DOCSLIB.ORG

Planning and Monitoring Corporate Biodiversity Performance

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Planning and Monitoring Corporate Biodiversity Performance Guidelines for planning and monitoring corporate biodiversity performance INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR CONSERVATION OF NATURE DRAFT VERSION FOR PUBLIC COMMENT Please submit your comments by email, no later than 30 September 2020, to [email protected] About IUCN IUCN is a membership Union uniquely composed of both government and civil society organisations. It provides public, private and non-governmental organisations with the knowledge and tools that enable human progress, economic development and nature conservation to take place together. Created in 1948, IUCN is now the world’s largest and most diverse environmental network, harnessing the knowledge, resources and reach of more than 1,400 Member organisations and some 15,000 experts. It is a leading provider of conservation data, assessments and analysis. Its broad membership enables IUCN to fill the role of incubator and trusted repository of best practices, tools and international standards. IUCN provides a neutral space in which diverse stakeholders including governments, NGOs, scientists, businesses, local communities, indigenous peoples organisations and others can work together to forge and implement solutions to environmental challenges and achieve sustainable development. Working with many partners and supporters, IUCN implements a large and diverse portfolio of conservation projects worldwide. Combining the latest science with the traditional knowledge of local communities, these projects work to reverse habitat loss, restore ecosystems and improve people’s well-being. www.iucn.org https://twitter.com/IUCN/ Guidelines for planning and monitoring corporate biodiversity performance The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN or other partnering organisations. Copyright: © 2020 IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature Disclaimer: This document is a draft and is provided for information only. The information contained herein is subject to change, therefore do not cite information from this document. The final version will be published in January 2021. Authors: PJ Stephenson, IUCN Species Survival Commission - Species Monitoring Specialist Group Giulia Carbone, IUCN Global Business & Biodiversity Programme Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. 4 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................................. 6 Glossary of Terms .................................................................................................................................... 7 Abbreviations and Acronyms ................................................................................................................ 10 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 11 1.1 Biodiversity indicators for monitoring performance at the corporate level ............................... 11 1.2 Target audience and expectations .............................................................................................. 14 2. The Building Blocks of the Guidelines ............................................................................................... 16 2.1 Plan-Do-Check-Act model ........................................................................................................... 16 2.2 Scalable goals and indicators ...................................................................................................... 16 2.3 A linked indicator set ................................................................................................................... 16 3. The Four-Stage Approach .................................................................................................................. 19 Stage 1 Priorities: Understand the company’s impact on biodiversity and identify priority species, habitats and ecosystem services ........................................................................................................... 21 What the company needs to do ........................................................................................................ 21 Expected outputs .............................................................................................................................. 32 Stage 2 Ambitions: Develop corporate biodiversity vision, goals and objectives and identify key actions to deliver them ......................................................................................................................... 33 What the company needs to do ........................................................................................................ 33 Expected outputs .............................................................................................................................. 39 Stage 3 Indicators: Develop a framework of linked indicators that allows data aggregation at corporate level ...................................................................................................................................... 40 What the company needs to do ........................................................................................................ 40 Expected outputs .............................................................................................................................. 48 Stage 4 Implementation: Collect, share and analyse data, learn lessons and adapt ............................ 49 What the company needs to do ........................................................................................................ 49 Expected outputs .............................................................................................................................. 54 4. Enabling conditions ........................................................................................................................... 55 4.1 Stakeholder engagement ............................................................................................................ 55 4.2 Capacity and partnership development ...................................................................................... 