Discovering Ukraine

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Discovering Ukraine Міністерство освіти та науки України Полтавський національний педагогічний університет імені В.Г.Короленка Факультет філології та журналістики Кафедра англійської та німецької філології Сосой Галина Станіславівна DISCOVERING UKRAINE Навчальний посібник з англійської мови для студентів І-ІV курсів українського відділення факультету філології та журналістики Полтава 2018 1 УДК 811.111(075.8) C 66 Затверджено на засіданні вченої ради Полтавського національного педагогічного університету імені В.Г. Короленка. (Протокол № 11 від 22 лютого 2018 року) Автор – Cосой Г.С., ст. викл. кафедри англійської та німецької філології. Рецензенти Іщенко В.Л., кандидат філологічних наук, доцент, завідувач кафедри ділової іноземної мови Вищого навчального закладу Укоопспілки «Полтавський університет економіки і торгівлі» Криницька Н.І., кандидат філологічних наук, доцент, зав. кафедри романо- германської філології ПНПУ ім. В.Г. Короленка Сосой Г.С. Discovering Ukraine : навчальний посібник з англ. мови для студентів І- ІV курсів українського відділення факультету філології та журналістики / Г.С. Сосой. – Полтава : ПНПУ, 2018. – 144 с. Навчально-методичний посібник “Discovering Ukraine” являє собою збірник текстів і вправ, складений з урахуванням програми з англійської мови для студентів І-ІV курсів українського відділення факультету філології та журналістики денної форми навчання. Метою посібника є розвиток навичок читання, усного мовлення, літературного перекладу, збагачення тематичної лексики та словникового запасу студентів у цілому, закріплення студентами граматичного матеріалу з англійської мови. Загальна кількість текстів – 35. Тексти подаються в комплексі з вправами на засвоєння тематичної лексики. Для полегшення розуміння текстів до кожного з них доданий міні- словник. 2 CONTENTS ПЕРЕДМОВА…………………………………………………………………...4 Lavra Monastery Treasures………………………………………………………..5 Lavra Caves……………………………………………………………………….8 Bible Translations into Ukrainian………………………………………………...13 Winter Holidays and Winter Food: Christmas; Bountiful Evening; Baptism in Water (Epiphany, Vodokhreshche)……… ………………………………………17 Traditional Holidays Celebrated in Spring: Feast of Svyata Yavdokha; the Day of Forty Saints; the Annunciation (Blahovishchennya)……………………........19 Velykden: Great Day, Easter, Uplifting of the Soul………………………………22 Pysankas and Krashankas as an Important Element in the Ukrainian Country Life………………………………………………………………………28 Symbolic World of Pysanka……………………………………………………...30 Triytsya – Ukrainian Traditional Holiday……………………………………...... 33 The Feast of St Peter and St Paul Celebrated in Ukraine ………………………..36 Pokrova and Other Virgin Mary Feasts …………………………………………..38 St Michael the Archangel and Leader of the Heavenly Armies ………………….40 Fortunetelling Rituals on the Feast Day of St Andrew …………………………...42 St Varvara – History and Tradition……………………………………………...45 Rituals and Traditions of the Ukrainian Wedding ……………………………….48 Ukrainian National Costume as a Witness of the Past……………………………53 Ukrainian Traditional Embroidery………………………………………………. 57 Vytynanky – an Art of Decorative Paper Cutting………………………………...62 Pysanka as a Reflection of Ancient Tradition…………………………………….64 Painting on Hope Chests and Walls………………………………………………68 A Doll – Protectress of the Household……………………………………………72 Traditions of Pottery and Clay Masters…………………………………………...75 180 Yyears of Ukrainian Postcards……………………………………………….78 The Ukrainian Singers…………………………………………………………….80 Martial Dance……………………………………………………………………..85 Khortytsya – Witness of the Cossacks’ Glory…………………………………….88 Baturin, Destroyed and Resurrected………………………………………………91 Kachanivka, Eden on Earth……………………………………………………….94 King Danylo……………………………………………………………………..100 Roxolana from Roksolania, the Beloved Wife of a Mighty Turkish Sultan…….108 Rrominent Ukrainians in Paris…………………………………………………..115 A Cossack among the Papuans – a Story of Mykola Myklukho-Maklay……….120 A Siamese Princess from the Land of Volyn……………………………………127 The Power of the Word……………………………………………………………133 БІБЛІОГРАФІЯ………………………………………………………………..144 3 ПЕРЕДМОВА Україна чітко визначилась та зорієнтувалась стосовно входження до освітнього простору Європи, наполегливо працює над практичним приєднанням до Болонського процесу. Відповідно до вимог нової програми впровадження новітніх ідей щодо мети Болонського процесу, випускники вищих навчальних закладів повинні зокрема на високому рівні володіти мовними знаннями, навичками, уміннями. На етапі формування незалежної європейської держави важливого значення набуває якісна підготовка спеціалістів зі знанням англійської мови, оскільки її опанування стає нагальною потребою в усіх аспектах життя європейського суспільства. Глибоке знання й розуміння національних обрядів і традицій, уміння донести їх до співрозмовника, дає можливість