The Question of Afghanistan and Its Impact on US Relations with Pakistan
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USAF Counterproliferation Center CPC Outreach Journal #967
Issue No. 967, 28 December 2011 Articles & Other Documents: Featured Article: U.S. Preparing for Tactical Nuclear Cuts in Future Arms Deal with Russia 1. Iran to Hold War Games in Int'l Waters 2. Iran Rejects US Allegation on Al-Qaeda Operative 3. MP Describes Navy Wargames as Serious Warning to Western Powers 4. 1st VP: No Single Drop of Oil Will Pass through Hormuz Strait if Iran Oil Is Banned 5. 'Speculation of Israel's Nuclear Arms Deters Iran' 6. Iran Warns of Closing Strategic Hormuz Oil Route 7. S. Korea, China to 'Swiftly Reinvigorate' Efforts to Resume Six-Party Talks 8. In New N.Korea Leader, Rare Exposure to World 9. N Korea Likely to Resume Nuclear Game in Spring of 2012: Experts 10. Who Is in Charge of N.Korea's Nuclear Weapons? 11. US Senator Fears N. Korea Might Try to Sell Nuke Materials 12. N.Korea Closer to Nuclear-Tipped Missile: U.S. Expert 13. Pakistani Government Defends Nuclear Program Against Rising Internal Criticism 14. Pakistan, India Come Closer on Nuclear CBMs 15. U.N. Urges Libya to Sell Off Cache of ‘Yellowcake’ Uranium 16. Russia Successfully Test Fires Bulava Missiles 17. Russia Reports 25,000 Undersea Radioactive Waste Sites 18. Medvedev: Test of Much-Heralded New Missile Done 19. Russia Test Launches Stiletto Missile 20. Optimism on Missile Defense Agreement Decreasing 21. U.S. Preparing for Tactical Nuclear Cuts in Future Arms Deal with Russia 22. U.S. Missile Shield Deal with Romania Takes Effect 23. Pentagon’s Conventional Prompt-Strike Effort Takes 2012 Funding Hit 24. -
The Afghanistan-Pakistan Wars, 2008–2009: Micro-Geographies, Conflict Diffusion, and Clusters of Violence
The Afghanistan-Pakistan Wars, 2008–2009: Micro-geographies, Conflict Diffusion, and Clusters of Violence John O’Loughlin, Frank D. W. Witmer, and Andrew M. Linke1 Abstract: A team of political geographers analyzes over 5,000 violent events collected from media reports for the Afghanistan and Pakistan conflicts during 2008 and 2009. The violent events are geocoded to precise locations and the authors employ an exploratory spatial data analysis approach to examine the recent dynamics of the wars. By mapping the violence and examining its temporal dimensions, the authors explain its diffusion from traditional foci along the border between the two countries. While violence is still overwhelmingly concentrated in the Pashtun regions in both countries, recent policy shifts by the American and Pakistani gov- ernments in the conduct of the war are reflected in a sizeable increase in overall violence and its geographic spread to key cities. The authors identify and map the clusters (hotspots) of con- flict where the violence is significantly higher than expected and examine their shifts over the two-year period. Special attention is paid to the targeting strategy of drone missile strikes and the increase in their number and geographic extent by the Obama administration. Journal of Economic Literature, Classification Numbers: H560, H770, O180. 15 figures, 1 table, 113 ref- erences. Key words: Afghanistan, Pakistan, Taliban, Al- Qaeda, insurgency, Islamic terrorism, U.S. military, International Security Assistance Forces, Durand Line, Tribal Areas, Northwest Frontier Province, ACLED, NATO. merica’s “longest war” is now (August 2010) nearing its ninth anniversary. It was Alaunched in October 2001 as a “war of necessity” (Barack Obama, August 17, 2009) to remove the Taliban from power in Afghanistan, and thus remove the support of this regime for Al-Qaeda, the terrorist organization that carried out the September 2001 attacks in the United States. -
The Pashtun Behavior Economy an Analysis of Decision Making in Tribal Society
Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis and Dissertation Collection 2011-06 The Pashtun behavior economy an analysis of decision making in tribal society Holton, Jeremy W. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5687 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS THE PASHTUN BEHAVIOR ECONOMY: AN ANALYSIS OF DECISION MAKING IN TRIBAL SOCIETY by Jeremy W. Holton June 2011 Thesis Advisor: Thomas H. Johnson Second Reader: Robert McNab Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED June 2011 Master‘s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE The Pashtun Behavior Economy: An Analysis of 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Decision Making in Tribal Society 6. AUTHOR(S) Jeremy W. Holton 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Naval Postgraduate School REPORT NUMBER Monterey, CA 93943-5000 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. -
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Case Log October 2000 - April 2002
Description of document: Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Case Log October 2000 - April 2002 Requested date: 2002 Release date: 2003 Posted date: 08-February-2021 Source of document: Information and Privacy Coordinator Central Intelligence Agency Washington, DC 20505 Fax: 703-613-3007 Filing a FOIA Records Request Online The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is a First Amendment free speech web site and is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. The public records published on the site were obtained from government agencies using proper legal channels. Each document is identified as to the source. Any concerns about the contents of the site should be directed to the agency originating the document in question. GovernmentAttic.org is not responsible for the contents of documents published on the website. 1 O ct 2000_30 April 2002 Creation Date Requester Last Name Case Subject 36802.28679 STRANEY TECHNOLOGICAL GROWTH OF INDIA; HONG KONG; CHINA AND WTO 36802.2992 CRAWFORD EIGHT DIFFERENT REQUESTS FOR REPORTS REGARDING CIA EMPLOYEES OR AGENTS 36802.43927 MONTAN EDWARD GRADY PARTIN 36802.44378 TAVAKOLI-NOURI STEPHEN FLACK GUNTHER 36810.54721 BISHOP SCIENCE OF IDENTITY FOUNDATION 36810.55028 KHEMANEY TI LEAF PRODUCTIONS, LTD. -
Pakistan in the Danger Zone a Tenuous U.S
Pakistan in the Danger Zone A Tenuous U.S. – Pakistan Relationship Shuja Nawaz The Atlantic Council promotes constructive U.S. leadership and engagement in international affairs based on the central role of the Atlantic community in meeting the international challenges of the 21st century. The Council embodies a non-partisan network of leaders who aim to bring ideas to power and to give power to ideas by: 7 stimulating dialogue and discussion about critical international issues with a view to enriching public debate and promoting consensus on appropriate responses in the Administration, the Congress, the corporate and nonprofit sectors, and the media in the United States and among leaders in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas; 7 conducting educational and exchange programs for successor generations of U.S. leaders so that they will come to value U.S. international engagement and have the knowledge and understanding necessary to develop effective policies. Through its diverse networks, the Council builds broad constituencies to support constructive U.S. leadership and policies. Its program offices publish informational analyses, convene conferences among current and/or future leaders, and contribute to the public debate in order to integrate the views of knowledgeable individuals from a wide variety of backgrounds, interests, and experiences. The South Asia Center is the Atlantic Council’s focal point for work on Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Bhutan as well as on relations between these countries and China, Central Asia, Iran, the Arab world, Europe and the U.S. As part of the Council’s Asia program, the Center seeks to foster partnerships with key institutions in the region to establish itself as a forum for dialogue between decision makers in South Asia, the U.S. -