55 4.3 Linking company operations to corporate performance………………………………………………………….57 5. Conclusions ........................................................................................................................................ 58 6. References Cited................................................................................................................................ 59 1 Tables Table 1. A selection of activities from a variety of companies showing the pressures they place on biodiversity and the potential impacts. Table 2. Prioritizing the pressures a company needs to tackle. Table 3. Examples of priority biodiversity options for a selection of company types and scales. Table 4: Summary of company planning outputs after Stage 2. Table 5. Examples of how state and benefit indicators can be used by companies. Table 6. Examples of how pressure indicators can be used by companies. Table 7. Examples of how response indicators can be used by companies. Table 8: Summary of company planning outputs after Stage 3. Table 9. A selection of databases that might help companies monitor some of their indicators. Boxes Box 1: The main pressures on biodiversity Box 2: Global biodiversity goals Box 3: Species taxonomy Box 4: The Integrated Biodiversity Assessment Tool (IBAT) Box 5: How companies can contribute to global biodiversity goals Box 6: Indicators along theories of change. Box 7: Dashboards Figures Figure 1. Pressures on biodiversity Figure 2. A graphic to illustrate how data generated by applying the Guidelines will help measure performance at multiple levels using scalable goals and indicators. Figure 3. An example of an indicator hierarchy. Figure 4. A framework of linked indicators Figure 5. A graphic to illustrate the stages of the IUCN Biodiversity Guidelines for Business. Figure 6. Example of a goal hierarchy and a theoretical example for an energy company. Figure 7. An example of a theory of change 2 “What single indicator should we use to know how we perform on biodiversity?” they asked. “What’s your question?” she answered. 3 Executive Summary Biodiversity is the diversity of living organisms, and includes the species, habitats and ecosystems that co-exist on Earth and which provide the vital ecosystems services on which humans and nature depend. These Guidelines offer an approach for choosing and using scalable linked indicators to measure a company’s biodiversity performance at the corporate level. Businesses taking action on biodiversity, whether to mitigate risks or attain net positive gains, increasingly need information on the state of biodiversity, the pressures on species and ecosystems, and the effectiveness of their responses, in order to plan and monitor their operations. However, nature is complex and significant challenges exist in developing indicators that provide clear and simple measures of biodiversity that are relevant to business
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Comprehensive Multilocus Phylogeny of the Neotropical Cotingas
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 81 (2014) 120–136 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A comprehensive multilocus phylogeny of the Neotropical cotingas (Cotingidae, Aves) with a comparative evolutionary analysis of breeding system and plumage dimorphism and a revised phylogenetic classification ⇑ Jacob S. Berv 1, Richard O. Prum Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, P.O. Box 208105, New Haven, CT 06520, USA article info abstract Article history: The Neotropical cotingas (Cotingidae: Aves) are a group of passerine birds that are characterized by Received 18 April 2014 extreme diversity in morphology, ecology, breeding system, and behavior. Here, we present a compre- Revised 24 July 2014 hensive phylogeny of the Neotropical cotingas based on six nuclear and mitochondrial loci (7500 bp) Accepted 6 September 2014 for a sample of 61 cotinga species in all 25 genera, and 22 species of suboscine outgroups. Our taxon sam- Available online 16 September 2014 ple more than doubles the number of cotinga species studied in previous analyses, and allows us to test the monophyly of the cotingas as well as their intrageneric relationships with high resolution. We ana- Keywords: lyze our genetic data using a Bayesian species tree method, and concatenated Bayesian and maximum Phylogenetics likelihood methods, and present a highly supported phylogenetic hypothesis. We confirm the monophyly Bayesian inference Species-tree of the cotingas, and present the first phylogenetic evidence for the relationships of Phibalura flavirostris as Sexual selection the sister group to Ampelion and Doliornis, and the paraphyly of Lipaugus with respect to Tijuca.
    [Show full text]
  • A Global Analysis of Song Frequency in Passerines Provides No Support for the Acoustic
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.30.179812; this version posted June 30, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 A global analysis of song frequency in passerines provides no support for the acoustic 2 adaptation hypothesis but suggests a role for sexual selection 3 Running title: Evolutionary ecology of song frequency 4 5 Peter Mikula1,2, Mihai Valcu3, Henrik Brumm4, Martin Bulla3,5, Wolfgang Forstmeier3, 6 Tereza Petrusková6, Bart Kempenaers3*, Tomáš Albrecht1,2* 7 8 1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 44, Praha 2, 9 Czech Republic 10 2Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech 11 Republic 12 3Department of Behavioural Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for 13 Ornithology, Eberhard-Gwinner-Str. 7, 82319 Seewiesen, Germany 14 4Communication and Social Behaviour Group, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, 15 Eberhard-Gwinner-Str. 11, 82319 Seewiesen, Germany 16 5Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life 17 Sciences, 16521 Prague, Czech Republic 18 6Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, 128 43, Praha 2, 19 Czech Republic 20 *Authors for correspondence: E-mail: [email protected] and [email protected], 21 phone no.: +498 157 932 232 and +420 608 237 158 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.30.179812; this version posted June 30, 2020.
