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The Advantages and Disadvantages of Different Social Welfare Strategies
Throughout the world, societies are reexamining, reforming, and restructuring their social welfare systems. New ways are being sought to manage and finance these systems, and new approaches are being developed that alter the relative roles of government, private business, and individ- uals. Not surprisingly, this activity has triggered spirited debate about the relative merits of the various ways of structuring social welfare systems in general and social security programs in particular. The current changes respond to a vari- ety of forces. First, many societies are ad- justing their institutions to reflect changes in social philosophies about the relative responsibilities of government and the individual. These philosophical changes are especially dramatic in China, the former socialist countries of Eastern Europe, and the former Soviet Union; but The Advantages and Disadvantages they are also occurring in what has tradi- of Different Social Welfare Strategies tionally been thought of as the capitalist West. Second, some societies are strug- by Lawrence H. Thompson* gling to adjust to the rising costs associated with aging populations, a problem particu- The following was delivered by the author to the High Level American larly acute in the OECD countries of Asia, Meeting of Experts on The Challenges of Social Reform and New Adminis- Europe, and North America. Third, some trative and Financial Management Techniques. The meeting, which took countries are adjusting their social institu- tions to reflect new development strate- place September 5-7, 1994, in Mar de1 Plata, Argentina, was sponsored gies, a change particularly important in by the International Social Security Association at the invitation of the those countries in the Americas that seek Argentine Secretariat for Social Security in collaboration with the ISSA economic growth through greater eco- Member Organizations of that country. -
Historic Districts For
historic districts for all Brochure designed for local authorities September 2007 a social and human approach for sustainable revitalization sustainable for approach human and social a THE CHALLENGE FOR HISTORIC DISTRICTS TODAY For over a decade, the Social and Human Sciences Sector of UNESCO has been tasked Historic districts symbolize the cities: they forge the cultural identity and quality « with studying cities as « Arenas of accelerated social transformations ». During the of urban life; they direct the modern development of the area. In many cities, Second United Nations Conference on Human Settlements, which took place in Istanbul the revitalization of these districts meets with highly positive and encouraging in 1996 (HABITAT II), a Round Table was organized by UNESCO on « Democracy and results. citizenship in the city of the twenty-first century ». Since then, under the MOST Programme, several international comparative research projects have drawn attention to the different It is possible to conciliate conservation and protection of urban heritage, economic components of inclusive cities in the world. Projects such as « Small historical coastal cities », development, functionality and liveability of a city, and respond to the needs of its « Old Beijing », « Rehabilitation of Quito’s historic centre » and « Social sustainability of inhabitants while enhancing in a sustainable way the natural and cultural resources historic districts » have been carried out in cooperation with all UNESCO Sectors. of the city. From « HABITAT II » in 1996 to the international seminar UNESCO organized in Beijing in January 2007 on « balanced urbanization between social cohesion, economic development and heritage conservation », major indicators and parameters for strengthening social cohesion in historic districts have been identified by the Social and Human Sciences Sector Revitalization means reaching a satisfactory balance of UNESCO. -
Guidance Notes Application for Registration As an Elector in A
Guidance Notes Application for Registration as an Elector in a Functional Constituency and as a Voter in an Election Committee Subsector Health Services Registration and Electoral Office REO-GN1(2004)-HS CONTENTS Page Number I. Introduction 1 II. Who is Eligible to Apply for Registration in the 2 Health Services Functional Constituency and its Corresponding Election Committee Subsector III. Who is Disqualified from being Registered 3 IV. How to Submit an Application 4 V. Further Enquiries 4 VI. Personal Information Collection Statement 4 VII. Language Preference for Election-related 5 Communications Appendix A List of Functional Constituencies and their 6 corresponding Election Committee Subsectors Appendix B Eligibility for registration in the Health 7 Services Functional Constituency and its corresponding Election Committee Subsector ******************************************************************** The Guidance Notes and application forms are obtainable from the following sources: (a) Registration and Electoral Office: (i) 10th Floor, Harbour Centre 25 Harbour Road Wan Chai Hong Kong (ii) 10th Floor, Guardian House 32 Oi Kwan Road Wan Chai Hong Kong (b) Registration and Electoral Office Website: www.info.gov.hk/reo/index.htm (c) Registration and Electoral Office Enquiry Hotline: 2891 1001 - 1 - I. Introduction If you are eligible, you may apply to be registered as :- an elector in this Functional Constituency (“FC”) and a voter in the corresponding subsector of the Election Committee (“EC”), i.e. a subsector having the same name as the FC, at the same time, OR an elector in this FC and a voter in ONE of the following EC subsectors, instead of in its corresponding EC subsector: (1) Chinese Medicine; (2) Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference; (3) Hong Kong Chinese Enterprises Association, OR an elector in ONE of the FCs listed in Appendix A, and a voter in either its corresponding EC subsector or ONE of the above EC subsectors. -
