El Ejercicio De Poder En El Jujuy Colonial. Enlaces Y Tensiones Entre Las Jurisdicciones Eclesiásticas Y Civiles (Siglos XVI-XVIII)

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El Ejercicio De Poder En El Jujuy Colonial. Enlaces Y Tensiones Entre Las Jurisdicciones Eclesiásticas Y Civiles (Siglos XVI-XVIII) El ejercicio de poder en el Jujuy colonial. Enlaces y tensiones entre las jurisdicciones eclesiásticas y civiles (siglos XVI-XVIII) Estruch, Dolores Zanolli, Carlos E. 2015 Tesis presentada con el fin de cumplimentar con los requisitos finales para la obtención del título Doctor de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad de Buenos Aires en Antropología 1 PARA LEÓN, LLENO DE FUTURO. 2 ÍNDICE INTRODUCCIÓN. PUNTOS DE PARTIDA, TRAYECTOS DE UNA INVESTIGACIÓN 9 RACCONTO DE UNA INVESTIGACIÓN ........................................................................... 12 CAPÍTULO I. ANTECEDENTES Y MARCO TEÓRICO METODOLÓGICO 20 INTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................................... 20 TRAZOS HISTORIOGRÁFICOS, TRAZOS ANTROPOLÓGICOS .................................... 21 EL JUJUY COLONIAL .......................................................................................................... 27 CONSTRUYENDO UN ABORDAJE ETNOGRÁFICO DESDE LA ANTROPOLOGÍA HISTÓRICA ............................................................................................................................ 33 CONSTRUIR NUESTRO ARCHIVO ....................................................................................................... 39 LAS VOCES, LOS CONCEPTOS ............................................................................................................ 42 EL EXTRAÑAMIENTO .......................................................................................................................... 43 CAPÍTULO II. ENTRE LA POTESTAS Y LA AUCTORITAS. UN RECORRIDO HISTÓRICO SOBRE EL DUALISMO DEL PODER EN EL OCCIDENTE CRISTIANO 46 INTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................................... 46 IMITATIO IMPERI, IMITATIO SACERDOTIUM .............................................................. 48 DE LA REALEZA CRISTOCÉNTRICA A LA REALEZA IUSCÉNTRICA: LA DISCUSIÓN SOBRE LA SOBERANÍA ................................................................................ 56 HACIA LAS COMUNIDADES COMPACTAS ..................................................................... 62 SOCIEDAD COLONIAL, IGLESIA Y CORONA ................................................................. 69 A MODO DE SÍNTESIS ......................................................................................................... 75 CAPÍTULO III. UNA APROXIMACIÓN A LAS RELACIONES ENTRE ESPACIO Y PODER. LOS ORÍGENES DE LA JURISDICCIÓN COLONIAL DE SAN SALVADOR DE JUJUY 78 INTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................................... 78 RENOVACIONES TEÓRICAS: LA GEOGRAFÍA SOCIAL Y LA NUEVA HISTORIA DEL DERECHO ...................................................................................................................... 80 PRIMERAS PARTICIONES. CAPITULACIONES Y CÉDULAS DE ENCOMIENDA: DEL MAPA AL TERRITORIO .............................................................................................. 83 CREANDO EL ORDEN COLONIAL AL SUR DE CHARCAS ........................................... 89 AUDIENCIA Y ARZOBISPADO, LO TEMPORAL Y LO ESPIRITUAL .................................................... 92 3 ENTRE CHILE, CHARCAS Y EL PASO AL ATLÁNTICO: LA GOBERNACIÓN Y EL OBISPADO DEL TUCUMÁN ............................................................................................................................................ 97 LA VISITA Y LA FUNDACIÓN DE CIUDADES COMO ACTOS DE JURISDICCIÓN 100 REFLEXIONES FINALES ................................................................................................... 110 CAPÍTULO IV: CONSTRUYENDO JURISDICCIÓN, CONSTRUYENDO PODER: LA MATRIZ DE UNA CULTURA DEL ORDEN. 113 INTRODUCCIÓN .................................................................................................................. 113 ESTRUCTURAS PARA LA ACCIÓN .................................................................................. 115 ―VALLES FÉRTILES Y SIERRAS RICAS EN MINERAL‖. LA TEMPRANA OCUPACIÓN DEL ESPACIO ............................................................................................................................................................. 115 CONSTITUYENDO UN CABILDO Y UNA REPÚBLICA. PODER REGIO Y CORPORATIVO ..................................................................................................................... 123 ―EN LOS TÉRMINOS Y JURISDICCIÓN DE DICHA CIUDAD‖. .......................................................... 