s) see also cancer, car• urine -, evaluation 721 -, kidney 719, 720 cinoma, malignant diseases -, bacteriuria 821 -, free 347, 632, 842, 846, -, renal 660 -, gynaecological —, screening 821 854, 869, 872 —, apolipoproteins 660 —, neopterine 615 —, calculi 747 —, assay 872 triglycerides , urine 615 —, analysis 747 —, diagnostic application -, circadian variations 751 -, malignant 979 -, calcium 323, 713, 766 869 -, control material 671 —, cGMP 979 —, circadian rhythm 323, —, method comparison 846 -, plasma 850 , urine 979 766 —, radioimmunoassay 632, -, serum 746, 1013 -, monitoring 640 -, cAMP 766 842, 846 —, age dependency 1013 —, plasma proteins 640 —, circadian rhythm 766 —, serum 347 —, body weight dependency turbidimetry —, cancer associated peptide -, and proteoglycan synthesis 1013 -, drugs 881 705 731 —, low caloric diet 746 —, serum 881 —, cannabinosid 724 —, quality control 801 —, sex dependency 1013 -, fibrinogen 839 —, catecholamines 217, 479, —, radioimmunoassay 191, 3.3'.5-triiodo-L-thyronine -, immunoglobulins 67, 743 841 195, 735, 741 191, 195 —, cerebrospinal fluid 743 —, circadian rhythm 479 —, tracer 191, 195 triiodothyronine —, serum 67 —, extraction 841 —, serum 453 -, diabetes 729 -, methodology 844 —, HPLC 217, 841 —, radioimmunoassay 453 -, evaluation 721 -, transferrin 238, 846 -, cefotaxim 279 -thyroxine-binding globu• -, method 911 tyrosine —, determination 279 lin ratio 214 quality control 801 plasma 1194 , enzymatic 279 thyroxine binding globulin radioimmunoassay 657 -, cephalexin 35 191, 214, 608, 911, 217, -, serum 447, 911 ulcer —, determination 35 -, serum 217, 603, 848 —, enzyme immunoassay -, duodenal 683 , fluorimetric 35 —. determination 848 447, 911 ultrafiltration . microbiological 35 —. enzyme immunoassay —, radioimmunoassay 447 —, drug determination 642 -, cGMP 807, 979 217 trinitrobenzene uncertainty intervals 1145, —, and malignant tumours —. quality assurance scheme -, erythrocyte labelling 672 1153 979 603 trypsin uraemia —, tumours 807 L-thyroxine ethylester 191 -, complex with oti -macro- -, iron absorption 658 -, chloride 869 tickborne encephalitis virus globulin 287 urea 227, 323, 778, 820, 836, —, renal failure 869 691 -, a2-macroglobulm complex 859 -, chloroquine 661 tissue polypeptide antigen 643 -, assay 778 chromium 615 -, amniotic fluid 787 —, and protease inhibitors -, blood 820 —, atomic absorption spec• -, cancer 757 643 -, determination 227 trometry 615 —, follow up 757 -, serum 735, 737 —, multi-layer film techno• —, clinical chemical para• —, cord blood 787 —, age dependence 735 logy 227 meters 323 urine 787 —, pancreatitis 737 reutilisation 836 —, circadian rhythm 323 —, newborns 787 trypsin inhibitor -, serum 323, 820, 859 -, colipase 720 y-tocopherol 235 -, faeces 754 —, circadian rhythms 323 -, copper 541 —, serum -, meconium 754 uric acid 173, 226, 613, 708, -, Cortisol 323, 771 0-toluoylcholine 789 trypsinogen 733, 734, 759, 859 —, luminescence immuno• toxicity -, plasma 816 -, colorimetry 733 assay 771 -, antirheumatics 848 —, fluorimetry 816 -, gestosis 173 —, circadian rhythm 323 --, liver 848 tryptophan —, decision criteria 173 -, creatinine 375, 765, 766, -, methotrexate 882 -, load 