China's Great Leap Into the 21 Century
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China’s Great Leap st Into the 21 Century Global Classroom Workshops made possible by: THE NORCLIFF E FOUNDATION Photos by Tese Wintz Neighbor A Resource Packet for Educators COMPILED BY Jacob Bolotin, Eileen Hynes, And World Josh Cauthen, Tese Wintz Neighbor Affairs Council WORLD AFFAIRS COUNCIL Members November 8, 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS GEOGRAPHY..............................................................................................................................2 Map of China.......................................................................................................................2 CHINA‐U.S. FACT SHEETS ......................................................................................................... 3 General ............................................................................................................................... 3 Environmental ....................................................................................................................4 UNDERSTANDING CHINA THROUGH CHINESE SOURCES……………………………………………….5 CHINA ‐ GENERAL RESOURCES ................................................................................................8 TEACHING MATERIALS FOR K‐12............................................................................................ 11 TEACHING MATERIALS FOR K‐5 ............................................................................................. 14 GLOBAL SANDBOX: 21ST CENTURY PRIMARY EDUCATION................................................... 23 K‐12 QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION........................................................................................24 CHINA’S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT.....................................................................................26 Environmental Problems................................................................................................... 31 China’s “Green” Solutions ................................................................................................. 35 CHINA’S SOCIAL/POLITICAL ISSUES....................................................................................... 36 Migrant Labor & Rural Poverty......................................................................................... 36 Freedom of the Press/Human Rights............................................................................ ….37 Political and Governmental Reform ................................................................................. 43 CHINA’S FOREIGN POLICY ...................................................................................................... 47 China‐US Relations ........................................................................................................... 47 China and Its Asian Neighbors...........................................................................................49 China’s Foreign Policy in the Developing World ................................................................50 LOCAL CHINA‐RELATED ORGANIZATIONS............................................................................ 53 GLOBAL COMPETENCE MATRIX.............................................................................................56 USING THIS RESOURCE GUIDE Please note: many descriptions were excerpted directly from the websites. Packet published: 11/8/2010; Websites checked: 11/07/2010 Lesson Plans Maps Audio Charts and Graphs Video Chinese Source Science, Technology, Recommended Resources Engineering, and Math Resources (STEM) World Affairs Council Teacher Resource Packet ‐ China’s Great Leap Into the 21st Century November 8, 2010 1 GEOGRAPHY Available for educational use at www.johomaps.com (2005) UNDERSTANDING THE GEOGRAPHIES OF CHINA http://www.aasianst.org/EAA/mccoll.htm China not only has the world’s largest population (over 1.3 billion), but it also is an extremely large country (more than 9.5 million square kilometers) with immense physical and cultural diversity. The author of this article, Robert W. McColl believes that simply memorizing maps and map locations is not geography. Understanding the interaction between a natural environment and various human and cultural patterns should be the real objective. This resource provides information on different regions, cities, diets, economy and shelters and illustrates how people adapt differently in different environments. CHINA MATTERS: EXPLORING THIS MULTIDIMENSIONAL LAND AND PEOPLE http://world‐affairs.org/globalclassroom/curriculum/China%20MS%20CBA%20%2B%20Top%20Ten%20article.pdf This unit features a vivid slide show with 100 images of China, divided into categories. Captions are provided for teachers. Students will examine their preconceptions