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THE FLIP SIDE of TURKEY FOOT ROCK by James L

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THE FLIP SIDE of TURKEY FOOT ROCK by James L THE FLIP SIDE OF TURKEY FOOT ROCK by James L. Murphy, Grove City, Ohio 43123 Abstract. The complicated history of symbol of the turkey's foot. It is more likely landmarks such as the rail snake fence Lucas County's Turkey Foot Rock is re- that a tourist placed the symbol on this and the adjacent road. More significantly, it viewed, and it is shown that some time rock during the time it was located on the shows that the rock is partially buried. The between 1931 and its last move in 1953, banks of the Maumee" (Mending hall 1975: slight concavity shown in Lossing's draw- from beside old Route 24 along the Mau- 2). In any case, Toledo MetroParks' Final ing is difficult to discern, but a large protu- mee River to its present location adjacent General Management Plan/Environmental berance with central depression is visible to the Fallen Timbers monument, the rock Impact Statement (available on their web along the lower margin. This photograph is was turned upside down from its original site) regards it as a "sacred site" and af- reproduced in Charles Van Tassel's Book of position and remains so today firms that "it is still used by some Ameri- Ohio (1901). Van Tassel also reproduced a can Indian individuals and groups as a site photograph of the rock showing the actual Introduction for offerings." Anecdotal evidence of this carvings on the south face of the rock (Fig- The trials and tribulations of Ohio's is offered by Downes, who mentions that ure 8). This view was later reprinted by Viet- most-travelled portable petroglyph have "Turkey Foot Rock is continuing to be a zen (1973:73) without acknowledgement. been well-documented by Keller (1952) very active shrine. I am told that every year Swauger referred to Vietzen's photograph and more recently by Swauger (1984) and Indian visitors from many parts of America but was unaware of the original source or Jacobs (2003) but invite some additional stop at the Rock to see this memorial of of its age. Besides depicting the actual comment. Swauger (1984: 138) suggest- the battle of Fallen Timbers. Ever since that carvings, this view is important in showing ed that the incised "turkey tracks" found famous battle, no year has elapsed without the diagonal bedding plane and the nature on the Lucas County Turkey Foot Rock many such visits" (Downes 1955: 49). of its extension onto the side of the rock to petroglyph are so faint as to be virtually the left. Also apparent is the fact that the unrecognizable, as is certainly the case Turkey Foot Rock Today rock is lying on undisturbed, grassy ground with the petroglyphs on its nearest neigh- Prompted to visit the site by discovery and is, in fact, still partly buried, proof that bor, the more famous Inscription Rock at of an early (pre-1901) photograph clearly the photograph dates prior to 1899, when Kelley's Island. Swauger "could distinguish showing at least five "cuspidiform" mark- the stone was first moved. only one track, that of a bird, and that only ings or bird tracks, I was curious to see My interest in Turkey Foot Rock was ini- faintly and perhaps only because we knew if there were any traces of those which tially piqued by the fact that this old pho- it was supposed to be there." (Note that he Swauger had not been able to discern. tograph showed no fewer than five carved does not write "because we knew where it Swauger includes photographs of the front tracks. While a recent visit to the Fallen was supposed to be.") and back of the rock, as it now appears Timbers memorial revealed that traces of According to the tradition surrounding mounted at the Fallen Timbers State Me- at least three of these can still be seen, it Turkey Foot Rock, it was while standing morial immediately south of U.S. Route 24 was not possible to reconcile the shape of on this rock that Ottawa Chief Turkey Foot in Maumee, Ohio, but he does not show the rock with Van Tassel's photograph until (variously Me-sa-sa or Mis-sis-sa-in-zit ) the side on which the carvings occur. Fig- I realized that the rock is now upside down! tried to rally his retreating warriors at the ures 1-5 show the rock as it appears today This surprising development is made pa- Battle of Fallen Timbers, only to be shot adjacent to the Fallen Timbers Memorial, tently obvious by comparing Figures 3, 5 dead by an American bullet. Subsequently, monument, where it was moved in 1953 by and 8. Although the rounded, pillow-like Indians are said to have visited the rock, the Ohio State Archaeological and Histori- layer of the rock shown in the upper left carving the bird tracks and leaving gifts cal