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A Description of Buyang Language in China Metcha Sodsongkrit Faculty of Liberal Arts, Ubon Ratchathani University

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A Description of Buyang Language in China Metcha Sodsongkrit Faculty of Liberal Arts, Ubon Ratchathani University µ¦¡¦¦µ£µ¬µ¼o¥´Ä­µµ¦¦´¦³µ¸ Á¤ ­°­ n°§¬ ³«·¨«µ­¦r ¤®µª·¥µ¨´¥°»¨¦µµ¸ ´¥ n° ªµ¤¸ÊεÁ­° o°¤¼¨µ£µ¬µ«µ­¦r °¨»n¤µ·¡´»r¸É¡¼£µ¬µ¼o¥´Ä­µµ¦¦´ ¦³µ¸ ´£µ¬µ«µ­¦r¸´£µ¬µ¸ÊÁȨ»n¤£µ¬µ¡Ä®¤n °¸ ¨³´Ä®oÁÈ­¤µ·Ä¦³¼¨ £µ¬µÄ®n¸-·Á ­µ µ£µ¬µoª -o  £µ¬µÁ° -¥´ ª·¸µ¦«¹¬µÁ¡ºÉ°Á¦¸¥Á¦¸¥ªµ¤¸ÊÁȵ¦ ¨­¦»Â¨³­´Á¦µ³®r o°¤¼¨µ¨µ °´ª·µµ¦¸ÁÈ®¨´ ¨³ª·Á¦µ³®r¦³ÁÈÁºÉ°¤Ã¥´ £µ¬µÅ¥ ¤¸¦³Áȭε´­°Á¦ºÉ° º° 1. o°¤¼¨­´Á Á¸É¥ª´¨»n¤µ·¡´»r¼o¥´ ¨³ 2. µ¦¡¦¦µµ £µ¬µ«µ­¦r ¹É¦³°oª¥ (1) µ¦´Ân¦³¼¨£µ¬µ (2) ¦³Á­¸¥ (3) ¦³Îµ (4) ¦³Åª¥µ¦r ¨³ (5) £µ¬µ·É µµ¦­Îµ¦ª¡ªnµªª·µµ¦£µ¬µ«µ­¦r °Å¥¤¸ o°¤¼¨Á¸É¥ª´£µ¬µ¼o¥´oµÂnŤn¤µ ¸Énµ¤µ´ª·µµ¦Å¥¤¸Ã°µ­«¹¬µ o°¤¼¨£µ¬µ¼o¥´µ¨µ °´£µ¬µ«µ­¦r³ª´ ¨³µ ´£µ¬µ«µ­¦rÅ¥Á¡¸¥Á¨Èo°¥Ánµ´Ê Ân¥´ µÂ¨ o°¤¼¨µ´£µ¬µ«µ­¦r¸ ªµ¤¸Ê¹³Åo εÁ­°¤»¤¤°µ´£µ¬µ«µ­¦r¸Á¡ºÉ°Ä®oÁÈ o°¤¼¨­Îµ®¦´´ª·µµ¦µªÅ¥Åo«¹¬µoªoµÁ¡·É¤Á·¤ ε­Îµ´ ¼o¥´ Á° -¥´ £µ¬µ¦³¼¨Å £µ¬µ³Å A Description of Buyang Language in China Metcha Sodsongkrit Faculty of Liberal Arts, Ubon Ratchathani University Abstract This article is an ethnolinguistic description of the Buyang language which is