about China and learn about China's diversity. The unit also includes a targeted resource list and a bridging document to help students get started with the CBA “Why History?” World Affairs Council Teacher Resource Packet ‐ China’s Great Leap Into the 21st Century November 8, 2010 2 CHINA‐U.S. FACT SHEETS GENERAL STATISTICS CHINA UNITED STATES Land area 9,326,410 sq km 9,161,923 sq km Arable land 14.86% 18.01% Population 1.3 billion 307 million Urban population (% of total) 43% 82% Life expectancy at birth 73.47 years 78.1 years Infant Mortality Rate (per 1,000 live births) 20.25 deaths 6.22 deaths Literacy rate (age 15 and above) 91.6% 99% GDP (purchasing power parity) $8.748 trillion 14.14 trillion GDP real growth rate 9.1% ‐2.6% GDP per capita (PPP) $6,600 $46,000 GDP composition by sector Agriculture: 10.6%; industry : 46.8% services: 42.6% Agriculture: 1.2%; industry: 21.9% services: 76.9% Labor force 813.5 million 153.1 million (including unemployed) Labor force by occupation Agric: 39.5%; industry: 46.8%; services 42.6% farming, forestry, and fishing: 0.7% manufacturing, extraction, transportation, and crafts: 20.3% managerial, professional, and technical: 37.3% sales and office: 24.2% other services: 17.6% Agricultural products Rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet, Wheat, corn, other grains, fruits, vegetables, barley, apples, cotton, oilseed; pork; fish cotton; beef, pork, poultry, dairy products; fish; forest products Industries Mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum, and Highly diversified and technologically other metals, coal; machine building; armaments; advanced; petroleum, steel, motor vehicles, textiles and apparel; petroleum; cement; chemicals; aerospace, telecommunications, chemicals, fertilizers; consumer products, including footwear, electronics, food processing, consumer toys, and electronics; food processing; transportation goods, lumber, mining equipment, including automobiles, rail cars and locomotives, ships, and aircraft; telecommunications equipment, commercial space launch vehicles Industrial production growth rate 9.5% ‐5.5% Oil production 3.99 million bbl/day 9.056 million bbl/day Oil consumption 8.2 million bbl/day 18.6 million bbl/day Oil exports 388,000 bbl/day 1.433 million bbl/day Oil imports 3.646 million bbl/day 13.47 million bbl/day Oil proved reserves 16 billion bbl 21.32 billion bbl Natural resources Coal, iron ore, petroleum, natural gas, mercury, tin, Coal, copper, lead, molybdenum, tungsten, antimony, manganese, molybdenum, phosphates, uranium, bauxite, gold, iron, vanadium, magnetite, aluminum, lead, zinc, uranium, mercury, nickel, potash, silver, tungsten, hydropower potential (world’s largest) zinc, petroleum, natural gas, timber Exports $1.204 trillion: electrical and other machinery, including $1.046 trillion: agricultural products data processing equipment, apparel, textiles, iron and (soybeans, fruit, corn) 9.2%, industrial steel, optical and medical equipment supplies (organic chemicals) 26.8%, capital goods (transistors, aircraft, motor vehicle parts, computers, telecommunications equipment) 49.0%, consumer goods 15.0% Exports – partners US 20.03%, Hong Kong 12.03%, Japan 8.32%, South Canada 19.37%, Mexico 12.21%, China Korea 4.55%, Germany 4.27% 6.58%, Japan 4.84%, UK 4.33%, Germany 4.1% Imports $954.3 billion: electrical and other machinery, oil and $1.563 trillion: agricultural products 4.9%, mineral fuels, optical and medical equipment, metal industrial supplies 32.9% (crude oil 8.2%), ores, plastics, organic chemicals capital goods 30.4% (computers, telecommunications equipment, motor vehicle parts), consumer goods 31.8% Imports – partners Japan 12.27%, Hong Kong 10.06%, South Korea 9.04%, China 19.3%, Canada 14.24%, Mexico US 7.66%, Taiwan 6.84%, Germany 5.54% 11.12%, Japan 6.14%, Germany 4.53% Reserves of foreign exchange and gold $2.422 trillion $130.8 billion Public debt as percentage of GDP 16.9% 52.9% Stock of direct foreign investment at home $456.3 billion $2.397 trillion Sources: CIA World Factbook https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the‐world‐factbook/index.html World Affairs Council Teacher Resource Packet ‐ China’s Great Leap Into the 21st Century November 8, 2010 3 CHINA‐U.S. FACT SHEETS ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES & CHINA U.S. AGREEMENTS Chief Environmental Concerns air pollution (greenhouse gases, sulfur dioxide Air pollution resulting in acid rain in both the particulates) from reliance on coal produces acid rain; US and Canada; the US is the largest single water shortages, particularly in the north; water emitter of carbon dioxide from the burning pollution from untreated wastes; deforestation; of fossil fuels; water pollution from runoff of estimated loss of one‐fifth of agricultural land since pesticides and fertilizers; limited natural 1949 to soil erosion and economic