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HISTORY of the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOLUME IV. MEDIAEVAL CHRISTIAINITY PHILIP SCHAFF HISTORY of the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOLUME IV. MEDIAEVAL CHRISTIAINITY Table of Contents HISTORY of the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOLUME IV. MEDIAEVAL CHRISTIAINITY.........................1 PHILIP SCHAFF...........................................................................................................................................2 CHAPTER I. General Introduction to Mediaeval Church History..............................................................10 CHAPTER II. CONVERSION OF THE NORTHERN AND WESTERN BARBARIANS......................17 CHAPTER III. MOHAMMEDANISM IN ITS RELATION TO CHRISTIANITY..................................69 CHAPTER IV. THE PAPAL HIERARCHY AND THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE................................94 CHAPTER V. THE CONFLICT OF THE EASTERN AND WESTERN CHURCHES AND THEIR SEPARATION..........................................................................................................................................153 CHAPTER VI. MORALS AND RELIGION............................................................................................163 CHAPTER VII. MONASTICISM.............................................................................................................179 CHAPTER VIII. CHURCH DISCIPLINE................................................................................................182 CHAPTER IX. CHURCH AND STATE..................................................................................................189 CHAPTER X. WORSHIP AND CEREMONIES.....................................................................................194 CHAPTER XI. DOCTRINAL CONTROVERSIES.................................................................................229 CHAPTER XII. HERETICAL SECTS......................................................................................................267 CHAPTER XIII. THE STATE OF LEARNING.......................................................................................272 CHAPTER XIV. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF ECCLESIASTICAL WRITERS..........................287 i HISTORY of the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOLUME IV. MEDIAEVAL CHRISTIAINITY HISTORY of the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOLUME IV. MEDIAEVAL CHRISTIAINITY 1 HISTORY of the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOLUME IV. MEDIAEVAL CHRISTIAINITY PHILIP SCHAFF This page copyright © 2002 Blackmask Online. http://www.blackmask.com • CHAPTER I. General Introduction to Mediaeval Church History. • CHAPTER II. CONVERSION OF THE NORTHERN AND WESTERN BARBARIANS • CHAPTER III. MOHAMMEDANISM IN ITS RELATION TO CHRISTIANITY. • CHAPTER IV. THE PAPAL HIERARCHY AND THE HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE. • CHAPTER V. THE CONFLICT OF THE EASTERN AND WESTERN CHURCHES AND THEIR SEPARATION. • CHAPTER VI. MORALS AND RELIGION. • CHAPTER VII. MONASTICISM. • CHAPTER VIII. CHURCH DISCIPLINE. • CHAPTER IX. CHURCH AND STATE. • CHAPTER X. WORSHIP AND CEREMONIES. • CHAPTER XI. DOCTRINAL CONTROVERSIES. • CHAPTER XII. HERETICAL SECTS. • CHAPTER XIII. THE STATE OF LEARNING. • CHAPTER XIV. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF ECCLESIASTICAL WRITERS. Christianus sum. Christiani nihil a me alienum puto From Gregory I to Gregory VII A.D. 590—1073 ———— contents ———————— MEDIEVAL CHRISTIANITY From a. d. 590 —1517. ———————— CHAPTER I. General Introduction to Mediaeval Church History PHILIP SCHAFF 2 HISTORY of the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOLUME IV. MEDIAEVAL CHRISTIAINITY § 1. Sources and Literature. § 2. The Middle Age. Limits and General Character. § 3. The Nations of Mediaeval Christianity. The Kelt, the Teuton, and the Slav. § 4. Genius of Mediaeval Christianity. § 5. Periods of the Middle Age. FOURTH PERIOD: THE CHURCH AMONG THE BARBARIANS From Gregory I. To Gregory VII. A. D. 590 — 1049 (1073). CHAPTER II. The Conversion of the Northern and Western Barbarians. § 6. Character of Mediaeval Missions. I. The Conversion of England, Ireland, and Scotland. § 7. Literature. § 8. The Britons. § 9. The Anglo−Saxons. § 10. The Mission of Gregory and Augustin. Conversion of Kent, a. d. 595—604. § 11. Antagonism of the Saxon and British Clergy. § 12. Conversion of the Other Kingdoms of the Heptarchy. § 13. Conformity to Row Established. Wilfrid, Theodore, Bede. § 14. The Conversion of Ireland. St. Patrick and St. Bridget. § 15. The Irish Church after St. Patrick. § 16. Subjection of Ireland to English and Roman Rule. § 17. The Conversion of Scotland. St. Ninian and St. Kentigern. § 18. St. Columba and the Monastery of Iona. § 19. The Culdees. § 20. Extinction of the Keltic Church, and Triumph of Rome under King David I. II. The Conversion of