Full List of the Historical SPLM/SPLA Commanders, 1983-2005
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South Sudan's
Untapped and Unprepared Dirty Deals Threaten South Sudan’s Mining Sector April 2020 Table of Contents Executive Summary 1 Invitation to Exploitation 4 Beneath the Battlefield: Mineral Development During Conflict 12 Indications of Possible Money Laundering 19 Recommendations 20 We are grateful for the support we receive from our donors who have helped make our work possible. To learn more about The Sentry’s funders, please visit The Sentry website at www.thesentry.org/about/. UNTAPPED AND UNPREPARED: DIRTY DEALS THREATEN SOUTH SUDAN’S MINING SECTOR TheSentry.org Executive Summary South Sudan’s mining sector has seen rapid development in recent years, and preliminary reports suggest that the industry could become an engine for major economic growth. However, ineffective accountability mechanisms, an opaque corporate landscape, and inadequate due diligence have exposed the sector to abuse by bad actors within South Sudan’s ruling clique. The Sentry has found that existing laws have proven insufficient bulwarks against abuse, raising concerns that the country’s mineral wealth could do little more than spur the kind of violent competition that has ravaged the oil sector. Although South Sudan took welcome steps to reform the mining sector in 2012, some government officials, their relatives, and their close associates have fostered a weak regulatory environment susceptible to exploitation. In one example of how the privileged few have apparently exploited kleptocratic arrangements, President Salva Kiir’s daughter partly owns a company with three active licenses, while another company with three licenses lists former Vice President James Wani Igga’s son as a shareholder. Ashraf Seed Ahmed Hussein Ali, a businessman commonly known as Al-Cardinal who was placed under Global Magnitsky sanctions in October 2019, reportedly owns the company currently holding the greatest number of licenses.1 In the gold-rich region of Kapoeta, state government officials have begun issuing licenses independently of the central government. -
A Case Study of South Sudan by Moses
AN EXAMINATION OF THE ROLE OF CONFLICT RESOLUTION MECHANISMS IN ARMED CONFLICT SITUATIONS: A CASE STUDY OF SOUTH SUDAN BY MOSES MAKER MAGOK LLB/16625/113/D F A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF LAW IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AW ARD OF THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF LAWS OF KAMP ALA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY JANUARY, 2017 DECLARATION "I MOSES MAKER MAGOK declare that the work presented in this dissertation is original. It has never been presented to any other University or Institution. It is hereby presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Bachelor Degree in Law of Kampala International University". Signature: --~ -------- Date: _{?_ _j_~J~J:j- APPROVAL BY THE SUPERVISOR "I certify that I have supervised and read this study and that in my opinion, it conforms to acceptable standards of scholarly presentation and is fully in scope and quality as a di ssertation in partial fulfillment for the award of Degree of Bachelor of Law of Kampala International University". Name of Supervisor: Mr.Tajudeen Sanni Signature: -- ~ ------------ Date: ------b/J ---------------')_--- -------------1---:::r-- --------- ( ii DEDICATION I dedicate this book to my dear and lovely wife Deborah Yar Majok and the entire family of Dhor Athian Liai and to my parents both Dad and Mum namely: Magok Majok Dhor and lovely Mum Mary Nyitur Y omdit for their adequate supports and prayers they rendered to me during my studies that gave me success leading to award of Bachelor Degree of Laws of Kampala International University. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are many people who deserve special thanks for helping me in getting the information about this research topic of which it had facilitated the completion of my thesis. -
Small Arms Survey/HSBA: "The Conflict in Unity State"
The Conflict in Unity State Describing events through 29 January 2015 It is now thirteen months since the beginning of the South Sudanese conflict. Both the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A) and the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army in Opposition (SPLM/A-IO) have spent the rainy season reinforcing their military positions in Unity state—as elsewhere—in anticipation of a dry season military campaign. The beginning of 2015 has already seen clashes just south of Bentiu—the state capital—in Guit county, and around the oil fields of Rubkona and Pariang counties. As of January 2015, the SPLA maintains control of the northern and western counties of Pariang and Abiemnom, as well as of Bentiu. The SPLA-IO controls Unity’s southern counties, and much of Guit and Rubkona. Mayom, a strategically important county that contains the road from Warrap state— along which SPLA reinforcements could travel—is largely under the control of the SPLA. As dry season begins, the frontlines are just south of Bentiu, in Guit and Rubkona, and just north and west of the oil fields in Rubkona and Pariang: both the oil fields and the state capital will be important SPLA-IO strategic targets in the coming months. Peace negotiations, which continued during the rainy season, have failed to overcome the substantial divergences between the two sides’ positions. An intra-SPLM dialogue recently took place in Arusha, Tanzania, and resulted in an agreement signed on 21 January by the SPLM, SPLM-IO, and the representative of the SPLM detainees, Deng Alor. -
