South Sudan Development Plan 2011-2013
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Strategic Peacebuilding- the Role of Civilians and Civil Society in Preventing Mass Atrocities in South Sudan
SPECIAL REPORT Strategic Peacebuilding The Role of Civilians and Civil Society in Preventing Mass Atrocities in South Sudan The Cases of the SPLM Leadership Crisis (2013), the Military Standoff at General Malong’s House (2017), and the Wau Crisis (2016–17) NYATHON H. MAI JULY 2020 WEEKLY REVIEW June 7, 2020 The Boiling Frustrations in South Sudan Abraham A. Awolich outh Sudan’s 2018 peace agreement that ended the deadly 6-year civil war is in jeopardy, both because the parties to it are back to brinkmanship over a number S of mildly contentious issues in the agreement and because the implementation process has skipped over fundamental st eps in a rush to form a unity government. It seems that the parties, the mediators and guarantors of the agreement wereof the mind that a quick formation of the Revitalized Government of National Unity (RTGoNU) would start to build trust between the leaders and to procure a public buy-in. Unfortunately, a unity government that is devoid of capacity and political will is unable to address the fundamentals of peace, namely, security, basic services, and justice and accountability. The result is that the citizens at all levels of society are disappointed in RTGoNU, with many taking the law, order, security, and survival into their own hands due to the ubiquitous absence of government in their everyday lives. The country is now at more risk of becoming undone at its seams than any other time since the liberation war ended in 2005. The current st ate of affairs in the country has been long in the making. -
National Audit Chamber the Report of the Auditor
NATIONAL AUDIT CHAMBER THE REPORT OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF THE GOVERNMENT OF SOUTHERN SUDAN FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER 2008 TO THE PRESIDENT THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH SUDAN AND SOUTH SUDAN NATIONAL LEGISLATIVEASSEMBLY 1 2 CONTENTS Auditor General’s Opinion 7 Financial Statements for 2008 18 Chapter – 1 : Oil Revenue 75 Chapter – 2 : Non- Oil Revenue 89 Chapter – 3 : Ministry of Cabinet Affairs 97 Chapter – 4 : Ministry of Commerce, Trade &Supply 105 Chapter – 5 : Ministry of Education, Science and Technology 117 Chapter – 6 : Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning 133 Chapter – 7 : Ministry of Health 153 Chapter – 8 : Ministry of Internal Affairs 173 Chapter – 9 : Judiciary 191 Chapter – 10 : Ministry of Legal Affairs and Constitutional 203 Development Chapter – 11 : Southern Sudan Legislative Assembly 213 Chapter – 12 :Ministry of Sudan People’s Liberation Army 233 Affairs Chapter – 13 : Southern Sudan Electricity Commission 255 Chapter – 14 : Southern Sudan Human Rights Commission 267 3 4 SOUTH SUDAN NATIONAL AUDIT CHAMBER AUDITOR GENERAL’S OPINION ON GOVERNMENT OF SOUTHERN SUDAN FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF 2008 5 6 SOUTH SUDAN NATIONAL AUDIT CHAMBER OPINION OF THE AUDITOR GENERAL ON THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31ST DECEMBER 2008 1. INTRODUCTION The year 2008 was the fourth fiscal cycle of the Government of Southern Sudan. The Financial Statements for 2008 were issued in January 2012 and hence the late presentation. The audit of the Financial Statements of 2008 was conducted in 2012. Government Ministries and Agencies were more responsive to audit than in previous years. I thank the President for his helpful phone calls on this matter. -
South Sudan's
Untapped and Unprepared Dirty Deals Threaten South Sudan’s Mining Sector April 2020 Table of Contents Executive Summary 1 Invitation to Exploitation 4 Beneath the Battlefield: Mineral Development During Conflict 12 Indications of Possible Money Laundering 19 Recommendations 20 We are grateful for the support we receive from our donors who have helped make our work possible. To learn more about The Sentry’s funders, please visit The Sentry website at www.thesentry.org/about/. UNTAPPED AND UNPREPARED: DIRTY DEALS THREATEN SOUTH SUDAN’S MINING SECTOR TheSentry.org Executive Summary South Sudan’s mining sector has seen rapid development in recent years, and preliminary reports suggest that the industry could become an engine for major economic growth. However, ineffective accountability mechanisms, an opaque corporate landscape, and inadequate due diligence have exposed the sector to abuse by bad actors within South Sudan’s ruling clique. The Sentry has found that existing laws have proven insufficient bulwarks against abuse, raising concerns that the country’s mineral wealth could do little more than spur the kind of violent competition that has ravaged the oil sector. Although South Sudan took welcome steps to reform the mining sector in 2012, some government officials, their relatives, and their close associates have fostered a weak regulatory environment susceptible to exploitation. In one example of how the privileged few have apparently exploited kleptocratic arrangements, President Salva Kiir’s daughter partly owns a company with three active licenses, while another company with three licenses lists former Vice President James Wani Igga’s son as a shareholder. Ashraf Seed Ahmed Hussein Ali, a businessman commonly known as Al-Cardinal who was placed under Global Magnitsky sanctions in October 2019, reportedly owns the company currently holding the greatest number of licenses.1 In the gold-rich region of Kapoeta, state government officials have begun issuing licenses independently of the central government. -