Al Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent: a New Frontline in the Global Jihadist Movement?” the International Centre for Counter- Ter Rorism – the Hague 8, No
AL-QAEDA IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: The Nucleus of Jihad in South Asia THE SOUFAN CENTER JANUARY 2019 AL-QAEDA IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: THE NUCLEUS OF JIHAD IN SOUTH ASIA !1 AL-QAEDA IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: THE NUCLEUS OF JIHAD IN SOUTH ASIA AL-QAEDA IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT (AQIS): The Nucleus of Jihad in South Asia THE SOUFAN CENTER JANUARY 2019 !2 AL-QAEDA IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: THE NUCLEUS OF JIHAD IN SOUTH ASIA CONTENTS List of Abbreviations 4 List of Figures & Graphs 5 Key Findings 6 Executive Summary 7 AQIS Formation: An Affiliate with Strong Alliances 11 AQIS Leadership 19 AQIS Funding & Finances 24 Wahhabization of South Asia 27 A Region Primed: Changing Dynamics in the Subcontinent 31 Global Threats Posed by AQIS 40 Conclusion 44 Contributors 46 About The Soufan Center (TSC) 48 Endnotes 49 !3 AL-QAEDA IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: THE NUCLEUS OF JIHAD IN SOUTH ASIA LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AAI Ansar ul Islam Bangladesh ABT Ansar ul Bangla Team AFPAK Afghanistan and Pakistan Region AQC Al-Qaeda Central AQI Al-Qaeda in Iraq AQIS Al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent FATA Federally Administered Tribal Areas HUJI Harkat ul Jihad e Islami HUJI-B Harkat ul Jihad e Islami Bangladesh ISI Pakistan’s Inter-Services Intelligence ISKP Islamic State Khorasan Province JMB Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh KFR Kidnap for Randsom LeJ Lashkar e Jhangvi LeT Lashkar e Toiba TTP Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan !4 AL-QAEDA IN THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT: THE NUCLEUS OF JIHAD IN SOUTH ASIA LIST OF FIGURES & GRAPHS Figure 1: Map of South Asia 9 Figure 2: -
Religion and Militancy in Pakistan and Afghanistan
Religion and Militancy in Pakistan and Afghanistan in Pakistan and Militancy Religion a report of the csis program on crisis, conflict, and cooperation Religion and Militancy in Pakistan and Afghanistan a literature review 1800 K Street, NW | Washington, DC 20006 Project Director Tel: (202) 887-0200 | Fax: (202) 775-3199 Robert D. Lamb E-mail: [email protected] | Web: www.csis.org Author Mufti Mariam Mufti June 2012 ISBN 978-0-89206-700-8 CSIS Ë|xHSKITCy067008zv*:+:!:+:! CHARTING our future a report of the csis program on crisis, conflict, and cooperation Religion and Militancy in Pakistan and Afghanistan a literature review Project Director Robert L. Lamb Author Mariam Mufti June 2012 CHARTING our future About CSIS—50th Anniversary Year For 50 years, the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) has developed practical solutions to the world’s greatest challenges. As we celebrate this milestone, CSIS scholars continue to provide strategic insights and bipartisan policy solutions to help decisionmakers chart a course toward a better world. CSIS is a bipartisan, nonprofit organization headquartered in Washington, D.C. The Center’s 220 full-time staff and large network of affiliated scholars conduct research and analysis and de- velop policy initiatives that look into the future and anticipate change. Since 1962, CSIS has been dedicated to finding ways to sustain American prominence and prosperity as a force for good in the world. After 50 years, CSIS has become one of the world’s pre- eminent international policy institutions focused on defense and security; regional stability; and transnational challenges ranging from energy and climate to global development and economic integration. -
Buffer Zone, Colonial Enclave, Or Urban Hub?