classified as newly discovered language in China. Chinese scholars have classified Buyang language under Sino- Tibetan language family, Zhuang-Dong branch, Ge-Yang sub-branch. The data from this study is mainly conclusion translated and synthesized from Chinese scholars’ research, then finding a relationship with Thai language. The article presents two main aspects: 1. Buyang ethnic information and 2. Buyang language description which consists of: (1) language classification (2) phonology (3) word system (4) grammar and (5) dialects. From the investigation, there is little data available about Buyang language in Thai linguistics. Previous Thai researchers mostly studied Buyang language information from foreign and some of Thai scholars’ research, but scarcely from Chinese scholars. This article will provide information about Buyang language from Chinese scholars so that Thai scholars are able to conduct further research related to the topic. Keywords: Buyang, Ge-Yang, Tai language family, Kadai languages ĊĕĆčĕĆċėĈþċĕčøĆŋ þĿúĘħ 17 êýĔýúĘħ 2 ( âĆâðĕåĄ - ûĔüĊĕåĄ 2560) JOURNAL OF LIBERAL ARTS 17, 2 (JULY - DECEMBER 2017) 1. ε: o°¤¼¨­´Á Á¸É¥ª´¨»n¤µ ·¡´»r¼o¥´ ¥»¸ 50 ³¦¦¤µ¦¨»n¤o°¥Â®nµ·¸ÅoεÁ·Ã¦µ¦ºÉ° “ »¤»¤­µ¦µ»¦¤ ¦³ÁȨ»n¤o°¥ 5 ¦³µ¦ °³¦¦¤µ¦¨»n¤o°¥Â®nµ·”ljഭᇦ≁င≁᯿䰞仈ӄ ⿽ыҖ Guóji Ɨ mínw Či mínzú wèntí w ԃzh