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Investigating and Improving Medical Education and Library Resources at the Tamale Teaching Hospital in Northern Ghana : a Case Report

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Investigating and Improving Medical Education and Library Resources at the Tamale Teaching Hospital in Northern Ghana : a Case Report University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Faculty Scholarship Spring 2012 Investigating and improving medical education and library resources at the Tamale Teaching Hospital in Northern Ghana : a case report. John Chenault University of Louisville, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/faculty Part of the Library and Information Science Commons, and the Medical Education Commons Original Publication Information This article was originally published in Kentucky Libraries, volume 76, number 2, Spring 2012. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FEATURE KENTUCKY L IBRARY A SSOCIATION INVESTIGATING AND IMPROVING MEDICAL EDUCATION AND LIBRARY RESOURCES AT THE TAMALE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN NORTHERN GHANA: A CASE REPORT BY JOHN CHENAULT REFERENCE DEPARTMENT, KORNHAUSER HEALTH SCIENCES LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE BSTRACT suggested Dr. Sagoe contact me to see if I This article discusses a service-learning trip I could be of assistance. took in the summer of 2011 to conduct a series of consultations and workshops for Dr. Sagoe’s invitation gave my library the librarians, administrators, faculty, and students opportunity to participate in a unique interna- at Tamale Teaching Hospital (TTH) and the tional service project. It also opened the door University of Development Studies (UDS) in for a new service component for library liaison Northern Ghana. The visit was organized in work with the School of Public Health – and support of a series of programs and collabora- possibly other schools and departments on the tions that have been ongoing for several years medical campus – in the area of outreach between the University of Louisville (U of L) services and support for international health School of Public Health and Information initiatives and programs. I followed up with Science (SPHIS) and TTH and UDS. The Dr. Sagoe via email to get additional informa- goal of the visit was twofold: to provide a tion about his goals and objectives for the site series of training workshops to improve the visit and the training workshops. In planning research, database, and digital skills of clini- the program for the trip, I wanted to make cians, faculty, and students; and to conduct a sure it would be appropriate to local needs. I needs assessment and gather data to develop also did not want to create false expectations grant proposals to acquire financial support for as to deliverables and outcomes. There is a education, training, and information needs of small but growing body of literature on how to the teaching hospital and schools of nursing conduct international medical trips, and how and medicine. to build library capacity in Africa. I consulted both sets of literature for guidelines and best INTRODUCTION practices. In a recent article by Suchdev, et In June 2011, I received an invitation from al., I found a simple model for short-term Dr. Ken Sagoe, CEO of the Tamale Teaching service-learning initiatives that identifies Hospital, to travel to Tamale, Ghana for con- seven areas of focus: (1) having a clear mis- sultations with him and his team and to con- sion, (2) collaborating with the local commu- duct a series of library training workshops for nity, (3) educating the service team and the students, physicians, faculty and staff at TTH local community, (4) making a firm commit- and the affiliated medical and nursing schools. ment to serve the needs of the community, The invitation came after a May 2011 visit to (5) promoting and engaging in teamwork, (6) Tamale by faculty and graduate students from having a goal to build and sustain capacity, the U of L School of Public Health led by and (7) developing a method for periodic Associate Professor Dr. Muriel Harris. Dr. evaluation of service effectiveness and out- Harris and her team spent two weeks at TTH comes (317). The importance of cultural sen- conducting research to develop a program to sitivity and good communication also cannot reduce maternal morbidity and mortality, a be over-emphasized when traveling abroad to major problem in the region and throughout teach, train, and conduct research. And it is Ghana. In the course of gathering data and also essential to determine what other part- information for the research project, Dr. nerships and collaborations are ongoing or Harris identified a number of deficits in forthcoming to avoid duplication of efforts library resources, materials, and training, and and services or other redundancies in environ- 16 KENTUCKY LIBRARIES • VOLUME 76 • NUMBER 2 GHANA ments with limited resources. In the case of SPHIS