Working Paper no. 69 - Cities and Fragile States - BUFFER ZONE, COLONIAL ENCLAVE OR URBAN HUB? QUETTA :BETWEEN FOUR REGIONS AND TWO WARS Haris Gazdar, Sobia Ahmad Kaker, Irfan Khan Collective for Social Science Research February 2010 Crisis States Working Papers Series No.2 ISSN 1749-1797 (print) ISSN 1749-1800 (online) Copyright © H. Gazdar, S. Ahmad Kaker, I. Khan, 2010 24 Crisis States Working Paper Buffer Zone, Colonial Enclave or Urban Hub? Quetta: Between Four Regions and Two Wars Haris Gazdar, Sobia Ahmad Kaker and Irfan Khan Collective for Social Science Research, Karachi, Pakistan Quetta is a city with many identities. It is the provincial capital and the main urban centre of Balochistan, the largest but least populous of Pakistan’s four provinces. Since around 2003, Balochistan’s uneasy relationship with the federal state has been manifested in the form of an insurgency in the ethnic Baloch areas of the province. Within Balochistan, Quetta is the main shared space as well as a point of rivalry between the two dominant ethnic groups of the province: the Baloch and the Pashtun.1 Quite separately from the internal politics of Balochistan, Quetta has acquired global significance as an alleged logistic base for both sides in the war in Afghanistan. This paper seeks to examine different facets of Quetta – buffer zone, colonial enclave and urban hub − in order to understand the city’s significance for state building in Pakistan. State-building policy literature defines well functioning states as those that provide security for their citizens, protect property rights and provide public goods. States are also instruments of repression and the state-building process is often wrought with conflict and the violent suppression of rival ethnic and religious identities, and the imposition of extractive economic arrangements (Jones and Chandaran 2008). -
Conceptualizing Afpak: the Prospects and Perils
Asia Programme Paper: ASP PP 2010/01 Conceptualizing AfPak: The Prospects and Perils Ayesha R. Khan Associate Fellow, Asia Programme, Chatham House January 2010 The views expressed in this document are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily reflect the view of Chatham House, its staff, associates or Council. Chatham House is independent and owes no allegiance to any government or to any political body. It does not take institutional positions on policy issues. This document is issued on the understanding that if any extract is used, the author and Chatham House should be credited, preferably with the date of the publication. Programme Paper: ASP PP 2010/01 Conceptualizing AfPak: The Prospects and Perils EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Obama administration’s AfPak strategy has created the opportunity to recalibrate US engagement with Afghanistan and Pakistan to reverse the Taliban momentum and ‘disrupt and dismantle’ the terrorist threat from the border region. The strategy advocates an increase in US/NATO troops, reconciliation with ‘moderate’ Taliban, and a regional approach to the conflict that includes tackling the Taliban in Pakistan’s tribal areas. In its current conceptualization, it lacks implementation mechanisms and analysis of the border region to manage the insurgency and quell the violence. This paper analyses some of the contradictions, anomalies and structural flaws in the AfPak strategy that risk further destabilizing the Afghanistan–Pakistan border region. As part of the AfPak strategy, President Obama has ordered a ‘military surge’ of approximately 50,000 US troops to implement a shift from counterterrorism to counterinsurgency with an emphasis on the ‘clear, hold, build and engage’ strategy. -
Style Attacks and the Threat from Lashkar-E-Taiba
PROTECTING THE HOMELAND AGAINST MUMBAI- STYLE ATTACKS AND THE THREAT FROM LASHKAR-E-TAIBA HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON COUNTERTERRORISM AND INTELLIGENCE OF THE COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED THIRTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION JUNE 12, 2013 Serial No. 113–21 Printed for the use of the Committee on Homeland Security Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 85–686 PDF WASHINGTON : 2013 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY MICHAEL T. MCCAUL, Texas, Chairman LAMAR SMITH, Texas BENNIE G. THOMPSON, Mississippi PETER T. KING, New York LORETTA SANCHEZ, California MIKE ROGERS, Alabama SHEILA JACKSON LEE, Texas PAUL C. BROUN, Georgia YVETTE D. CLARKE, New