Wartime Trade and the Reshaping of Power in South Sudan Learning from the Market of Mayen Rual South Sudan Customary Authorities Project
SOUTH SUDAN CUSTOMARY AUTHORITIES pROjECT WARTIME TRADE AND THE RESHAPING OF POWER IN SOUTH SUDAN LEARNING FROM THE MARKET OF MAYEN RUAL SOUTH SUDAN customary authorities pROjECT Wartime Trade and the Reshaping of Power in South Sudan Learning from the market of Mayen Rual NAOMI PENDLE AND CHirrilo MADUT ANEI Published in 2018 by the Rift Valley Institute PO Box 52771 GPO, 00100 Nairobi, Kenya 107 Belgravia Workshops, 159/163 Marlborough Road, London N19 4NF, United Kingdom THE RIFT VALLEY INSTITUTE (RVI) The Rift Valley Institute (www.riftvalley.net) works in eastern and central Africa to bring local knowledge to bear on social, political and economic development. THE AUTHORS Naomi Pendle is a Research Fellow in the Firoz Lalji Centre for Africa, London School of Economics. Chirrilo Madut Anei is a graduate of the University of Bahr el Ghazal and is an emerging South Sudanese researcher. SOUTH SUDAN CUSTOMARY AUTHORITIES PROJECT RVI’s South Sudan Customary Authorities Project seeks to deepen the understand- ing of the changing role of chiefs and traditional authorities in South Sudan. The SSCA Project is supported by the Swiss Government. CREDITS RVI EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: Mark Bradbury RVI ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR OF RESEARCH AND COMMUNICATIONS: Cedric Barnes RVI SOUTH SUDAN PROGRAMME MANAGER: Anna Rowett RVI SENIOR PUBLICATIONS AND PROGRAMME MANAGER: Magnus Taylor EDITOR: Kate McGuinness DESIGN: Lindsay Nash MAPS: Jillian Luff,MAPgrafix ISBN 978-1-907431-56-2 COVER: Chief Morris Ngor RIGHTS Copyright © Rift Valley Institute 2018 Cover image © Silvano Yokwe Alison Text and maps published under Creative Commons License Attribution-Noncommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 Available for free download from www.riftvalley.net Printed copies are available from Amazon and other online retailers. -
Conflict and Crisis in South Sudan's Equatoria
SPECIAL REPORT NO. 493 | APRIL 2021 UNITED STATES INSTITUTE OF PEACE www.usip.org Conflict and Crisis in South Sudan’s Equatoria By Alan Boswell Contents Introduction ...................................3 Descent into War ..........................4 Key Actors and Interests ............ 9 Conclusion and Recommendations ...................... 16 Thomas Cirillo, leader of the Equatoria-based National Salvation Front militia, addresses the media in Rome on November 2, 2019. (Photo by Andrew Medichini/AP) Summary • In 2016, South Sudan’s war expand- Equatorians—a collection of diverse South Sudan’s transitional period. ed explosively into the country’s minority ethnic groups—are fighting • On a national level, conflict resolu- southern region, Equatoria, trig- for more autonomy, local or regional, tion should pursue shared sover- gering a major refugee crisis. Even and a remedy to what is perceived eignty among South Sudan’s con- after the 2018 peace deal, parts of as (primarily) Dinka hegemony. stituencies and regions, beyond Equatoria continue to be active hot • Equatorian elites lack the external power sharing among elites. To spots for national conflict. support to viably pursue their ob- resolve underlying grievances, the • The war in Equatoria does not fit jectives through violence. The gov- political process should be expand- neatly into the simplified narratives ernment in Juba, meanwhile, lacks ed to include consultations with of South Sudan’s war as a power the capacity and local legitimacy to local community leaders. The con- struggle for the center; nor will it be definitively stamp out the rebellion. stitutional reform process of South addressed by peacebuilding strate- Both sides should pursue a nego- Sudan’s current transitional period gies built off those precepts. -
Southern Sudan News Bulletin ______
Southern Sudan News Bulletin ___________________________________________________________________________ An Overview of UN Activities in Southern Sudan Published by the UN Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) _____________________________________________________________________ Vol. 4 Issue No.1 January 2009 Highlights: ¾ Thousands flee LRA attacks ¾ Sudan marks fourth CPA anniversary ¾ Former SPLA combatants turned into Prison Services Wardens ¾ Misseriya still in Southern Kordofan ¾ Planning underway for Tri-State Peace Conference ¾ Data compilation for essential services in Lakes State completed . Sector I – Juba Sudan Marks fourth CPA anniversary Thousands flee LRA attacks On January 9, Sudan marked the fourth Thousands of internally displaced persons anniversary of the Comprehensive Peace (IDPs) and refugees fleeing attacks by Agreement (CPA) that ended 21 years of Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) rebels have conflict between northern and southern poured into Western Equatoria State, Sudan in the Upper Nile