більш повно розкрити особистий потенціал студентів. Запропоновані тексти дають змогу молоді ознайомитися з скарбами української історії і культури, зрозуміти глибинне коріння тих або інших витоків національних християнських свят, а також більш повно й барвисто розкрити ці явища української культури при спілкуванні з представниками інших держав і носіями інших культур. За цих умов, вдосконалення процесу навчання іноземним мовам потребує нових навчально-методичних посібників, різноманітних словників, тестів, інших засобів навчання та контролю. Посібник містить 35 оригінальних текстів, пов’язаних з історичними подіями та видатними особистостями країни, українськими християнськими народними святами та традиціями, а також весільними ритуалами. Деякі використані в посібнику тексти запозичені з журналів «Welcome to Ukraine» за 1998-2010 р. та австралійського видання книги про історію українського костюму. Тексти супроводжуються лексико-граматичними вправами, що мають на меті закріпити та активізувати навчальний матеріал, розвивати навички читання та усного мовлення. Перед початком роботи над розділом студент повинен уважно прочитати всі нові слова, словосполучення та терміни, звертаючи особливу увагу на вимову, потім прочитати і перекласти тематичний текст (передбачається, що студенти володіють достатнім лексичним запасом, який у поєднанні з поданими до тексту словами дозволить їм зрозуміти зміст тексту; в окремих випадках студенти можуть користуватися англо-українськими словниками). Після цього потрібно перейти до виконання вправ. Матеріал і система вправ забезпечує оволодіння навичками читання та говоріння (в основному монологічного мовлення), письма та аудіювання. Вправи зібрані наступним чином: 1) вправи для закріплення активного словника; 2) вправи для розвитку навичок мовлення. Питання про послідовність виконання вправ може бути вирішене викладачем і студентами. Цей навчальний посібник може бути використаний як для аудиторної роботи у навчальних закладах, так і для самостійного вивчення англійської мови. 4 LAVRA MONASTERY TREASURES The architectural ensemble of the Lavra Monastery with the earliest landmarks dating to the eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth centuries is an impressive sight, but no less impressive is a collection of sacral art and liturgical objects which is kept in the section of the Lavra Monastery which is not a functioning monastery but a state historical and cultural preserve. There are about 70,000 museum items in that collection which contains icons, ancient portraits, embroideries, object’s d'art made of gold and other precious metals, prints, old books, archaeological and other finds, and old photographs. Among these items one can find things made abroad, not only in Ukraine, in the past centuries. Exhibitions of these treasures are regularly staged both in Ukraine and elsewhere. Currently, an exhibition of liturgical objects was held in the historical and cultural preserve section of the Lavra Monastery. Over 200 exhibits, many of them shown at an exhibition for the first time, date from the seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Icons, church vessels, reliquaries, chalices, tabernacles, decorative items, fabrics and liturgical garments are imbued with symbolical meaning and a special, spiritual beauty. Of a particular importance in the Christian religious service is the cross, the central symbol of the Christian faith. Crosses used in the religious services were of different shapes and sizes; depending on the role these crosses had to play. Crosses were made of precious and ordinary metals, and of other materials, wood being the most often used. At the exhibition, we could see crosses made of cypress in precious frames and with miniatures of high artistic merit which depicted the Biblical and evangelical scenes. Chalices and other objects used in liturgy were on display at the exhibition. Among them were plates (discos) on which prosphorae were placed. Prosphorae symbolized the Lamb sacrificed to expiate the sins of humankind. At the Eucharist, the prosphorae are believed to mystically turn into the flesh of Christ. During the Orthodox service, a zvizdytsya – the object that symbolized the Star of Bethlehem – was placed in the centre of the plate. Most of the chalices and plates shown at the exhibition were made of silver; one of the plates that dates from the nineteenth century, was made of jasper. Liturgical objects were covered with special pieces of fabric called vozdukhy (literally – "made of air"). They symbolized the shroud into which the body of Jesus Christ was wrapped after his crucifixion. Vozdukhy shown at the exhibition date from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. They were made and embroidered in Ukraine. Crosses, reliquaries, books of Gospels, and
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