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Class-5 Computer L-1 Generations of Computers CLASS-5 COMPUTER L-1 GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS BOOK EXERCISE A. Tick () the correct options. 1. Vacuum tubes were used to: a. amplify the signals () b. to input data ( ) c. to output data ( ) 2. Which one is an example of first generation computer? a. ENIAC () b. UNIVAC () c. IBM 360 ( ) 3. Which of the following were used to input the data in third generation computers? a. Chips ( ) b. punched cards ( ) c. keyboards () 4. Transistors were used in : a. First generation computers ( ) b. Second generation computers () c. Third generation computers ( ) 5. In which generation of computers were integrated circuits used? a. Fifth generation ( ) b. Fourth generation ( ) c. Third generation () B. Fill in the blanks. Heat FORTRAN artificial intelligence large room LSI VLSI 1. The vacuum tubes produced a large amount of heat. 2. First generation computers required a large room for the installation. 3. LSI and VLSI circuits were used in fourth generation computers. 4. FORTRAN is an example of a high-level language. 5. Fifth generation computers are based on artificial intelligence. C. State ‘True’ or ‘False’. 1. The concept of punched cards was used in the third generation of computer. FALSE 2. In fourth generation computers, transistors were used in place of vacuum tubes. FALSE 3. Microprocessor is a combination of LSI and VLSI circuits. TRUE 4. IC was smaller in size and more reliable than vacuum tubes and transistors. TRUE 5. Sac State 8008 was the world’s first complete microcomputer. TRUE CLASS-5 COMPUTER L-1 GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS D. Match the columns. Column A Column B Answer 1. Machine language a. Fifth generation (3) 2. Magnetic tapes b. First generation (1) 3. Optical fiber technology c. Super computer (5) 4. Cray-1 d. Fourth generation (4) 5. Mouse & handheld device e. Second generation (2) CLASS NOTES E. Short answer questions. 1. What was the use of punched card in first generation computers? Ans. Punched cards were used to feed data into the first generation computers. They performed computations in milliseconds, so were the fastest computers of that time. 2. What are vacuum tubes? Ans. Vacuum tube is a device that was used in the first generation computers to amplify electronic signals. 3. Write any two second generations of computers. Ans. The two second generations of computers are IBM 1620 and CDC 3600. 4. Who developed IC? Ans. An Integrated Circuit (IC) is a small electronic device which is made out of a semiconductor material. The first IC was developed in the 1950s by Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments and Robert Noyce of Fairchild Semiconductor, 5. Write any two characteristics of fourth generation computers. Ans. The two characteristics of fourth generation computers are 1. These computers are compact (small) in size. 2. These computers are reliable and cheaper. CLASS-5 COMPUTER L-1 GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS F. Long answer questions. 1. What do you understand by the term ‘generation’? Ans. The term generation refers to a step in technology. In other words, generation means the production or creation of something in a better way. Each generation of computers is marked by a major technological development. 2. Describe any four characteristics of third generation computers. Ans. The four characteristics of third generation computers are as follows: Integrated circuits were used in place of transistors. Computers were smaller in size, reliable, efficient, less expensive and faster than previous generations. High level languages were used during this generation. Therefore, it was quite easier to give instructions to the computers as compared to previous generations. Monitors and keyboards were introduced in third generation for input and output of data. 3. What is AI? Ans. A technology that enables a machine to think and take decision like human beings is known as Artificial Intelligence (AI).Fifth generation computers will based on AI, though there are some applications used such as voice recognition, robotics that are being used today. 4. Distinguish between first generation and second generation computers. Ans. First generation Second Generation Vacuum tubes were used as a Transistors were used as a hardware. hardware. Machine language were used. Assembly and some high level languages were used. Example: UNIVAC, ENIAC Example: IBM 1620, IBM 7094, CDC 1604, CDC 3600, UNIVAC 1108. .
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