Living with Fire: Ecology and Genetics of the Dasyurid Mammal Dasykaluta Rosamondae

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Living with Fire: Ecology and Genetics of the Dasyurid Mammal Dasykaluta Rosamondae Living with fire: Ecology and genetics of the dasyurid mammal Dasykaluta rosamondae Genevieve Louise Tavani Hayes Bachelor of Science (Wildlife Management) Hons This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The University of Western Australia School of Biological Sciences 2018 Thesis Declaration I, Genevieve Louise Tavani Hayes, certify that: This thesis has been substantially accomplished during enrolment in the degree. This thesis does not contain material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in my name, in any university or other tertiary institution. No part of this work will, in the future, be used in a submission in my name, for any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution without the prior approval of The University of Western Australia and where applicable, any partner institution responsible for the joint-award of this degree. This thesis does not contain any material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. The work(s) are not in any way a violation or infringement of any copyright, trademark, patent, or other rights whatsoever of any person. The research involving animal data reported in this thesis was assessed and approved by The University of Western Australia Animal Ethics Committee. Approval #: RA/3/100/1235. The following approvals were obtained prior to commencing the relevant work described in this thesis: Health and Safety Induction, Permission to Use Animals (PUA), Program in Animal Welfare, Ethics and Science (PAWES), Department of Parks and Wildlife Regulation 4: Permission to enter DPaW lands and/or waters for the purpose of undertaking research (licence numbers: CE004035 and CE004508) and Department of Parks and Wildlife Regulation 17: Licence to take fauna for scientific purposes (licence numbers: SF009353 and SF009924). The work described in this thesis was funded by The University of Western Australia and an ARC Future Fellowship awarded to DO Fisher (FT110100191). This thesis contains published work and/or work prepared for publication, some of which has been co-authored. Signature: Date: 18 August 2017 ii Summary The dasyurids are a group of Australian mammals with relatively few threatened species. This is rare for mammals in Australia, where over 30% of the world’s terrestrial mammal extinctions have occurred since 1600 AD, and may be a consequence of their unusual and ‘fast’ life histories. The kaluta, Dasykaluta rosamondae, is a small dasyurid, common in the broader Pilbara region of north- western Australia. In my study, I examined the ecology of kalutas to determine whether their current conservation status is appropriate and whether management actions are required to ensure the persistence of this species. Specifically, I assessed life history characteristics, patterns of paternity, responses to fire, diet, and population structure at broad and fine scales. My study was conducted in Millstream Chichester National Park (MCNP) between July 2013 and December 2014. In total, I captured 131 individual kalutas (54 males, 77 females) at a trap success rate of 3.8%. Sex ratios varied over the year, with an equal sex ratio in winter compared with only females in summer following male die-off. Adult males were significantly larger than adult females and were also in better condition. Kalutas were cathemeral, with activity times ranging from crepuscular in summer to more diurnal in winter. I confirmed that males were obligately semelparous and that females were polyandrous, with litters sired by up to three males. Intraspecific positive testis allometry was demonstrated in adult males, consistent with sperm competition occurring in this species. Populations of kalutas were larger on sites that had not been burnt for a long time and had higher spinifex (Triodia) cover than they were on sites that had been recently burnt and had less spinifex cover. Capture success of kalutas was significantly influenced by spinifex cover, but not time since fire. Spinifex hummocks were significantly smaller on recently burnt sites than the other sites, but no difference was found in spinifex size and cover between intermediate aged and long unburnt sites, suggesting that there was a threshold for the effect of time since fire on spinifex size. These findings suggest that the frequency of fire is not as important for kaluta persistence as the occurrence of spinifex of sufficient size. I used DNA barcoding to study the diet of the kaluta; this new technology is revolutionising the diet analysis of cryptic species. My data revealed that kaluta diet consisted predominantly of termites, as well as another small dasyurid species (Pseudantechinus sp.), spiders and centipedes. The diet analysis did not identify any differences in diet between the sexes, sites of differing fire age or between seasons. Lastly, I used microsatellite genotyping to study the population structure of kalutas across their range as well as on a fine scale within MCNP. I found at the broad scale no genetic structuring was evident in kalutas, while at the local scale both males and females exhibit clear population structure and individuals are more closely related than by chance up to distances of 8 km. These genetic results indicate different dispersal