    [Show full text]
  • Endangered Species (Import and Export) Act (Chapter 92A)
    1 S 23/2005 First published in the Government Gazette, Electronic Edition, on 11th January 2005 at 5:00 pm. NO.S 23 ENDANGERED SPECIES (IMPORT AND EXPORT) ACT (CHAPTER 92A) ENDANGERED SPECIES (IMPORT AND EXPORT) ACT (AMENDMENT OF FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD SCHEDULES) NOTIFICATION 2005 In exercise of the powers conferred by section 23 of the Endangered Species (Import and Export) Act, the Minister for National Development hereby makes the following Notification: Citation and commencement 1. This Notification may be cited as the Endangered Species (Import and Export) Act (Amendment of First, Second and Third Schedules) Notification 2005 and shall come into operation on 12th January 2005. Deletion and substitution of First, Second and Third Schedules 2. The First, Second and Third Schedules to the Endangered Species (Import and Export) Act are deleted and the following Schedules substituted therefor: ‘‘FIRST SCHEDULE S 23/2005 Section 2 (1) SCHEDULED ANIMALS PART I SPECIES LISTED IN APPENDIX I AND II OF CITES In this Schedule, species of an order, family, sub-family or genus means all the species of that order, family, sub-family or genus. First column Second column Third column Common name for information only CHORDATA MAMMALIA MONOTREMATA 2 Tachyglossidae Zaglossus spp. New Guinea Long-nosed Spiny Anteaters DASYUROMORPHIA Dasyuridae Sminthopsis longicaudata Long-tailed Dunnart or Long-tailed Sminthopsis Sminthopsis psammophila Sandhill Dunnart or Sandhill Sminthopsis Thylacinidae Thylacinus cynocephalus Thylacine or Tasmanian Wolf PERAMELEMORPHIA
    [Show full text]
  • Adobe PDF, Job 6
    Noms français des oiseaux du Monde par la Commission internationale des noms français des oiseaux (CINFO) composée de Pierre DEVILLERS, Henri OUELLET, Édouard BENITO-ESPINAL, Roseline BEUDELS, Roger CRUON, Normand DAVID, Christian ÉRARD, Michel GOSSELIN, Gilles SEUTIN Éd. MultiMondes Inc., Sainte-Foy, Québec & Éd. Chabaud, Bayonne, France, 1993, 1re éd. ISBN 2-87749035-1 & avec le concours de Stéphane POPINET pour les noms anglais, d'après Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World par C. G. SIBLEY & B. L. MONROE Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1990 ISBN 2-87749035-1 Source : http://perso.club-internet.fr/alfosse/cinfo.htm Nouvelle adresse : http://listoiseauxmonde.multimania.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on the Behaviour of Bare-Necked Umbrellabird Cephalopterus Glabricollis in the Monteverde Cloud Forest Preserve, Costa Rica
    Notes on the behaviour of Bare-necked Umbrellabird Cephalopterus glabricollis in the Monteverde Cloud Forest Preserve, Costa Rica Michael P. L. Fogden and Patricia M. Fogden Se presentan apuntes sobre los movimientos locales y tamaño de población, actividad de lek, descripciones de las vocalizaciones y despliegues, comportamiento alimentario, el primer registro de nido y estado de conservación de Cephalopterus glabricollis, basados en observaciones en la Reserva de Bosque Nublado Monteverde, Costa Rica. Dentro del área de estudio, la especie aparentemente ocupa del 20–30% del habitat adecuado, todo dentro del rango de 750–1300 msnm. Se sugiere, a partir de observaciones detalladas desde 1986–1988, que la especie adopta leks explosivos, muy espaciados, en vez de pequeños leks, como se había registrado en la literatura. El primer nido en ser descrito para esta especie se descubrió en un árbol relativamente aislado en abril de 1988; como otras cotingas grandes, la postura consiste en un sólo huevo, pero esta especie construye un nido mucho mayor que otras cotingas estrechamente emparentadas. La especie come frutos y presas animales, generalmante arrebatado al follaje en vuelo, aunque ocasionalmente cuando esta perchado. Se anota un declive en las poblaciones en elevaciones menores; por debajo de los 1000 msnm las perchas de vocalización han sido abandonadas desde 1988, aunque el bosque se mantiene intacto en estas áreas. Se sugiere que un movimiento altitudinal ascendente en los rangos de muchas especies en esta área durante los últimos diez años, atribuido al calentamiento global, puede haber afectado adversamente a la especie Cephalopterus glabricollis. Introduction Bare-necked Umbrellabird Cephalopterus glabri-collis is one of three closely related species which replace each other geographically in Central and South American rainforests.