2017 Census of Governments, State Descriptions: School District Governments and Public School Systems
NCES 2019 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Education Demographic and Geographic Estimates (EDGE) Program 2017 Census of Governments, State Descriptions: School District Governments and Public School Systems Education Demographic and Geographic Estimates (EDGE) Program 2017 Census of Governments, State Descriptions: School District Governments and Public School Systems JUNE 2019 Doug Geverdt National Center for Education Statistics U.S. Department of Education ii U.S. Department of Education Betsy DeVos Secretary Institute of Education Sciences Mark Schneider Director National Center for Education Statistics James L. Woodworth Commissioner Administrative Data Division Ross Santy Associate Commissioner The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) is the primary federal entity for collecting, analyzing, and reporting data related to education in the United States and other nations. It fulfills a congressional mandate to collect, collate, analyze, and report full and complete statistics on the condition of education in the United States; conduct and publish reports and specialized analyses of the meaning and significance of such statistics; assist state and local education agencies in improving their statistical systems; and review and report on education activities in foreign countries. NCES activities are designed to address high-priority education data needs; provide consistent, reliable, complete, and accurate indicators of education status and trends; and report timely, useful, and high-quality data to the U.S. Department of Education, Congress, states, other education policymakers, practitioners, data users, and the general public. Unless specifically noted, all information contained herein is in the public domain. We strive to make our products available in a variety of formats and in language that is appropriate to a variety of audiences. -
New York City Council Districts and Asian Communities (2018)
New York City Council Districts and Asian Communities (2018) 25, which includes Jackson Heights, Queens; District 38 encompassing Sunset Park, Brooklyn; and As our City Council starts this new term with 11 Introduction District 24, which include parts of Jamaica, Queens. new members and 40 returning members, the Asian American Federation has compiled data from Almost three in four Asian New Yorkers are the 2015 American Community Survey (ACS) on the immigrants. Overall, 26 percent of all immigrants Asian populations for each of the City Council citywide are Asians. Council District 20 has the Districts.1 We will highlight the growth in each highest percent of Asian immigrants among all district’s Asian population and highlight the Asian immigrant populations, accounting for 79 percent languages most commonly spoken in each district. of all immigrants in the district. District 1 has the second largest Asian immigrant population, with 66 percent of all immigrants, followed by District 23 at 60 percent; District 19 at 54 percent; District 38 at The Asian population continues to be the fastest Overall Asian Population 51 percent; and District 43 at 48 percent. growing major race and ethnic group in New York City. According to the most recent Census Bureau As Asian immigrants and their families become population estimates, the Asian population in New more established, they have become a growing part York City reached 1.23 million in 2015, accounting of the potential voter base, comprising 11 percent for nearly 15 percent of the city’s population. of the total voting-age citizen population in New York City. -
Paris Resilience Strategy
Paris Resilience Strategy FLUCTUAT NEC MERGITUR Front page : Bernard Pedretti/ Mairie de Paris Anne Hidalgo, Mayor of Paris “Fluctuat nec Mergitur”, which translates to “Beaten by the waves but not sunk”, proudly announces our motto. Made official in 1853 by the Baron Haussmann, it had been used by Parisians since the 16th century. Its origins lie in the river’s history, dating back to antiquity! Urban resilience is therefore not a new trend: it is an integral part of urban discourse. The concept was, however, somewhat forgotten at the end of the 20th century, as our societies were convinced that technical solutions would be able to overcome the risks faced by our cities. Today we are confronted with new and great challenges, which affect current and future generations. Climate change, air pollution, growing inequalities, terror threats, persistent water insecurity, the migrant crisis – all these challenges bring cities to the front line. DR/Mairie de Paris Far from inducing anxiety, urban resilience offers solutions to better prepare and adapt cities, their populations, businesses and infrastructures to these I would like to express my sincere thanks to all the challenges. It also provides opportunities to create institutional, business, academic and associated new activities and jobs while improving citizens’ partners, as well as to the municipal teams, for their quality of life. contribution to this very ambitious work, which has only just begun. I also warmly thank Michael Governance, which is our ability to organise ourselves Berkowitz and 100 Resilient Cities – Pioneered by collectively with all stakeholders and to create new the Rockefeller Foundation (100RC), who have partnerships, particularly beyond the municipality, is enlightened, guided and supported us in this key to the resilience of Paris. -
