NO INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT, WiLL BE PUBLISHED WITHOUT- PRIOR AUTHORITY FROM THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS
ANNUAL REPORT
COVERING MILITARY ACTIVITIES
OF THE
CORPS OF ENGINEERS
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1941 ANNUAL REPORT
COVERING IHLITARY ACTIVITIES
OF THE
CORPS OF ENGINEERS
FOR THE
FISCAL YEAR ENDING JUNE 30, 1941.
SUBMITTED
TO THE
CHIEF OF ENGINEERS
BY
BRIGADIER GENERAL JOHN J. KINGMAN
ASSISTANT TO THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS
OFFICE, CHIEF OF ENGINEERS
42/261 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section I - Personnel: Page
Par. 1 Expansion of Corps of Engineers 1 2 Commissioned Officers 5 3 Warrant Officers 8 4 Enlisted Personnel, Corps of Engineers 9 5 Expansion of Personnel Section, O.C.E. 10
.Section II - Intelligence:
Par. 6 General 25 7 Domestic Mapping Branch 25 8 Geodetic Branch 31 9 Information Branch 31 10 Foreign Map Branch 32
Section III - Operations and Training:
Par. 11 Regular Army 33 12 Tables of Organization 36 13 National Guard 36 14 Organized Reserves 38 15 R.O.T.C. 39 16 Training Publications 41 17 Education 42 18 Equipment 48 19 Camouflage 50 20 Activities of the Engineer Board 50
Section IV ■ - Supply:
Par. 21 General 52 22 Requirements 52 23 Procurement 53 24 -Storage and Issue . 54 25 Electric Power Survey 58 26 Research and Development 58 27 Financial Statement 62
Section V - Fortification:
Par. 28 Plans and Development 69 29 Design and Operations 70
Section VI • - Railway:
Par. 30 Railway Information 77 31 Railway Plans 77 32 Railway Equipment 78 33 711th Engineer Battalion (Railway Operating) 78 34 Defense Aid 79 SECTION I - FENSONHEL
1; Expansion of Corps,of Engineers.
a. The past year has mitnessed an unusual expansion of the Corps of Engineers under the national Defense emergency program* The declared limited emergency made it inadvisable to set in motion the normal mar- time mobilisation plan mhich had been developed since 1920 but to pro¬ vide instead a Protective Mobilisation Plan* 1941* especially designed and progressively developed to establish an adequate national defense in viem of the current international situation. Normal mobilization plans for the Corps of Engineers provided that the additional regular Army officers required for the planned increase in troop units mould be met in part by drastic reduction in the number of officers assigned to military and public construction mork. For example, it mas possible during the last mar'to reduce the number of regular Army officers as¬ signed to river and Harbor mork from 71 in April, 1917 to only 11 in October, 1913. Comparable reduction mas not possible during the past year because, at the same time that a 1160 per cent expansion in Engi¬ neer troop units mas in progress, unusual additional demands mere made on the Corps of Engineers as outlined belom:
"(l) Over fivefold increase in amount of.construction of mili¬ tary and public vxorks charged to the Corps of Engineers.
(2) Increased demands for trained officers of the Corps of Engineers to assist other arms and services In their 'part of the national defense program.
(3) Increased demands for personnel for "Branch Immaterial11 assignments such as the .,ar Department General ^taff, General Staff mith troops, Corps Area Service Commands, and foreign missions and observers.
(4) Increased demands for personnel to assist other Federal agencies such as the Department of Labor, Civil Aeronautics Adminis¬ tration, The Panama Canal, and District of Columbia Commissioners.
b. Increase^in Persorinel.
The figures belom shorn the total increase in personnel on active duty in the Corps of Engineers during the period indicated:
-1- ; OFFICERS 3 III LIS TED LIEN i T-T n i | R.A. . | P.C-. j Res. ■J.O. i R.A. ! i i• or • F .3. 1 .1 ... ’ ■ 1 1 1 1 1 1 ' 1 July 1, 1940 j ”810 0 |***44 12 9,654 0 319
September 1, 1941 j **-866 634 j4,203 Orv 61,500 840 16,341 * Includes 4 Philippine Scouts. ** Includes 3 Philippine Scouts. -:B;-X- of this number, 24 are on one year active duty under the provisions of the Thomason Act.
Figures for September 1, 1941, are shown because it was not until that date that all Engineer units under the Protective mobilization Plan,' 1941, were activated.
£. Troop Unit^Iicpansion^..
(l) In Army troop unit expansion, the percentage increase in enlisted personnel of the Corps of Engineers is greater than that of other combat branches and of the Army as a .whole. In the present ex¬ pansion, the percentage increase of the Corps of Engineers is more than twice that of the Array as a whole:
ENLISTED STRENGTH, TROOPS U.3. ( ONLY Branch June 1936 June 194.1 ! 'jo Increas
Corps of Engineers | 3>477 40,349 1 1,160 Infantry j ! 36,110 124,146 1 345 Field Artillery i 16,155 69,365 | 428 Coast Artillery Corps 8,129 64,768 ! 797 Cavalry 9,170 22,374 ; 249 Army as a v:hole 87,881. ! 481,020 ! 548
(2) In Nov. 191C, Engineer Enlisted strength was 8.3% of the Army In June 1939, Engineer Enlisted strength was 3.3m of the Army In June 1941, Engineer Enlisted strength was 7.0,8 of the Army
(3) A comparison of the number of Engineer units of different types for June 1939 and September 1941 follows: •
-2- ! Number in Existence Type of Unit f June wmo SepCrTr'BTf Sediments (C)(SqDiv) 3 21 Regiments (C) (Corps) • 2 9 Regiments (GS) 7 Regiments (Avn) 1 1 Regiment (Avn)(-1 Bn) 1 Battalions (Hegt (c))(Sq Div) 1 Battalions (Armd Div) 4
Battalions (Top) Army 2 2' Battalions (C)(Tri Div) 7 10 Battalions (Hv Pon) 6 Battalions (Sep) 8 Battalions (Avn)(Sep) 6 Battalions (./ Sup) 1 Battalions (Cam)(Army) 1 Battalions (Park) 1 Battalions (Ry Op) 1 Squadrons 1 1 Troops (Squadron) 1 1 Troops (llech) 1 Companies (Top Bn) GHQ >1 Companies (Lt Pon) 1 8 Companies (Top)(Corps) .2 5 Companies (Dep) 5 Companies (C)(Sep) 1 3 Companies (Shop) 2 Companies (Avn)(Sep) 3 Companies (D Tk) o Total Units 23
(4) The organization and expansion of the GHQ Air Force, now the Air Force Combat Command, the Armored Force, and the nucleus of the, GHQ have required Engineer personnel.
d. Const rue tion_.[ork Expansion. ,
(1) ihile this increase in the Corps of Engineers for strictly troop units has been taking place under the expansion program, the demands upon the Corps for other v;ork has increased rather than decreased. Some of the added work is listed below:
Survey and construction of Atlantic Island Bases.
Survey and construction of additional air corps bases in Alaska*
-3- Transfer from The Quartermaster Corps of the survey and construction of all new Air Corps posts except those in Fanama.
Survey and construction of air fields for the Civil Aeronautics Administration.
(2) Fivefold increase in the amount of construction work charge to the Corps of Engineers is shown by the comparative figures below:
Average amount of funds allotted annually to the Corps of Engineers for construction of military and public■works for FY 1936 to 1940, inclusive. 213,657,000
Including public works, the Corps of Engi¬ neers has now been charged with emergency defense construction as indicated:
divers and Harbors and flood Control funds in hand § 357,586,761
Added National Defense Construction: Rivers and Harbors . . 3 29,000,000 Seacoast Fortifications , 42,360,505 Atlantic Island Bases ...... 141,073,461 Alaska (netlakatla, Yakutat, Alaskan Ry). . . 9,352,471 Civil Aeronautics Administration (Airport Const). 35,804,204 Air Corps Construction (Transferred to Corps. of Engineers from Quartermaster Corps) . 572,293,354 Total 01,187,476,756
e. Assi_stanee_to other Arms__andJ5ei'vices.
• (1) During the period July 1, 1940, to September 1, 1941, the Corps of Engineers has furnished commissioned personnel to other arms and services as indicated below:
■ Regular Army ; Reserve
Transferred I 6 ; 187
Detailed 19 978 (2) Officers assigned to duties in connection with National Defense but not under the control of the Chief of Engineers:
(a) Regular Army:
DUTY
Duties in connection yjjth No. Officers National Defense: Assigned
1. Office, Under Sec. of 17ar 5 2. War Department General Staff 11 3. General Staff with Troops 6 4. Office, Quartermaster General 8 5. Instructors, U.S.l'.A. 11 6. Instructors, C.4G.3.S. 3 7. Foreign missions 2 8. Detail to other Branches 12 9. Bureau , of Public Relations Total...... 59
(b) Reserve Officers: 1531
f. Assistance to £ther Federal Agen£ie_s£
t?i\ Offi np-pQ Assigned
1. Dept, of Labor, Rages & Hours 1 2. Panama Canal Civil Govern¬ ment 7 3. Civil Aeronautics Admin¬ istration 2 4. District of Columbia Commissioners 1 Total.' 11
2. Commissioned Officex^s.
a. Nebular Armyu_
(1) Comparison by grade at termination of Fiscal Year 1940 and 1941:
-5- j Gens. • Cols. Lt. Cols.; Iiajs. ;Capts•!j 1st Lts.i 2nd Lts.; ;Total 111 ,ni ,4 1 t 1 1 ' i S " '• ‘ "" " ' 1 1 : July 1, 1940 1 4 ; 45 j 56 ; 117 ; 237 199 I 152 i 8io* \ ; June 30, 1941 i 16 62 1 135 s 200 238 ’ 1 105 j 98 : 854*
* Includes 4 Philippine Scouts.
(2) Changes in the Corps of Engineers Regular Amy since last Fiscal Year:
GAINS:
Graduates of U.S.L1.A., Class 1941 49 Appointed under Provisions of Thomason Act 7 Honor Graduates from R.O.T.C 4 Transfers from other Branches. 2 Total. 62
LOOOIJO :
Retirements ...... 6 Transfers to other Branches...... 6 Deaths ...... 6 Total...... 18
(3) Table I at end of this Section shows distribution of Regular Army officers as of September 1, 1941.
(4) The rapid expansion required the recall to limited active duty of retired officers. Table II at end of this Section shows distri¬ bution of these officers as of September 1, 1941.
(5) The unusual expansion of the Corps of Engineers required the announcement of minimum allotments of Regular Army officers to units and establishments. These minimum allotments are shown below:
Minimum Allotment Unit or Establishment Regular Army Officers T~ < Office, Chief of Engineers i 39 Engineer, Hq. Air Force Combat Command 2 Engineer, Hq. Armored Force 1 Engineer Section, General Headquarters 3 Engineer, Hqs. Armored Corps
-6- ; 'iaimum Allotment Unit or Establishment, (cont'd) i-te :gular Army Officers
Engineer, Hqs. Air Forces 1 Engineer, Hqs. Armies 1 Engineer, Hqs. Army Corps 1 Regiments, Combat and General Service (U. o.) 6 Regiments, Combat and General Service (F. s.) 10 Regiments, Aviation (U.S.) 13 Battalions, all types except Separate (u. 3.) 4 Battalions, all types except Separate (F. 3.) 5 Companies, all types 1 Battalions, Separate 3 River A. Harbor Divisions and Districts 176 R.O.T.C. 13 Engineer School and Detachment 18 Post, Fort Belvoir 3 River and Harbor Board. 2 Engineer Board . 12 Engineer Reproduction Plant 2 U.S.IN.A. Detachment 1 Replacement Training Centers 21 Engineer, Hawaiian Department 1 Engineer, Hawaiian Air Force 1 Engineer, Panama Canal Department 3 Engineer, Philippine Department 2 Engineer, Puerto Rican Department 2 Engineer, Alaskan Defense Command 1
b. Notional Guard:
Table III at end of this Section shows distribution as of September 1, 1941, of Engineer National Guard officers inducted into the Federal Service.
c. Reserve:
Table IV at end of this Section shows distribution as of August 1, 1941,. of Engineer Reserve officers on extended active duty or for whom orders were in process.
d. Temper ary, _Promo_tioni Regular Arrays
Temporary promotions of Regular Army officers during the Fiscal Year were made in the numbers indicated below:
-7- From 2nd Lieut, to 1st Lieut. , .,, 104 From 1st Lieut, to Captain. . . . . 2Q6 From Captain to . lajor 98 From I lajor to Lieut. Col. . . 36 From Lt. Col. to Colonel...... 32 From 1.a j or to Colonel. 1 From Lt. Col. to Brig. Gen. ... 1 From Colonel to Brig. Gen. ; . . 11
00 e. iixi.e£sion of_Teurs_of Active_Duty and Replacement ef_R®s®rXe Officers^. ~
(1) Present War Department policy requires that of the number of Reserve officers on active duty as of July 1, 1941, the per¬ centages indicated below will be relieved from further active duty upon completion of their present tours ana replaced by others called to active duty from civil life.