ԁnܳ cón ܳsh njNJ浦¥n°¥Á¦ºÉ° “ ­µ¦µ»¦¤¦·¦¦«r £µ¬µ¨»n¤o°¥ °­µµ¦¦´¦³µ¸” ( ѝഭቁᮠ≁᯿䈝䀰ㆰᘇыҖ Zh ǀnܳܳ uó sh ӽoshù mínzú y ԃyán ji ӽnzhì cón ܳsh nj) ´ÁÈ浦¼¦µµ¦ªµ¤¦¼oÁ¸É¥ª´¨»n¤o°¥Ä¦³Á« ¸É¥·ÉÄ®n¸É­» °¸ Á¦·É¤oεÁ·µ¦´ÊÂn¸ .«. 1953 Ä­nª ° “ ¦·¦¦«r£µ¬µ ° ¨»n¤o°¥ ” Á¦·É¤ÎµÁ·µ¦Ä¸ .«. 1956 浦¥n°¥°ºÉ Ç ÅoÂnljѝഭቁᮠ≁᯿ Zh ǀnܳܳ uó sh ӽoshù mínzú NJ“¨»n¤o°¥ °¸”ljѝഭቁᮠ≁᯿ㆰਢыҖ Zh ǀnܳܳ uó sh ӽoshù mínzú ji ӽnsh ӿ cón ܳsh njNJ“­µ¦µ»¦¤¦·¦¦«r¦³ª´·«µ­¦r¨»n¤o°¥ °¸” ljѝഭቁᮠ≁᯿㠚⋫ ൠᯩᾲߥыҖ Zh ǀnܳܳ uó sh ӽoshù mínzú zìzhì dìf ܤnܳ ܳàikuàn ܳ cón ܳsh njNJ “­µ¦µ»¦¤Á ¦°Á°¨»n¤o°¥ °¸” ¨³ ljѝഭቁᮠ≁᯿⽮Պশਢ䈳ḕ䍴ᯉы࠺ Zh ǀnܳܳ uó sh ӽoshù mínzú shèhuì lìsh ӿ diàochá z Ưliào cón ܳkƗnNJ“­¦¦·¡r o°¤¼¨µ¦­Îµ¦ª¦³ª´·«µ­¦r µ­´¤ °¨»n¤o°¥ °¸” Ä ³¸É¨¡ºÊ¸É­Îµ¦ªÁ¡ºÉ°´Îµ®´­º° “ ¦·¦¦«r£µ¬µ °¨»n¤o°¥ ” ´Ê ³´ª·´¥ÈÅo¡´¨»n¤µ·¡´»r°¸Îµª®¹É¸É¥´Å¤nÅo¦´µ¦¦´¦° µ¦´µ¨Ä®o¤¸­µ³ÁȨ»n¤o°¥ ¨³¥´¡°¸ªnµ£µ¬µ¸É¨»n¤µ·¡´»rÁ®¨nµ¸Ê¡¼ÁÈ£µ¬µ ¸Éo¡Ä® ¤n°¸¤µªnµ 30 £µ¬µ µ£µ¬µ¤¸Îµª¡¼o°¥¤µÅ¤n¹¡´È¤¸ µ£µ¬µ °¥¼nÄ£µª³­¼Å¨oªÈ¤¸ ´´ÊÂn¥»¸ 80 ÁÈo¤µ ³´ª·´¥¹ÅoεÁ·Ã¦µ¦ª·´¥ n°Á ºÉ°µÃ¦µ¦Á·¤ÄºÉ° “ ­¦¦·¡r¦ª¤»µ¦«¹¬µª·´¥£µ¬µ¡Ä®¤nĦ³Á«¸” (ѝഭᯠਁ⧠䈝䀰⹄ウыҖ Zh ǀngguó x Ưn f Ɨxiàn y ԃyán yánji nj cóngsh nj) £µ¬µ¼o¥´¸É¦µ Ä®´­º°Á¦ºÉ° ljᐳཞ䈝⹄ウ Bùy Ɨng y ԃ yánji njNJ“µ¦«¹¬µª·´¥£µ¬µ¼o¥´” ° ®¨¸·É¢µ (Li Jinfang, 2000) ÁÈ®¹ÉÄ 30 £µ¬µ¡Ä®¤n´¨nµª ¼oÁ ¸¥³Åo­¦» ­´Á¦µ³®r¨³ª·Á¦µ³®r o°¤¼¨£µ¬µ¼o¥´Ä®´­º°´¨nµª¦nª¤´Á°­µ¦·Ê°ºÉ¸É¤¸°¥¼nÁ¡ºÉ°Á¦¸¥Á¦¸¥ÁȪµ¤¸Ê