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Natalis English International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies (IJP SAT) ISSN: 2509-0119. © 2018International Journals of Sciences and High Technologies http://ijpsat.ijsht-journals.org Vol . 9 No. 2 July 2018, pp. 170-176 Analysis of Post -Local Government Proliferation Practice on Socioeconomic Change in Nias Regency Natalis Deswati Br. Laowo Department of Regional and Rural Development Planning, University of Sumatera Utara North Sumatra, Indonesia Prof. Dr. Suwardi Lubis, MS Department of Communication Science , Faculty of Political and Social Science University of Sumatra Utara, North Sumatra, Indonesia Prof. Dr. H. B. Tarmizi, SU Department of Economic Development, Faculty of Economics and Business University of Sumatra Utara, North Sumatra, Indonesia Abstract - This study aims to determine the Human Development Index (HDI) before and after the local government proliferation practice in Nias Regency. Type of the research is descriptive with quanti tative approach. The research used secondary data of 8 years before the proliferation practice (2002 -2009) and 8 years after the profileration practice (2010 -2017), the data were analyzed by paired sample t -test at α = 0.05 . The results showed that there was a difference between the positive Human Development Index (HDI) before and after the proliferation practice in Ni as Regency. Keywords - Human Development Index ; Proliferation Practice; Nias Regency. I. INTRODUCTION allocating development and governance The immense territory of Indonesia mechanisms. Unequal distribution of with its vast geographic range of islands, natural resources in Indonesia is also one diverse socio-cultural co nditions and large of the causes of the need for a system of populations, all this affects the process of government that facilitates the management of natural resources which is Corresponding Author: Natalis Deswati Br. Laowo 170 Analysis of Post-Local Government Proliferation Practice on Socioeconomic Change in Nias Regency a source of regional income as well as a development index wasconstructed to national income. reflect the most important dimensions ofhuman development. The concept of The local ‐government proliferation human developmenthas gone beyond its practiceis an implementation of basic premises toemphasize the Indonesia's decentralization reform. sustainability of the development process. concerning Regional Administration, It not only puts people at the centre of specifically for theEstablishment and development. It also advocatesprotecting Criteria for Division, Dissolution and the life opportunities offuture generations Merging of Regions, but in practice, the as well as present generations and expansion of the region is much more to respecting the natural systems onwhich all get attention than the dissolution or life depends.The four critical elements of merging of regions. the humandevelopment concept- Etymologically, the definition of productivity, equity, sustainability and regional autonomy according to empowerment-demand that gender issues Situmorang (1993) in Shinta [1] comes be addressed as developmentissues and as from the Latin word "autos" which means human rights concerns. The compelling itself and "nomos" meaning rule. So it can reason: development, if notengendered, is be interpreted that regional autonomy is to endangered. Only when thepotential of all manage and regulate their own areas. human beings is fully realizedcan we talk According to Tarigan [2], the region of true human development.[3] can be distinguished by way of view Research Question related to its condition or based on its Is there any difference in Human function, as follows: Development Index (HDI) before and after 1. Subjective regions are delimited on the local government proliferation in Nias the basis of a regional scientist´s Regency? vision about a particular reason II. MATERIAL AND METHOD delimiting the region. The type of research used is the type of 2. Objective regions are real units research with quantitative descriptive delimited on the basis of an approach in view of the tendency of objective criterion which cannot be changes in indicators observed. The undermined. observed changes are a comparison UNDP (United Nation Development between the circumstances before and after Programme) states that human the local government proliferation policy implemented. The type of data used in this Vol. 9 No. 2 July 2018 ISSN: 2509-0119 171 Analysis of Post-Local Government Proliferation Practice on Socioeconomic Change in Nias Regency study is secondary data. The process of to 1993. Because the National