On duty with troop units of the Field Forces, U. S. only 50;a On Foreign Service . 0$ On duty with Corps Area Service Commands ...... 255> On duty with War- Department Overhead Installations . . . . . 25/J On duty in connection with Construction ...... 0$
(2) The extension of tours of active duty of Reserve offi¬ cers is further restricted by the recent establishment of the age limits ;rade shown below:
Grade 'With Troops Not 'With Troops
Colonel 55 60 Lt. Col. 52 58 Raj or 47 54 Captain 42 50 1st Lieut. 35 47 2nd Lieut. 30 45
(*) Noneffective since December 8, 1941.
3. Warrant Officers.
The following is a statement of the number of Warrant Officers assigned to the Corps of Engineers during the Fiscal Year:
On June 30, 1940 ...... 12 On June 30, 1941 ...... 8
-8- 4 Unlisted Personnel, Corps of Engineers♦
a. Strength^
The follov-ing is a statement of the enlisted strength of the. Corps of Engineers during the, fiscal year:
(l) Authorized Strength:
( I June 30, | June 30-, | 1940 4} 1941 ; i ' ! Regular Army i 10,885 i 46,234 Philippine Scouts i 322 | 846 National Guard, U.S. i 0 ! 16,366 ! Total • 11,20? i 63j 44S
(2) Actual strength at beginning of fiscal year:
Regular Army - 9,654 Philippine Scouts - 319 Total .. 9,973
(3) Actual strength at end of fiscal year, including Selectees
Regular Army (S.S. 35,702) 52,772 Philippine Scouts 840 National Guard U.S (S.S. 4,985) 15,467 Total 69,079
b. The following is a statement shor.dng tlie authorized strength actual strength, and net gain in Piaster and Technical Sergeants in the Corps of Engineers during the Fiscal Year:
1 l ! Authorized A.ctual ! : Net Gain at End j i of F.Y. 1941 1 , : Hr Sgt 1 Tech Sgt hr Sgt • Tech Sgtj Hr.Sgt ; Tech Sgt June 30, 1940 ! ! 6 106 65 ; 106 : 5 ! : | j (White) 1 s , 1 | 1 June 30, 1941 | 247 j 363 247 j 363 182 | 257 (jhite) i I * June 30, 1941 i 11 | 14 : ; 11 i 14 [ 11 j 14 (Colored) 1 1 j jS j! 1 . J ! . . . i - i- ...... ; Total me 6/3O/41I 258 j 377 j | 258 j 377 ! ■ 193 ; 271 £. Appointment authority of the Chief of Engineers to the grades of master and technical sergeants in the Corps of Engineers ’was suspended, effective July 1, 1941, except that the Chief of Engineers may appoint temporary roaster and technical sergeants during the period July 1, 1941, to September 15, 1941, inclusive, after ’which the decentralized promotion system will go into effect and the appointing authority will be as pre¬ scribed in TJar Department Circular No. 72, April 16, 1941, as amended by War Department Circular No. 122, June 23, 1941.
5. Expansion of Personnel Section, O.C.E.
‘ a. The twelvefold expansion in Engineer troop units and the five¬ fold increase in construction activities of the Corps of Engineers have required a corresponding increase in the work of the Personnel Section, Office of the Chief of Engineers.
(1) Appointments, assignments, reassignments, travel orders, classifications, reclassifications, transfers, promotions and separations greatly increased.
(2) The records of promotions and assignments of over 8,000 Reserve officers and of 634 National Guard officers, Corps of Engineers, ^vere accumulated and checked.
(3) Efficiency reports of all Reserve officers on active duty and of all National Guard officers, Corps of Engineers, were received in this office for the first time and extracts made.
(4) Qualification questionnaires mailed, returned and records made of all commissioned personnel, Regular Army, National Guard, and Reserve.
(5) Biannual "Station List and Statement Showing Rank, Duties, and Addresses of the Officers of the Corps of Engineers" greatly en¬ larged due to addition of Retired, National Guard, and Reserve personnel.
b. Increased work required reorganisation and expansion of the Personnel Section as indicated below:
(1) The establishment of new Subsections for: National Guard Officers; Statistics.
(2) The establishment of a Machine Record Branch of the Statistic subsection, ’when fully operating, will be able to furnish:
Lists of personnel with any desired qualifications as to grade, age, marital status, civil or military oc¬ cupation including experience therein, efficiency
-10- co |o signed tothePersonnelSection: . Thetablebelov:shovstheincreaseinpersonnel,militaryand Reserve Officers Regular ArmyOfficers Civilian Employees Noncommissioned Officers rating, facilityinforeignlanguages,graduation from civilandmilitaryschools,eligibilityfor foreign servicejrostersofunitsorestablishments. -1 July 1,1940June30>1941 9 1 1 0 30 1 2 5 TABLE I
DISTRIBUTION OF COMMISSIONED OFFICERS (REGULAR ARMY) BY ASSIGNMENT t GRADE AS 'OF SEPTEMBER 1, 1941
Assignment Maj.Gens. Brig.Gens. Cols. Lt.Cols. Majors Capts. 1st Its. 2nd Lts. Total
Office, Chief of Engineers' 4 o 18 5 39 Board of Engineers for ^ 1 1 2 Rivers and Harbors 1 The Engineer Board 4 6 11 a a (A~ /\ ~-6 Engineer Reproduction ^' 1 2 Plant Rivers, Harbors and 16 34 49 40 148 i Fortifications Engineer Depots 1 1 Procurement Planning y' 2 5 X Duty in Nicaragua 1 1 Air Force Engineers-ts 3 4 ■ /} ■ F VYH I J-j ? Ik H >f i /V Air Force Combat! Corrimandv /9-.C O )' 1 3 .sion Engineer, 2nd 1 1 Cavalry Division Corps Engineerf fg&St y"' Armored Corns ' TAIJLF I (cent hi) DTGTIUBWTT.UN OF ComSGl'ONED OFFICERS (JilbOUIAR AUI.’Y) Ik AGGIGir ENT GRADE AO OF GEITEFfsER 1, I9//1 Aunj.pnmenb Haj.Genu. Britf-Guno. (Jolt!. Lb.Cola. Major:; Capba. lab Lb:;. 2nd .Lb; Tobal JJJ-LX L_J_AL Eiif'ineor, Armored Forcc-t" 1 <( VVk-1 })\y ■ Armored Force Hoplacemenb 1 Gen ber En/pLnoera, Army'' 4 A Engineer a, Army Corp» 7 9 SbalT and Faculty, En- IS ('ineer School v7 •/ 77 H yJ H1 Faculby, Inl’anbry School ‘ VO 1 I Faculty, Cavalry School 1 Rnpinooi* School Datuchmupb / 1 2 1 4 / h / h, .<,./.>. AM/' * * TROUP urirrs, UNITED STATUS: , 16 Uu^imonLo 3 15 19 37 19 37 130 36 Babbaliono 9 34 30 41 41 175 21 s Companion ;; 23 3 3 31 0 2f * V.SSquadron:;' ^ ’.A' A A.k yj A l t J 1 4 1 8 7 /// //.’^ * l’otib Ileadquarbor;;, Gballon 1 3 Complement;, Ford/ Helve i.r, Va. TABLE I (cont'd) DISTRIBUTION OF CO'MISSIONED OFFICERS (REGULAR ARI.T) BY ASSIGNMENT L GRADE AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 1941. Assignment Maj.Gens. Brig.Gens. Cols. Lt.Cols. Majors Captains 1st Lts. 2nd Lts. Total Engineer Replacement t"'’ 1 1 14 8 1 25 Training Center, Fort Belvoir, Va. Engineer Replacement ^ 1 14 7 2 1 25 Training Center, Ft. Leonard Wood, Mo. i PANAMA. CANAL DEPARTMENT L- -_r CM l Regiment r, 1 14 9 2 .17 jjj 1 Battalion 1 1 2 Department Headquarters 1 1 2 & Fortifications HAWAIIAN DEPARTMENT: i—- 2 Regiments, 1 2 1 5 7 6 22 ’ 1 Battalion 2 1 2 5 Department Headquarters . 1 1 Engineer, Hawaiian Air u/ 1 1 Force Rivers, Harbors and i 1 1 1 3 Fortifications r ^ , , f - t\. 7 PHILIPPINE DEPARTMENT: (a ■ ' )/ 1 Regiment 1 5 3 3 12 TABLE I (cont'd) DISTRIBUTION OF CO: "IISSIOHLD OFFICERS (REGULAR ARMY) BY ASSIGN' ENT & GRAfiE AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 1941 Assignment Haj.Gens. Brig.Gens. Cols. Lt.Cols. Majors Capts. 1st hts. 2nd Lts. Total f: "h> 1 .•Gomparrrjr1 1 Department Headquarters *•" 1 5 and Fortifications PUERTO RIGAN DEPART!BINT: ^ 2 8 1 Battalioni~- / ^ 1 Company c- 1 1 Department Headquarters A-- 1 3 i H l'^ALASKA: /Up,f ( ? ^ BattalionJ' C 5 1 8 I v \ 2 Companies^ 2 1 3 x--^ Jjd -On—LeaKe-af-Ahsence Q 3 f/JXwK RAN'?-' War Department General Staff (A -/*•*JL 1 rff*, 4 3 11 4*—— 1, l 6 General Staff With Troops "" ^ Ojrvyw^ SV- . 4 2 Duty *with General Head- ^ quarters, Washington, D.C. 1 1 1 3 R. 0. T. C. £~ 3 7 8 9 27 C. & G. S. School^ Staff «-»" 2 1 3 & Faculty TABLE I (cont'd) DISTRIBUTION OF COMMISSIONED OFFICERS (REGULAR ARMY) BY ASSIGMEMT GRADE AS OF SEPTE■ IBER 1, 1941 Office, Under Secretary of War u--' l 5 Panama Canal Civil Govern- ^ merit . 1 7 District of Columbia I Lx' H Government 1 0 1 Air Corps Flying Training ^ 8 8 -Ai-r—Corps' Flying Training”-"-■ 2 2 / ‘Q 4 ty C Ji/M' ■i 4 J < Detailed with Inspector General's Dept,. 1—" 2 Detailed with Ordnance 1 Detailed with Judge , Advocate General's Dept. United States Military Mission to Brazil JOin-Buty^;n«-0‘ffi-Ge-»-oIfMj;’flLe -Quart ermas-ter-JGene ral TABLE I (cont'd) DISTRIBUTION OF COMMISSIONED OFFICERS (REGULAR ARMY) BY ASSIGNMENT & GRADE , AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 1941. Assignment Maj.Gens. Brig.Gens. Cols. Lt.Cols. Majors Capts. 2nd Lts. 1st Lts. Total Assistant -,to-dAireotor, 1 1 ^ Bureau- of-"Publl’‘5“' Relations'- Commanding General, Port 1 1 of Embarkation for San Francisco. Fort lason, Calif. Coifimanding GerieraT,' First 1 1 , - Corps Area"" ' ' “ ’ ' ' i ,,-71// n' TABLE II RETIRED OFFICERS RECALLED TO ACTIVE DUTY AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 1941 Distribution Cols. Lt.Cols. ; iajors Captains 1st Lts. 2nd Lts, Total Rivers and Harbors 9 4 3 *1 17 Engr. Commissioner, D. C. 1 1 Corps Area Staffs 3 1 1 5 Office, Q.M.G. 1 1 Depot 1 1 ' R.O.T.C. 2 2 Special Duty, O.C.E. 1 1 2 Asst. Dept. Engineer, 1 1 Hawaiian Dept, Panama Civil Government 1 1 Totals 15 2 10 3 1 31 This Officer is a former Medical Corps Officer TABLE III NATIONAL GUARD OFFICERS INDUCTED INTO FEDERAL SERVICE AS OF SEPTEZBER 1, 1941- Colonels Lt. Cols. Majors Captains 1st Lts. 2nd Lts. Total 101st Engr. Regt., 1 3 13 7 14 38. Camp Edwards, Mass. 102nd Engr. Regt., 1 1 2 14 7. 13 38 Fort McClellan, Ala. 103rd Engr. Regt., 1 1 2 7 ■ 7 10 28 Indiantowi Gap, Pa. 104th Engr. Regt., 1 “1x . 2 10 10 3 27 Fort Dix, N. J. 105th Engr. Regt., 1 1 2 12 11 6 33 Fort Jackson, S. C. 106th Engr. Regt., , 1 1 2 13 10 10 37 Camp Blanding, Fla. 107th Engr. Regt., 1 1 2 12 8 24 Camp Livingston, La. 108th Engr. Regt., 1 1 4 14 7 35 Camp Forrest, Tenn. 109th Engr. Regt., 1 1 2 14 13 9 40 Camp Claiborne, La. 1 110th Engr. Regt., 1 J- 2 13 7 5 29 Camp Robinson, Ark. TABLE III (cont'd) NATIONAL GUARD OFFICERS INDUCTED INTO FEDERAL SERVICE AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 1941. Colonels Lt. Cols. Majors Captains 1st Lts. 2nd Lts. Total 111th Engr. Regt., 14 11 8 37 Camp Borne, Tex. 112th Engr. Regt., 13 5 6 28 Camp Shelby, Miss. 113th Engr. Regt., 13 6 24 Camp Shelby, Miss. i 0 115th Engr. Regt., 11 7 37 1 15 Camp San Luis Obispo, Cal. 116th Engr. Regt., 12 9 6 32 Fort Lems, Wash. 118th Engr. Regt., 1 12 5 6 28 Camp Blanding, Fla. 120th Engr. Regt., 1 10 11 32 Camp Barkeley, Tex. 121st Engr. Regt., 1 14 9 10 36 Fort Geo. G. Meade, Md. 130th Engr. Regt., (1st Bn.) 2 9 Fort Buchanan, P. R. 151st Engr. Regt., 11 12 35 Camp Claiborne, La. TABLE III (cont'd) NATIONAL GUARD OFFICERS INDUCTED INTO FEDERAL SERVICE AS OF SEPTEMBER 1, 1941 Colonels Lt. Cols. Maj ors Captains 1st Lts. 2nd Lts. Total GENERAL STAFF CORPS WITH TROOPS: Hqs., 27th Division 1 1 2 Fort McClellan, Ala. f Hqs., First Corps Area, 1 1 Boston, Mass. T Hqs., 28th Division JL 1 Indiantown Gap, Pa. Hqs. 36th Division 1 1 Camp Bowie, Texas. Air Corps Construction Work 1 1' ' - ' Boston, Mass. & Vicinity Fourth Corps Area Service Command, 1 1 Camp Shelby, Miss. TOTAL 19 18 ■ 46 239 172 140 634 ENGINEERS, NATIONAL GUARD Status of Engineer Units - June 30, 1941 Active Duty Number Type Division State Headquarters Status Station Date 101 Combat Regiment 26th Inf. Massachusetts Cambridge Complete Edwards, Mass. 1-16-41 102 ft U 27th Inf. New York New York City u McClellan, Ala. 10-15-40 103 tf ff 28th Inf. Pennsylvania Philadelphia it Indiantown Gap, Pa. 2-17-41 104 ft f! 44th 'Inf. New Jersey Teaneck tt Dix, N. J. 9-16-40 105 ?f ft 30th Inf. North Carolina Raleigh t! Jackson, S. C. 9-16-40 106 ft It 31st Inf. (Mississippi Jackson First Bn.&Hq. Units Blanding, Fla. H-25-40 (Florida Haines City Second Bn. 107 If ft 32nd Inf. Michigan Detroit Complete Livingston, Ala. 10-15-40 108 f! If 33rd Inf. Illinois Chicago it Forrest, Term. 3-5-41 109 ft ft 34th Inf. South Dakota Rapid City tt Claiborne, La. 2-10-41 110 tf ft 35th Inf. Missouri Kansas City it Robinson, Ark. 12-23-40 111 t! H 36th Inf. Texas Fort Worth it Bowie, Texas 11-25-40 112 ff M 37th Inf. Ohio Cleveland !f Shelby, Miss. . 10-15-40 113 It ft 38th Inf. (Indiana Gary it Shelby, Miss. 1-17-41 (Nevada Reno Second 3n. - 115 t! ft 40th Inf. Utah Salt Lake City First Bn.&Hq. Units San Luis Obispo, Cal. 2-3-41 116 n It 41st Inf. Idaho Boise ti n n n Lewis, Washington 9-16-40 118 ft ft 43rd Inf. (Rhode Island Providence 11 tt tt t? Blanding, Fla. 2-24-41 (New Mexico Las Cruces Second Bn.&Hq. Units 120 ft !! 