Appendix to Atula Hsayadaw Shin Yasa: a Critical Biography of An
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
5) Bayinnaung in the Hanthawadi Shinbyumya Shin Ayedawbon Chronicle 2.Pmd
Bayinnaung in the Hanthawadi Hsinbyumya Shin Ayedawbon Chronicle by Thaw Kaung King Bayinnaung (AD 1551-1581) is known and respected in Myanmar as a great war- rior king of renown. Bayinnaung refers to himself in the only inscription that he left as “the Conqueror of the Ten Directions”.1 but this epithet is not found in the main Myanmar chronicles or in the Ayedawbon texts. Professor D. G. E. Hall of Rangoon University wrote that “Bayinnaung was a born leader of men. the greatest ever produced by Burma. ”2 There is a separate Ayedawbon historical chronicle devoted specifically to the campaigns and achievements of Bayinnaung entitled Hsinbyumya-shin Ayedawbon.3 Ayedawbon The term Ayedawbon means “a historical account of a royal campaign” 4 It also means a chronicle which records the campaigns and achivements of great kings like Rajadirit, Bayinnaung and Alaungphaya. The Ayedawbon is a Myanmar historical text which records : (1) How great men of prowess like Bayinnaung consolidated their power and became king. (2) How these kings retained their power by military campaigns, diplomacy, alliances and 1. For the full text of The Bell Inscription of King Bayinnaung see Report of the Superintendent, Archaeological Survey, Burma . 1953. Published 1955. p. 17-18. For the English translations by Dr. Than Tun and U Sein Myint see Myanmar Historical Research Journal. no. 8 (Dec. 2001) p. 16-20, 23-27. 2. D. G. E. Hall. Burma. 2nd ed. London : Hutchinson’s University Library, 1956. p.41. 3. The variant titles are Hsinbyushin Ayedawbon and Hanthawadi Ayedawbon. 4. Myanmar - English Dictionary. -
MYANMAR AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS (2006-2007 to 2015-2016)
The Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Ministry of Planning and Finance MYANMAR AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS (2006-2007 to 2015-2016) Central Statistical Organization Ministry of Planning and Finance in Collaboration with Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar 2017 The Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar MYANMAR AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS (2006-2007 to 2015-2016) Central Statistical Organization Ministry of Planning and Finance in Collaboration with Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar 2017 MYANMAR AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS (2006-2007~2015-2016) Published by Central Statistical Organization, Office No. (32), Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar. Visit us at www.csostat.gov.mm and www.mmsis.gov.mm e-mail: [email protected] Copyright@ Central Statistical Organization, Myanmar. All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copy right holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copy right holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to: Director- General Central Statistical Organization, Office No. (32), Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar. FOREWARD Central Statistical Organization of Myanmar is endeavoring to deliver the key socio-economic statistical messages to all citizens with the support of continuous data series that reflect the current situations of the country. Since Agricultural Sector is the backbone of Myanmar Economy, the purpose of this publication is to provide detailed statistical information on Myanmar Agricultural Sector for the period between 2006 2007 and 2015-2016. -
THAN, TUN Citation the ROYAL ORDERS of BURMA, AD 1598-1885