IUPAT Pension Summary Plan Description
SUMMARY PLAN DESCRIPTION of the INTERNATIONAL PAINTERS AND ALLIED TRADES INDUSTRY PENSION PLAN (United States) As Amended and Restated to January 2015 INTERNATIONAL PAINTERS AND ALLIED TRADES Industry Pension Plan To All Employees and Plan Participants: The Board of Trustees for the International Painters and Allied Trades Industry Pension Plan, also referred to as the IUPAT Industry Pension Plan, is pleased to provide you with this Summary Plan Description (SPD) of the Rules and Regulations of your Pension Plan. The Pension Plan has been restated as of January 2015 to comply with IRS requirements for qualified pension plans. It is important to note that the retirement eligibility dates and formula to calculate the amount of pension benefits in this document applies only to Active Employees in the Plan on or after January 1, 2012. All other provisions of this booklet are applicable to all participants in the Plan. If you are not an Active Employee in the Plan on or after January 1, 2012, your benefits may be limited by the Plan in effect when you worked in contributory employment under the Plan. If this booklet does not apply to your situation, please contact the Fund Office for the correct version. The SPD incorporates the main features of the amended Plan. As you read through it, you will learn how you become a Plan participant, when you become vested so that you can receive benefits even if you leave work under the Plan, what your benefits are, and how they are calculated. We have tried to describe the Plan's provisions as clearly as possible in a plain and straightforward manner. -
Professional Liability Insurance White Paper William Douglas, ARM-P
Professional Liability Insurance White Paper Draft William Douglas, ARM-P & Greg Kildare LA County Metro 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 2 II. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE................................................................... 2 III. STANDARDS FOR PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT .................................. 4 IV. CONTRACTUAL CAUSES OF ACTIONS AGAINST PROFESSIONALS...................................................................................... 5 V. PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY CLAIMS AND THE EFFECT ON TRANSIT AGENCIES................................................................................ 6 VI. PROFESSIONAL CATEGORIES .............................................................. 7 VII. PROFESSIONAL OR COMMERCIAL GENERAL LIABILITY? ........... 8 VIII. EVALUATION OF PROFESSIONAL CONTRACTORS....................... 10 IX. INSURANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR PROFESSIONAL CONTRACTORS ...................................................................................... 11 X. PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY: LARGE CONSTRUCTION TRANSIT PROJECTS .............................................................................. 16 XI. PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY COVERAGE DETAILS......................... 17 XII. POLICY RATING INFORMATION........................................................ 19 XIII. PROFESSIONAL LIABILITY EXPOSURES: NON-CONSTRUCTION RELATED ACTIVITIES ................................ 20 XIV. SUMMARY.............................................................................................. -
Insurance Summary Plan Description
Summary Plan Description Effective January 1, 2018 Ohio Laborers’ District Council - Ohio Contractors’ Association Insurance Fund Ohio Laborers’ District Council – Ohio Contractors’ Association Insurance Fund 800 Hillsdowne Road Westerville, OH 43081-3302 (614) 898-9006 or (800) 236-6437 Fax: (614) 898-9176 www.olfbp.com [email protected] Dear Member: We are pleased to provide you with this Plan Document/Summary Plan Description (“SPD”). This booklet describes all the benefits provided to you by the Ohio Laborers’ District Council – Ohio Contractors’ Association Insurance Fund (“Fund”). Please read this booklet carefully, share it with your family, and reference it when you have questions regarding your insurance benefits. If you have any questions about the information contained in this booklet or about your insurance benefits in general, please don’t hesitate to contact the OLFBP Fund Office. Sincerely, OLFBP and the Board of Trustees 1 Table of Contents Schedule of Benefits ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 13 Contact Information ................................................................................................................................................. 13 Updating Your Address ........................................................................................................................................... -
Guidance Notes Application for Registration As an Elector in A