45th'Inf. Oklahoma Oklahoma City First Bn. Barkeley, Tex. 9-16-40 121 n ft 29th Inf. Dist. of Columbia Washington Complete 151 ft ft V Army Corps Alabama Huntsville u Claiborne, La. 1-27-41 Strength - June 30, 1941 - Officers 741: Warrant Officers 19: Enlisted Men 16,041; Aggregate 16,801 TABLE IV 2KGIN2SR RESERVE OFFICIOS ON EXTENDED ACTIVE DUTY OR IH PROCESS 1 AUGUST 1941 > *■ CATEGORY C LC Li C 1L 2L T ’JAR DEPARTMENT, Washington, D. C.: 7 General Staff 1 9 2 2 14 Office, Under Sec. of Jar 1 10 7 6 1, 25 Admin, of Export Control 3' 3 Office, Chief of Air Corps 2 3 1 6 Adjutant General’s Office 1 1 Office, Chief of Ordnance 1 1 3 • 3 8 Quartermaster General's Office 1 5 11 12 1 30 Office, Chief Signal Officer > 2 1 3 Office, Chief of Engineers 1 1 12 20 17 4 55 - ENGINEER BOARD 3 9 13 10 35 ENGINEER REPRODUCTION PLANT 1 6 9 4 20 ENGINEER SCHOOL: Staff 8- Faculty 6 16 9 31 Detachment 1 3 4 8 n ENGINEER SECTS., GENERAL DEPOTS 3 5 ( 1 16 ENGINEER PROCURES 1ENT DISTRICTS 1 5 6 PANAHA CANAL, Civil Gov't. 3 3 CORPS AREA SERVICE UNITS (less R.O.T,C.): 1 14 36 51 39 7 148 R.O.T.C. 5 8 31 17 61 E.R.T.C., 3rd Corps Area 4 44 133 02 263 E.R.T.C., ?th Corps Area 2 35 158 54 249 DEFARTiSENT HQ., F. S. 2 3 6 12 23 46 AIR FORCE (less 0, C of AC Troops) 4 3 2 1 10 ARL'OR'ED FORCE (less troops) 4 14 - 5 23 TROOPS: Army Hq. , 2 1 5 5 5 18 Corps Hq. 1 0 8 5 20 Division Hq. 1 1 Units (incl. Air -23- CATEGORY C LG 1L - 2L T CONSTRUCTION, C.E. (less 0 C/E): U. S. 1 5 14 34 53 35 142 F. S. 1 2 4 4 .2 13 rjITH OTHER BRANCHES (less office chief of branch, Wash., D. C.) 2 13 51 105 196 1S1 54'' SELECTIVE SERVICE 2 5 11 13 UNCLASSIFIED, Orders not yet received 27 193 504 722i Total 9 45 214 550 1497 14313746! -24- SUCTION II - IFTELLIChi'CE 6. General. To meet the nore extensive requirements of the larger mili¬ tary forces of the United States, the Intelligence Section was greatly expanded during the fiscal year, both in personnel and in functions. The acquisition and dissemination of engineer intelligence was recog¬ nized as an essential function of the Office, Chief of Engineers. Preparation for map supply for.potential theaters of operations in¬ volved in the defense of the Western Hemisphere was accepted as a function requiring thorough organization. Consequently, the Intelligence Section, -which heretofore has been concerned primarily with routine map supply for peace time training, was reorganized into four branches, the operations of which are described briefly below. 7» Domestic Happing Branch, a. KilitaryJIapoing^ (1) Tactical Mapping in Strategic Areas. The program for the tactical mapping of strategic areas prescribed by the War Department became effective on July 1, 1939, when a sum of g91 ,OCX) -was made available for the first year of work. The following table indicates the application of these funds and the proposed expenditures for the fiscal years of 1941, 1942, and 1943: 1941 1942 1943 . Reproduction of quadrangles mapped by the 29th and 30th b Engineers $36,000 $72,000 o V* Revision of tactical maps by the Engineer, I Corps Area $30,000 $30,000 Revision of 20 quadrangles by the Engineer, II Corps Area 0 $35,000 $35,000 -25- 1941 1942 1943 Revision and mapping of tactical maps by the Engi¬ neer, VIII Corps Area. . . , 025,000 $35,000 $35,000 Revision of tactical maps by the Engineer, IX Corps Area ...... -030,000 $30,000 $30,000 Rivision and reproduction of tactical maps at a uni¬ form scale . . . 015,000 $35,000 $31,500 Total 0136,000 $237,000 $243,500 New work will be performed by the two topographic battalions, In the Corps Areas in which these battalions are employed, the revision of existing quadrangles is being done in the office of the Corps Area Engineer. Existing quadrangles, which do not require revision, but which are not at the standard scale or contour interval, are being repro¬ duced at the Engineer Reproduction Plant with the standard scale and con¬ tour interval. As work progresses, all ciuadrang].es in strategic areas within a given Corps Area ■■/ill be revised or mapped as required so that all phases of the work will be completed at about the same time* ■ The 29th Engineers operating in the 9th Corps Area completed 4,630 square miles of mapping equivalent to 20.5 standard quadrangles. It is estimated that the napping within the 9th Corps Area will be completed during the fiscal year 1943. One company of the 29th Engi¬ neers w;as assigned to Alaska for surveys in the vicinity of Seward- Fairbanks. The 30th Engineers commenced work January 1, 1940 of napping strategic areas in Southern New Jersey and upon completion thereof pro¬ ceeded with the following projects: Camps Standing, Shelby and Davis, Unale ska Island and Ekron Quadrangle, Ky. The last two projects were completed. 17. P. A. projects for compilation of air navigation charts and revision of tactical maps with a total of 962 employees were in operation as follows: Portland, Oregon Pittsburgh, Pa. San Francisco, Calif. Detroit, Michigan Boston, Massachusetts Kansas City, Kansas New York, V. I. Lansing, Michigan Philadelphia, Fa. Cleveland, Ohio Rochester, H. Y. Indianapolis, Indiana Chicago, Illinois St. Louis, Missouri Cincinnati, Ohio -26- Seven of these projects were devoted to the revision of tactical maps of selected strategic areas. A total of 181 quadrangles were assigned to the projects, and at the end of the year 164 projects we re in process. Progress represents the equivalent of 83.1 completed quadrangles•at an average cost of $385 per quadrangle to the Jar Departr- ment and $2,000 per quadrangle to W. P. A. The remaining projects with the exception of that established at Chicago were engaged on the preparation of 1/125,000 troop movement maps of strategic areas. Dur¬ ing the year 139 quadrangles were assigned, and at the end of the year 63 quadrangles were in process, Work completed represents 33.8 quad¬ rangles, the average cost of which has been $175 to the Jar Department and $1,900 to W. P. A. Aerial mapping unit of the Little Rock Engineer District was engaged for the preparation of 1/20,000 maps of the Port Riley, Fort Robinson, and Fort Leonard 'Jood reservations and adjacent areas, and subsequently was assigned to photogramme trie mapping of 3,000 square miles adjacent,to the Mexican Border. The VIII Corps Area reproduction plant prepared .1,082,452 copies of tactical and special maps, charts, etc., and 27,545 copies of blueprints, photographs and negatives during the year. (2) Panama Canal Department. A survey party of the 11th Engineers continued field control work in the Rio Hata - Chame area in connection with map revision of this area. The reproduction plant at Corozal completed color repro¬ duction of two new tactical maps and fifteen new terrain maps. Work was in progress on five other terrain maps, and one tactical map. The output of the reproduction plant for the past year was 390,522 miscellaneous maps and charts and 11,397 blueprints. 1 (3) Ha^.vaiian Department. The 3^d Engineers continued surveys for the location and establishment of boundaries of War Department Reservations in the Hawaiian Islands. Surveys were conducted for the location of roads, trails, and other information required for the revision of maps for maneuvers. The reproduction plant, Hawaiian Department, repro¬ duced 171,730 copies of maps and 12,821 copies of blue prints, photo¬ graphs, and miscellaneous material. (4) Puerto Rican Department. No military surveys other than in connection with ■27- construction were undertaken during the year. The U. S. Geological Survey program of aerial .mapping will provide complete topographical maps of the entire Island. The reproduction section of the Puerto Rican Department prepared 85,960 litho-prints and 26,205 miscellaneous blue prints. (5) Philippine Department. In keeping with the policy of the War Department to pro-' vide the several Departments with independent means for map reproduction, the Philippine Department was provided with a 31" x 31" process copying camera and accessories. The U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, which has handled all local reproduction work in the past, increased its facilities by the addition of one modern Harris Offset Press. (6) Topographic Battalions.. The re-activation of Company "C", 29th Engineer Battalion, for the purpose of training a nucleus•of - 30th Engineers, was authorized April 11, 1939. The 30th Engineer Battalion was acti¬ vated September 1, 1939, and took station at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, about October 10. Both Battalions'were increased from peace to war strength during the winter'1940-41, by the activation of Companies C and D, and appropriate strength increases of other component units. Barracks and technical buildings for the 29th Engineers were con¬ structed on leased property- in Portland, Oregon. Additional buildings for the 30th Engineers were constructed adjacent to its permanent quarters at Fort Belvoir. (7) Topographic companies have been organized and stationed as follows: 62nd Engineer Company (Topographic), Camp Meade, Maryland 64th Engineer Company (Topographic), Fort Benning, Georgia. 66th Engineer Company (Topographic), Camp Jackson, South Carolina. 67th Engineer Company (Topographic), Camp Claiborne, Louisiana.' 69th Engineer Company (Topographic), Fort Lewis, 'Washington. -28 By wide advertisement, among civilian firms, it has been possible to obtain selectees highly qualified in reproduction work in. sufficient numbers for all units. Experienced draftsmen and surveyors have not been obtainable with the result that the primary effort of the units has been devoted to the training of specialists. All units began intensive training immediately upon activation, with a view to taking part in field exercises during the summer and fall months. (8) Engineer Reproduction Plant. (a) The Engineer Reproduction Plant continued general lithographic work for the bar Department and other governmental agencies, which was accomplished notwithstanding the great expansion of demands and activities of the plant. This expansion required an increase of five times the number of personnel and seven times the number of orders , for reproduction resulting in over. 20,000,000 copies of lithographic material. The expansion required rearrangement of columns, 'walls and rooms to provide for increased equipment,'storage spac'e for materials and plate files. Additional lithographic presses and auxiliary equip¬ ment, cameras, etc., were installed together with new transformer arrange¬ ments to meet the power and lighting requirements. The lithographic equipment contains two- batteries of six Harris Offset Presses, four bebendorfer Offset Presses,' and one flatbed press. Part of the build¬ ing has been air conditioned including the photographic room, in order to obtain uniform hydroscopic conditions for paper and chemicals. The plant is now operating on a twenty-four hour schedule. (b) Development ’work was continued for improvement, of map papers, etc. A research laboratory was established. A Lanston camera was installed together with printing frames and operating equip¬ ment enabling the laboratory to operate independently of the production departments. Investigations included standard production technique for half tone aerial mosaics, aerial photographs in color, aerial photographs in color, aerial photographs in color with additional conventional signs to replace planimetric maps, and investigations of fluorescent colors in photography. (c) The reproduction work covered approximately 1730 dif¬ ferent map sheets of which approximately 1580 have been completed. The Engineer, 9th Corps Area, forwarded 91 revised tactical quadrangles, of which 29 were reproduced. The reproduction of quadrangles of the Alluvial Valley prepared by the Llississippi River Commission was con¬ tinued, thirty-seven quadrangles being published during the year. In accordance with adopted policy all terrain and tactical of the Canal Zone were forwarded to the Panama Canal Department for completion and repro¬ duction. Tactical maps prepared by the 29th Engineers from field surveys in the Pacific Northwest covering 36 quadrangles were completed and forwarded for reproduction. Their reproduction status is as follows: -29- Northwest Quadrangles 19.32 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 Received at Engineer Repro¬ duction Plant . 7 22 29 45 49 84 Finished. . . 0 0 7 9 10 1.5 On hand ...... 7 22 22 3$ 39 69 (d) Financial Statement. Title of Appropriation: "Engineer Service, Army 1941". Project 7. Military Maps and Mapping 1938 1939' 1940 1941 a. Previous appropriations -$110,897 $143,173 $244,971 $619,420 b. Expenditures, Fiscal Year, 1941. • ...... §619,420 Received as reinbursements 312,529 Total available. . $931,949 Expended as fallows: Project Expended & Number Purpose Available Obligated 7 Military Mapping in U. S. and $149,188 $149,188 Insular Possessions 7 Operation of the Engineer 464,642 464,642 Reproduction Plant 7 Procurement of Domestic and Foreign Maps and Equipment 318,119 318,119 Totals $931,949 $931,949 -30- Appropriations: Annual: $370,420. 