MADAGASCAR CONSERVATION & DEVELOPMENT VOLUME 1 | ISSUE 1 — DECEMBER 2006 PAGE 4 FLAGSHIPSPECIES Lemurs - Ambassadors for Madagascar Urs Thalmann I, II Anthropological Institute University Zurich-Irchel Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH–8057 Zurich, Switzerland Phone: +41 44 6354192 Fax: +41-44-635 68 04 E-mail:
[email protected] ABSTRACT animal order in Madagascar (8.1 genera/order) than on other In this short article on lemurs I give a concise introduction for continents. One order of Malagasy mammals, Bibymalagasia, is non-specialists to these conspicuous and unique animals on entirely restricted to Madagascar and went extinct only relative the island of Madagascar. recently (MacPhee 1994) along with artiodactyle pygmy hippos and other large vertebrates (Burney 2004). Within Malagasy INTRODUCTION mammals, the mammal order primates clearly stands out with Madagascar has long been known for its exquisite wildlife. It the endemic lemurs. The lemurs are the most diverse mammal has been identified as a Megadiversity country and “Hottest group on the generic level, and Madagascar is the only place Hotspot” for biodiversity conservation (Meyers et al. 2000 where primates genera are the dominant group overall. On a Mittermeier et al. 2005) due to the combination of extraordinary global scale primates rank 5th behind rodents, bats, carnivores, high diversity and extreme degree of threat. Lemurs, a natural and even - toed hoofed mammals. group of primates endemic to Madagascar, are possibly the most conspicuous and most widely known wildlife of Madagascar. In MADAGASCAR: A HOTSPOT FOR CONSERVATION this article, written for a non-specialist audience, I try to situ- A biodiversity hotspot is a region that contains at least 0.5 % ate these mammals in a wider context to shed light on (i) their (or 1,500) of the world’s 300,000 plant species as endemics and biological position and diversity, (ii) some biological pecularities, has lost 70 % or more of its primary vegetation.