Society. of Figure 8 is obscured by the bronze his- of tobacco in his memory. Certainly there torical plaque and its mounting in Figures was such an Ottawa chief although even Early Photographic History 3 and 5, conclusive proof is the fact that in this fact is dismissed by some accounts. The earliest known illustration of Turkey Figure 8 the larger portion of the south face Toledo MetroParks Historic Programs Spe- Foot Rock is a somewhat fanciful drawing of the stone is below the diagonal bedding cialist Janet Rozick cites G. Michael Pratt's dating to 1860 and appearing in Benson plane, while in Figures 3 and 5 it is above research to discount the story as "nothing Lossing's Pictorial Field-book of the War the bedding plane. A very similar view is more than legend since the battle took of 1812 (published 1868). For the most shown on a postcard (Figure 9) that proba- place on the bluffs overlooking the river, part Lossing's drawing (Figure 6) is greatly bly dates to the period 1905-1915 but cer- rather than on the flood plains" (Rozick exaggerated with eight giant turkey tracks tainly later than the Van Tassel photograph. n.d.: 7). Because the incident allegedly oc- scattered over the top and front of the Very significant differences include the fact curred while the Indians were retreating, it rock, but the form and position of the rock that the rock is now oriented with the long might not seem critical for the rock to have is generally similar to that shown in late axis parallel to the road and the Maumee been located in the thick of the battle in 19th - early 20th C. photographs. Because River; that is, the "south" face is now fac- order for the legend to be true; however, all other sources indicate that the carvings ing more-or-Iess west. Also, substantially Pratt's historical research (1995) and sub- were made with a metal knife or hatchet, more of the rock is exposed. sequent archaeological research (2003; see Lossing's drawing in respect to the carv- Another postcard view (Figure 10), is also Jacobs 2003) certainly indicate that ings can be dismissed as highly imagi- clearly contemporaneous with Figure 9, as the battle and ancillary Native American native and inaccurate. The rail fence, the it includes the same iron fence, and shows activity occurred considerably to the north road, the Maumee River, and Presque Isle the other side of Turkey Foot Rock, which, and east of the present Fallen Timbers me- Hill are accurate details to be seen in Ben- except for displaying more of the rock due morial and well away from the original site jamin Lossing's 1860 drawing. The broad, to excavation, is very similar to the origi- of Turkey Foot Rock at the foot of Presque gentle concavity shown on the side of the nal photograph showing the rock along Isle Hill. Perhaps the most unusual (and rock facing the viewer is another important the split rail fence (Figure 7). The broad somewhat operatic) interpretation is that detail although sometimes difficult to see concavity exaggerated by Lossing is only expressed on the NRHP nomination form in later photographs. slightly visible but the prominent protuber- for the Fallen Timbers memorial: "It was The earliest and best known photograph ance with central depression along the here, fable has it, that Chief Turkey Foot of Turkey Foot Rock (Figure 7) is said to lower edge of the rock is quite distinct. To- after being mortally wounded in battle as- date to 1880 and corroborates the general gether, these views (as well as others not cribed [italics added] his signiture [sic], the location as shown by Lossing, including included here) clearly document the fact 32 that the rock, as currently resting in the torical Society of Northwestern Ohio, to Dr. view of the rear of a Chrysler Corporation Fallen Timbers memorial, has been turned Emerson F. Greenman of the Ohio State auto manufactured ca. 1946-1949 (Dan upside down. Archaeological and Historical Society. Clements, Columbus, Ohio, pers. comm.) The explanation for the differences be- (Cited in the 1950 report by the Anthony and must date no later than 1950 since it tween these early postcard views and the Wayne Parkway Board, this letter has not appears in the Parkway Board's 1950 re- earlier photographs in Van Tassel, is be- been found in the Ohio Historical Society's port. The Maumee River and old Route lieved to involve an 1899 incident in which Archives Library or in the Archaeological 24 can clearly be seen in the background, history enthusiasts from the city of Toledo Dept. county files.) so the view dates prior to the rock being attempted to appropriate the rock for the The files of the Anthony Wayne Parkway moved to its present location on the Fallen Ohio Centennial planned for 1903.
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