DIVIDED LOYALTIES DISPLACEMENT, BELONGING AND CITIZENSHIP AMONG EAST TIMORESE IN WEST TIMOR DIVIDED LOYALTIES DISPLACEMENT, BELONGING AND CITIZENSHIP AMONG EAST TIMORESE IN WEST TIMOR ANDREY DAMALEDO MONOGRAPHS IN ANTHROPOLOGY SERIES For Pamela Published by ANU Press The Australian National University Acton ACT 2601, Australia Email:
[email protected] Available to download for free at press.anu.edu.au ISBN (print): 9781760462369 ISBN (online): 9781760462376 WorldCat (print): 1054084539 WorldCat (online): 1054084643 DOI: 10.22459/DL.09.2018 This title is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). The full licence terms are available at creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode Cover design and layout by ANU Press Cover photograph: East Timorese procession at Raknamo resettlement site in Kupang district 2012, by Father Jefri Bonlay. This edition © 2018 ANU Press Contents Abbreviations . ix List of illustrations . xiii List of tables . xv Acknowledgements . xvii Preface . xxi James J . Fox 1 . Lest we forget . 1 2 . Spirit of the crocodile . 23 3 . ‘Refugees’, ‘ex-refugees’ and ‘new citizens’ . 53 4 . Old track, old path . 71 5 . New track, new path . 97 6 . To separate is to sustain . 119 7 . The struggle continues . 141 8 . Divided loyalties . 161 Bibliography . 173 Index . 191 Abbreviations ADITLA Associação Democrática para a Integração de Timor Leste na Austrália (Democratic Association for the Integration of East Timor into Australia) AITI Association