South Sudan Development Plan 2011-2013
Government of the Republic of South Sudan South Sudan Development Plan 2011-2013 Realising freedom, equality, justice, peace and prosperity for all Juba, August 2011 0 Contents 0.1 Table of abbreviations and acronyms v 0.2 Foreword xi 0.3 Acknowledgments xii 0.4 Executive summary xiii 0.4.1 Context: conflict, poverty and economic vulnerability xiii 0.4.2 The development challenge xiii 0.4.3 Development objectives xiv 0.4.4 Governance – institutional strengthening and improving transparency and accountability xvi 0.4.5 Economic development – rural development supported by infrastructure improvements xvii 0.4.6 Social and human development – investing in people xviii 0.4.7 Conflict prevention and security – deepening peace and improving security xix 0.4.8 Cross-cutting issues xx 0.4.9 Government resources and their allocation to support development priorities xx 0.4.10 Donor resources xxi 0.4.11 Implementation xxii 0.4.12 Monitoring and Evaluation xxiii 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE SOUTH SUDAN DEVELOPMENT PLAN 1 1.1 Purpose of the South Sudan Development Plan 1 1.2 The development planning process and approach 1 1.3 Coverage of the South Sudan Development Plan 2 1.4 Cross-cutting issues integral to the national development priorities 3 2 BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT 4 2.1 Historical context 4 2.2 Analysis of conflict 6 2.2.1 Causes of conflict 6 2.2.2 Consequences of conflict 8 2.2.3 Peace-building in South Sudan 8 2.2.4 Recommendations for SSDP 11 2.3 Poverty and human development 12 2.3.1 Demographic context 13 2.3.2 Vulnerability 16 2.3.3 Social -
JMEC-1St-Qtr-2020-Report-FINAL 1.Pdf
REPORT BY H.E AMB. LT. GEN AUGOSTINO S.K. NJOROGE (Rtd) INTERIM CHAIRPERSON OF RJMEC ON THE STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE REVITALISED AGREEMENT ON THE RESOLUTION OF THE CONFLICT IN THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH SUDAN FOR THE PERIOD 1st January to 31st March 2020 Report No. 006/20 JUBA, SOUTH SUDAN Table of Contents List of Acronyms ....................................................................................................................... ii Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. iii I. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 II. Prevailing Political, Security, Humanitarian and Economic Situation ................................. 2 Political Developments .......................................................................................................... 2 The Security Situation ............................................................................................................ 3 Humanitarian Situation .......................................................................................................... 5 The Economy ......................................................................................................................... 7 III. Status of Implementation of the R-ARCSS ......................................................................... 8 Number of States and Boundaries ......................................................................................... -
Displaced and Immiserated: the Shilluk of Upper Nile in South
Report September 2019 DISPLACED AND IMMISERATED The Shilluk of Upper Nile in South Sudan’s Civil War, 2014–19 Joshua Craze HSBA DISPLACED AND IMMISERATED The Shilluk of Upper Nile in South Sudan’s Civil War, 2014–19 Joshua Craze HSBA A publication of the Small Arms Survey’s Human Security Baseline Assessment for Sudan and South Sudan project with support from the US Department of State Credits Published in Switzerland by the Small Arms Survey © Small Arms Survey, Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, Geneva, 2019 First published in September 2019 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval sys- tem, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the Small Arms Survey, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Publications Coordinator, Small Arms Survey, at the address below. Small Arms Survey Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies Maison de la Paix, Chemin Eugène-Rigot 2E 1202 Geneva, Switzerland Series editor: Rebecca Bradshaw Fact-checker: Natacha Cornaz ([email protected]) Copy-editor: Hannah Austin ([email protected]) Proofreader: Stephanie Huitson ([email protected]) Cartography: Jillian Luff, MAPgrafix (www.mapgrafix.com) Design: Rick Jones ([email protected]) Layout: Frank Benno Junghanns ([email protected]) Cover photo: A man walks through the village of Aburoc, South Sudan, as an Ilyushin Il-76 flies over the village during a food drop as part of a joint WFP–UNICEF Rapid Response Mission on 13 May 2017. -
(UNMISS) Media & Spokesperson Unit Communications & Public Information Office MEDIA MONITORING REPORT