249 -, HPLC 708 820 toxicology —, and pyridoxal phosphate -, Kodak EKTACHEM 734 —, circadian rhythm 766 analyses 218 259 -, plasma 226, 815 --, HPLC 375 -, clinical 818 -, plasma 1194 —, chemiluminescence assay —, micromethod 820 -, clinical chemistry 580 tumour associated antigens 815 -, determination 1103 —, drug detection 681 592 -, serum 226, 613, 759, 859 —, oxalate oxidase 1103 -, GC MS 627 tumour marker(s) 216, 339 —, ABTS 759 -, diagnostic 587 trace elements -, cervical carcinoma 678 urine —, electrolytes 49 -, analysis 115 -, coeruloplasmin 870 -, N-acetyl-ß-D-glucosamini- —, flow through analysis 49 —, sample preparation -, creatine kinase 850 dase 729, 730, 884 -, endocrinological para• 115 -, fucosyltransferase 744 -, adrenaline 323 meters 323 , sources of error 115 —, serum 744 —, circadian rhythm 323 —, circadian rhythm 323 , sampling 115 -, liver cancer 791 -, alanine aminopeptidase -, enzymes 653, 852, 1131 , sources of error 115 -, phosphatase, acid 850 704 —, cisplatin 653 -, blood 813 —, prostatic 850 -, albumin 614 —, and tetrathionate 1131 , multiple sclerosis 813 —, polyamines 877 —, nephelometry 614 —, examination 739 —, diabetes 667 —, erythrocytes 877 —, amino acids 643 —, history 739 -, hair 654 -, Tennessee antigen 592 —, burn disease 643 -, fluoride 608, 1039 , children 654 -, urine 705 -, a-amylase 688, 871, 1057 —, fluorosis 608 -, pregnancy 633 tumour(s) see also cancer, car• —, method comparison —, reference values 1039 training 235 cinoma, malignant diseases 1057 -, follitropin 649 -, clinical chemistry -, breast 822 —, Polarimetrie assay 1057 —, radioimmunoassay 649 tra.nscobalamin 230 —, receptor assay 822 —, reference values 871 —, glucaric acid 720, 875 transcortin 671 -, cells 657 —, test strip 688 —, drug metabolism 875 transferrin —, lung 657 -, analysis 233 —, liver function 875 -, nephelometry 686 , cold agglutinin recep• —, reflectometry 233 —, glucose 639 —, serum 731 tors 657 -, analytes 836 —, chemiluminescence assay -, turbidimetry 238, 846 -, cGMP 807 —, variation 836 639 tramsketolase —, urine 807 -, bacteria 725 -, Y-glutamyltranspeptidase -., assay 706 -, gynaecological 615 —, bioluminescence 725 729 XLV urine urine urokinase Vitatron XYP 757 , glycosaminoglycans 220 -, oxalate 1103 —, urine 794 volume - —, Sanfilippo syndrome —, determination 1103 —, renal failure 794 —, urine 323 - 220 , oxalate oxidase 1103 urolithiasis —, circadian rhythms 323 , guanidines 61 oxalic acid 630 -, oxalate 713, 714 volunteer -, guanidinoacetic acid 721 gout 630 uroporphyrin I 44 —, normal 699 -, homovanillic acid 323 -, 2-oxo-5-guanidinovaleric ursodeoxycholic acid —, definition 699 _- —, circadian rhythm 323 acid 61 -, tolerance test 605 von Willebrands disease , 6ß-hydroxycortisol 525 —, polyamines 216 —, diagnosis 780 -, 5-hydroxy-3-indole acetic —, and testis carcinoma 216 valine - acid 837 —, polyethylene glycol 400 -, isolation 497 Wales Quality Assessment , 3-hydroxy-3-methylglu- 265 —, nitrogen metabolism 828 Scheme 646 - taric acid 647 —, gas chromatography 265 -, plasma 1194 — —, diabetes 647 -, prostaglandins 753, 776 valproic acid xanthurenic acid , 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy- -, protein(s) 