York CANDICE S. MILLER, Michigan, Vice Chair BRIAN HIGGINS, New York PATRICK MEEHAN, Pennsylvania CEDRIC L. RICHMOND, Louisiana JEFF DUNCAN, South Carolina WILLIAM R. KEATING, Massachusetts TOM MARINO, Pennsylvania RON BARBER, Arizona JASON CHAFFETZ, Utah DONDALD M. PAYNE, JR., New Jersey STEVEN M. PALAZZO, Mississippi BETO O’ROURKE, Texas LOU BARLETTA, Pennsylvania TULSI GABBARD, Hawaii CHRIS STEWART, Utah FILEMON VELA, Texas RICHARD HUDSON, North Carolina STEVEN A. HORSFORD, Nevada STEVE DAINES, Montana ERIC SWALWELL, California SUSAN W. BROOKS, Indiana SCOTT PERRY, Pennsylvania MARK SANFORD, South Carolina GREG HILL, Chief of Staff MICHAEL GEFFROY, Deputy Chief of Staff/Chief Counsel MICHAEL S. TWINCHEK, Chief Clerk I. LANIER AVANT, Minority Staff Director SUBCOMMITTEE ON COUNTERTERRORISM AND INTELLIGENCE PETER T. -
MARCH 2008 the Annual Fund in Action •Classical Study Abroad
SUPPLEMENT TO THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA MAGAZINE MARCH 2008 The Annual Fund in Action •Classical Study Abroad e faculty and students in the College who special- Many alumni refer to ize in classical antiquity benefit immeasurably their time at the “Centro” FUNDRAISING PROGRESS Wfrom time spent in the classical lands. This is as transformative. Alumni, students, parents and friends true not only from where I sit, as chair of the Department At the renowned help make things happen through of Classics, but for a sizeable number of colleagues and American Academy their gifts to the Arts & Sciences students across the College. in Rome, scholars and Annual Fund — financial support for Nothing facilitates classical study abroad more than artists live and work in academic journals, plus career servic- the University’s memberships in the great American study an exciting intellectual es, workshops, travel, labs and more. centers at Rome and Athens, whose cost the Arts & community — not to As of Nov. 15, 2007, the fund had Sciences Annual Fund covers each year. There, students mention the irenic gar- reached more than $673,000 of its study ancient Greece and Rome in rigorous programs, den, breathtaking views $4.5 million overall goal for the fiscal younger faculty pursue research as postdoctoral fellows, and and fine library. Several year ending June 30, 2008. Also, as senior classicists hold eminent visiting professorships, show- faculty members and of Nov. 15, 2007, the College had casing the University’s overall strength in classical studies. students have won fel- raised $143 million of the $500 mil- As I write this, Will Killmer, a third-year classics lowships there, including lion goal for the Campaign for the major, is attending the Intercollegiate Center for Classical the distinguished Rome College. -
Slim Prospects for US-Pakistan Relations to Pivot from AFPAK to Indo-Pacific by Riaz Khokhar
Number 481 | June 19, 2019 EastWestCenter.org/APB Slim Prospects for US-Pakistan Relations to Pivot from AFPAK to Indo-Pacific By Riaz Khokhar The United States has not reoriented its Pakistan strategy away from a solely Afghanistan‐Pakistan basis toward a wider Indo‐Pacific perspecve. Even so, a significantly posive transformaon in Islamabad’s domesc environment and foreign relaons can change the U.S. and internaonal perspecves about Pakistan. For starters, there is a strong percepon in Washington policymaking circles that unl the Afghanistan issue is resolved, chances are slim that the United States will think of Pakistan in a broader Asian Riaz Khokhar, framework. Even the resoluon of the Afghanistan conundrum would not guarantee an improved U.S.‐ Vising Fellow at the Pakistan relaonship. Although Islamabad’s supporve role in the ongoing U.S.‐Taliban peace talks is East‐West Center in appreciable, there is palpable frustraon in the U.S. Department of Defense regarding Pakistan’s alleged Washington explains patronage of terrorist groups that have killed U.S. troops in Afghanistan. that “Unl the There is also skepcism about the U.S. pullout from Afghanistan because Washington has not yet achieved Afghanistan issue is its primary objecves. These include but are not limited to breaking the nexus between regional and resolved, chances are internaonal terrorist groups; augmenng the capacity of Afghan naonal security forces; and, eliminang slim that the United the possibility of Afghanistan as a launching pad of terrorism in the United States or its allied countries. States will think of Hence, the unaccomplished objecves make it less likely that the U.S.