3rd Supp: 124,000 5th Supp: 125,000 Total $019,420 (e) Contract Mapping. During the fiscal year allotments totaling $688,000 under War Department appropriations for Educational Orders were obtained and applied to aerial photography, mosaic construc¬ tion, and photogrammetric mapping by civilian contract. Under these projects precise ■ mosaics of a number of Field Artillery training areas were prepared by Standard Aerial Surveys, Fairchild Aerial Surveys, Inc., Aero Service, Inc., and Kargyl Aerial Surveys. On June 27th contract was awarded to Keystone Aviation Corporation for aerial photography and mosaic construction, approximately 26,000 square miles adjacent to the Atlantic Bases and for photogrammetric surveys of 4,000 square miles in the vicinity of New York City. 8. Geodetic Branch. The Geodetic Branch of the Intelligence Section was organized in December, 1940, for the purpose of consolidating ground control in¬ formation from all producing agencies and publishing these data in form suitable for military use. W. P. A. projects in Boston, New Haven, New York, and Philadelphia were inauguarated for the compilation, computa¬ tion, and arrangement of ground control information. The projects pro¬ vide for micro-filming the extensive records of the Engineer Department, the U. S. Geological Survey, and the U. S. Coast and Geodetic Survey; The examination and selection of usable and reliable data; the computa¬ tion of military grid coordinates; the preparation of a geographical index; the arrangement of data into quadrangle form and its supply to Corps Area Engineer Headquarters for subsequent distribution as required for military use. During the year Corps Areas were furnished with a • limited stock of all available Coast and Geodetic control data and a single set of Geological Survey records for emergency use pending completion of the general project. In addition a large number of individual requests for ground control information were handled by this office. 9. Information Branch. The Information Branch was established July, 1940 for collecting and disseminating information concerning the engineer arms of foreign armies, maintaining and issuing press notes and news re¬ leases, and making translations of technical articles from foreign military periodicals. Initially the Information Branch prepared and -31- distributed a large number of bulletins, memoranda, and digests on engineer subjects, which had been compiled from reports of observers, translations, etc. As an improvement in service to unit engineers and others, weekly intelligence summaries have been issued, listing and describing material of current value obtainable on request bv interested officers. The Information Branch now receives weekly about 150 written requests and an equal number of informal requests for this information. 10. Foreign Hap Branch. The Foreign Hap Branch was established in the latter part of June for the purpose of handling commercial contracts for foreign map compilation and reproduction, to maintain liaison with the Geo¬ graphical Section of ,the General Staff, and to maintain lists of available ana obtainable maps of potential theaters of operations. This Branch also compiles physical information pertaining to potential theaters of operation. -32- SECTION III - OPERATIONS & TRAINING 11. Regular Army. a. During the year August, 1940 to August, 194-1 all components of Engineer troops were increased. The following Engineer organizations were activated: 22nd Engineer Battalion (Armored) . 23rd Engineer Battalion (Armored) 24th Engineer Battalion (Armored) 35th Engineer Regiment (Combat Corps) 36th Engineer Regiment (Combat Corps) 37th Engineer Regiment (Combat Corps) 38th Engineer Regiment (Combat Corps) * 41st Engineer Regiment (General Service) 42nd Engineer Regiment (General Service) 43rd Engineer Regiment (General Service) 45th Engineer Regiment (General Service) 46th Engineer Regiment (General Service) 47th Engineer Regiment (General Service) 58th Engineer Company (Combat)(Separate) 62nd Engineer Company (Topographic) 66th Engineer Company (Topographic) 67th Engineer Company (Topographic) 71st Engineer Company (Light Ponton) 72nd Engineer Company (Light Ponton) -33- 73rd Engineer Company (Light Ponton) 74th Engineer Company (Light Ponton) 75th Engineer Company (Light Ponton) * 76th Engineer Company (Light'Ponton) * 77th Engineer Company (Light Fonton) a oth Engineer Battalion (Viater Supply) 84th Engineer Battalion (Camouflage) 85th Engineer. Battalion (Heavy Ponton) 86th Engineer Battalion (Heavy Fonton) 37th Engineer Battalion (Heavy Ponton) 88th Engineer Battalion (Heavy Ponton) 89th Engineer Battalion (Heavy Ponton) 90th Engineer Battalion (Heavy Ponton) 91st Engineer Battalion (Separate) * 92nd Engineer Battalion (Separate) -x- 93rd. Engineer Battalion (Separate) 94th Engineer Battalion (Separate) * 95th Engineer Battalion (Separate) * 96th Engineer Battalion (Separate) * 97th Engineer Battalion (Separate) * 98th Engineer Battalion (Separate) 391st Engineer Company (Depot) 394th Engineer Company (Depot) -34- 397th Engineer Company (Depot) 410th Engineer Battalion (Park)(Tentative) 468th Engineer Company (mobile Shop) . ■* 576th Engineer Company (Dump Truck) *• 585th Engineer Company (Dump Truck) 711th Engineer Battalion (Railway Operation) 802nd Engineer Battalion (Aviation) 803rd Engineer Battalion (Aviation) 804th Engineer Battalion (Aviation) • 805th Engineer Battalion (Aviation) . 806th Engineer Company (Aviation' Separate) 807th Engineer Company (Aviation Separate) 808th Engineer Company (Aviation Separate) 809th Engineer Company (Aviation Separate) * 810th Engineer Battalion (Aviation) (-*) This is a colored, unit. b. Two Engineer Replacement Training Centers were activated to supply basic Engineer Soldier Training to selectees before they were assigned to units. The two training centers with a capacity of approximately 8,000 trainees each were activated at: Engineer Replacement Training Center, Ft. Belvoir, Va. Engineer Replacement Training Center, Fort Leonard '.food, Missouri. -35- c_. Due to the present emergency the strength of units can not be published or their location shorn. 12. Tables of Organization. a. During the fiscal year all tables for existing units were revised and approved. b. During the fiscal year, Tables of Organization were pre¬ pared, submitted, and approved for the following new Engineer units: Engineer Battalion, Armored (5-215) Hq and Hq Company, Engineer Battalion, Armored (5-216) Engineer Company, Engineer Battalion, Armored (5-21?) Engineer Company, Bridge, Engineer Battalion, Armored (5-218) Engineer Battalion (Aviation - Separate) (5-435) Engineer Hq and Hq Co. (Aviation - Separate) (5-436) Engineer Company (Aviation)(Separate)(5-427) Engineer Company Mobile Shop (5vl57) Engineer Replacement Group (5-5H) Engineer Replacement Group, Replacement. Battalion (5-515) Engineer Headquarters G.H.Q. Air Force (5-400-1) . c. At the close of the fiscal year, studies were in progress for the preparation of Tables of Organization for the following new, type organizations: Engineer Park Battalion ’ Hq Company, Engineer Park Battalion ' Equipment Company, ’Engineer Park Battalion Engineer Battalion Mountain Engineer Hq Company, Engineer Battalion Mountain Engineer Company, Engineer Battation Mountain 13. National Guard. ■ All Engineer National Guard Units were inducted into Federal Service during this period. They are as follows: -36- 101st Regiment (Combat) Square Division 102nd Regiment (Combat) Square Division 103rd Regiment (Combat) Square Division 104th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 105th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 106th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 107th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 108th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 109th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 110th Regiment (Combat) Square Division .111th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 112th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 113th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 114th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 115th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 11.6th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 117th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 118th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 120th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 121st Regiment (Combat) Square Division 130th Regiment (Combat) Square Division 151st Regiment (Combat) (Corps) -37- 14. Or ganiz e d R es er ve s. a. ^omriiissiondd^Personrj^l^ At the close of the Fiscal Year 1941> there were in the Corps of Engineers Reserve 7841 officers who had accepted appointment in grades as follows: Colonels...... 51 Lieutenant Colonels 122 Majors. . . , . . . 388 Captains 1008 First Lieutenants . 2654 Second Lieutenants 3618 Total 7841 The distribution of these officers was as follows: Allotted to General Assignment Group . . 21 21 Allotted to .and assigned in Corps Area Assignment Group (except Railway).'.,. . . 7122 7122 Allotted to and assigned in Arm & ■ Service Assignment Group to Military Railway Service, (Engineer Group III) ■. 364 Allotted to and assigned in Arm & Service Assignment Group (Engi¬ neer Group II) . . 267 Allotted to Arm and Service Assignment Group, living permanently out¬ side of the United States ..... 25 Allotted to Arm and Service Assignment Group on ineligible status. .... 13 Allotted to Arm and Service Assign¬ ment Group in the 'Jar Depart¬ ment Reserve Pool . . «. 29 698 Total in Corp.s of Engineers Reserve. - . 7841 b. . Specialist Reserve. In addition to the foregoing there are thirty officers of the Specialist Reserve allotted to the Chief of Engineers in the Arm and -38- Service Assignment Group, all of whom are assigned to various industrial mobilisation activities and receive their training from funds allotted to this office. c. Training. During the Fiscal Year 1941 Reserve officers allotted to the Arm and Service Assignment Group were called to active duty and were trained in the various mobilization assignments a total of 1,121 officer days as follows: Engineer Reserve i Specialist Reserve i : r. . j Grade j Procure- ; :Non-Pro- : Procure- j Non-Pro¬ 1 Total ■ rnent curement j ment i curement ! 11 ! ' " 1 Colonels • | 0 l i 0 ! 0 j 1 Lieut. Colonels { 2 l 0 : 0 1 3 Majors j 6 2 1 ; 0 1 9 Captains j 15 ! 7 4 ! 0 j 26 First Lieutenants j 10 ! 7 2 1 0 1 19 Second Lieutenants j 7 ! 3 0 ! 0 1 10 \ ' Total | 40 i 21 7 ; 0 | 68 f 15. Reserve Officers' . Trainin g Corps. a. The total Engineer R.O.T.C. enrollment at the close of the school year 1940-41 was 11,336, an increase of 7.28 per cent over that for 1939-40. b. The total number of established Engineer R.O.T.C. Units now operating is 29. The following table shows the enrollment and graduates at the end of the School Year 1940-41 at the various schools. -39- ENROLLMENT AND GRADUATE REPORT ENGINEER R.O.T.C. UNITS, 1940-41. I Engineer Enr •ollment; Engir leer G rradua tes £ iummer •Corps End of Schc >ol Year! Schoc >1 Yea •r 194 Camp Institution 1 0-41 : Area 1940-41 , • i Not Enroll¬ Basic j Adv. Total | Aptd Cert Aptd Total ment '40 Hass. Inst, of Tech. i I 232 i i 80 312 29 4 2 35 55 New York University j II 500 76 576 20 10 — 30 43 Clarkson Coll, of Tech .< II 228 / i ! 49 277 16 — 1 17 25 Carnegie Inst, of Tech .< III 332 1 ! 124 1 i 456 43 4 — 47 54 Johns Hopkins Univ. i III 168 | 1 52 i 1 220 20 7 1 28 25 Fa. State College ; III 797 ! | 81 878 24 2 1 27 28 Va. Poly. Inst. ! Ill 250 no 360 31 7 — 38 51 Ala. Poly. Inst. ; IV 352 85 437 35 3 1 39 43 Univ. of Alabama ' IV 1 1 368 | | 67 435 31 — 1 32 34 La. State Univ. ■ IV 1 ! 413 'I 1 no 523 33 . 13 1 47 53 Univ. of Tennessee . IV s i 213 1 : 51 264 23 3 — 26 24 Ohio State Univ. : -v 1 861 j ! 95 i ! 956 38 1 1 40 43 Rose Poly. Inst. : V- ! 1 129 j | 31 ! i 160 15 — - 15 17 West Va. Univ. : v I 246 i j 44 i i 290 21 — — 21 22 Univ. of Illinois ; vi ! 509 | ! 91 ; : 600 40 1 — 41 43 Mich. Col. of M.&T. ' VI ( 280 ! 1 84 i ! 364 41 1 1 43 42 Univ. of Michigan i vi • 207 j i 34 ! 1 241 11 — - 11 16 Univ. of Wisconsin ' VI ! 278 ! j 40 ; ; 318 13 1 — 14 22 Iowa State College ; VII i 245 i ! 50 1 ; 295 23 1 1 - 24 23 State Univ. of Iowa : VII ; 203 i i 24 ! 227 8 I - - 8 10 Mo. Schi. of Mines i vn ! 374 i 60 i ' 434 23 2 - 25 29 Univ. of Nebraska ! VII s 282 51 ! 333 24 — 2 26 21 Colo. Schl. of Mines inn i 331 79 ! 1 410 37 1 - 38 50 Okla.A.