New Turkey” Narrative and Public Policy Change in Turkey1
THE “NEW TURKEY” NARRATIVE AND PUBLIC POLICY CHANGE IN TURKEY1 Dr. Fethi Ufuk OZISIK* Introduction AKP and the Evolution of Its Rule since 2002’s Legislative Elections The Justice and Development Party (“Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi”), abbreviated JDP in English and AK PARTİ or AKP in Turkish, is a social conservative political party in Turkey. It has developed from the tradition of Islamism, but has officially abandoned this ideology in favor of "conservative democracy" (Duran, 2008; Akdogan, 2006). The party is the largest in Turkey, with 312 members of parliament. Its leader, Ahmet Davutoglu, is Prime Minister, while former party leader Recep Tayyip Erdogan is President of Republic since 2014. Founded in 2001 by members of a number of existing conservative parties, the party has won three general election victories in 2002, 2007 and 2011, winning 34.3%, 46.6% and 49.8% respectively. Having almost won a two-thirds majority of the 550 parliamentary seats in 2002, the party won 341 seats in 2007 and 327 in 2011. The party currently forms a third- term majority government since 18 November 2002, having had their electoral success mirrored locally in the municipal elections of 2004, 2009 and 2014. Shortly after formation, the AKP portrayed itself as a pro-Western and pro- American2 party in the Turkish political spectrum that advocates a liberal market economy including Turkish membership in the European Union3. The party has been described as a “broad right-wing coalition of Islamist, reformist Islamists, conservatives, nationalists, centre- right, and pro-business groups.” (Soner, 2014). The party has for a long time been supported by the Cemaat Movement of exiled Islamic cleric Fethullah Gulen, whose influence in the judiciary has helped to weaken the opposition against the AKP.
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