United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) Media & Spokesperson Unit Communications & Public Information Office MEDIA MONITORING REPORT MONDAY, 08 JULY 2013 SOUTH SUDAN South Sudan’s 2nd birthday (Al-Jazeera News) Friends of S. Sudan’ go public with call for "significant changes and reform" (Sudantribune.com) Dr. Tedros Receives South Sudan's Foreign Minister (AllAfrica.com) South Sudan not a failed state: British Envoy (Gurtong.net) O3b’s new satellite constellation to provide high speed connectivity to S. Sudan (Business Wire) Youth want leader to step down for abuse of office (Gurtong.net) Japan boosts Ministry of Health with USD 4 million by Anthony Wani (Theniles.org) South Sudanese students in Egypt meet government delegation (Gurtong.net) CARE International assists vulnerable communities in Unity state (Sudantribune.com) Organization distributes treated mosquito nets to curb malaria spread (Gurtong.net) SOUTH SUDAN, SUDAN FM to represent Sudan in S. Sudan national day celebrations (Sudanvisiondaily.com) Sudan MiG-29s said to conduct air strikes on South (Worldtribune.com) SAF denies Juba accusations of fresh attacks on border areas (Sudantribune.com) Now is the time for Arab Unity; Nafie (Sudanvisiondaily.com) Eritrea’s leader says comprehensive strategy key to resolve Sudans disputes (Sudantribune.com) South Sudan’s FM briefs Ethiopian PM about recent talks with Khartoum (Sudantribune.com) Juba says Khartoum wants to buy 4,500 barrels of oil for Kosti power plant (Sudantriibune.com) Sudan will not shut oil -
South Sudan | Freedom House
South Sudan | Freedom House https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2017/south-sudan Freedom in the World 2017 Profile Freedom in the World Scores (1=Most Free, 7=Least Free) Aggregate Score: 4/100 (0=Least Free, 100=Most Free) South Sudan’s civil liberties rating declined from 6 to 7, and it received a downward trend arrow, due to the collapse of a peace deal, the resumption of civil war, and egregious human rights abuses carried out against civilians, in many cases by government forces. Overview: South Sudan, which gained independence from Sudan in 2011, has been ravaged by civil war since late 2013, when a rift between President Salva Kiir and his recently dismissed vice president, Riek Machar, triggered fighting among their supporters and divided the country along ethnic lines. Overdue national elections have yet to be held, and the incumbent leadership has presided over rampant corruption, economic collapse, and atrocities against civilians, journalists, and aid workers. Key Developments: A cease-fire between armed factions loyal to President Kiir and First Vice President Machar unraveled in July. Heavy fighting broke out in the capital, signaling the resumption of the civil war. Machar himself fled the country, traveling to the Democratic Republic of Congo and Sudan before resurfacing in South Africa. He urged followers to continue the war. Machar was replaced as vice president by Taban Deng Gai. After existing UN peacekeepers failed to protect civilians from atrocities by the combatants, the UN Security Council in August authorized a new Regional 1 of 9 7/17/2019, 3:52 PM South Sudan | Freedom House https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2017/south-sudan Protection Force that would have a stronger mandate to secure Juba. -
Security Council Distr.: General 10 November 2016
United Nations S/2016/950 Security Council Distr.: General 10 November 2016 Original: English Report of the Secretary-General on South Sudan (covering the period from 12 August to 25 October 2016) I. Introduction 1. The present report is submitted pursuant to Security Council resolution 2304 (2016), in which the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) until 15 December 2016 and requested that I report on the implementation of the mandate every 90 days. It covers developments between 12 August and 25 October 2016 and contains observations on the implementation of the Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in the Republic of South Sudan and related tasks. A separate special report will be shared with the Security Council on the strategic assessment of UNMISS, which will present recommendations on the future engagement of the Mission in South Sudan (S/2016/951). II. Political and economic developments Peace process 2. Since the adoption on 12 August of Security Council resolution 2304 (2016), there has been marginal progress towards the implementation of key elements of the peace agreement. The reconstituted Transitional Government of National Unity worked to consolidate the current political arrangement that has Taban Deng Gai as the First Vice-President and head of a Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army in Opposition (SPLM/A in Opposition) faction, in which capacity he has led the engagements of the Transitional Government of National Unity with regional countries and international partners. On 9 September, following a reshuffling of the Cabinet and the Transitional National Legislative Assembly, the First Vice-President appointed 15 new members to the Joint Monitoring and Evaluation Commission, to replace those representing SPLM in Opposition in the Commission. -