Socio- collecting data is done by using library Economic Survey (Susenas) is the source research method. First of all, the data is of HDI accounting data since the first typed through computer into Microsoft calculation was conducted in 1990, the Excel 2007 program. Then proceed them index for the prior year cannot be by analyzing the data using SPSS 17.0 performed. In this publication, the viable (Statistical Package for Social Science). living indicator use the adjusted per capita Compare means paired samples t-test (provincial) per capita real expenditure compares the means of two variables/ gained from the national Social Survey and measurements for a single group; or the measured by base year 1988/1989. means from two matched groups; within- Calculation of HDI in Indonesia also had a subj design; repeated measures; or paired change, especially in calculating the samples. standard of living at the provincial level. UNDP uses per capita real GDP that is III. RESULT adjusted as a proxy of revenue to calculate To see the quantity and quality of the global HDI. population in a region or regions in the The HDI is based on three indicators: framework of enhancing the development longevity, as measured by life expectancy of the region, it needs a measure or at birth; educational attainment, as indicator that can become a benchmark in measured by a combination of adult improving the development itself. The literacy (two thirds weight) and combined Human Development Index (HDI) is an primary, secondary and tertiary enrolment appropriate indicator of quantity and ratios (one-third weight); and standard of quality of population in a region. The first living, as measured by real GDP per capita HDI calculation in Indonesia was (PPP$).The development of HDI in Nias conducted in collaboration between central Regency from year to year after being statistics agency (BPS) and United Nations divided in to quarterly data through annual Development Program (UNDP) Indonesia data interpolation process before and after in 1996. the local ‐government proliferation practice The resulting HDI shows comparison in Nias Regency can be seen in Table 1. between provinces in Indonesia from 1990 Vol. 9 No. 2 July 2018 ISSN: 2509-0119 172 Analysis of Post-Local Government Proliferation Practice on Socioeconomic Change in Nias Regency Table 1 Human Development Index of Nias Regency Before and After Proliferation Practice 2002-2017 Before After Year Year Quarter (%) Quarter (%) 2002 1 15,7 2010 1 13,9 2 15,8 2 13,9 61,8% 3 15,8 54,7% 3 14,0 4 14,5 4 12,8 2003 1 14,6 2011 1 13,0 2 15,4 2 13,6 62,6% 3 16,2 55,6% 3 14,3 4 16,5 4 14,6 2004 1 16,8 2012 1 14,6 2 16,0 2 13,9 65,1% 3 17,1 56,5% 3 14,9 4 15,2 4 13,2 2005 1 15,5 2013 1 13,5 2 16,1 2 14,0 66,1% 3 17,0 57,4% 3 14,8 4 17,4 4 15,1 2006 1 15,7 2014 1 13,7 2 16,2 2 14,1 66,8% 3 17,4 58,0% 3 15,1 4 17,4 4 15,1 2007 1 17,2 2015 1 15,1 2 17,1 2 15,0 67,1% 3 17,1 58,9% 3 15,0 4 15,7 4 13,8 2008 1 17,1 2016 1 15,1 2 17,1 2 15,1 67,6% 3 17,5 59,8% 3 15,5 4 15,8 4 14,0 2009 1 17,3 2017 1 15,3 2 18,3 2 16,2 Vol. 9 No. 2 July 2018 ISSN: 2509-0119 173 Analysis of Post-Local Government Proliferation Practice on Socioeconomic Change in Nias Regency 67,9% 3 17,3 60,1% 3 15,3 4 15,0 4 13,3 Source: Processed data, BPS From the above data, it can be seen that after the expansion. The trend of the from year to year HDI Nias Regency development of HDI can be seen in Figure experienced a downward trend before and 1. 67,9 66,0 64,1 62,2 60,4 58,5 Persen (%) 56,6 54,7 2002/2010 2003/2011 2004/2012 2005/2013 2006/2014 2007/2016 2008/2016 2009/2017 IPM Sebelum 61,8 62,6 65,1 66,1 66,8 67,1 67,6 67,9 IPM Setelah 54,7 55,6 56,5 57,4 58,0 58,9 59,8 60,1 Figure 1. Development of HDI Nias Regency 2002-2017 IV. DISCUSSION Nias District, which was in 2003. Then the second proliferation was enacted on In 2002-2009 before the proliferation October 29, 2008, namely Nias, North practice, the trend of HDI continued to increase where the lowest number of Nias, West Nias and Gunungsitoli 61.8% and the highest of 67.9%. Then Municipality. after the expansion in 2010-2017, the trend Hypothesis: of HDI decreased, but the trend of HDI after proliferation practice tended to Ho: There is no difference in experience a slow increase where the Human Development Index lowest number of 54.7% and the highest of before and after the 60.1%. The explanation of this proliferation practice in Nias phenomenon can be inferred from the Regency proliferation practiceinNias Regency Ha: There is a difference in the which is not simultaneously carried out in Human Development Index the same year.
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