State capital of prompting Governor Jemma Nunu Kumba to Malakal. The ceremony, which was attended launch a humanitarian appeal for by both the President of the Government of assistance. The displacement follows a joint National Unity (GONU), Omar Al Bashir, and military offensive by Ugandan and the First Vice-President of the GONU, Salva Congolese forces against the LRA that was Kiir, drew thousands of Sudanese to the launched on 14 December. The IDPs and city’s stadium. refugees, most of whom come from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), During the celebrations, President Bashir moved into Sudan after LRA attacks on and Vice-President Kiir, who is also their villages killed hundreds and led to the president of the Government of Southern abduction of women, children and even Sudan (GoSS), inaugurated the Malakal men. -
1 AU Commission of Inquiry on South Sudan Addis Ababa, Ethiopia P. O
AU Commission of Inquiry on South Sudan Addis Ababa, Ethiopia P. O. Box 3243 Telephone: +251 11 551 7700 / +251 11 518 25 58/ Ext 2558 Website: http://www.au.int/en/auciss Original: English FINAL REPORT OF THE AFRICAN UNION COMMISSION OF INQUIRY ON SOUTH SUDAN ADDIS ABABA 15 OCTOBER 2014 1 Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................................... 3 ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER I ..................................................................................................................... 7 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 8 CHAPTER II .................................................................................................................. 34 INSTITUTIONS IN SOUTH SUDAN .............................................................................. 34 CHAPTER III ............................................................................................................... 110 EXAMINATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS AND OTHER ABUSES DURING THE CONFLICT: ACCOUNTABILITY ......................................................................... 111 CHAPTER IV ............................................................................................................... 233 ISSUES ON HEALING AND RECONCILIATION ....................................................... -
Helen, Here Is a Piece Ready for Editing
South Sudan: The Birth of an Economy The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Werker, Eric D., Kelly Wyett, and Shannon Ding. "South Sudan: The Birth of an Economy." Innovations: Technology, Governance, Globalization (forthcoming). Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:10685819 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Open Access Policy Articles, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#OAP Author bios: Shannon Ding is a Masters in Public Administration in International Development student at the Harvard Kennedy School. During the summer of 2011, she worked in South Sudan's Ministry of Investment. Kelly Wyett is a Masters in Public Administration and International Development student at the Harvard Kennedy School. During the summer of 2011, she worked in the Central Bank of South Sudan. Eric Werker is an associate professor in the Business, Government, and the International Economy Unit at Harvard Business School. His research explores the economics of development and of developing economies. The research was conducted with the support of the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation. It is part of a longer report to be released later in the year. South Sudan: The Birth of an Economy Shannon Ding, Kelly Wyett and Eric Werker 1 A DRIVE AROUND SOUTH SUDAN The first thing one notices on the streets of Juba, the capital of South Sudan, is the abundance of white Toyota Land Cruisers. -
China, India, Russia, Brazil and the Two Sudans
CHINA, I NDIA, RUSSIA, BR AZIL AND THE T WO S UDANS OCCASIONAL PAPER 197 Global Powers and Africa Programme July 2014 Riding the Sudanese Storm: China, India, Russia, Brazil and the Two Sudans Daniel Large & Luke Patey s ir a f f A l a n o ti a rn e nt f I o te tu sti n In rica . th Af hts Sou sig al in Glob African perspectives. ABOUT SAIIA The South African Institute of International Affairs (SAIIA) has a long and proud record as South Africa’s premier research institute on international issues. It is an independent, non-government think tank whose key strategic objectives are to make effective input into public policy, and to encourage wider and more informed debate on international affairs, with particular emphasis on African issues and concerns. It is both a centre for research excellence and a home for stimulating public engagement. SAIIA’s occasional papers present topical, incisive analyses, offering a variety of perspectives on key policy issues in Africa and beyond. Core public policy research themes covered by SAIIA include good governance and democracy; economic policymaking; international security and peace; and new global challenges such as food security, global governance reform and the environment. Please consult our website www.saiia.org.za for further information about SAIIA’s work. ABOUT THE GLOBA L POWERS A ND A FRICA PROGRA MME The Global Powers and Africa (GPA) Programme, formerly Emerging Powers and Africa, focuses on the emerging global players China, India, Brazil, Russia and South Africa as well as the advanced industrial powers such as Japan, the EU and the US, and assesses their engagement with African countries. -