STATEMENT by the FIRST VICE PRESIDENT REPUBLIC OF
STATEMENT By H.E. GEN. TABAN DENG GAI THE FIRST VICE PRESIDENT REPUBLIC OF SOUTH SUDAN AT THE 73rd SESSION OF THE UNITED NATIONS GENERAL ASSEMBLY 28th SEPTEMBER 2018 New York, USA Check Against Delivery Also, I was happy to witness the centenary of Late Madiba. It was indeed befitting that the UN dedicated 24th September for the Nelson Mandela Summit. He was an icon of peace, whose legacy will live forever. Madam President, The theme that you have selected for this session Making the United Nations relevant to all people: Global leadership and shared responsibilities for peaceful, equitable and sustainable societies , resonates very well with the vision of the Republic of South Sudan for peace and prosperity. Madam President, Your Excellencies, Distinguished Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen, Allow me at this juncture to share with this August House some of the successes we have made in our long walk to peace and prosperity: Last year, I stood before you as the First Vice President of a country amidst violent conflict. Today, I stand before you as a testament of what members of this body have helped achieve in the Republic of South Sudan, especially the dedicated UN Agencies operating in our country, the IGAD, AU, EU, TROIKA, China, IGAD Partners Forum (IPF), international partners and friends of South Sudan. I am pleased to inform this August House, of a more united Republic of South Sudan, that is heading towards peaceful stability. With the continued support and goodwill from our regional and international partners, we are on schedule to hold free and fair general elections after a transitional period of 36 months. -
South Sudan 2016 Human Rights Report
SOUTH SUDAN 2016 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY South Sudan is a republic operating under the terms of a peace agreement signed in August 2015. President Salva Kiir Mayardit, whose authority derives from his 2010 election as president of what was then the semiautonomous region of Southern Sudan within the Republic of Sudan, is chief of state and head of government. While the 2010 Sudan-wide elections did not wholly meet international standards, international observers believed Kiir’s election reflected the will of a large majority of Southern Sudanese. International observers considered the 2011 referendum on South Sudanese self-determination, in which 98 percent of voters chose to separate from Sudan, to be free and fair. President Kiir was a founding member of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement (SPLM) political party, the political wing of the Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA). Of the 30 ministers in the government, 16 were appointed by Kiir, 10 by the SPLM in Opposition (SPLM-IO), two by a political faction known as the Former Detainees, and two by the group known as “other political parties” as provided for in the peace agreement. The bicameral legislature consists of a Transitional National Legislative Assembly (TNLA) with 400 seats (68 were added in accordance with the peace agreement), of which 296 were filled, and a Council of States with 50 seats. SPLM representatives controlled the vast majority of seats in the legislature. The SPLM-IO alleged, however, that appointments to the 68 new seats did not meet the criteria of the peace agreement. Through presidential decrees, Kiir appointed new governors, having already replaced eight of the 10 state governors elected since 2010. -
Factors Hindering Didinga Women's
Didinga Women & Development All levels of government shall…enact laws to combat harmful customs and tradi- tions which undermine the dignity and status of women Women shall be accorded full and equal dignity of the person with men Women shall have the right to participate equally with men in public life. Article 16, the Transitional Constitution of the Republic of South Sudan, 2011, Factors hindering Didinga Women’s Contribution to Development Hellen Nauren Atiol September 2014 Dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Master of Arts in Development and Emergency Practice Centre for Development and Emergency Practice Oxford Brookes University Abstract The significance for gender equality and women’s empowerment is supported with the fact that all individuals deserve to live a life of their own choosing supported with all the basic rights. Increasing women’s agency so that they have the ability to make their own choices can contribute to economic efficiency and the achievement of key development out- comes. This research demonstrates how external factors such as conflict and insecurity, weak governance and poverty, coupled with internal factors rooted in cultural values enforced by the patriarchal dominance completely disempowers the Didinga women of South Sudan and affects their potential of effective contribution towards development. The study is based on an empirical form of qualitative research, carried out through in- formal interviews with the Didinga women in various regions of Budi County, located in Eastern Equatoria South Sudan, where participants reveal the perception and attitude towards women taking a more active and aggressive role towards change in the community.