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International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (Hereinafter, the “Convention” Or “CERD”)

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International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (Hereinafter, the “Convention” Or “CERD”) UNITED CERD NATIONS International Convention on Distr. the Elimination GENERAL of all Forms of CERD/C/471/Add.2 Racial Discrimination 1 September 2005 Original: ENGLISH COMMITTEE ON THE ELIMINATION OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION REPORTS SUBMITTED BY STATES PARTIES UNDER ARTICLE 9 OF THE CONVENTION Thirteenth periodic reports of States parties due in 2004 Addendum ISRAEL* ** [23 June 2005] * This document contains the tenth, eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth periodic reports of Israel, due on 2 February 1998, 2000, 2002 and 2004 respectively, submitted in one document. For the seventh, eighth and ninth periodic reports submitted in one document, and the summary records of the meetings at which the Committee considered those reports, see document CERD/C/294/Add.1 and CERD/C/SR.1250, 1251 and 1272. ** This report has not been edited before being submitted for translation. GE.05-43809 (E) 281005 CERD/C/471/Add.2 page 2 CONTENTS Page Introduction .................................................................................................................... 4 Article 2 ......................................................................................................................... 7 A. Measures to eliminate racial discrimination .......................................... 7 1. Measures preventing discrimination by all public authorities and institutions ............................................................................. 7 2. Not sponsoring or defending discrimination by persons or organizations ................................................................................ 8 3. Measures to review, amend, rescind or nullify governmental, national and local policies that create or perpetuate racial discrimination .............................................................................. 8 4. Measures to end discrimination by individuals and organizations ................................................................................ 12 5. Measures to encourage integrationalist multiracial organizations ................................................................................ 14 B. Social, economic, and cultural measures to ensure development and protection of racial groups .............................................................. 14 Article 3 ......................................................................................................................... 26 Article 4 ......................................................................................................................... 26 Article 5 ......................................................................................................................... 32 A. The right to equal treatment before the national tribunals ..................... 32 B. Security of the person ............................................................................ 36 C. Political rights ........................................................................................ 43 1. Access to the political system ...................................................... 43 2. Access to public service ............................................................... 45 CERD/C/471/Add.2 page 3 CONTENTS (continued) Page D. Civil rights ............................................................................................. 49 1. The right to freedom of movement and residence within the border of the State .................................................................. 49 2. The right to leave any country, including one’s own, and to return to one’s country ...................................................... 49 3. The right to nationality ................................................................ 51 4. Free choice of spouse .................................................................. 54 5. The right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion ........... 55 6. Freedom of opinion and expression ............................................ 58 7. Other civil rights .......................................................................... 59 E. Economic, social and cultural rights ...................................................... 61 1. The right to employment ............................................................. 61 2. The right to form and join trade unions ......................................... 66 3. The right to housing ..................................................................... 67 4. The right to public health, medical care, social security and social services ....................................................................... 74 5. The right to education and training .............................................. 79 6. The right to equal participation in cultural activities ................... 93 7. The right of access to places of service ....................................... 98 Article 6 ......................................................................................................................... 101 Article 7 ......................................................................................................................... 102 A. Education and teaching .......................................................................... 102 B. Culture ................................................................................................... 104 C. Information ............................................................................................ 105 Annexes ......................................................................................................................... 108 CERD/C/471/Add.2 page 4 Introduction 1. The Government of Israel welcomes the opportunity to present its 10th, 11th, 12th, and 13th periodic reports to the Committee for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination in accordance with the requirements of article 9, paragraph 1 (b) of the International Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Racial Discrimination (hereinafter, the “Convention” or “CERD”). The present combined report supplements Israel’s initial report and subsequent reports relating to the years 1982, 1984 and 1991 (CERD/C/192/Add.2), and 1993, 1995 and 1997 (CERD/C/294/Add.1).1 2. This report has been prepared by the Department for International Agreements and International Litigation at the Ministry of Justice with the assistance of other ministries, departments, agencies and entities of the Government of Israel. Israeli nongovernmental organizations (“NGOs”) were also invited to submit comments prior to the compilation of this report. 3. Racial discrimination is prohibited in Israel. The State of Israel condemns all forms of racial discrimination, and its government has maintained a consistent policy prohibiting such discrimination. The Israeli Government has taken constant measures to uphold the provisions of CERD since its ratification of this important instrument. 4. Since the submission of Israel’s last reports to the Committee in 1997, many new significant legislative, judicial and administrative developments relevant to the Convention have occurred. This combined report provides a comprehensive account of these developments. 5. A short summary of some of the most significant policy and legislative developments that have occurred in Israel since its last report to the Committee is provided below. We would note that while it will naturally take time for some of the more recent developments to translate into concrete results, in many areas substantial new measures that give effect to the provisions of the Convention have already come into effect. I. Legislative measures 6. Since 1998 significant new steps have been taken by the Israeli Parliament (the "Knesset") to promote tolerance and the elimination of racial discrimination in all its forms. Some noteworthy examples are included below. 7. The Knesset enacted legislation prohibiting discrimination against minority groups in the provision of pubic services, the Prohibition of Discrimination in Products, Services and Entry into Places of Entertainment and Public Places Law, 5761-2000 ("The Prohibition of Discrimination in Products, Services and Entry into Places of Entertainment and Public Places Law"). The Law prohibits discrimination by an individual operating a public place. Violation of this prohibition is both a civil wrong and a criminal offence punishable by fine. The law applies to the State as well and has been interpreted broadly as applying to a host of public places, including schools, libraries, pools, stores, and all other places serving the public. Court decisions have upheld this broad interpretation of the law. CERD/C/471/Add.2 page 5 8. The Knesset amended the Civil Service Law (Appointments), 5719-1959 ("The Civil Service Law (Appointments)"), in 1998 to institute affirmative action programs in the Civil Service hiring practices in order to ensure the adequate representation of minority groups. 9. Several amendments to the Penal Law 5739-1977 ("The Penal Law") created important tools to enable prosecution of racist incitement and "hate crimes". A 1994 amendment doubled the punishment for offences committed for a racist motive; a 2002 amendment added offences of incitement to violence and terror; and a November 2004 amendment added a section titled "Hate Offences". 10. The Pupils Rights Law, 5761-2000 ("The Pupils Rights Law") enacted in 2000, bans any form of discrimination concerning the registration of students by the governmental and local authorities or any educational institution (at Article 5 (A) (1)).
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