&M. College VIII j 388 73 i 461 : 30 2 1 1 33 37 A.&M. Coll, of Texas VIII | 289 | | 112 ! 401 i 44 | 3 j 3 50 4.6 Texas Tech. College VIII ? 133 | i 61 ! 244 19 2 23 32 Ore. State Agri. Coll. ; ix : 284 j 1 68 | 352 27 - 27 28 1i -_ State Coll, of Wash. ix ; 255 ! ! 49 1 304 22 1 tf 23 27 Univ. of California IX 208 | 184 24 , 7 2 i - 9 6 j Totals 19381 1955 ! 11336 1748 ! 71 !I 18 837 949 J -40- CO CH at G.*P. 0. and now being revised. In preparation. Published June 1, 1939. Published Aug. 1, 1939, Published March 12, 1941. -41- (Sketching) . . . Individual Soldier...... Galley proof being printed Reading . Symbols, and Abbreviations. . . Published April 12, 1941. Reading Equipment Published Nov. 1, 1940. . Published Sept. 9, 1940. and Utilities. Published June 10, 1940. Measures ...... Engineer Field Manuals: Basic Field Manuals: Technical Manuals: Manuals. the Corps of Engineers publications for which (2) The training Publications for Train¬ Field Manual, List of (1) FI.I 21-6, Basic Manuals, and Technical Field’ Manuals, Basic Field a. Engineer , Publications 16, Training FM 5-10, Communications, Construction Published Oct. 1,' 1940. FM 5-15, Field Fortifications .... Published June 19, 1940. FM 5-25, Explosives and Demolitions Photograph FM 21-25, Basic Map and Aerial . Published Jan. 31» 1941, FM 5-5, Troops and Operations FM 21-105, Engineer Soldier's Handbook. . . Aerial Photograph FM 21-26, Advanced Map and Published Feb. 15, 1941. FM 5-35, Reference Data FM 21-35, Field Service Pocketbook Military FM 21-30, Conventional Signs, FM 5-30, Engineer Antimechanized 12, 1940. TM 5-230, Topographic Drafting Published Nov. 1, 1940. TM 5-235, Surveying Published Oct. 10, 1940. TM 5-236, Surveying Tables. Published July TM 5-240, Aerial Photo-Topography ..... Now being revised. FM 21-45, Protective Measures, The as TR 2180-37. TM 5-245, Map Reproduction in the Field . . Nov/ pub'd. TM 5-270, Standard Stream Crossing Published June 1, 1940. .FM 5-20, Camouflage date of publication or status listed below, including responsible are work. pub¬ publications which were October 1, 1940, lists training ing, printed of these manuals. date and gives the distribution lished to that Technical Manuals; (cont'd.) Til 5-280, Construction in the Theater of Operations ... Published in tentative form May 28, 1941. TM 5-300, Symbols for Seacoast Defense, Fire-Control, Maps, Diagrams and Structures Now published as TR 1050-5. TM 5-305, Permanent Fortifications ...... Under preparation in Fortification Section. TM 5-310, Protective Construction . Under preparation in Fortification Section. TM 5-400, Military Railways and Inland ,/aterways ...'.. Published Nov. 30, 1940. TM 5-405, Railway Operating Battalion. . . ■Published Nov. 29, 1940. TM 5-410, Railway Shop Battalions...... Published Nov. 29, 1940. TM 5-415, Operating Manual-Military Railway Service ...... Published in tentative form, 1941, and part two, Signals, in preparation. 17. The following courses were conducted at The Engineer School, Fort Belvoir, Virginia, during Fiscal Year ending June 30, 1941s a. Refresher Courses. First Refresher Course. July 5 - August 5, 1940. The total membership of the class was 49. 12 First Lieutenants and 37 Second Lieutenants, all Engineer Reserve officers. 23 of these were Thomason Act officers. All students completed the course and were awarded Certifi¬ cates of Completion. Second Refresher Course. August 9 - September 10, 1940. The total member ship of the class was 93* 89 Engineer Reserve officers and 4 Corps of Engineers. 18 First Lieutenants and 75 Second Lieutenants. 19 of these were Thomason Act officers. All were awarded Certificates of Completion at the end of the course. Third Refresher Course. September 13, 1940 - October 12, 1940. The total membership of the class was 52. 18 First Lieutenants and 34 Second Lieutenants, all Engineer Reserve officers. Only one was a Thomason Act officer. Certificates of Completion v/ere awarded to all. Fourth Refresher Course. October 14 — November 9, 1940. Class totalled 141 officers. 18 Captains - 44-First Lieutenants -59, Second Lieutenants,' all National Guard; 6 First Lieutenants and 13 Second Lieutenants, Engineer Reserve; 1 Regular Army. Only one Thomason Act officer in attendance. Certificates of Completion were given to all as no student failed to complete the course. -42- Fifth Refresher Course. Llarch 3 - 29, 1941. This course, held at the conclusion of the Third Instructor Course, -was chiefly for Engineer National Guard officers. It totalled 101 officers - 33 Captains - 29 First Lieutenants - 35 Second Lieutenants, all National Guard, and 4 Second Lieutenants, Engineer Reserve. Certificates were awarded upon completion. b. In£tructor__Cour ses. First Instructor Course. November 12 - December 18, 1940. Class totalled 150 officers - 63 Captains - 87 First Lieutenants, all Engineer Reserve. Certificates of Completion were given at the com¬ pletion of the course to all except one officer relieved on November 25, 1940 for temporary duty in Jashington, and another relieved on Novem¬ ber 28, 1940, for physical unfitness. Second Instructor Course. December 19, 1940 - January 25, 1941. Class consisted of 193 Engineer Reserve officers - 118 First Lieutenants - 75 Second Lieutenants, and 1 First Lieutenant, Chinese Army. All received Certificates of Completion except one officer re¬ lieved on January 8, 1941, due tp physical unfitness. Third Instructor Course. January 27 - March 1, 1941. This class consisted of 196 Engineer Reserve officers - 29 Captains, 105 First Lieutenants and 62 Second Lieutenants. All except three officers completed course and received Certificates of Completion. Fourth Instructor Course. March 31 - May 3, 1941. Class totalled 156 Engineer Officers - 26 Captains, 117 First Lieutenants and 13 Second Lieutenants. Certificates of Completion were given to all except one officer, transferred to O.C.E., and another who reverted to inactive status. Fifth Instructor Course. May 5 - June 7, 1941. The total membership of this class was 240 officers including one Captain of the Venezuelan Army. Certificates of Completion were given to all but two officers, one who reverted to W. D. Reserve Pool, and another who re¬ verted to inactive duty. Sixth Instructor Course. June 16 - July 19, 1941. Total enrollment of Class - 225. Certificates of Completion were awarded to all' except two officers, one who reported too late (July 3, 1941) to complete the course and who will be held over in the next Course, and another relieved on July 1, 1941 due to physical unfitness. c. Research Coursejs. The purpose of these courses was to study and develop Engineer technique in the light of recent operations in Europe, and our own ex- -43- perience at maneuvers. . .. First Research Course. Duration six weeks - October 21, 1940 - November 30, 1940. The class consisted of specially selected regular officers, as follows: 30 Engineer officers, 7 from other arms and 1 from the I trine Corps - total 38* Certificates of Completion were awarded. Second Research Course. Duration one month - February 1 - March 1, 1941. The class consisted of 21 Engineer officers, 3 from other arms, 1 from the Marine Corps and 1 from the Chinese Army - total 26. A Certificate of Completion was given to all but one officer who did not complete the course due to late arrival and early departure. d. Camouflage^Course. This course was conducted April 7-19, 1941. The course was attended by 62 officers. All received Certificates of Completion. e. Mechanical Equipment Course (Officers). This special course was conducted during the period of May 5 to May 31j 1941 in accordance with the instructions of the Chief of Engineers. It covered practical instruction in the maintenance and operation of shovels, tractors, motor graders, air compressors, earth augers and miscellaneous Engineer equipment, including trouble shooting in motors. The class comprised 45 Engineer officers, divided as follows: 18 National Guard, 22 Engineer Reserves who completed the Fourth In¬ structor Course, 2 Engineer Reserves from local organizations and 1 from Staff and Faculty. Certificates of Completion were given to all except one officer relieved on account of physical disqualifications and another who attended only part of the course. f. Enlisted_S£e£ialistsjCourses. The 1st Course for Enlisted Specialists was held during the period July 12, to October 12, 1940. This class totalled 53 Regular Army students, 49 of whom received Certificates of Completion. The 2nd Course for Enlisted Specialists was held during the period October 18, to January 18, 1941. This class totalled 85 students as follows: 77 Regular Army, 4 U. S. Ilarine Corps and 4 National Guard and all but 5 students received Certificates of Completion. The 3rd Course for Enlisted Specialists was held during the period February 10, to May 3, 1941. The class totalled 127 students -44- as follows: 91 Regular Array, 31 National Guard and 5 U. S. Marine Corps. Seven students were relieved for inaptitude. The 4th Course for Enlisted Specialists began on May 9, 1941 and will close on August 4, 1941. The present enrollment is 58 students in Mechanical Equipment Course, 59 in Drafting Course, 59 in Mater Purification Course, 38 in Surveying Course, and IS in Map Repro¬ duction Course - total 232. g. Najiional__Guard_NiC and Sergeant_Instructor Course^ Held during the period September 16, to December 14, 1940, for 11 National Guard Noncommissioned officers. All were awarded Certificates of Proficiency. h. .Army_Extension_Courses. Extension Course of the Engineer School. During the period the following 1941-42 subcourses vrere prepared as new subcourses or were completely revised: No. Subject 20-1 Military Roads 20-4 Map and Aerial Photo Reading 30-7 Mapping 50-2 Military Railroads 30-8 Water Supply 10-2 Organization L Duties of Engineers 10-9 The Engineer Platoon 40-3 Training Management 40-10 Company of Combat Engineer Units 30-9 Combat Principles of Engineer Platoon 30-1 Camouflage (C) 40-6 Traffic Circulation 50-3 Estimation &. Uses of Terrain (C) 40-14 Combat Principles of Engineer Company 40-16 Troop Movements 30-11 Light Ponton Company 30-3 Engineer Weapons 40-7 Engineer Unit Staff Duties 40-9 Engineer Reconnaissance 50-1 Antimechanized Defense Except for Subcourse 30-7, Mapping, (which still uses Special Text 109), all the above subcourses use official. 'Jar Department Field Manuals or Training Manuals as texts. Conference Course of the Engineer School. During the year the following conference courses were issued gratis to all Engineer units and instruction groups: -45- r No. 1 Camouflage Inspection by Aerial Photography 2 Demolitions 3 Engineers in the Defense of a Coastline' 4 Fighting and Engineer Company 5 Functions and Relations of Engineer Organi¬ zations and Headquarters 6 Road Repair and Maintenance by Corps Engineers 7 Organization of the Ground for the New Infantry and Engineer Battalions 8 The Attack of a River Line 1- A Mobilization and Administration 2- A Engineer Reconnaissance The problems 1-A and 2-A are reprints of previously popular or useful problems brought up to date and issued as alternative or additional problems. An average of about 8,000 copies of each problem were printed. In several cases these editions have been'exhausted. No series of prob¬ lems were prepared for the exclusive use of either the R.O.T.C. or National Guard and Reserve officers groups as approved when the N.G. & R.O. and R.O.T.C. titles were changed to that now used. However, next year's series (tentative titles as indicated below), will be equally applicable for Regular Army, National Guard and Reserve officers and Reserve Officers' Training Corps use: No. Sub.j ect 1 Security Measures for Engineers (MP) 2 Motor Transportation (IIP) 3 Engineer Supply (ill) 4 The Passage of Obstacles (MP) 5 Standard Operating Procedures (IIP) 6 The Defense of an Airdrome (MP) 7 Barriers and Obstacles (IIP) 8 Engineers with the Armored Force (IIP) ■46- ENGINEER SUBCOURSE REVISION SCHEDULE FOR WORK YEAR 1941-42 ON S0BCOURSES USED IN SCHOOL YEAR 1942-43 C SC - Common Subcourse N - New subcourse for 1942-43 P - Partial revision TN - Total revision - practically T - Total (Complete) a new subcourse revision of problems Subcourse Type "(JD Texts No. Title of Subcourse Rev'n Used ' Date to A.G. 20-13 Field Fortifications TN 5-15)21-105 May 31, 1941 30-5 Explosives and Demolitions F 5-20, TM May 31, 1941 20-3 Military Bridges TN 5-10;5-270 June 30, '41 30-10 Organization of the Ground I TN Inf CSC-16 June 30, '41 5-15)7-5 40-8 Engineer Supply in the Division TN 5-5)100-10 July 31, '41 40-11 Company, General Service Aegt. TN All FM's 5- July 31, '41 