    [Show full text]
  • Cotingidae, Aves) with a Comparative Evolutionary Analysis of Breeding System and Plumage Dimorphism and a Revised Phylogenetic Classification ⇑ Jacob S
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 81 (2014) 120–136 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A comprehensive multilocus phylogeny of the Neotropical cotingas (Cotingidae, Aves) with a comparative evolutionary analysis of breeding system and plumage dimorphism and a revised phylogenetic classification ⇑ Jacob S. Berv 1, Richard O. Prum Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, P.O. Box 208105, New Haven, CT 06520, USA article info abstract Article history: The Neotropical cotingas (Cotingidae: Aves) are a group of passerine birds that are characterized by Received 18 April 2014 extreme diversity in morphology, ecology, breeding system, and behavior. Here, we present a compre- Revised 24 July 2014 hensive phylogeny of the Neotropical cotingas based on six nuclear and mitochondrial loci (7500 bp) Accepted 6 September 2014 for a sample of 61 cotinga species in all 25 genera, and 22 species of suboscine outgroups. Our taxon sam- Available online 16 September 2014 ple more than doubles the number of cotinga species studied in previous analyses, and allows us to test the monophyly of the cotingas as well as their intrageneric relationships with high resolution. We ana- Keywords: lyze our genetic data using a Bayesian species tree method, and concatenated Bayesian and maximum Phylogenetics likelihood methods, and present a highly supported phylogenetic hypothesis. We confirm the monophyly Bayesian inference Species-tree of the cotingas, and present the first phylogenetic evidence for the relationships of Phibalura flavirostris as Sexual selection the sister group to Ampelion and Doliornis, and the paraphyly of Lipaugus with respect to Tijuca.
    [Show full text]
  • Trade in Endangered Species Order 2017
    2017/22 Trade in Endangered Species Order 2017 Patsy Reddy, Governor-General Order in Council At Wellington this 20th day of February 2017 Present: The Right Hon Bill English presiding in Council This order is made under section 53 of the Trade in Endangered Species Act 1989 on the advice and with the consent of the Executive Council. Contents Page 1 Title 1 2 Commencement 1 3 Meaning of Act 2 4 Schedules 1, 2, and 3 of Act replaced 2 5 Schedule 2 of Act amended 2 6 Revocation 3 Schedule 4 Schedules 1, 2, and 3 of Act replaced Order 1 Title This order is the Trade in Endangered Species Order 2017. 2 Commencement (1) Clause 5(1) comes into force on 4 April 2017. 1 cl 3 Trade in Endangered Species Order 2017 2017/22 (2) Clause 5(2) comes into force on 4 October 2017. (3) The rest of this order comes into force on the day after the date of its notifica- tion in Gazette. 3 Meaning of Act In this order, Act means the Trade in Endangered Species Act 1989. 4 Schedules 1, 2, and 3 of Act replaced Replace Schedules 1, 2, and 3 of the Act with the Schedules 1, 2, and 3 set out in the Schedule of this order. 5 Schedule 2 of Act amended (1) In Schedule 2, Part 1, of the Act, in the item relating to Class—Elasmobranchii (sharks) (as replaced by clause 4), replace the item relating to Myliobatiformes with: Myliobatiformes Myliobatidae— Manta spp Manta Rays Eagle and mobulid rays Mobula spp Devil Rays (2) In Schedule 2, Part 1, of the Act, replace the item relating to Class—Elasmo- branchii (sharks) (as replaced by clause 4 and amended by subclause
    [Show full text]
  • Panama's Canopy Tower and El Valle's Canopy Lodge