team’s approach to it will be discussed the Tamale Teaching Hospital, a major project below. As Dr. Harris gathered data and infor- REPORT is underway via financing arranged with the mation for the project, she also perceived the CONTINUED Netherlands to build a new wing and renovate need to increase library materials at TTH and the existing hospital facility. While this major its affiliate schools. Often libraries are an initiative has no immediate impact on our afterthought in such project planning, but Dr. plans to improve library resources, it will fig- Harris recognized the centrality of the library ure significantly in the long-term partnership as a resource for disease prevention, and med- and collaboration between TTH and the U of ical research and education. Upon her return L medical school. to Louisville, she identified the Elsevier Foundation’s Innovative Library Grant Taking into consideration the issues outlined Program as a potential source of funding and above, Dr. Sagoe and I agreed that the work- support for the Tamale library project. shops should focus on finding and using free I secured approval for the trip to Ghana from and open source materials and resources avail- Neal Nixon, the Executive Director of the able online for medical education and training. Kornhauser Health Sciences Library. I also This also included providing PubMed training applied for financial support from the travel for students, faculty and physicians. The fund of the University Library Faculty and the remainder of the agenda during the visit would U of L International Travel Program. On July be devoted to conducting a needs assessment 25, 2011, accompanied by my wife Gwendline to determine how to improve the resources of Chenault, I departed for a ten-day trip that the hospital, nursing, and medical school would take us first to Accra, the capital of libraries. The needs assessment would guide Ghana, and then to Tamale in the Northern the drafting and development of grant propos- Region, our ultimate destination. als to solicit funding for additional library instructional workshops and the acquisition of In the sections of this article that follow I pro- library materials, resources, and equipment. vide general background information on Ghana and its Northern Region, and Tamale, I also met with Dr. Harris to be briefed on her the administrative capital of the Northern recent visit to Tamale and the research proj- Region. Since this is a report on a service- ect she and her team were designing for TTH. learning trip to Northern Ghana, I think it is Their plans called for the creation of a sus- useful to place the project within the larger tainable project that would assist care context of the nation’s geography and demog- providers and public raphy. In the second part of this article, which health specialists in will be published in the next issue of Kentucky developing interven- Libraries, I describe the activities that took tions to reduce the place during the visit, and conclude with a list morbidity and mortal- of the goals and objectives that developed ity of women and directly from the needs assessment and consul- children in the service tations, and that will form the basis for a area of the Tamale longer-term service project and collaboration. Teaching Hospital. Maternal and child BACKGROUND care are top priorities Ghana of the Ghana Health The Republic of Ghana is located on the Service, and also con- West Coast of Africa. It has a total land area stitute key goals in of 238,537 kilometers, and is bordered by the United Nations three French-speaking countries: Togo on the Millennium east, Burkina Faso on the north and north- Declaration adopted west, and Côte d’Ivoire on the west. Ghana by Ghana and 189 gained independence from Britain on March other member coun- 6, 1957, and became a republic in the British tries in 2000 Commonwealth on July 1, 1960. It was the (National first sub-Saharan African country to achieve Development independence from European colonial rule. It Commission). This has a multi-party democratic presidential sys- priority and the tem of government with an Executive 17 KENTUCKY LIBRARIES • VOLUME 76 • NUMBER 2 GHANA Presidency elected for four years with a maxi- regions and social classes in Ghana, and is a mum of two terms. The parliament is elected major concern in developing countries across REPORT every four years, and the nation has an inde- the globe. Researchers have predicted “by CONTINUED pendent judiciary (Central Intelligence 2020, non-communicable diseases will cause Agency; Ministry of Health). seven out of every ten deaths in developing countries” (Boutayeb 192). This trend will Ghana is divided into ten administrative continue unabated until the health sectors in regions: Western, Central, Greater Accra, Ghana and other nations find ways to work Volta, Eastern, Ashanti, Brong Ahafo, cooperatively and internationally to develop Northern, Upper East, and Upper West.
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