ºÉ°Á¦¸¥ ¦³µ¦ ¨³ ·Éµ Á¸É¥ª´ºÉ°Á¦¸¥ ¤¸¦³ÁȸÉnµ­Äº° £µ¬µnµ Ç ¸ÉÁÈ­¤µ·­µ µoª -oÄ ¦³Á«¸°Äo ¤¸ºÉ°Á¦¸¥Á°¸É¤¸¨´¬³¸É­°¨o°´ º° ¤´ÁÈε­°¡¥µr ¡¥µr¦ ÁÈε¸É¤¸ªµ¤®¤µ¥ªnµ “ ” ÂnÁÈ­°¨»n¤ º° ¨»n¤¸ÉÄoεªnµ “ °oµ¥ ” ( Å°o/°nµ¥ /°µ¥ ) ´¨»n¤ ¸ÉÄoεªnµ “ ¼o” /( ¼o/¼/¤¼n/¼n/¡º°) ¨³¡¥µr®¨´ÁȺɰÁ¡µ³ ÂnȤ¸µ­nª¸ÉÄoε°ºÉ ®¦º°Å¤n¤¸Îµ ε®oµ ´¸Ê 161 ĊĕĆčĕĆċėĈþċĕčøĆŋ þĿúĘħ 17 êýĔýúĘħ 2 ( âĆâðĕåĄ - ûĔüĊĕåĄ 2560) JOURNAL OF LIBERAL ARTS 17, 2 (JULY - DECEMBER 2017) “°oµ¥ ” “ ¼o” ε°ºÉ ( ε®oµÂ¨ªnµ “ ”) Ťn¤¸ÎµÎµ®oµ ai3 ma:k8 ¤µ pu4 ݦjui4 ¼o°¸ lak8 kja3 ¨´³ tai2 Å eޮ Á kam1 o ܦƾޮܤu: ż6 oª ݦܨ ai3 କa:m1 µ¤ pou4 ai1 na:n6 Á®¤µ®µ mu6 lam1 ¤¼¨´¤ ܾai1 ±Å¨ (®¨¸) ai ް tހԥnޮ ÁÈ p݁55 lau55 Á°¨µª ai3 sui3 ­»n¥ pu biao ¼nÁ¸¥ª ´¥puo ް ݦja: żޭ ¼o li pu lio ¨³· *®¤µ¥Á®» ­´°´¬¦¸É¦µ¸Ê°oµ°·¤µµ®´­º°¡¦¦µ£µ¬µnµÇ ®¨µ¥Á¨n¤ ¨³µ¼oÁ ¸¥®¨µ¥ εĮo¦³¸ÉÄoŤnÁÈÂÁ¸¥ª´ µ o°¤¼¨ºÉ°Á¦¸¥ °Ánµ¦³¼¨Å oµo ¡°³­´·¬µÅoªnµ ºÉ°Á¦¸¥ “ ¼o¥´” ´Ê εªnµ “ ¼o” Ⱥ°Îµªnµ “ ¼o” ¹É¨ªnµ ­nªÎµªnµ “ ¥´” ÁȺɰÁ¡µ³ Á®¤º°´ºÉ°Á¦¸¥ ¼o°¸ ( °¸) ¼ooª ( oª ) ¼oÅ ( ¼oÅ®¦º°Å ) ¼oÁ¸¥ª ( ¼oÁ¸¥ª®¦º°Á¸¥ª ) εªnµ “ ¼o” Ân¨³£µ¬µ°°Á­¸¥ nµ´Å Án ¼o ¼o ¤¼n ᪠º° ¡´ª Ân»Îµ¨oªÂ¨ªnµ “ ” Á®¤º°´ ®¨¸·É¢µ (Li Jinfang, 2000, p. 1) Ä®o o°¤¼¨Á¸É¥ª´ºÉ°Á¦¸¥ ¦³µ¦ ¨³·Éµ ° µª¼o¥´ ´¸Ê εªnµ “ ¼o¥´” ( ᕸኸ Bùy Ɨng ) ÁÈε¸ÉµªoªÁ¦¸¥¨»n¤µ·¡´»r®¹É¸É°¡¥¡¤µµ¸É°ºÉ ¨³¤¸ ¦¦¤Á¸¥¤ ¦³Á¡¸ ª´¦¦¤µ°¥nµ¨oµ¥¨¹´µªoª ÂnȤ¸µ°¥nµÅ¤nÁ®¤º° ´µªoª