a) Mitogenomic phylogeny

Manis javanica Nandinia binotata Paguma larvata hermaphroditus Genetta servalina Viverricula indica Civettictis civetta tangalunga nigripes Urva javanica fossana Mungotictis decemlineata Proteles cristata cristataTS307 Proteles cristata septentrionalis NMS Z 2018 54 Crocuta crocuta Hyaena hyaena Parahyaena brunnea FD126 Prionodon pardicolor nebulosa tigris Panthera onca Panthera uncia Panthera leo Panthera pardus tigrinus Leopardus geoffroyi Leopardus guigna Leopardus colocolo Leopardus jacobita Leopardus pardalis Leopardus wiedii marmorata badia Catopuma temminckii jubatus concolor Puma yagouaroundi rufus Lynx lynx Lynx canadensis Lynx pardinus Leptailurus caracal Profelis aurata rubiginosus Prionailurus planiceps Prionailurus bengalensis Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus Prionailurus viverrinus Otocolobus manul chaus Felis nigripes Felis margarita Felis catus Felis silvestris Chrysocyon brachyurus venaticus Lycaon pictus Cuon alpinus latrans Canis anthus Canis lupus cinereoargenteus Otocyon megalotis megalotis TS305 Otocyon megalotis virgatus FMNH158128 procyonoides lagopus Vulpes corsac Vulpes ferrilata Vulpes vulpes T3611 Vulpes zerda melanoleuca Arctodus simus Arctotherium sp Tremarctos ornatus Outgroup (Manidae) Melursus ursinus Helarctos malayanus americanus Ursus thibetanus Nandinidae Ursus spelaeus Ursus arctos Ursus maritimus Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus Callorhinus ursinus Eumetopias jubatus californianus Herpestidae pusillus Arctocephalus forsteri Arctocephalus townsendi cinerea Phocarctos hookeri schauinslandi Mirounga leonina Hyaenidae Lobodon carcinophaga Hydrurga leptonyx Leptonychotes weddellii Erignathus barbatus Prionontidae Cystophora cristata fasciata Phoca groenlandica Phoca largha Phoca vitulina Halichoerus grypus caspica Pusa hispida Pusa sibirica Ailurus_fulgens Ursidae Conepatus chinga mephitis Spilogale putorius nasua Odobenidae lotor Taxidea taxus Arctonyx collaris Otariidae meles Meles anakuma Meles leucurus Martes pennanti Phocidae Gulo gulo Martes flavigula Martes foina Martes americana Martes melampus Martes martes Martes zibellina Melogale moschata Enhydra lutris cinereus perspicillata lutra Lutra sumatrana Mustela frenata Neovison vison Mustela kathiah Mustela erminea Mustela altaica Mustela nivalis Bootstrap supports < 70 Mustela itatsi Mustela sibirica Mustela nigripes Mustela eversmannii Mustela putorius b) Patristic distances for COX1 and CYTB genes

COX1 3657 individuals CYTB Divergence Polymorphism

6159 individuals Divergence Polymorphism

0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.000.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 0.00 0.2 0.4 0.6 Polymorphism Divergence