TII 5-270 40-1 Organization of the Ground II TN 5-15; 7-5 August 31,'41 40-12 Company, Separate Battalion TN All FM's 5- August 31,'41 40-13 Troop of the Engineer Squad. TN AU FM's 5- Sept. 30, »41 40-15 Combat Intelligence N BFM 30- Sept. 30, '41 C SC 18) Interpretation of Aerial N BFM 30- Oct. 31, 1941 50-4) Photographs 50-5 Advanced Camouflage N- 5-20; Other Oct. 31, 1941 r Arms FM1s 50-6 Construction in War TN 5-280)5-10 Nov. 30, 1941 5-5 50-8 Organization of the Ground III TN 5-15-7-5 Nov. 30, 1941 50-9 Combat Principles for Engr. Bn. TN 7-5;7-6 Dec. 31, 1941 50-10 Combat Engineer Battalion TN 5-5 Dec. 31, 1941 50-11 Battalion of Gen. Serv. Regt. TN 5-5)5-10 Jan, 31, 1942 60-4 Organization of the Ground IV N 100-5)5-15; Jan. 31, 1942 7-6 50-12 The Separate Battalion TN 5-5)5-10 Feb. 28, 1942 60-5 Engineer Service in Corps and TN 100-10;5-5) Feb. 28, 1942 Higher Units 5-35 50-13 The Engineer Squadron TN 5—5)2—5 March 31, '42 60-8 The General Service Regiment TN 5-5)100-10 March 31, '42 60-7 The Combat Engineer Regiment TN 5-5)100-10 April 30, '42 60-6 Combat Principles for the TN 100-5)5-5 April 30, '42 Engineer Regiment 7-6 10-7 Map and Aerial Photograph P 21-25(new) April 30, '42 Reading -47- Dates for the 1942-43 work schedule begin with Hay 31st in¬ stead of Hay 1, 1941; because the submission date for the last four sub¬ courses for the 1941-42 school year is April 15, 1941, as tentatively approved by The Adjutant General. Official V/ar Department training publications listed in FM 21-6 (Fa's and Til's) are to be used throughout except in the case of SC 30-7 (1941-42) Mapping, which requires the use of U.S.C. & G.3. Special Publication No. 59 and Special Text 109 (1941)• Continuance of ST 109 is necessary because official publications available do not contain the necessary material in the form needed with examples intended for the in¬ struction of the extension course student. This is thought to be the only special text required in the Engineer Extension Courses so far as can now be determined. i. Civil Institutions. (1) Ten officers of the Corps of Engineers pursued the Engi¬ neering course at the University of California, Berkeley, California, during the 1940-41 school year and all were awarded a Master's Degree in Civil Engineering. The detail of officers to other civilian education institutions has been temporarily suspended due to the present emergency. The officer students at the University of California were permitted to complete their course since they were in attendance at the school at the time of declaration of such emergency. (2) Financial Statement. (a) Allotment of Military Funds: Fiscal Year 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 Amount ■$7,111 $6,165 $6,085 $2,900 $1,245 (b) Beginning with the Fiscal Year 1939, all expenditures for tuition of Engineer student officers at civil educational institutions were charged to Rivers and Harbors funds which are not listed hereon. 18. Equipment. a. Sub-projects relating to equipment have been assigned to the Engineer Board during the fiscal year, and studies have been conducted for the purpose of improving certain items of equipment on hand and for the purpose of determining the military value of certain new items of equipment which have not been adopted as standard articles of issue to troops. b. Tables of Basic Allowances 5, Engineers, revised and pub¬ lished in mimeograph form November 1, 1940. -48- c. Table of Allowances, Special for the Engineer School, revised and published in mimeograph form March 15, 1941. d. Tables of Allowances, Special for Engineer Replacement Train¬ ing Center approved and published under date of December 2, 1940. -49- 19. Camouflage. The Camouflage Branch of the Operations and Training Section of the Office of the Chief of Engineers concerned itself with the determin¬ ation of camouflage policy and with the coordination of camouflage practice with other arms and services and with the I jar Department and General Staff. Lt. Col. Homer Saint-Gaudens reported for duty on January 6th as Chief of the Camouflage Branch of the Operations & Training Section. He handled the problems of those who desired to enter the camouflage branch of the army or submitted suggestions as to the developing of camouflage practice. He concerned himself with the relationship of Military and Industrial camouflage. He conferred with the Engineer Board, the 84th Engineers and the Fortification Section of the Office of the Chief of Engineers in regard to camouflage problems. He visited the Panama Canal Zone, the Puerto Rican Department, and the Trinidad and Jamaican Districts and vital centers of our coast defense to study and report on their camouflage possibilities. Major J. F. Ohmer, Jr., reported for duty on March 16, with the Camouflage Branch of the Operations and Training Section and was detailed on an extended assignment to study the camouflage possibilities of the Hawaiian Department. 20. Activities of the Engineer Board. a. During the year the Camouflage Section of The Engineer Board expanded from two officers devoting part-time attention to camouflage to ten officers and approximately se- anty-five civilian employees. A model shop and paint laboratory were established for the testing of materials, and specifications were prepared for many materials including cold water protein paints, removable paints for aircraft, removable identification paints for tanks and vehicles, coatings for steel wool to be used for garnishing camouflage nets and wire. Field and laboratory tests were made on many other materials and items of equipment. Recommendations were made to, and adopted by, The Quarter¬ master General changing to lustreless olive drab the color of all motor vehicles, tentage and other items of equipment subject to hostile ob¬ servation. Continuous research \vas conducted for means to preserve natural foliage, and to develop paints against detection by infra-red photography. Individual camouflage suits and a new camouflage set for the 3" antiaircraft gun were developed, and decoy airplanes were inves¬ tigated. Texts on camouflage technique and materials were begun. Revised lists of equipment were recommended for the camou¬ flage battalions, Army and G.H.Q., and technical supervision of the 84th Engineer Battalion (Camouflage) was authorized. The Section also assumed technical supervision over the Passive Defense Project established in Boston by the dorks Progress Administration; physics, chemistry and photo¬ graphic laboratories and a model shop were organized for scientific -50- camouflage research. Jith the assistance of an Air Corps liaison officer assigned to the Board, detailed camouflage plans were prepared for numerour air¬ fields in this country and in overseas bases. Plans for new and exist¬ ing industi'ial plants, public utilities, seacoast fortifications and other installations of importance to national defense were also developed b. 84tn Engineer Battalion: The 84th Engineer Battalion (Camouflage)(Army) during the period July 1, 1940, to June 30, 1941, was represented only by Company "A" since the rest of the battalion ’.vas not activated until June 4, 1941, and was not concentrated until July 3, 1941* During this first year Company "A" carried out experimental camouflage projects in connection with the Engineer Board including (a) attempts to conceal buildings, with paint, roof thatching, nets and combinations of these methods, (b) the design of a standard set of camouflage equipment for the mobile Anti-Aircraft gun and (c) the development of mechanical means for processing camouflage materials in the field, Camouflage demonstrations and instructions were provided for about 1,000 officers taking Refresher and Instructor courses at The Engineer School as well as for about 1,000 officers and men of the 5th Engineers, the 56th Engineer Company (Mobile Shop), Company "B", 80th Quartermaster and the N.C.O. Instructor courses for the Engineer Replacement Training Center, and about 160 Marine Corps officers, A special t?ro weeks' course in camouflage was held for about 60 officers representing each division of the Army and the various service schools. The company expecially trained and furnished about half its strength as cadres for the Engineer Replacement Training Center. 1 It also trained other specialists as carpenters, painters, and sign painters and in fact, a complete cadre for the activatibn of the battalion. -51- SECTION IV - SUPPLY 21. General. a. The procurement, storage, issue, and maintenance of engineer equipment ana supplies for troops and for seacoast fortifications, with the exception of the local procurement of certain fortification plant, office supplies and miscellaneous operating supplies, are centralised in the Supply Section, Office, Chief of Engineers. The above miscellaneous items are procured as needed by the Engineer Supply Officers and the Corps Area and Department Engineers. b. The 1941 Military Appropriation Act and the five Supplemental National Defense Appropriation Acts, 1941, provided Engineer Service Army funds in. the net amount of $91,399,455 for the development, procurement, and maintenance of engineer equipment, and the operation of the engineer establishments during F.Y. 1941* This total was allocated as follows: Cash for immediate use $ 50,905,955 Contract Authorization to 6/30/41 . 40,493,500 Net Total. . . . . $ 91,399,455 In addition to these funds, $1,(X0,000 was made available to liquidate F.Y. 1939 contract authorizations. Also, the Fifth Supplemental Appro¬ priation Act made available .,,14,500,000 to liquidate 1941 contract author¬ ization. As of June 30, 1941, $25,993,500 contract authorization remained to be liquidated by subsequent appropriations. Generally, these funds provided the essential items for an army of 1,400,000 men, and the criti¬ cal items for an army of 2,800,000 men. c. Under the Defense Aid program, this section was allotted $22,385,775.20 for the provision of engineer supplies and equipment, as requested by defense aid. countries. 22. Requirements. The Requirements Branch revised depot stock lists and prepared procurement requisitions for maintenance of depot stocks of Engineer equipment for troop and seacoast fortifications. And for other Engineer purchases. It revised the schedule of Engineer equipment for various war plans, supervised the distribution of major items of equipment pur¬ chased, prepared estiraates for funds for the Annual War Department Appropriation and various supplemental estimates thereto, revised vari¬ ous studies concerning proposed revisions in Basic Allowances, computed shortages in critical and essential items for the P.M.P. and augmenta¬ tions; prepared credit assignments to Corps Areas, continued computations of war requirements for procurement planning, edited requirements, and performed other routine duties. -52- 23. Procurement. a. Current Procurement. (1) During the Fiscal Year 1941, there was allotted -387,324,540 to the Supply Section for the purchase of Engineer supplies and equipment, from which 2,987 purchase orders and contracts were placed. This repre¬ sents an increase of approximately 1,008 per cent in dollar value over the purchases made in 1940. Upon delivery of the items under order, authorised initial Engineer troop equipment .will be completed. (2) In addition to those under the Engineer Service Army appro¬ priation, purchases amounting to $8,256,440 were made from funds appro¬ priated for seacoast defenses, and from funds allotted for Engineers of overseas departments. A total of $1,583,812 was expended in purchases for other supply branches of the Army. (3) The obligations under the Lend-Lease program in the Fiscal Year 1941 were not large. The total amounted to $2,541>847.83. (4) Among the major purchases were the following: 2,243 60-inch Antiaircraft Searchlight I64 Foot Bridges 90 24-inch Beach Defense Lights 102 Truck Cranes 76 Ponton Bridges, 25 Tons 890 Air Compressors 57 Ponton Bridges, 10 Tons 117,208 Compasses, Lensatic 84-3/8 Yard Shovels 129 Bridges, Steel H-10 63-1/2 Yard Shovels , 62 Bridges, Steel H-20 Map Reproduction Equipment 3,446 Assault Boats 76 Concrete Mixers 32 Power Earth Augers b. Procurement Planning. (1) The procurement plans for all items for which plans are re¬ quired are complete and on a maintenance status. Practically all of the effort and time devoted by the six procurement districts to procurement planning was expended in checking existing procurement plans and in re¬ vising more than 25/ thereof to keep them up to date. (2) The personnel of each district was augmented by one reserve officer on extended active duty and additional clerical personnel. ,Jhile