µª¼o¥´Á°È¥°¤¦´ºÉ°¸Ê¨³ÄoÁȺɰ¨µÁ¦¸¥µª¼o¥´¸É°µ«´¥°¥¼nÄ¡ºÊ¸Énµ Ç ´Ê®¤oª¥ ­nªµª¼o¥´¸É°µ«´¥°¥¼n¡ºÊ¸Énµ´È¤¸ºÉ°°ºÉ Ç °¸ ´Ê¸ÉÁȺɰÁ¦¸¥´ªÁ°Â¨³ºÉ°¸É ¼o°ºÉÁ¦¸¥ ´¸Ê /ja: ż33 khju ż24/ ÁȺɰ¸ÉµªoªÎµ¨nµÃ¡ ( 㑣ᆜ ⍧ Nàp ǀ xiàn ) Á¦¸¥µª¼o¥´¸É°µ«´¥ °¥¼nİεÁ£°nµÃ¡ £µ¬µ¸Á ¸¥ªnµ ኸ䏤 YƗng qióng ªµ¤®¤µ¥ °ºÉ°¸ÊȺ° µª¼o¥´  /khju ż24/ ­nªµª±´ÉÁ¦¸¥ºÉ°µª¼o¥´¸É°ÎµÁ£°nµÃ¡¸Êªnµ ¼nÁ®¥µ ( ᅵ⍱ Tԃ Yáo “Á®¥µ·É”) Á¸É¥Á®¥µ (摩⍱ Ti Č Yáo “Á®¥µÁ®¨È” ) ¨³ ¨·ÉªÁ®¥µ ( භ⍱ Liù Yáo “Á®¥µ® ”) ­nªµª¼o¥´¸É°ÎµÁ£°nµÃ¡ Á¦¸¥Á°ªnµ /ia33 ܾܧ ż53/ ¨ªnµ “ ¡¼£µ¬µ °´ªÁ° ” /pa33 ha33/ ÁȺɰÁ¦¸¥Á° °µª¼o¥´¸É°µ«´¥°¥¼noµ¥´Á®¨¸¥ °ÎµÁ£°ªnµ®µ (ᗅ༡ኸ 徆 Gu ӽngnán Y Ɨnglián ) Ä£µ¬µ¼o¥´ εªnµ /pa33/ ÁÈεε®oµÁ¦¸¥ ­nªÎµªnµ /ha33/ ¨ªnµ “ ” 162 ĊĕĆčĕĆċėĈþċĕčøĆŋ þĿúĘħ 17 êýĔýúĘħ 2 ( âĆâðĕåĄ - ûĔüĊĕåĄ 2560) JOURNAL OF LIBERAL ARTS 17, 2 (JULY - DECEMBER 2017) oµ¦³µ¦Â¨³·Éµ µª¼o¥´³´Ê·É¸É°¥¼n°µ«´¥¦ª¤´ª´Á¡µ³¨»n¤ Ťn³´ ¨»n¤µ·¡´»r°ºÉ o°¤¼¨µ¦­Îµ¦ª­Îµ¤³Ã¦³µ¦¸ 1994 ¤¸Îµª¦³µ¦µª¼o¥´°µ«´¥°¥¼nÄ ¡ºÊ¸É¤¨¥¼µÂ¨³¤¨ªnµ¸¦³¤µ 2,000 ¦³µ¥Ä¦·Áªnµ Ç ´¸Ê ¡ºÊ¸É¤¨¥¼µ ¤¸»¤µª¼o¥´¸Éoµ¥´Á®¨¸¥ ε¨¸ÉÁ®ª¥ °ÎµÁ£°ªnµ®µ ¤¨¥¼µ ( ப༡┬ᗅ༡ ⍧ᗏᅿ ḉኸ徆ᮧ Yúnnán sh Čng Gu ӽngnán xiàn D ӿwéi xi Ɨng YƗnglián cnjn) ¤¸ 88 ¦°¦´ª ¦³µ¦¦³¤µ 500 oµ°µÁ­n° ε¨¸ÉÁ®ª¥ °ÎµÁ£° ªnµ®µ ¤¨¥¼µ ( ப༡┬ᗅ༡⍧ᗏᅿ ḉᏳ⯊ᮧ Yúnnán sh Čng Gu ӽngnán xiàn D ӿwéi xi Ɨng Ɩnsh Č c njn) ¤¸ 20 ¦°¦´ª ¦³µ¦¦³¤µ 100 »¤µª¼o¥´¸ÉÄ®n¸É­» ° ¤¨¥¼µ°¥¼n¸É “ »¤¼o¥´” ( ᕸኸᑁ Bù y Ɨng zhài ) ´Ê°¥¼nÄ¡ºÊ¸É°ÎµÁ£°¢¼®·n ε¨¼n¨µ (ப༡┬ᐩᏬ⍧㇂ᢼ ḉ Yúnnán sh Čng Fùníng xiàn G ԃlƗ xi Ɨng ) ÅoÂn oµÁ°q°» ( ᓚᮧ É c njn) oµ¼o» (ᮭᮧ Dùc njn) oµÁq°®¨ (⪅潁 Zh Člóng ) oµnµqµ (㑣㎹ Nàdá ) oµ®¨nµ ( 潁乛 Lóngnà ) oµ®¤nµªoµ (樔峗 Mӽguàn ) oµ®¨µÁ¸Ê¥ (㑻ᯫ Lángjià ) oµÁ¸É¥®¨µ (ᛕ㑻 Niànláng ) ¨³oµÁ¥ª¸¥·Ê (乎㏆ Yu Ɲjìn ) ¤¸¦³µ¦¦³¤µ 1,000 ¡ºÊ¸É¤¨ªnµ¸ ¤¸»¤µª¼o¥´°¥¼n¸É°ÎµÁ£°nµÃ¡ Á ¦°Á°µªoªªnµ¸ (ᗅすኊ᪘⮬἞༊㑣ᆜ ⍧ Gu ӽngxi Zhuàngzú Zìzhìq nj Nàp ǀ xiàn ) Ã¥¦³µ¥°¥¼nÄ®¤¼noµnµ Ç ÅoÂn »¤®¨Á®° ( 潁ྜḉ Lónghé ) ¨³oµ®¦» ( Ⲱᒡ Róngtún ) ¦ª¤Îµª¦³µ¦ ­°®¤¼noµ¸Ê¦³¤µ 300 »¤Ã¡Á®° ( ᆜⲴ Pǀ hé ) ¤¸µª¼o¥´°µ«´¥°¥¼n 3 ®¤¼noµ º° oµnµÁ®° ( ၿྜ Shànhé ) oµ®¥n°µ ỌᏳ (Yԁng' Ɨn) oµ´Éª µn ᯝᢕ (Gu ԁbӽ) ¦ª¤Îµª ¦³µ¦ ¦³¤µ 100 Á¡ºÉ°ªµ¤Á®¤µ³­¤Äµ¦´µ¦¦° ¦´µ¨¸´µª¼o¥´¸É°ÎµÁ£°¢¼®·n ¨³°ÎµÁ£° ªnµ®µ ¤¨¥¼µÄ®oÁÈ­¤µ· °¨»n¤o°¥µªoª ¨³´µª¼o¥´¸É°ÎµÁ£°nµÃ¡ ¤¨ªnµ¸Ä®oÁÈ­¤µ·¨»n¤o°¥µªÁ®¥µ ÁºÉ°µ¤¸oµ¨»¤®´ª¨oµ¥´µªÁ®¥µ 1 ¦³ª´·«µ­¦r µª¼o¥´¸É´Ê·ÉµÄ¡ºÊ¸Énµ Ç ´¤¸ÎµµÁ¦ºÉ°Á¨nµÁ¸É¥ª´¦³ª´·«µ­¦r °»¤ ¨³ °¨»n¤µ·¡´»rÂnµ´Å Ân´Ê®¤¨oª¥°¤¦´¦´ªnµµªoªÁÈÁoµ °¡ºÊ¸É °¥¼nn° ­nªÁ°Â¨³µª±´ÉÁȨ»n¤¸É°¡¥¡Á oµ¤µ£µ¥®¨´ µª¼o¥´¸É°ÎµÁ£°nµÃ¡ ( ¤¨ ªnµ¸) Á¨nµ­ºn°´¤µªnµ¦¦¡»¦»¬ °Á°°¡ ¥¡¤µµ ¼Á¸Ê¥ µª¼o¥´¸É°ÎµÁ£°¢¼n®· (¤¨¥¼µ ) Á¨nµ´ªnµ¦¦¡»¦»¬ °Á°°¡¥¡¤µµªnµ ¦³®ªnµµ¸É°¡¥¡¨oª 1 o°¤¼¨¦³ª´·«µ­¦r ¦³Á«¦¬·­´¤ ¦¦¤Á¸¥¤¦³Á¡¸ ª´¦¦¤ «µ­µÂ¨³ªµ¤ÁºÉ° ¼oÁ ¸¥ ­¦»¤µµ®´­º°£µ¬µ¸Á¦ºÉ° ljᐳཞ䈝⹄ウNJ “µ¦«¹¬µª·´¥£µ¬µ¼o¥´” (Li Jinfang, 2000, pp.
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