Title Introduction Author(s) THAN, TUN THE ROYAL ORDERS OF BURMA, A.D. 1598-1885 (1985), Citation 2: [7]-[18] Issue Date 1985 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/173789 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University INTRODUCTION THE ROYAL ORDERS are arranged in chronological order. A few of the earlier orders that should have been published in Part One, however, were left out for reasons of, what I think, anachronism. Some words, phrases and place names in them do not belong to the date given in them. They are now included in Part Two. Because on second thought, I consider it best to leave the decision to the scholars.: When a date is missing where it should be, I supply it in parenthesis after checking the event in the order against any other record available including the chronicles. When it fails, I would simply give it a date of an order before it or after it as the case may be, because a date ls essential in an order and it was.only through sl~ght that the scribe who had it copied failed to mention it. In the course of collecting these orders, I found quite a number of notes and observations which are not orders but which could be profitably used with the orders. I intend to edit them and put them in an appendix to the last number of these books on the Royal Orders of Burma. A brief survey of political situation ln Burma after the fall of Pagan, as mentioned in some Burmese and Mon inscriptions would be of some interest here. -
Thai-Burmese Warfare During the Sixteenth Century and the Growth of the First Toungoo Empire1
Thai-Burmese warfare during the sixteenth century 69 THAI-BURMESE WARFARE DURING THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY AND THE GROWTH OF THE FIRST TOUNGOO EMPIRE1 Pamaree Surakiat Abstract A new historical interpretation of the pre-modern relations between Thailand and Burma is proposed here by analyzing these relations within the wider historical context of the formation of mainland Southeast Asian states. The focus is on how Thai- Burmese warfare during the sixteenth century was connected to the growth and development of the first Toungoo empire. An attempt is made to answer the questions: how and why sixteenth century Thai-Burmese warfare is distinguished from previous warfare, and which fundamental factors and conditions made possible the invasion of Ayutthaya by the first Toungoo empire. Introduction As neighbouring countries, Thailand and Burma not only share a long border but also have a profoundly interrelated history. During the first Toungoo empire in the mid-sixteenth century and during the early Konbaung empire from the mid-eighteenth to early nineteenth centuries, the two major kingdoms of mainland Southeast Asia waged wars against each other numerous times. This warfare was very important to the growth and development of both kingdoms and to other mainland Southeast Asian polities as well. 1 This article is a revision of the presentations in the 18th IAHA Conference, Academia Sinica (December 2004, Taipei) and The Golden Jubilee International Conference (January 2005, Yangon). A great debt of gratitude is owed to Dr. Sunait Chutintaranond, Professor John Okell, Sarah Rooney, Dr. Michael W. Charney, Saya U Myint Thein, Dr. Dhiravat na Pombejra and Professor Michael Smithies. -
Ayut'ia Men in the Service of Burmese Kings. 16Th & 17Th Centuries
Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 21, No.4, March 1984 Notes Ayut'ia Men in the Service of Burmese Kings. 16th & 17th Centuries Than TUN* Burmese kings residing either at Han able-bodied youths were recruited into the thawaddy in lower Bunna or at Ava in armed forces of the Burmese kings. upper Burma during the 16th and 17th There are no records telling us who centuries (and for some decades early in these prisoners of war were, from where the 18th century) made frequent wars they were captured or to where they were with T'ais living at Kaunghan (Keng sent. There are also no clues that would hung), Linzin (Vien Chang/Vientiane),!) enable us to trace their descendants. As a Yodaya (Ayut'ia) and Zinme (Chie matter of fact these aliens mixed so freely ngmai).2) Some of these wars of course with the natives that their roots were ended with disaster for the Burmese side completely forgotten. Nevertheless we have but others were successful. After each some stray references to them in the triumphant campaign, several T'ai artisans chronicle called the Mhannan: compiled by skilled in various handicrafts and many a Royal Order of 3 May 1829 and also in artistes of the same race accomplished in some reports made after royal orders various forms of entertainment, with or asking about these T'ai service men. without musical instrUITlents, were sent to When a king became interested in some the capital of the Burmese king. Selected monument or institution, he would ask for young men and women would be sent all possible infornlation on it or ask some abroad to be sold as slaves,3) but other one to con1pile a history ofit. -