patterns, and highlight the importance of assessing structure at both broad and local scales in conservation genetic studies. iii Together, the results of my comprehensive study of the demography, ecology, mating system, diet and genetics of the kaluta will inform future management actions for a species inhabiting a region likely to experience substantial changes as the global climate warms. My findings suggest fire management that encourages less frequent, less intense fires would support this species, with patches of long unburnt habitat a vital niche for their long-term survival. My results suggest that the current conservation status of kalutas is appropriate. I advise caution, however, since the kaluta has the potential to quickly become threatened, particularly through the negative impact of fire frequency, which is likely to increase under a warming climate. My data are consistent with the pattern of dasyurid species with fast life histories being more robust to the threats that have driven other small mammal species to extinction. iv Table of Contents Summary ............................................................................................................................................................... iii Acknowledgements .............................................................................................................................................. vi Authorship Declaration: Co-authored Publications ......................................................................................... vii Prologue ................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Chapter 1 Life history and activity schedules of a small dasyurid Dasykaluta rosamondae in the Pilbara region of Western Australia ............................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Abstract......................................................................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 9 1.3 Methods ...................................................................................................................................................... 11 1.4 Results......................................................................................................................................................... 14 1.5 Discussion ................................................................................................................................................... 17 Chapter 2 Multiple paternity and male semelparity confirmed in an arid-zone dasyurid, Dasykaluta rosamondae .......................................................................................................................................................... 21 2.1 Abstract....................................................................................................................................................... 22 2.2 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 23 2.3 Methods ...................................................................................................................................................... 24 2.4 Results......................................................................................................................................................... 27 2.5 Discussion ................................................................................................................................................... 30 Chapter 3 Fire and decreased Triodia cover negatively affect the small, Pilbara region endemic dasyurid Dasykaluta rosamondae ....................................................................................................................................... 33 3.1 Abstract......................................................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Platypus Collins, L.R
    AUSTRALIAN MAMMALS BIOLOGY AND CAPTIVE MANAGEMENT Stephen Jackson © CSIRO 2003 All rights reserved. Except under the conditions described in the Australian Copyright Act 1968 and subsequent amendments, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, duplicating or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Contact CSIRO PUBLISHING for all permission requests. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Jackson, Stephen M. Australian mammals: Biology and captive management Bibliography. ISBN 0 643 06635 7. 1. Mammals – Australia. 2. Captive mammals. I. Title. 599.0994 Available from CSIRO PUBLISHING 150 Oxford Street (PO Box 1139) Collingwood VIC 3066 Australia Telephone: +61 3 9662 7666 Local call: 1300 788 000 (Australia only) Fax: +61 3 9662 7555 Email: [email protected] Web site: www.publish.csiro.au Cover photos courtesy Stephen Jackson, Esther Beaton and Nick Alexander Set in Minion and Optima Cover and text design by James Kelly Typeset by Desktop Concepts Pty Ltd Printed in Australia by Ligare REFERENCES reserved. Chapter 1 – Platypus Collins, L.R. (1973) Monotremes and Marsupials: A Reference for Zoological Institutions. Smithsonian Institution Press, rights Austin, M.A. (1997) A Practical Guide to the Successful Washington. All Handrearing of Tasmanian Marsupials. Regal Publications, Collins, G.H., Whittington, R.J. & Canfield, P.J. (1986) Melbourne. Theileria ornithorhynchi Mackerras, 1959 in the platypus, 2003. Beaven, M. (1997) Hand rearing of a juvenile platypus. Ornithorhynchus anatinus (Shaw). Journal of Wildlife Proceedings of the ASZK/ARAZPA Conference. 16–20 March.