    FIELD REPORT – Panama’s Canopy Tower and El Valle’s Canopy Lodge January 4-16, 2019 Orange-bellied Trogon © Ruthie Stearns Blue Cotinga © Dave Taliaferro Geoffroy’s Tamarin © Don Pendleton Ocellated Antbird © Carlos Bethancourt White-tipped Sicklebill © Jeri Langham Prepared by Jeri M. Langham VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DR., AUSTIN, TX 78746 Phone: 512-328-5221 or 800-328-8368 / Fax: 512-328-2919 [email protected] / www.ventbird.com Myriads of magazine articles have touted Panama’s incredible Canopy Tower, a former U.S. military radar tower transformed by Raúl Arias de Para when the U.S. relinquished control of the Panama Canal Zone. It sits atop 900-foot Semaphore Hill overlooking Soberania National Park. While its rooms are rather spartan, the food is Panama’s Canopy Tower © Ruthie Stearns excellent and the opportunity to view birds at dawn from the 360º rooftop Observation Deck above the treetops is outstanding. Twenty minutes away is the start of the famous Pipeline Road, possibly one of the best birding roads in Central and South America. From our base, daily birding outings are made to various locations in Central Panama, which vary from the primary forest around the tower, to huge mudflats near Panama City and, finally, to cool Cerro Azul and Cerro Jefe forest. An enticing example of what awaits visitors to this marvelous birding paradise can be found in excerpts taken from the Journal I write during every tour and later e- mail to participants. These are taken from my 17-page, January 2019 Journal. On our first day at Canopy Tower, with 5 of the 8 participants having arrived, we were touring the Observation Deck on top of Canopy Tower when Ruthie looked up and called my attention to a bird flying in our direction...it was a Black Hawk-Eagle! I called down to others on the floor below and we watched it disappear into the distant clouds.
    [Show full text]
  • Altitudinal Movements and Conservation of Bare-Necked Umbrellabird Cephalopterus Glabricollis of the Tilara´N Mountains, Costa Rica
    Bird Conservation International (2003) 13:45–58. BirdLife International 2003 DOI: 10.1017/S0959270903003046 Printed in the United Kingdom Altitudinal movements and conservation of Bare-necked Umbrellabird Cephalopterus glabricollis of the Tilara´n Mountains, Costa Rica JOHEL CHAVES-CAMPOS, J. EDGARDO ARE´ VALO and MARIAMALIA ARAYA Summary Bare-necked Umbrellabird Cephalopterus glabricollis is endemic to Costa Rica and western Panama. It eats fruit, breeding at high elevations (> 800 m) and migrating to lower elevations during the non-breeding season. Using data from transect counts and radio-telemetry, we monitored bird movements in a protected area (Monteverde–Arenal– San Ramo´n reserves) in the Tilara´n Mountains, Costa Rica. We also monitored fruit abundance along an altitudinal gradient to explore the potential relationship between bird movements and the abundance of the fruits this species consumed. The presence and abundance of umbrellabirds at high elevations (1,400 m) during the breeding season (March–June) coincided with the highest peak of fruit abundance. The presence of umbrellabirds in the lowlands (400 m) during the non-breeding season overlapped with the period of highest fruit abundance at these elevations. At middle elevations, bird presence and abundance did not correlate with fruit abundance. Radio-tagged birds left the protected area during the non-breeding season and there were no umbrellabirds inside the protected area during this period. Habitats where this species bred were well represented in the protected area but the habitat where they spent the non-breeding season was poorly represented, and was not adequately protected. This represents a potential threat to this species in the Tilara´n Mountains.