203, 244, 301, -, coagulopathy 658 -, reference values 259 - mandelic acid 214 653, 659, 729, 736, 764, -, gas chromatography 763 -, tryptophan load 259 , 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy- 997 -, HPLC 658 Z)-xylose - phenylacetic acid 214 —, after burn injury 244 —, method comparison 743 -, serum 621 — , hydroxyproline 209 —, cisplatin 653 -, serum 711 —, enzymatic assay 621 — , 3-hydroxyproline 617 —, determination 203, 301 —, gas chromatography 711 —, urine 621 , inhibition 295 , Coomassie Brillant valve 718 —, enzymatic assay 621 --, crystal growth 295 Blue G 250 301 vanilmandelic acid ---, oxalate 295 —, differentation 736 -, urine 323, 479 Yoga -, kallikrein 165 —, circadian rhythm 323, - —, schistosamiasis 659 -, blood constituents 607 -, determination 165 —, screening 997 479 Yoshida sarcoma 828 -—, substrate 165 —, UV spectrometry 764 , and adrenal function -, lactate 877 -, rat 1033 479 zinc -, lead 835 --, kallikrein 1033 variation —, binding proteins 757 -, leukocytes 231 , radioimmunoassay -, biological 836 —, liver 757 —- -, test strip 231 1033 —, urine analytes 836 , porphyria 757 , lignans 597 -, ribonucleosides 55 —, diurnal see diurnal varia• -, blood 596, 696 -, lutropin 649 —, determination 55 tion, circadian rhythm, —, burn disease 696 -—, radioimmunoassay 649 - , Chromatographie 55 rhythm —, sickle cell anaemia crisis , lysozyme 703 -, screening 228, 706 -, intraindividual 701, 800, 596 -, mercury 471 —, inherited diseases 706 827 -, brain 696 --, atomic absorption spec• --, test strips 228 —, serum constitutents 701 —, burn disease 696 - trometry 471 -, sediment 587, 588 -, interindividual 800 -, deficiency 871 — , Nl-methylhistamine 226 —, electron microscopy 587 verapamil —, diagnostic value 242 — , W-microglobulin 236, 695 --, MD-Kova-System 587, -, digoxin interaction 733 -, heart 696 —, renal tubular disorders 588 Vinca alkaloids 747 —, burn disease 696 - 236 -, solids 671 vitamin A 657 -, liver 696 , neopterine 615, 694 -, steroid hormones 71 vitamin A acid —, burn disease 696 -—, gynaecological tumours —, extraction 71 -, binding proteins 647 -, liver cells 757 - 615 —, fractionation 71 —, female genital tract 647 —, porphyria 757 — -, neoplasms 694 —, steroids 786 vitamin B!2 635 —, proton-induced X-ray —, haematological 694 —, gas chromatography 786 -, serum 635 emission 887 —- , newborns 787 —, 4-sulphoxy-3-methoxy- —, radioassay 635 —, seminal fluid 626 — -, carcinoembryonic phenylethylene glycol 616 vitamin D --, infertility 626 antigen 787 —, gas chromatography 616 -, hydroxy derivatives 1043 —, serum 662 -, a-foetoprotein 787 -, uric acid 708 —, protein binding assay zipeprol —- -, Tennessee antigen 787 —, HPLC 708 1043 —, biotransformation 25 -, tissue polypeptide -, urokinase 794 vitamin E -, gas chromatography 25 - antigen 787 —, renal failure 794 -, plasma 860 mass spectrometry 25 , noradrenaline 323 -, xanthurinic acid 259 --, children 860 zymogram -, circadian rhythm 323 —, D-xylose 621 -, serum 614 -, lactate dehydrogenase 867 —-. , oestrogens 833, 875 —, enzymatic assay 621 —, HPLC 614 -, pregnancy 833 urobilin 43 vitamins --, quality control 875 urobilinogen 43 -, pregnancy 633 XL VI