129 UN CORREGIDOR PARA OMAGUACA, UN TENIENTE PARA LA PUNA. AUTORIDADES REGIAS EN JUJUY ................................................................................................................................................. 134 ―TIERRA SIN DISCIPLINA Y CONOCIMIENTO DE IGLESIA‖. LOS INICIOS DE LA CONFIGURACIÓN INSTITUCIONAL DEL TERRITORIO ECLESIÁSTICO ............... 144 EL CURATO DE JUJUY ...................................................................................................................... 149 CURATO DE OMAGUACA Y SUS ANEXOS ........................................................................................ 157 REFLEXIONES FINALES ................................................................................................... 165 CAPÍTULO V. ADQUIRIENDO LA VECINDAD, CONSTRUYENDO EL PODER. LA ELITE DEL JUJUY COLONIAL 167 INTRODUCCIÓN .................................................................................................................. 167 LA ELITE ENCOMENDERA DE LA CIUDAD DE SAN SALVADOR DE JUJUY ........ 169 HACERSE VECINO. DE TARIJA A JUJUY ...................................................................... 174 MIEMBRO DE HECHO, MIEMBRO DE DERECHO ............................................................................. 176 TÍTULOS DE PODER Y CONFLICTOS JURISDICCIONALES EN LA SEGUNDA MITAD DEL S. XVII ............................................................................................................................................................. 180 LEALTADES AL TUCUMÁN, DIEZMOS Y EXCOMUNIÓN ................................................................. 183 EXTRANJEROS Y NATURALES. UN PORTUGUÉS EN JUJUY .................................. 197 UNA DEVOCIÓN TRIDENTINA EN EL JUJUY COLONIAL ............................................................... 199 EL PRECURSOR .................................................................................................................................. 203 LOS ―RECIÉN LLEGADOS‖ DEL FINES DEL XVII ........................................................................... 207 VECINOS Y COFRADES ...................................................................................................................... 214 REFLEXIONES FINALES ................................................................................................... 218 CAPÍTULO VI. PATRONAZGO Y CULTURA PÚBLICA DEVOCIONAL 221 INTRODUCCIÓN .................................................................................................................. 221 LA PATERNIDAD DILATADA. ........................................................................................... 223 4 LAS CUATRO VÍAS DEL PATRONATO. LA CONFORMACIÓN DEL PATRIMONIO ECLESIÁSTICO DE JUJUY ................................................................................................ 225 JURISDICCIONES EN TENSIÓN: LA ERMITA DE SAN ROQUE ................................. 230 DEL ORATORIO PRIVADO A LA VICEPARROQUIA ........................................................................... 230 SAN ROQUE, EL ANEXO HOSPITAL ................................................................................................. 235 ―Y BUENA CORRESPONDENCIA ENTRE LAS DOS JURISDICCIONES‖. CAPITULARES Y JESUITAS EN SAN ROQUE.................................................................................................................................. 240 DOS JESUITAS RESISTEN EN SAN ROQUE ..................................................................................... 244 IMAGINANDO UNA VICEPARROQUIA PRIVADA ......................................................... 247 EL MARQUESADO DE TOJO: EL PATRONAZGO COMO CONSTRUCCIÓN DE PODER ................................................................................................................................... 252 ENTRE TUCUMÁN Y TARIJA ............................................................................................................ 253 VARAS DE JUSTICIA .......................................................................................................................... 257 EL COLEGIO DE TARIJA: ALIANZAS Y ADOCTRINAMIENTO DE ELITES INDÍGENAS ................. 262 PATRONAZGOS ENCONTRADOS. REFLEXIONES FINALES ...................................... 265 CAPÍTULO VII. SEPARACIÓN DE LAS ESFERAS: SECULARIZACIÓN Y CAMBIOS EN LA JURISDICCIÓN DE SAN SALVADOR DE JUJUY 270 INTRODUCCIÓN .................................................................................................................. 270 CENTRALIZACIÓN Y SECULARIZACIÓN: EL MODELO CORPORATIVO PUESTO EN CUESTIÓN ............................................................................................................................ 273 CENTRALIZACIÓN, AUTONOMÍA MUNICIPAL Y PRIVILEGIOS DE LA ―REPÚBLICA‖ ................... 275 LA CREACIÓN DE LA DIÓCESIS DE SALTA. CENTRALIZACIÓN, CAMBIOS Y CONTINUIDADES EN LA JURISDICCIÓN ECLESIÁSTICA
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