    [Show full text]
  • MORNINGTON PENINSULA BIODIVERSITY: SURVEY and RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Design and Editing: Linda Bester, Universal Ecology Services
    MORNINGTON PENINSULA BIODIVERSITY: SURVEY AND RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Design and editing: Linda Bester, Universal Ecology Services. General review: Sarah Caulton. Project manager: Garrique Pergl, Mornington Peninsula Shire. Photographs: Matthew Dell, Linda Bester, Malcolm Legg, Arthur Rylah Institute (ARI), Mornington Peninsula Shire, Russell Mawson, Bruce Fuhrer, Save Tootgarook Swamp, and Celine Yap. Maps: Mornington Peninsula Shire, Arthur Rylah Institute (ARI), and Practical Ecology. Further acknowledgements: This report was produced with the assistance and input of a number of ecological consultants, state agencies and Mornington Peninsula Shire community groups. The Shire is grateful to the many people that participated in the consultations and surveys informing this report. Acknowledgement of Country: The Mornington Peninsula Shire acknowledges Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders as the first Australians and recognises that they have a unique relationship with the land and water. The Shire also recognises the Mornington Peninsula is home to the Boonwurrung / Bunurong, members of the Kulin Nation, who have lived here for thousands of years and who have traditional connections and responsibilities to the land on which Council meets. Data sources - This booklet summarises the results of various biodiversity reports conducted for the Mornington Peninsula Shire: • Costen, A. and South, M. (2014) Tootgarook Wetland Ecological Character Description. Mornington Peninsula Shire. • Cook, D. (2013) Flora Survey and Weed Mapping at Tootgarook Swamp Bushland Reserve. Mornington Peninsula Shire. • Dell, M.D. and Bester L.R. (2006) Management and status of Leafy Greenhood (Pterostylis cucullata) populations within Mornington Peninsula Shire. Universal Ecology Services, Victoria. • Legg, M. (2014) Vertebrate fauna assessments of seven Mornington Peninsula Shire reserves located within Tootgarook Wetland.
    [Show full text]
  • An Investigation Into Factors Affecting Breeding Success in The
    An investigation into factors affecting breeding success in the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) Tracey Catherine Russell Faculty of Science School of Life and Environmental Science The University of Sydney Australia A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2018 Faculty of Science The University of Sydney Table of Contents Table of Figures ............................................................................................................ viii Table of Tables ................................................................................................................. x Acknowledgements .........................................................................................................xi Chapter Acknowledgements .......................................................................................... xii Abbreviations ................................................................................................................. xv An investigation into factors affecting breeding success in the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) .................................................................................................. xvii Abstract ....................................................................................................................... xvii 1 Chapter One: Introduction and literature review .............................................. 1 1.1 Devil Life History ...................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Wildlife Matters Wildlife Conservancy
    australian wildlife matters wildlife conservancy Spring 2009 Pungalina reveals one of Australia’s rarest mammals Carpentarian Pseudantechinus 2 australian saving australia’s threatened wildlife wildlife Pictograph conservancy Welcome to the Spring 2009 edition of Wildlife Matters. As this edition goes to print, we are in the process of fi nalising the acquisition of Bowra (see pages 4-5), a 14,000 the awc mission hectare property located in the heart of the Mulga Lands in Queensland. Bowra will The mission of Australian Wildlife Conservancy be our 21st sanctuary, bringing the AWC network to more than 2.56 million hectares (AWC) is the effective conservation of all (6.3 million acres). Australian animal species and the habitats in While the overall scale of the portfolio is impressive, it is not the number of properties or which they live. To achieve this mission, our hectares that really count. A more accurate measure of the value of the portfolio is the actions are focused on: number of species and ecosystems that occur within the AWC estate. In this respect, • Establishing a network of sanctuaries the statistics are even more impressive – for example, around 80% of all Australian which protect threatened wildlife and terrestrial bird species and over 60% of all terrestrial mammal species occur on one or ecosystems: AWC now manages 20 more of our sanctuaries. sanctuaries covering over 2.56 million The fact that our portfolio captures such a high percentage of Australia’s wildlife species hectares (6.3 million acres). refl ects a deliberate, science-based strategy to ensure that AWC invests in properties • Implementing practical, on-ground of the highest environmental value.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduced Cats Felis Catus Eating a Continental Fauna: Inventory and Traits of Australian Mammal Species Killed