Guidance Notes Application for Registration as an Elector in a Functional Constituency and as a Voter in an Election Committee Subsector Medical Registration and Electoral Office REO-GN1(2004)-Med CONTENTS Page Number I. Introduction 1 II. Who is Eligible to Apply for Registration in the 2 Medical Functional Constituency and its Corresponding Election Committee Subsector III. Who is Disqualified from being Registered 3 IV. How to Submit an Application 4 V. Further Enquiries 4 VI. Personal Information Collection Statement 4 VII. Language Preference for Election-related 5 Communications Appendix A List of Functional Constituencies and their 6 corresponding Election Committee Subsectors Appendix B Eligibility for registration in the Medical 7 Functional Constituency and its corresponding Election Committee Subsector ******************************************************************** The Guidance Notes and application forms are obtainable from the following sources: (a) Registration and Electoral Office: (i) 10th Floor, Harbour Centre 25 Harbour Road Wan Chai Hong Kong (ii) 10th Floor, Guardian House 32 Oi Kwan Road Wan Chai Hong Kong (b) Registration and Electoral Office Website: www.info.gov.hk/reo/index.htm (c) Registration and Electoral Office Enquiry Hotline: 2891 1001 - 1 - I. Introduction If you are eligible, you may apply to be registered as :- an elector in this Functional Constituency (“FC”) and a voter in the corresponding subsector of the Election Committee (“EC”), i.e. a subsector having the same name as the FC, at the same time, OR an elector in this FC and a voter in ONE of the following EC subsectors, instead of in its corresponding EC subsector: (1) Chinese Medicine; (2) Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference; (3) Hong Kong Chinese Enterprises Association, OR an elector in ONE of the FCs listed in Appendix A, and a voter in either its corresponding EC subsector or ONE of the above EC subsectors. -
Legislative Council Elections
Legislative Council Secretariat IN01/12-13 INFORMATION NOTE Legislative Council elections 1. Introduction 1.1 Since the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in July 1997, five Legislative Council ("LegCo") elections have been held in 1998, 2000, 2004, 2008 and 2012 respectively. This information note provides relevant facts and figures relating to these LegCo elections. 2. Constitutional framework 2.1 Article 68 of the Basic Law stipulates that LegCo shall be constituted by election. The specific method of forming LegCo is prescribed in Annex II of the Basic Law, namely the Method for the Formation of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Its Voting Procedures. According to the Basic Law, Members were returned by geographical constituencies, functional constituencies and the Election Committee in the 1998 and 2000 LegCo elections. In the 2004, 2008 and 2012 LegCo elections, Members were returned by geographical and functional constituencies. Table 1 below provides the composition of LegCo since 1998. Table 1 – Composition of Legislative Council since 1998 Members returned Members returned Members returned by geographical by functional by the Election Total constituencies constituencies Committee First term 20 30 10 60 (1998-2000) Second term 24 30 6 60 (2000-2004) Third term 30 30 0 60 (2004-2008) Fourth term 30 30 0 60 (2008-2012) Fifth term 35 35 0 70 (2012-2016) Research Division page 1 Legislative Council Secretariat IN01/12-13 2.2 Same as the First and Second Legco, the Third and Fourth LegCo 1 comprised 60 Members, albeit with one half of Members returned by geographical constituencies through direct elections and the other half by functional constituencies.2 On 24 and 25 June 2010, LegCo passed by a two-thirds majority the motions put forth by the Government concerning the draft amendments to the method for the selection of the Chief Executive and the method for the formation of LegCo in 2012. -
Māori Wards and Constituencies Local Government New Zealand’S Submission on the Local Electoral (Māori Wards and Māori Constituencies) Amendment Bill
SUBMISSION < He waka eke noa > Māori wards and constituencies Local Government New Zealand’s submission on the Local Electoral (Māori wards and Māori constituencies) Amendment Bill February 2020 1 LGNZ submission – Māori wards and constituencies SUBMISSION We are. LGNZ. LGNZ is the national organisation of local authorities in New Zealand and all 78 councils are members. We represent the national interests of councils and promote the good governance of councils and communities. LGNZ provides advocacy and policy services, business support, advice and training to our members to assist them to build successful communities. Our purpose is to deliver our Vision: “Local democracy powering community and national success.” Introduction Thank you for the opportunity to make a submission on the Local Electoral (Māori wards and Māori constituencies) Amendment Bill. LGNZ supports the Bill. Its objective, to remove the legislative provisions that allow for a poll to overturn a council decision to establish a Māori ward or constituency, has the full support of LGNZ, which has actively promoted the removal of the poll for a number of years. In June 2017, we submitted to the Justice and Electoral Select Committee in support of Andrew Judd’s (former Mayor of New Plymouth District Council) petition asking: “that the House of Representatives consider a law change to make the establishment of Māori wards on district councils follow the same legal framework as establishing other wards on district councils.” In that submission we noted that the right of communities to hold a poll that would bind their local authority to either establish or dis-establish Māori wards should apply to all wards or none.