not activated to any extent for the purpose of purchasing in connection with the current emergency procurement program, all districts were called upon to as.sist in inspections of facilities having equipment and supplies contracts with this office, in 'investigations of potential sources of supply, and in contacts with contractors in matters of production delays. In addition, the procurement districts have been assigned the duties and functions of the plant protection program, covering all current manufactu¬ rers of critical and essential items. The procurement districts are also -53- the liaison with the field agencies of the Office of Production Manage¬ ment and Federal Reserve Banks. (3) All reserve officers assigned to procurement duties received active duty training during the year, either in the conventional two-weeks duty period or through attendance at the special three-months instruction courses of the Army Industrial College. (4) In addition to all activities incident to the procurement planning work, the Procurement Planning Unit of the Procurement Branch, Supply Section, has recalculated raw material requirements of critical materials and prepared required reports for the Q.P.M. and the Office of the Under Secretary of War 24. Storage and Issue, a. Depots. To provide for the storage and issue of Engineer equipment and supplies, the Corps of Engineers maintained during the Fiscal Year 1941? seven active Engineer Sections in general depots at the following places: Brooklyn, M. Y.j Columbus, Ohio; Fort Sam Houston, Texas; San Francisco, Calif.; Schenectady, N. Y.; Fort Buchanan, Puerto Rico; and Corozal, Canal Zone. Active Engineer Depots were maintained at Schofield Barracks, T. H., and Manila, P. I. Average Operating Costs for Engineer Depots in U.5. Per Cent Average cost per requisition filled. &41.27 Average cost of handling active stock in per cent of its value . . 1.18 Average cost of handling inactive stock in per cent of its value . . .37 Average cost of maintaining war reserve in per cent of its value ...... (Est.) .80 b. Exce£s_3to£k__Transferrea_to the Civilian_Conservation C orjos. There were no supplies transferred with or without reimburse¬ ment by the Corps of Engineers to operating agencies for the Civilian Conservation Corps during the Fiscal Year 1941• c. Surplus Stocks. The following statement gives in brief form the activities in connection with the liquidation of surplus war stocks during the year. -54- Approximate cost of surplus property on hand at the beginning of the year...... $140 Approximate cost of perperty declared surplus. . during the year 0 Approximate 'cost of property, the reassignment of which was cancelled 0 Total $140 Approximate cost of property withdrawn from surplus during the year . . 0 0 Approximate cost of surplus property trans¬ ferred to other Government Departments. ... 0 Approximate cost of surplus property sold during the year 0 Approximate cost of surplus property disposed of on Inventory and Inspection report during the year 140 Total $140 Approximate cost of surplus property on hand at the end of the year . $ 0 -55- d. Approximate value of Engineer Stocks in Depots, June 30, 1941. Engineer Equipment of Troops Seacoast All Stocks Standard Non- E.E.T. Total Total Depots and Substitute Limited Standard Standard Total Standard Columbus, Ohio 122,043,123 $12,189 $22,055,312 $22,055,312 New York, N. Y. 337,183 ',15,341 ■ 7,074 359,598 $ 232,855 592,453 San Antonio, Texas 972,881 2,568 12,074 987,523 . 10,072 997,595 Schenectady, N. Y. 210,034 , 210,034 1,260,286 1,470,320 Ordnance (Explosive) 72,172 72,172 72,172 San Francisco 468,848 8,203 6,977 484,028 49,671 533,699 UNITED STATES . .124,104,241 $26,112 138,314 . $24,168,667 $1,552,884 $25,721,551 Panama (including Defense Reserves) $ 429,562 . 119,648 $29,004 $ 478,214 v ■ $ 478,214 Hawaii (including Defense Reserves) 1,232,161 4,134 22,382 1,258,677 1,258,677 Puerto Rico 73,866 73,866 73,866 Philippines 152,508 23,142 2,945 178,595 178,595 OVERSEAS $1,888,097 $46,924 $54,331 $ 1,989,352 $ 1,989,352 TOTAL ALL STOCKS $25,992,338 $73,036 $92,645 $26,158,019 $1,552,884 $27,710,903 MOTE: Supplies at the New Cumberland General Depot were either disposed of on an inventory and in¬ spection report or shipped to the Schenectady General Depot. Recapitulation. Total approximate value of stocks, including v/ar reserves, June 30, 1940. . . . . $ 5*951,194 Value of purchases of troop equipment for depot stocks in Fiscal Year 1941 • • . . . . . 27*563,073 Value of troop equipment vdthdrawn from surplus during Fiscal Year 1941...... 0 Value of purchase of seacoast and searchlight equipment for depot stocks in Fiscal Year 1941 836,921 Total 034,351,738 Value of troop Equipment issued, during the Fiscal Year 1941; To the Regular Army and other branches and Departments of the Government'. . . . ,. . . . 0 4,893,226 To the Civilian Conservation Corps ...... 0 To the National Guard 35,828 To the Organized Reserves. . . 1,836 To the R.O.T.C. Units...... 18,400 To the R.O.T.C. Camps. . 131 To the C.M.T. Camps. 4 To the National Youth Administration ...... 0 Expended for depot use or dropped on approved Inventory and Inspection Reports ...... 982,649 Total Troop Equipment ...... 3 5,932,074 Value of Seacoast and Searchlight Equipment Issued during the Fiscal Year 1941s To the Regular Army ...... $>' 552,449 To the National Guard. . 1,418 Expended for depot use and rehabilitating Searchlights or dropped on approved Inventory and Inspection Reports ...... 154,944 Total Seacoast and Searchlight Equip. 5 708,811 Total all equipment issued, ex¬ pended, etc $ 6,640,885 Total approximate value of all stocks June 30, 1941 ^27,710,903 -57- 25* Electric Power Survey. The current annual survey of the electric power resources in the United States, as of January 1, 1941, has been completed. No change has been made in the boundaries of the potter zones and districts, nor in the organization and the general character of the power survey since December 1, 1933. The detailed power survey maps, graphs, and reports are on file in the Office, Chief of Engineers, and are available to the Jar and Navy Departments. The Annual Electric Power Survey Report for 1941 was submitted to the Under Secretary of ,:ar July 16, 1941. The revised Questionnaire and Type Graph resulting from the conference of April 18, 1939, Office, Chief of Engineers, was used in soliciting information for the 1941 Power Survey, . _ 26. Research and Development. The development program of .the Corps of Engineers for the Fiscal Year 1941 was considerably more extensive than that ever undertaken in any previous Fiscal Year. During the year, approximately £2,000,000 was expended for research and development purposes, over 41,500,000 of this amount being used by the Engineer Board.. The balance was expended by other agencies including the Engineer Detachment at ,/right Field, the Engineer Reproduction Plant and this office. At the close of the Fiscal Year 1941* 102 subprojects remained assigned to the Engineer Board. Of these, 74 were classified as active. Sixteen new subprojects were assigned to the Board during the Fiscal Year and 22 subprojects were completed and closed. In order to maintain this program, the Engineer Boards facilities at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, v/ere taxed to the limits of their capacity, in fact, the existing facilities v/ere rapidly becoming entirely inadequate. In march, 1941, the War Department allotted C-2,545,000 for new Engineer Board facilities. , . '• ? To provide a source of supply of metal searchlight mirrors inde¬ pendent of the only private-commercial source, namely, Bart Laboratories, Belleville, New Jersey, a plant was erected at llariemont, Ohio, for a total outlay of Q520,000 which included purchase of site, construction of buildings, and installation of equipment. This plant was completed and manufacture of mirrors started under the supervision of the Engineer Board, and it is now in regular production of mirrors. To keep pace with the tempo of modern warfare with its ever- increasing amounts of raechanized equipment and consequently heavier loads, it has been necessary to develop numerous items of mechanical con- -58- struction equipment, bridges, ferries, and equipment for the transporta¬ tion of these items. The speed of modern warfare requires improved technique to facil¬ itate production of suitable maps. Development of equipment to accomplish this purpose has been carried on by the Engineer Board, the Engineer De¬ tachment at /right Field and the Engineer Reproduction Plant. Other phases of the Engineer program included development of new equipment for antiaircraft, antitank, and antimechanized defenses, camouflage, emergency landing mats for air fields, railway equipment, and equipment for mobile and fixed shop organizations. The foilowing is a brief description of some of the major development projects during the 1941 Fiscal Year: BRIDGES AND BOATS Development of the use of pneumatic rubber pontons for use in bridges, rafts, and ferries has progressed satisfactorily. A quantity of this type of equipment is to be tested by the Armored Forces during maneu¬ vers.this fall. One type is intended for light bridges and rafts, and a larger size will serve either as a 30-Ton Ponton Bridge or a 30-Ton Ferry. This equipage is expected to keep pace with the Armored Units, and a special 6-ton, 4 wheel drive cargo truck is being developed for trans¬ porting it. Extensive experimentation on the substitution of steel and ply¬ wood ponts for the standard aluminum boat and also substitution of steel balk for the standard wooden type has been carried on throughout the year. Development ’was completed and procurement initiated on a power utility boat for use with the 25-Ton Bridge Equipment and also for tractor trucks and semi-Trailers to transport both the 10-ton and 25-ton bridges. Development of H-30 and. H-50 Portable Steel Highway Bridges is now well under way. Development of several items of auxiliary equipment for bridges such as ramps, treadways, full reversing outboard motors, truck cranes, cableways, and. shores qvas carried on during the Fiscal Year. CAMOUFLAGE ' Studies of camouflage technique and procedures as applied to various types of Industrial Structures. Seacoast Fortifications, Air¬ fields, etc., are a continuous project. The new Engineer Board facili- -59- ties at Fort Belvoir are intended to be a more or less complete example of the technique of camouflaging permanent structures utilizing as much natural material as possible. Development has been completed of a new type .of protein base, cold water camouflage paint. The National Faint, Varnish and Lacquer AssO' ciation assisted materially in this project. Various studies and tests were carried out in connection with blackouts including traffic control devices such as luminous markers, blackout lights, infra-red rays, etc. Other studies were carried on relative to various miscellaneous items of camouflage materials such as mildew-proof treatment of burlap and osnaburg, a removable coating for-concealing aircraft insignia, paint spraying equipment, nets and garlands of various kinds. MAPPING Specifications were prepared on a 22" x 33" gelatin roll dupli¬ cator and initial requirements of this duplicator were procured to re¬ place the fluid process duplicator as a standard item of Engineer Equip¬ ment. Specifications have been prepared for a new 20" x 22-1/2" lightweight, single color, offset printing press to replace the Multi- lith in the map reproduction equipment - sets for Corps Topographical Companies. Development and construction of a test model rapid projection printer designed to handle aerial roll film negatives up to and includ¬ ing 9-1/2 inches in width and cut film negatives up to and including 8" x 10" is nearing completion. The machine is provided with an auto¬ matic roll paper feed to handle 20-inch roll paper. "Lithomat" press plates, fabric instead of metal, are being investigated, and seem far superior to other paper plates on the market. Limited experience indicates that these plates will stand runs of 15*000 and over. A high speed contact printer capable of handling prints 20" x 24" has been constructed in the Engineer Board shops and has undergone successful preliminary tests. Construction ’was completed of a mobile rapid contact printer capable of printing up to 20" x 20". This is the size of the 1 to 40,000 9" x 9" wide angle photograph enlarged to a scale of 1 to 20,000. -60- The Engineer Detachment, Wright Field, continued investiga¬ tions of means and methods for improving the accuracy and reducing the time of completion of the battle map. It is contemplated that as soon as equipment is available, the battle map will be produced from T-5 or XT-5 aerial photographs and multiplex equipment is now under procure¬ ment to use those pictures. -61- 27. Financial Statement a. Appropriation Title - "Engineer Service, Army" Project 1. (1) Previous appropriations: Fiscal Year 1938 1939 '' 1940 1941 Appropriation .