    This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Woolley, L.‐A., Geyle, H.M., Murphy, B.P., Legge, S.M., Palmer, R., Dickman, C.R., Augusteyn, J., Comer, S., Doherty, T.S., Eager, C., Edwards, G., Harley, D.K., Leiper, I., McDonald, P.J., McGregor, H.W., Moseby, K.E., Myers, C., Read, J.L., Riley, J., Stokeld, D., Turpin, J.M. and Woinarski, J.C. (2019) Introduced cats Felis catus eating a continental fauna: inventory and traits of Australian mammal species killed. Mammal Review, Volume 49, Issue 4, Pp 354‐368, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/mam.12167. This article may be used for non‐commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self‐Archiving. Introduced cats (Felis catus) eating a continental fauna: inventory and traits of Australian mammal species killed Leigh-Ann Woolley* NESP Threatened Species Recovery Hub, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT 0909, Australia. Email: [email protected] Hayley M. Geyle NESP Threatened Species Recovery Hub, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT 0909, Australia. Email: [email protected] Brett P. Murphy NESP Threatened Species Recovery Hub, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, NT 0909, Australia. Email: [email protected] Sarah M. Legge NESP Threatened Species Recovery Hub, Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. Email: [email protected] Russell Palmer Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, WA 6983, Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • Skulls of Tasmania
    SKULLS of the MAMMALS inTASMANIA R.H.GREEN with illustrations by 1. L. RAINBIRIJ An Illustrated Key to the Skulls of the Mammals in Tasmania by R. H. GREEN with illustrations by J. L. RAINBIRD Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery, Launceston, Tasmania Published by Queen Victoria Museum and Art Gallery, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia 1983 © Printed by Foot and Playsted Pty. Ltd., Launceston ISBN a 7246 1127 4 2 CONTENTS Page Introduction . 4 Acknowledgements.......................... 5 Types of teeth........................................................................................... 6 The illustrations........................................ 7 Skull of a carnivore showing polyprotodont dentition 8 Skull of a herbivore showing diprotodont dentition......................................... 9 Families of monotremes TACHYGLOSSIDAE - Echidna 10 ORNITHORHYNCHIDAE - Platypus 12 Families of marsupials DASYURIDAE - Quolls, devil, antechinuses, dunnart 14 THYLACINIDAE - Thylacine 22 PERAMELIDAE - Bandicoots 24 PHALANGERIDAE - Brushtail Possum 28 BURRAMYIDAE - Pygmy-possums 30 PETAURIDAE - Sugar glider, ringtail 34 MACROPODIDAE - Bettong, potoroo, pademelon, wallaby, kangaroo 38 VOMBATIDAE - Wombat 44 Families of eutherians VESPERTILIONIDAE - Bats 46 MURIDAE - Rats, mice 56 CANIDAE - Dog 66 FELIDAE - Cat 68 EQUIDAE - Horse 70 BOVIDAE - Cattle, goat, sheep 72 CERVIDAE - Deer 76 SUIDAE - Pig 78 LEPORIDAE - Hare, rabbit 80 OTARIIDAE - Sea-lion, fur-seals 84 PHOCIDAE - Seals 88 HOMINIDAE - Man 92 Appendix I Dichotomous key 94 Appendix II Index to skull illustrations . ........... 96 Alphabetical index of common names . ........................................... 98 Alphabetical index of scientific names 99 3 INTRODUCTION The skulls of mammals are often brought to museums for indentification. The enquirers may be familiar with the live animal but they are often quite confused when confronted with the task of identifying a skull or, worse, only part of a skull. Skulls may be found in the bush with, or apart from, the rest of the skeleton.
    [Show full text]
  • Supporting Information
    Supporting Information Fisher et al. 10.1073/pnas.1310691110 Fig. S1. Index of seasonal predictability in arthropod abundance (Colwell’s P) plotted against latitude of sampling sites where dasyurid and didelphid marsupials have been recorded in rainforest (filled points) and grassland (unfilled points). Lines indicate fitted regressions (solid line = rainforest, dashed line = grassland). Fig. S2. Mean index of seasonal predictability in arthropod abundance (Colwell’s P) plotted against mean latitude of sample points for dasyurid and didelphid marsupials in (A) shrubland and (B) Eucalypt forest and woodland habitats. Sampled species occurred in a relatively narrow range of latitudes in these habitats. Fisher et al. www.pnas.org/cgi/content/short/1310691110 1of13 Fig. S3. Phylogeny of insectivorous marsupials with known life history data, based on ref. 1 with updates from ref. 2. 1. Cardillo M, Bininda-Emonds ORP, Boakes E, Purvis A (2004) A species-level phylogenetic supertree of marsupials. J Zool 264(1):11–31. 2. Fritz SA, Bininda-Emonds ORP, Purvis A (2009) Geographical variation in predictors of mammalian extinction risk: Big is bad, but only in the tropics. Ecol Lett 12(6):538–549. Fisher et al. www.pnas.org/cgi/content/short/1310691110 2of13 Fisher et al. Table S1. Reproductive traits and diets of insectivorous marsupials Latitude (south) www.pnas.org/cgi/content/short/1310691110 Proportion Proportion Female for Habitat of of age species class for females males Male Breeding Copulation Litters Scrotal at first with species Genus species
    [Show full text]
  • Publications for Mathew Crowther 2021 2020 2019