Buddhism and Written Law: Dhammasattha Manuscripts and Texts in Premodern Burma
BUDDHISM AND WRITTEN LAW: DHAMMASATTHA MANUSCRIPTS AND TEXTS IN PREMODERN BURMA A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Dietrich Christian Lammerts May 2010 2010 Dietrich Christian Lammerts BUDDHISM AND WRITTEN LAW: DHAMMASATTHA MANUSCRIPTS AND TEXTS IN PREMODERN BURMA Dietrich Christian Lammerts, Ph.D. Cornell University 2010 This dissertation examines the regional and local histories of dhammasattha, the preeminent Pali, bilingual, and vernacular genre of Buddhist legal literature transmitted in premodern Burma and Southeast Asia. It provides the first critical analysis of the dating, content, form, and function of surviving dhammasattha texts based on a careful study of hitherto unexamined Burmese and Pali manuscripts. It underscores the importance for Buddhist and Southeast Asian Studies of paying careful attention to complex manuscript traditions, multilingual post- and para- canonical literatures, commentarial strategies, and the regional South-Southeast Asian literary, historical, and religious context of the development of local legal and textual practices. Part One traces the genesis of dhammasattha during the first and early second millennia C.E. through inscriptions and literary texts from India, Cambodia, Campå, Java, Lakå, and Burma and investigates its historical and legal-theoretical relationships with the Sanskrit Bråhmaˆical dharmaßåstra tradition and Pali Buddhist literature. It argues that during this period aspects of this genre of written law, akin to other disciplines such as alchemy or medicine, functioned in both Buddhist and Bråhmaˆical contexts, and that this ecumenical legal culture persisted in certain areas such as Burma and Java well into the early modern period. -
Appendix Appendix
APPENDIX APPENDIX DYNASTIC LISTS, WITH GOVERNORS AND GOVERNORS-GENERAL Burma and Arakan: A. Rulers of Pagan before 1044 B. The Pagan dynasty, 1044-1287 C. Myinsaing and Pinya, 1298-1364 D. Sagaing, 1315-64 E. Ava, 1364-1555 F. The Toungoo dynasty, 1486-1752 G. The Alaungpaya or Konbaung dynasty, 1752- 1885 H. Mon rulers of Hanthawaddy (Pegu) I. Arakan Cambodia: A. Funan B. Chenla C. The Angkor monarchy D. The post-Angkor period Champa: A. Linyi B. Champa Indonesia and Malaya: A. Java, Pre-Muslim period B. Java, Muslim period C. Malacca D. Acheh (Achin) E. Governors-General of the Netherlands East Indies Tai Dynasties: A. Sukhot'ai B. Ayut'ia C. Bangkok D. Muong Swa E. Lang Chang F. Vien Chang (Vientiane) G. Luang Prabang 954 APPENDIX 955 Vietnam: A. The Hong-Bang, 2879-258 B.c. B. The Thuc, 257-208 B.C. C. The Trieu, 207-I I I B.C. D. The Earlier Li, A.D. 544-602 E. The Ngo, 939-54 F. The Dinh, 968-79 G. The Earlier Le, 980-I009 H. The Later Li, I009-I225 I. The Tran, 1225-I400 J. The Ho, I400-I407 K. The restored Tran, I407-I8 L. The Later Le, I4I8-I8o4 M. The Mac, I527-I677 N. The Trinh, I539-I787 0. The Tay-Son, I778-I8o2 P. The Nguyen Q. Governors and governors-general of French Indo China APPENDIX DYNASTIC LISTS BURMA AND ARAKAN A. RULERS OF PAGAN BEFORE IOH (According to the Burmese chronicles) dat~ of accusion 1. Pyusawti 167 2. Timinyi, son of I 242 3· Yimminpaik, son of 2 299 4· Paikthili, son of 3 . -
Social Life of People in Meikhtila District During Konbaung Period
Yangon University of Foreign Languages Research Journal 2020, Vol. 11, No. 1 103 Social Life of People in Meikhtila District During Konbaung Period Thida Myint Abstract This paper is made on the existence of different social organizations ranging from hereditary officials to the pagoda slaves of the region during Konbaung Period. The number of households of crown servicemen and Commoners, their privileges and obligations and even their titles are mentioned in this paper. The discussion is also made on the miscellaneous occupations, education and health care provided by the sanghas of the locality and indigenous medicine men (practitioner). In the source materials collected so far in the region, the different types of livelihood, social customs together with the infra and supra-relations of the local chiefs are mentioned. The role of local hereditary chiefs and heads of monastic orders in the region are highlighted. In the long course of monarchical rule, the people sometimes had to live under the chaotic situation created by warfare, mal-administration, heavy taxation, epidemic and serious drought. The paper is made on the instability of social life under such situation and how the people make attempts to overcome the social and economic difficulties in Konbaung Period. Keywords: social life, organization, Meikhtila Introduction All of the world's earliest civilizations and social organization had something in common that is, they were mostly situated in river valleys and big lakes that had pleasant locations for agriculture. The early people, however, could not use the water resources of the rivers and big lakes. When a great amount of rain fell, water levels got very high. -
Atula Hsayadaw Shin Yasa: a Critical Biography of an Eighteenth-Century Burmese Monk
Atula Hsayadaw Shin Yasa: a Critical Biography of an Eighteenth‐Century Burmese Monk (version 1.1) April 02, 2012 Alexey Kirichenko One of the few relatively well-known episodes in the eighteenth-century history of monastic Buddhism in Burma is the debate on how novices should be dressed when going outside of the monastery to collect alms food.1 Sometimes referred to as the ekaṃsika-pārupana or the “one shoulder” vs. the “two shoulder” controversy, the debate revolved around the issue of whether novices should wear their robes in the same fashion as the monks or whether they should be dressed in a specifically distinct manner. According to a number of influential Burmese sources, this issue caused a serious rift in the saṃgha, which lasted for almost a century and was remedied only through resolute actions of King Badon-min (Bodawpaya, 1782–1819). As a subject for debate and a cause for monastic reform, the “one shoulder” vs. the “two shoulder” controversy seems a typical case for Theravādin monasticism. The tendency of Theravāda monks to emphasize seemingly minor issues of discipline or ritual practice over the matters of doctrine is long noted in the literature.2 Such matters as the manner of wearing the robe or carrying the alms bowl, the acceptability of wearing footwear (in general or in specific contexts), the propriety of certain types of monastic fans, the permissibility of smoking after noon, the rules for intoning Pāli ceremonial and ritual formulas, calendrical practices, etc., engaged the best minds in the saṃgha for decades. The debates on such issues were usually fueled by inter-monastic competition and provided rallying points for different networks or groupings of monks as well as the justification for dissent in the eyes of lay patrons. -
Socio-Economic Conditions from the Wall Paintings of Mahasakkya
Kyaukse University Research Journal 2012, Vol.3, No. l Socio-Economic Conditions from the Wall Paintings of Mahasakkya. Ramsi Kyauk Taw Gyi Pagoda Khin Myint Swe Abstract Although there were many urban and rural human Settlement areas in �-4Y&Mfflt!Fof K6fbaung Period of Myanmar history, the entire Socio-economic life of the country depended upon the capita} which was the centre of royal residence. From the year 1784 to 1852 A.D, Amarapura was the royal cpital forSixty years. Later the royal capital was moved fromAmarapura to Mandalay. Thereforeit should be noted that as the centre of trade and commerce lasted only 68 years. The economy and livelihood oftheAmarapura period as portrayedin the wall paintings of Kyauk-taw-gyi Pagoda, was mainly feudal, which meant that the economy and livelihood of the Kingdom was based on agriculture and cultivation of crops. Be�ides, there we�e products from natural resources such as oil, Jade, timber and forest products. And the trade and flow of goods were primarily executed through the Kingdom's capital. Socio-Economic Conditions fromthe Wall P�intings of Mahasakkya Ramsi Kyauk Taw Gyi Pagoda The economy ofKonbaung period, centered on the kingdom'scapital, could be divided into two sectors: internal and external trade. From 1784 to 18 52 A.D. Amarapura was the capital of Konbaung Kingdom for68 years and after 1852 the Capital was transferred to Mandalay, and so Amarapurawas the centre ofthe Kingdom's trade foronly 68 years. Theeconomy and livelihood of theAmarapuraperiod, as portrayedin the wall paintings ofKyauk-taw-gyiPagoda, was mainly feudal, which meantthat the economy and livelihood of the kingdom was based on agriculture andcultivation of crops. -