France, Germany, and Adjacent Countries. § 21. Arian Christianity among the Goths and other German Tribes. § 22. Conversion of Clovis and the Franks. § 23. Columbanus and the Irish Missionaries on the Continent. PHILIP SCHAFF 3 HISTORY of the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOLUME IV. MEDIAEVAL CHRISTIAINITY § 24. German Missionaries before Boniface. § 25. Boniface, the Apostle of Germany. § 26. The Pupils of Boniface. Willibald, Gregory of Utrecht, Sturm of Fulda. § 27. The Conversion of the Saxons. Charlemagne and Alcuin. The Heliand, and the Gospel−Harmony. III. The Conversion of Scandanavis. § 28. Scandinavian Heathenism. § 29. The Christianization of Denmark. St. Ansgar. § 30. The Christianization of Sweden. § 31. The Christianization of Norway and Iceland. IV. The Christianization of the Slavs. § 32. General Survey. § 33. Christian Missions among the Wends. § 34. Cyrillus and Methodius, the Apostles of the Slavs. Christianization of Moravia, Bohemia and Poland. § 35. The Conversion of the Bulgarians. § 36. The Conversion of the Magyars. § 37. The Christianization of Russia. CHAPTER III. Mohammedanism in its Relation to Christianity. § 38. Literature. § 39. Statistics and Chronological Table. § 40. Position of Mohammedanism in Church History. § 41. The Home, and the Antecedents of Islâm. § 42. Life and Character of Mohammed. § 43. The Conquests of Islâm. § 44. The Koran, and the Bible. § 45. The Mohammedan Religion. § 46. Mohammedan Worship. § 47. Christian Polemics against Mohammedanism. Note on Mormonism. CHAPTER IV. The Papal Hierarchy and the Holy Roman Empire. § 48. General Literature on the Papacy. § 49. Chronological Table of the Popes, Anti−Popes, and Roman Emperors from Gregory I. to Leo XIII. § 50. Gregory the Great. a. d. 590—604. § 51. Gregory and the Universal Episcopate. § 52. The Writings of Gregory. § 53. The Papacy from Gregory I to Gregory II. a. d. 604—715. § 54. From Gregory II to Zacharias. a. d. 715—741. PHILIP SCHAFF 4 HISTORY of the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOLUME IV. MEDIAEVAL CHRISTIAINITY § 55. Alliance of the Papacy with the New Monarchy of the Franks. Pepin and the Patrimony of St. Peter. a. d. 741—755. § 56. Charles the Great. a. d. 768—814. § 57. Founding of the Holy Roman Empire, a. d. 800. Charlemagne and Leo III § 58. Survey of the History of the Holy Roman Empire. § 59. The Papacy and the Empire from the Death of Charlemagne to Nicolas I a. d. 814—858). Note on the Myth of the Papess Joan. § 60. The Pseudo−Isidorian Decretals. § 61. Nicolas I., April, 858−Nov. 13, 867. § 62. Hadrian II. and John VIII a. d. 867 to 882. § 63. The Degradation of the Papacy in the Tenth Century. § 64. The Interference of Otho the Great. § 65. The Second Degradation of the Papacy from Otho I to Henry III. a. d. 973—1046. § 66. Henry III and the Synod of Sutri. Deposition of three rival Popes. a. d. 1046. CHAPTER V. The Conflict of the Eastern and Western Churches and Their Separation. § 67. Sources and Literature. § 68. The Consensus and Dissensus between the Greek and Latin Churches. § 69. The Causes of Separation. § 70. The Patriarch and the Pope. Photius and Nicolas. § 71. Progress and Completion of the Schism. Cerularius. § 72. Fruitless Attempts at Reunion. CHAPTER VI. Morals and Religion. § 73. Literature. § 74. General Character of Mediaeval Morals. § 75. Clerical Morals. § 76. Domestic Life. § 77. Slavery. § 78. Feuds and Private Wars. The Truce of God. § 79. The Ordeal. § 80. The Torture. § 81. Christian Charity. CHAPTER VII. Monasticism. § 82. Use of Convents in the Middle Ages. § 83. St. Benedict. St. Nilus. St. Romuald. § 84. The Convent of Cluny. PHILIP SCHAFF 5 HISTORY of the CHRISTIAN CHURCH, VOLUME IV. MEDIAEVAL CHRISTIAINITY CHAPTER VIII. Church Discipline. § 85. The Penitential Books. § 86. Ecclesiastical Punishments. Excommunication, Anathema, Interdict. § 87. Penance and Indulgence. CHAPTER IX. Church and State. § 88. Legislation. § 89. The Roman Law. § 90. The Capitularies of Charlemagne. § 91. English Legislation. CHAPTER X. Worship and Ceremonies. § 92. The Mass. § 93. The Sermon. § 94. Church Poetry. Greek Hymns and Hymnists. § 95. Latin Hymnody. Literature. § 96. Latin Hymns and Hymnists. § 97. The Seven Sacraments. § 98. The Organ and the Bell. § 99. The Worship of Saints. § 100. The Worship of Images. Literature. Different Theories. § 101. The Iconoclastic War, and the Synod of 754. § 102. The Restoration of Image−Worship by the Seventh Oecumenical Council, 787. § 103. Iconoclastic Reaction, and Final Triumph of Image−Worship, a. d. 842. § 104. The Caroline Books and the Frankish Church on Image−Worship. § 105. Evangelical Reformers. Agobardus of Lyons, and Claudius of Turin. CHAPTER XI. Doctrinal Controversies. § 106. General Survey. § 107. The Controversy on the Procession of the Holy Spirit. § 108. The Arguments for and against the Filioque. § 109. The Monotheletic Controversy. § 110. The Doctrine of Two Wills in Christ. § 111. History of Monotheletism and Dyotheletism.