    Publications for Mathew Crowther 2021 Editorial: Trends in Urban Rodent Monitoring and Mitigation: Fardell, L., Bedoya-Perez, M., Dickman, C., Crowther, M., Improving Our Understanding of Population and Disease Pavey, C., Narayan, E. (2021). Are physiological and Ecology, Surveillance and Control. Frontiers in Ecology and behavioural responses to stressors displayed concordantly by Evolution, 7, 522. <a wild urban rodents? Science of Nature, 108(1), 5. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2019.00522">[More href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-020-01716-8">[More Information]</a> Information]</a> van Eeden, L., Slagle, K., Newsome, T., Crowther, M., Spencer, E., Dickman, C., Greenville, A., Crowther, M., Kutt, Dickman, C., Bruskotter, J. (2020). Exploring nationality and A., Newsome, T. (2021). Carcasses attract invasive species and social identity to explain attitudes toward conservation actions increase artificial nest predation in a desert environment. Global in the United States and Australia. Conservation Biology, 34(5), Ecology and Conservation, 27, e01588. <a 1165-1175. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01588">[More href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.13488">[More Information]</a> Information]</a> Crowther, M., Dargan, J., Madani, G., Rus, A., Krockenberger, Cairns, K., Nesbitt, B., Laffan, S., Letnic, M., Crowther, M. M., McArthur, C., Moore, B., Lunney, D., Mella, V. (2021). (2020). Geographic hot spots of dingo genetic ancestry in Comparison of three methods of estimating the population size southeastern Australia despite hybridisation with domestic of an arboreal mammal in a fragmented rural landscape. dogs. Conservation Genetics, 21(1), 77-90. <a Wildlife Research, 48(2), 105-114.
    [Show full text]
  • Discovered and Disappearing? Conservation Genetics of a Recently Named Australian Carnivorous Marsupial
    This may be the author’s version of a work that was submitted/accepted for publication in the following source: Mutton, Thomas, Fuller, Susan, Tucker, David,& Baker, Andrew (2018) Discovered and disappearing? Conservation genetics of a recently named Australian carnivorous marsupial. Ecology and Evolution, 8(18), pp. 9413-9425. This file was downloaded from: https://eprints.qut.edu.au/123092/ c Consult author(s) regarding copyright matters This work is covered by copyright. Unless the document is being made available under a Creative Commons Licence, you must assume that re-use is limited to personal use and that permission from the copyright owner must be obtained for all other uses. If the docu- ment is available under a Creative Commons License (or other specified license) then refer to the Licence for details of permitted re-use. It is a condition of access that users recog- nise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. If you believe that this work infringes copyright please provide details by email to [email protected] License: Creative Commons: Attribution 2.5 Notice: Please note that this document may not be the Version of Record (i.e. published version) of the work. Author manuscript versions (as Sub- mitted for peer review or as Accepted for publication after peer review) can be identified by an absence of publisher branding and/or typeset appear- ance. If there is any doubt, please refer to the published source. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.4376 Received: 6 October 2017 | Revised: 14 March 2018 | Accepted: 15 March 2018 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4376 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Discovered and disappearing? Conservation genetics of a recently named Australian carnivorous marsupial Thomas Y.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomy and Redescription of the Atherton Antechinus, Antechinus Godmani (Thomas) (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae)
    Zootaxa 3670 (4): 401–439 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3670.4.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F2D9DAAB-9E65-4D8C-A330-8972C570ABE8 Taxonomy and redescription of the Atherton Antechinus, Antechinus godmani (Thomas) (Marsupialia: Dasyuridae) ANDREW M BAKER1 & STEVE VAN DYCK2 1Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4001, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] 2Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101, Australia Abstract We provide a taxonomic redescription of the dasyurid marsupial Atherton Antechinus, Antechinus godmani (Thomas). A. godmani is only rarely encountered and limited to wet tropical rainforests of north-east Queensland, Australia, between the towns of Cardwell and Cairns (a distribution spanning 135 kilometres from north to south). The distinctive species occurs at altitudes of over 600 meters asl, in all major rainforest types, and can be found with both the northern subspecies of the Yellow-footed Antechinus, A. flavipes rubeculus Van Dyck and the Rusty Antechinus, A. adustus (Thomas). A. god- mani is clearly separated from all congeners on the basis of both morphometrics and genetics. A. godmani can be distin- guished from all extant congeners based on external morphology by a combination of large size, naked-looking tail and reddish fur on the face and head. A. godmani skulls are characteristically large, with a suite of long features: basicranium, palate, upper premolar tooth row, inter-palatal vacuity distance and dentary. Phylogenies generated from mt- and nDNA data position Antechinus godmani as monophyletic with respect to other members of the genus; A.