    [Show full text]
  • Nesting Biology of a Female Long-Wattled Umbrellabird Cephalopterus Penduliger in North-Western Ecuador
    Bird Conservation International (2003) 13:351–360. BirdLife International 2003 DOI: 10.1017/S0959270903003253 Printed in the United Kingdom Nesting biology of a female Long-wattled Umbrellabird Cephalopterus penduliger in north-western Ecuador JORDAN KARUBIAN, GABRIELA CASTAN˜ EDA, JUAN F. FREILE, RAMIRO T. SALAZAR, TATIANA SANTANDER and THOMAS B. SMITH Summary Long-wattled Umbrellabirds Cephalopterus penduliger are restricted to the Choco´ Biogeographical Region, an area with exceptional levels of avian diversity and endemism. Due to widespread habitat loss and hunting pressure, the species is considered globally Vulnerable and Endangered within Ecuador. Little is known of the species’ basic biology. This paper presents data on the first confirmed nest recorded for the species. The nest was found in June 2002 atop a tree fern Cyathea sp. located in secondary forest near Mindo, north-west Ecuador, at 1,600 m in the subtropical zone of the Andean slope. Data collected during incubation and nestling provisioning suggest that females may be responsible for all parental care. At the nest, the female provided food an average of once per hour, and brought roughly twice as many invertebrate food items as vertebrate or regurgitated food items. A male was never seen at the nest. In addition to presenting data from the nest, we compare Long-wattled Umbrellabirds to congeners and discuss implications for the conservation of this species. Introduction The Choco´ Biogeographical Region spans 100,000 km2 from north-western Col- ombia into north-western Ecuador, and boasts exceptional levels of endemism in a wide range of taxa including plants, reptiles, amphibians, birds and butterflies (Dodson and Gentry 1991, Dinerstein et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Nesting Biology of the Long-Wattled Umbrellabird (Cephalopterus Penduliger)
    ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL 17: 395–401, 2006 © The Neotropical Ornithological Society NESTING BIOLOGY OF THE LONG-WATTLED UMBRELLABIRD (CEPHALOPTERUS PENDULIGER). PART I: INCUBATION Harold F. Greeney1,3, Andrew McLean1, Amelie D. L. Bücker1, Rudolphe A. Gelis1, Dar- win Cabrera2, & Francisco Sornoza2 1Yanayacu Biological Station & Center for Creative Studies, c/o 721 Foch y Amazonas, Quito, Ecuador. E-mail: [email protected] 2Fundación de Conservación Jocotoco, Pasaje Eugenio Santillán N 34-248 y Maurián, Casilla 17-16-337, Quito, Ecuador. 3Research Associate, Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, Rumipamba 341 y Av. Shyris, Quito, Ecuador. Resumen. – Comportamiento de incubación del Pájaro Paraguas Longuipéndulo (Cephalopterus penduliger). – Un nido del Pájaro Paraguas Longuipéndulo (Cephalopterus penduliger) fue filmado en Buena- ventura, suroeste de Ecuador. El nido se filmó durante 226 h de luz, a partir del tercero o cuarto día des- pués de haber sido depositado el único huevo, hasta su eclosión. La apariencia del nido y el huevo fueron muy similares a otros de esta misma especie reportados anteriormente. Solamente la hembra incubó el huevo, y el periodo de incubación total fue de 27 a 28 días. El huevo fue incubado diariamente en un rango de 65 a 88% por la hembra, teniendo un promedio de incubación total del 79% durante todo el periodo. La hembra adulta invirtió 2,1% del tiempo que permaneció en el nido en actividades distintas a la vigilancia. Se observó a la hembra alimentarse de hojas caídas dentro del nido Abstract. – A nest of Long-wattled Umbrellabird (Cephalopterus penduliger) was videotaped in southwestern Ecuador during 226 daylight hours from 3–4 days after laying the single egg, until hatching of the nestling.
    [Show full text]
  • Arboreal Perching Birds
    Global Federation of Animal Sanctuaries Standards For Arboreal/Perching Bird Sanctuaries Version: December 2019 ©2012 Global Federation of Animal Sanctuaries Global Federation of Animal Sanctuaries – Standards for Arboreal/Perching Bird Sanctuaries Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 1 GFAS PRINCIPLES ............................................................................................................................................................. 1 ANIMALS COVERED BY THESE STANDARDS ................................................................................................. 1 ARBOREAL/PERCHING BIRD STANDARDS .................................................................................................... 3 ARBOREAL/PERCHING BIRD HOUSING ............................................................. 3 H-1. Types of Space and Size .................................................................................................................................................... 3 H-2. Containment ................................................................................................................................................................................ 5 H-3. Ground and Plantings ........................................................................................................................................................... 7 H-4. Gates and Doors ......................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]