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    “This translation of the Vita Christi is a colossal work making accessible to a new audience a monument of medieval spirituality that influenced such great saints as St. Teresa of Avila and St. Ignatius of Loyola. Ludolph of Saxony drew on patristic and medieval authors to weave a rich spiritual commentary breaking open the Word of God for his contemporaries. Believers will find wisdom. Students of history, theology, and spirituality will gain access to an influential worldview. A magnificent endeavor!” — André Brouillette, SJ Assistant Professor of Systematic and Spiritual Theology Director, Licentiate in Sacred Theology Program (STL) Boston College School of Theology and Ministry “The manuscript tradition of The Life of Christ (Vita Christi) is extremely complex, and Walsh, while basing his translation on the edition, has gone beyond in providing critical apparatus that will be of significant use to scholars, as well as making the text available for students and all interested in the theology, spirituality, and religious life of the later Middle Ages. His introduction expertly places Ludolph’s work in the textual tradition and is itself a contribution to scholarship. Simply put, this is an amazing achievement!” — Eric Leland Saak Professor of History Indiana University “Modern readers will find Ludolph’s work fanciful. This is much here for meditation, and each section concludes with a prayer. The Life of Christ is not for the gullible, but it can be recommended for lectio and spiritual reading.” — Sr. Sarah Schwartzberg, OSB, Spirit & Life “This translation—the first into English—of The Life of Jesus Christ by Ludolph of Saxony will be welcomed both by scholars in various fields and by practicing Christians.
  • Saint John Chrysostom

    Saint John Chrysostom

    St Andrew’s Greek Orthodox Theological College 242 Cleveland St Redfern NSW 2016 Australia The Seventh Saint Andrew’s Patristic Symposium Saint John Chrysostom 23 – 24 September 2016 The Seventh St Andrew’s Patristic Symposium Saint John Chrysostom 23 - 24 September 2016 The seventh St Andrew’s Patristic Symposium focuses on the personality, contributions and legacy of Saint John Chrysostom. Traditionally acknowledged as a great orator, scriptural interpreter and dedicated shepherd, in recent times the significance of Chrysostom is primarily assessed from the viewpoint of social history. Very recently, his input to the notion of free will has opened new avenues for exploration, for instance by scholars of Saint Maximus the Confessor. The Byzantine acclamation of Chrysostom as an ecumenical teacher and the references to him in the 14th century hesychast disputes require further assessment. A broader, interdisciplinary approach to Chrysostomian studies, such as that represented by the papers offered for the present conference, will cast further light on the various contributions of this venerable figure of early Christianity. Keynotes Professor Pauline Allen Fellow of the British Academy Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities Centre for Early Christian Studies and Australian Catholic University (Brisbane QLD) Department of Ancient Languages, University of Pretoria Sydney College of Divinity John Chrysostom after Chalcedon: A Useful Ecumenist? Dr Wendy Mayer Fellow of the Australian Academy of the Humanities Centre for Early Christian Studies and Australian Catholic University (Brisbane QLD) John Chrysostom: Moral Philosopher and Physician of the Soul Conveners Dr Doru Costache (St Andrew’s) Professor James Harrison (Sydney College of Divinity) Dr Adam Cooper (John Paul II Institute for Marriage and Family) Dr Mario Baghos (St Andrew’s) The conveners express their gratitude to Australian Research Theology Foundation Inc., which has offered two bursaries for postgraduate students.