    [Show full text]
  • Vale of Belvoir Reserve Supplement Contents Key
    BUSH BLITZ SPECIES DISCOVERY PrOGRAM Vale of Belvoir Reserve Supplement Contents Key Appendix A: Species Lists 3 ¤ = Previously recorded on the reserve and Fauna 4 found on this survey Vertebrates 4 * = New record for this reserve Birds 4 ^ = Exotic/Pest Fishes 5 # = EPBC listed Frogs 5 ~ = TSP listed Putative new species Mammals 6 Previously recorded on the reserve but not found on Reptiles 6 this survey Invertebrates 7 Bees 7 EPBC = Environment Protection and Biodiversity Butterflies and Moths 7 Conservation Act 1999 (Commonwealth) Flies 7 TSP = Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 Beetles 7 (Tasmania) True Bugs 8 Grasshoppers 8 Dragonflies 8 Caddisflies 9 Millipedes 9 Spiders 10 Crustaceans 10 Snails and Slugs 11 Flora 12 Flowering Plants 12 Gymnosperms 13 Ferns and Fern Allies 13 Liverworts 14 Mosses 14 Fungi 15 Appendix B: Rare and Threatened Species 17 Appendix C: Exotic and Pest Species 19 2 Bush Blitz survey report — Tasmania 2010 Appendix A: Species Lists Nomenclature and taxonomy used in this appendix are consistent with that from the Australian Faunal Directory (AFD), the Australian Plant Name Index (APNI) and the Australian Plant Census (APC). Current at April 2012 Vale of Belvoir Reserve Supplement 3 Fauna Vertebrates Birds Family Species Common name Acanthizidae Acanthiza ewingii Tasmanian Thornbill Acanthiza pusilla * Brown Thornbill Acanthornis magna Scrubtit Calamanthus fuliginosus * Striated Fieldwren Sericornis frontalis * White-browed Scrubwren Sericornis humilis * Tasmanian Scrubwren Accipitridae Aquila audax *
    [Show full text]
  • Submission by the Friends of Eastern Otways (Great Otway National Park
    Submission by The Friends of Eastern Otways (Great Otway National Park) Incorporated [FEO (GONP)] to the Environment and Communications References Senate Committee on Faunal Extinction The FEO (GONP) is a community organisation of over 200 members whose area of operation is the Eastern area of the Great Otway National Park. The Friends carry out environmental care activities including weeding, regeneration of native vegetation and flora and fauna monitoring, in collaboration with Parks Victoria. Since 1998, FEO (GONP) has undertaken fauna monitoring in the Eastern Otways. Initially (1998 -2008) hair tubes were employed as animals enter the baited tube they leave hair samples and the animal is identified after analysis of the hair structure. More recently (2009 to 2017) remote, infra-red sensing cameras with attractants to draw native fauna to the camera sites have replaced hair tubes. With camera monitoring, the resultant images enable direct and immediate identification of a wide range of animal species. In the years since we commenced fauna monitoring we have carried out many thousands of hours of monitoring and identified many species of fauna in the area of the Eastern Otways (stretching from Point Addis in the East through Anglesea, Aireys Inlet and Lorne to Kennett River in the west, including the coastal hinterland). We make this submission to draw the committee’s attention to the decline in the number and variety of faunal species we have obtained using our monitoring methods. We would particularly wish to draw the Committee’s attention to the decline in small, native, terrestrial, mammals we have observed. Australia has many small terrestrial mammals: They are important in ecosystems such as found in GONP.
    [Show full text]