The Trend of the Role of Ramańńa Nikāya in the Next Decade in Mon State
THE TREND OF THE ROLE OF RAMAÑÑA NIKĀYA IN THE NEXT DECADE IN MON STATE Ven. Za Wa Na A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirement for the Degree of Master of Arts (Buddhist Studies) Graduate School Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University C.E. 2017 The Trend of the Role of Rãmañña Nikāya in the Next Decade in Mon State Ven. Za Wa Na A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirement for the Degree of Master of Arts (Buddhist Studies) Graduate School Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University C.E. 2017 (Copyright by Mahachulalongkornrajavidyalaya University) ii Thesis Title : The Trend of the Role of Rãmañña Nikāya in the Next Decade in Mon State Researcher : Ven. Za Wa Na Degree : Master of Arts ( Buddhist Studies) Thesis Supervisory Committee : Asst. Prof. Dr. Phramaha Hansa Dhammahaso : Pali V, B.A. (Philosophy) M.A. (Buddhist Studies) : Ph.D. (Buddhist Studies) : Asst. Prof. Dr. Sanu Mahatthanadull : B.A (Advertisement) M.A (Buddhist Studies) : Ph.D. (Buddhist Studies) Date of Graduation :16/ 03 / 2017 Abstract This qualitative research has three main objectives namely: (1) to study the origin and development of Rãmañña Nikāya in Mon State, (2) to study the characteristics and practices of Ramañña Nikāya Association, (3) to analyze the Trend of the Roles of Ramañña Nikāya in the Next Decade in Mon State. The result of the study found that Mon Buddhism began and develop before Pegan, during Pegan and after Pegan from three periods during conflict civil war. Based on the results of the analysis, the study presents possible solutions to the conflict. These periods will present and explain various conditions based on the results of the analysis from a long time in the history of Ramañña Nikāya. -
The Transformation of Weaving in Myanmar from the Tradition to the Modernity and Its Impact
The Transformation of Weaving in Myanmar from the Tradition to the Modernity and Its Impact Yan Naing Lin1 Abstract Myanmar traditional handicrafts such as silversmith, goldsmith and weaving suffered eclipse under the penetration of the western culture, especially, the weaving experienced the great challenge by the domination of the western textiles under the Luissez Faire policy practiced by the British. Together with the exhortation of Myanmar nationalist leaders of YMBA in order to uplift the traditional weaving, Saunders Weaving School came to be emerged under the endeavor of Mr. Saunders. He intended to produce more clothes by means of modernized looms in order to uplift the social life of the weavers and therefore he attempted to transform the conventional weaving craft and to spread it to the whole country. As a result of this effort, many weaving schools came to be developed alongside many private weaving factories throughout the country. Also the Saunders Weaving Institute helped to the development of Lun-yar-kyaw Acheik by combination of traditional methods and modernized instruments. This paper is intended to explore how the weaving in Myanmar continued to develop, survive and how the traditional method was transformed into the modernity. Introduction The weaving craft which had been existed since the Pyu period in Myanmar came to be developed successively throughout the ages and then it was prosperous together with the combination of the weaving craft of Manipur. Together with the development of Lun-yar kyaw Acheik , Amarapura Township became a centre of weaving industry from the Amarapura period to the Yatanabon Period. During the British colonial period, Myanmar weaving industry faced the great challenge by the foreign textiles which were imported under the policy of free trade.