South Sudan: Jonglei – “We Have Always Been at War”
South Sudan: Jonglei – “We Have Always Been at War” Africa Report N°221 | 22 December 2014 International Crisis Group Headquarters Avenue Louise 149 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. Jonglei’s Conflicts Before the Civil War ........................................................................... 3 A. Perpetual Armed Rebellion ....................................................................................... 3 B. The Politics of Inter-Communal Conflict .................................................................. 4 1. The communal is political .................................................................................... 4 2. Mixed messages: Government response to intercommunal violence ................. 7 3. Ethnically-targeted civilian disarmament ........................................................... 8 C. Region over Ethnicity? Shifting Alliances between the Bahr el Ghazal Dinka, Greater Bor Dinka and Nuer ...................................................................................... 9 III. South Sudan’s Civil War in Jonglei .................................................................................. 12 A. Armed Factions in Jonglei ........................................................................................ -
HATE SPEECH MONITORING and CONFLICT ANALYSIS in SOUTH SUDAN Report #6: October 10 – October 23, 2017
October 25, 2017 HATE SPEECH MONITORING AND CONFLICT ANALYSIS IN SOUTH SUDAN Report #6: October 10 – October 23, 2017 This report is part of a broader initiative by PeaceTech Lab to analyze online hate speech in South Sudan in order to help mitigate the threat of hateful language in fueling violence on-the-ground. Hate speech can be defined as language that can incite others to discriminate or act against individuals or groups based on their ethnic, religious, racial, gender or national identity. The Lab also acknowledges the role of “dangerous speech,” which is a heightened form of hate speech that can catalyze mass violence. Summary of Recent Events uring this reporting period, military clashes continued throughout the Greater Equatoria and Upper Nile regions, both between rebel and government D forces, and among various rebel groups. On October 17, a contingent of National Salvation Front (NAS) fighters under General Thomas Cirillo overran SPLA-IO training bases around Kajo-Keji in Central Equatoria. The assaults occurred shortly after the SPLA-IO captured strategic barracks from government forces. The NAS itself claims that it was attacked by SPLA-IO forces, precipitating a counter-attack. It is unclear whether the NAS attack was coordinated with pro-government forces or conducted separately. The NAS rebel movement, composed mostly of Equatorians, is opposed to perceived Dinka dominance in government institutions, but is also not on good terms with the SPLA-IO. Meanwhile in Jonglei state, the divisions between Dinka Bor South and Dinka Twic East culminated in the passage of a bill in state parliament that seeks to split the state into two parts: Bor (to be based in Bor town) and Jonglei (to be headquartered in Panyagor). -
The Contribution of Livestock to the South Sudan Economy
IGAD Centre for Pastoral Areas and Livestock Development (ICPALD) The Contribution of Livestock to the South Sudan Economy December 2015 This publication was produced for review by IGAD Centre for Pastoral Areas and Livestock Development (ICPALD) It was prepared by Diana Onyango, George Oyoko, Robert Too and Rachael Masake VEDAMAN Consultants Limited Nairobi, Kenya Final Report, December, 2015 | i The Contribution of Livestock to the South Sudan Economy December 2015 DISCLAIMER The authors' views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of IGAD, the IGAD Centre for Pastoral Areas and Livestock Development (ICPALD) and the South Sudan government and or their agents. Final Report, December, 2015 | ii The Contribution of Livestock to the South Sudan Economy December, 2015 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The IGAD Center for Pastoral Areas and Livestock Development (ICPALD) would like to thank Vedaman Consultants Ltd (Dr. Rachael and her team members) for their hard work to undertake the field work in the member state and produce the report. The management of ICPALD would also like to thank most sincerely the ICPALD livestock team for their dedicated and untiring support and technical inputs to make the production of livestock to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the Republic of South Sudan, Republic of Djibouti, Republic of Eritrea and the Federal Republic of Somalia a timely reality. ICPALD is also grateful to the Ministries responsible for Livestock, the experts National Bureau of Statistics, and other government officials in the Republic of South Sudan, Republic of Djibouti, Republic of Eritrea and the Federal Republic of Somalia who took time out of their busy schedules to locate numerous documents and reports and to contribute in key informant discussions that served as key data sources for the study.