‘.87,645 488,625 489,125 4308,372 (2) Expenditures, Fiscal Year 1941: Project Expended & Number Purpose Available Obligated 1 Operation of 4308,372 4308,372 Engineer Depots Financial Statement b. Appropriation Title "Engineer Service, Army" Project 2. (1) Previous appropriations: Fiscal Year 1938 1939 1940 1941 Appropriation $27,749 £28,249 432,275 4296,612 (2) Expenditures, Fiscal Year 1941: Project Expended & Number Purpose Available Obligated 2 Operation of $296,612 $296,612 Engineer School Financial Statement C. Appropriation Title - "Engineer Service* Army" Project,3* (1) Previous appropriations: Fiscal Year I938 "T 1939 1940 1941 Appropriation £195,000 A5,1/2,500 £2,296,730 (88,745,009 * 0 (2) Expenditures, Fiscal Year 1941: Project Expended 1 Number Purpose Available Obligated 3 Procurement & Maintenance 487,824,540 ** 485,184,982.95 of Engineer Equipment Includes 4304,072 for Dept. Expenditures 8c Printing and Binding Includes 454,875 transferred from Project 6 290, 221 from 1940 funds available in F.Y. 194-1 41,265,565 transferred to Project 4 Financial Statement d. Appropriation Title - "Engineer Service, Army" Project 4. (1) Previous appropriations: Fiscal Year 1938 1939 1940 1941 Appropriation (.80,000 $80,000 $80,000 $821,667 (2) Expenditures, Fiscal Year 1941: Proje ct Expended & Number Purpose Available Obligated 4 Development of Engi¬ $2,087,232 X- $1,971,667 neer Equipment -x- Includes $1,265*565 transferred from Project 3« Financial Statement e. Appropriation Title - "Engineer Service, Army" Project 5* (1) Previous appropriations: Fiscal Year 1938 1939 1940 1941 Appropriation $78,434 479,434 498,044 4388,993 (2) Expenditures,' Fiscal Year 1941: Project Expended & Number Purpose Available Obligated 5 Engineer Operations • $399,473 * $399,473 in the Field -x- Includes $10,480 from 1940 funds made available in F.Y. 1941 Financial Statement. i. Appropriation Title - "Engineer Service, Army" Project 6. (1) Previous appropriations: Fiscal Year 1938 1939 1940 1941 Appropriation (14,475 (14,475 (14,475 4219,382 (2) Expenditures, Fiscal Year 1941: Project Expended & Number Purpo se Available Obligated 6 Procurement Planning (163,507 -x- (163,507 -x- (54,875 transferred to Project 3- Financial Statement g. Appropriation Title - "Engineer Service, Army" Project 7. (1) Previous appropriations Fiscal Year 1938 1939 1940 1941 Appropriation $116,097 $145,097 $253,691 $619,420 (2) Expenditures, Fiscal Year, 1941: Project . Expended & Number Purpose Available Obligated 7 Military Surveys and Maps $619,420 $619,420 SECTION V - FORTIFICATION 28. Plans and Development. a. Permanent Fortifications. Preparation of Technical Manual, Permanent Fortifications, Hi 5-305, has been initiated. This manual will deal with types of forti- fiactions appropriate to modern warfare rather than the outmoded types such as the Maginot Line. Field tests have been completed on 13 Lord type machine gun emplacements but final reports have not yet been received. A turret type emplacement to mount one .50 caliber or two .30 caliber guns and give pro¬ tection against .50 caliber AP projectiles has been developed. It is pro¬ posed to purchase 50 of these with dual mount for two .30 caliber guns for extensive field use. An emplacement to mount a 37 MM gun and to give protection against high velocity armor piercing 37 MU shells is being developed. b. Field Fortifications. European information is under study with a view to providing any necessary information or plans for heavier construction. c. Passive Defense Against Aircraft. Considerable progress has been made in the general determina- . tion of the effects of aerial bombs as a result of the tests of struc¬ tures at Edgewood Arsenal. The penetration of bombs has been the subject of thorough study by the Committee on Passive Protection Against Bombing of the National Academy of Sciences operating under contract with the Chief of Engineers. Numerous small scale tests to determine penetration in concrete have been made at Princeton University and tests have been made with shells simulating 1000 pound armor piercing bombs at Aberdeen Prov¬ ing Ground. Test results from the Navy have also been obtained for comparison. There will be a continuation of tests on thickness of mater¬ ial to resist penetration and explosive action. Study of other effects of bombs has been carried forward simultaneously and will be continued. . A pamphlet entitled "Protective Construction" was prepared in the Fortification Section and issued by the Division of State and Local Cooperation of the Office for Emergency Management. Other pamphlets covering special phases of protective construction in greater detail and results of tests are being prepared for issue by the Office of Civilian Defense which has absorbed the Division of State and Local Cooperation. Extensive studies of the protection of air base facilities -69- against aerial bombing have been undertaken in accordance with Jar Depai ment directives. An Interim Report with type plans has been submitted and a Second Interim Report is now ready for submission. A determination of Air Force requirements for protection of air bases and airdromes is now being made by a committee having repre¬ sentatives of the Chief of Air Combat Command, Chief of the Air Corps and this office. Uhen requirements are decided upon and approved by the Chief of Air Forces, type plans will be drawn, up conforming to such re¬ quirements and will after approval form a part of■the report. 29. Design and Operations, a. Seacoast Fortifications. The following work was carried'on in the various harbor de¬ fenses of the United States and overseas departments, (1) Plans and projects. Site Board reports pertaining to the location of new batteries and the modernization of existing batteries were reviewed in conjunction with the Chief of Coast Artillery. The study and prepara¬ tion of type plans for seacoast fortifications and related structures were continued, dork was continued on the preparation, review and re¬ vision of detailed annexes pertaining to the Basic Projects for Harbor Defenses and estimates pertaining thereto. Seacoast Fortifications for Alaska and outlying bases in the Atlantic were inaugurated during Fiscal Year 1942. (2) Construction. Field work on construction of seacoast batteries on the Pacific Coast which were' begun in Fiscal Year 1937 were completed and transferred to use and care by troops. On the Atlantic Coast, con¬ struction was continued on one major caliber and one secondary caliber seacoast battery, another secondary caliber battery was initiated and completed; three additional major caliber batteries were initiated, and field work'started on two more. In Fuerto Rico, construction was continued on one major caliber battery, several minor caliber batteries were completed and field work started on several more. Underwater defense projects on the Pacific and Atlantic coasts initiated last year were completed and two additional projects were initiated on the Atlantic coast. Antiaircraft searchlights for harbor defenses were pro- -70- cured and shelters and trailers for these were provided. Surveys and acquisition of land as sites for battery construction and fire control sites were continued. Construction of numerous fire control structures was carried on at an accelerated pace. Emplacements were built for minor caliber armament, installation of antiaircraft searchlights was continued and improve ments were made to antiaircraft positions. • dork was continued on construction of trunk roads for ac¬ cess to defense positions in Panama, Hawaii and the Philippines. Bombproof construction for various types of fortification structures was carried on and ammunition storage facilities in Puerto Rico, Panama and Hawaii continued. Studies on camouflage for seacoast fortification struc¬ tures of all types was continued. Til 5-265 on Camouflage of existing seacoast defenses ’was prepared and submitted. New designs of structures have been developed which tend to blend the structure in with the surround¬ ing terrain and have proved very satisfactory. (3) Maintenance. Field forces continued normal maintenance of fortifica¬ tions and related structures as well as added maintenance work due to obsolescent batteries being recommissioned and increased activity at all seacoast forts due to the emergency. b. Construction in Theater of_0perations. dork of the J.P.A. Project No. 65-2-97-20 (revised to 165-2- * 97-47) conducted under the supervision of this office was completed ilay 15, 1941, in New York City. The Construction in Theater of Operations Unit was organized July 1, 1940, in the Fortification Section. Operations of this Unit dur¬ ing the Fiscal Year 1941 included: (1) Review and revision of plans completed by the New York City W.P.A. Project. (2) Preparation of tropical hospital layouts and building plans based on revised requirements of The Surgeon General's Office. (3) Preparation of plans for typical buildings and utili¬ ties for Frigid Zone construction. -71- (4) Draft of Technical Manual 5-280 and assembly and arrange¬ ment of folio of typical plans to accompany manual. (5) Redesign of various structures and layouts based on revise Branch requirements. ' (6) Design of facilities added to Branch requirements, c. Aircraft Jfarning_Ser vie e_j_ (1) Plans and Development. The scope of the Aircraft Warning Service program was entirely changed during the latter half of the Fiscal Year due to a re¬ study by the War Department of sites previously approved for information centers and detector stations in the Continental United States. The Secretary of War directed that Current Plans and Projects for the organ¬ ization of the means for air defense to include the location of detector stations and communications and observer systems, be transferred from Army and other Commanders to the Commanding General G.H.Q. Air Force, March 25, 1941, AG 320.2 (3-24-41) M-WPD-Ii, C. of E. 381-128. This re¬ sulted in review of all approved sites by Site Boards appointed by directive of the Commanding General G.H.Q. Air Force, and the suspension of all work on information centers and a great number of detector statio (2) Construction. Preparation of type plans and estimates for barracks to house two officers, nine non-commissioned officers and forty enlisted men, together with facilities for storage, operating room, garage and work shop were prepared by the Fortification Section, in cooperation wit ? the Signal Corps, for construction at mobile sites in the Continental United States by directive May 9, 1941, AG 634.9 (3-31-41) MC-E, C. of E. 676.3 (A.¥.S.)234. Construction was continued on sites approved for Aircraft Warning Service Stations in the Continental United States, Panama, Hawaii, Puerto Rico and Alaska. Acquisition of land and rights of way for Aircraft Warn¬ ing Service Stations for approved sites was continued. -72- Financial Statement. 1941 ' Appropriation Title, "Seacoast Defenses" (Engineers). ’roject Expended & Carry over Purpose Appropriated Number Obligated to 1942 United States (Regular) 11 Alterartion, Maintenance 4 376,948 $ 360,318 $ 16,630 & Repair of Fortifications 12 Purchase, Development and Installation of Search¬ lights. 3,416,163 3,349,323 66,840 13 '' Construction of Seacoast Batteries ■ 985,022 354,975 130,047 14 Facilities for Submarine Mines. . 349,086 ' 321,173 27,913 15 Procurement or Reclamation of Land 1094000 40,345 68,655 Subtotal $5,236,219 $4,926,134 $310,085 Insular Departments (Regular) 11 Alteration, Maintenance and $ 185,518 . $ 185,518 -0- Repair of Fortifications. 12 Purchase, Development and Installation of Search ' lights. 480,482 480,482 -0-- 13 Construction of Seacoast Batteries 31,686 31,686 -0- Subtotal $ 697,636 3 697,686 -0- ■ Panama Canal Department (Regular) 11 Alteration, Maintenance and $ 212,193 $ 212,193 -0- Repair of Fortifications -7> Financial Statement (cont'd.) Appropriation Title, "Seacoast Defenses11 (Engineers). Project Expended & Carry over Purpose Appropriated Lumber Obligated to 1942 . 12 purchase, Development and Installation of Search¬ $1,020,000 $1,020,000 -0- lights. 13 Construction of Seacoast Batteries. 383,316 383,316 -0- 14 Facilities for Submarine . Mines. 2,000 2,000 -0- 16 Ammunition'Storage. 236,520 236,520 -0- 17 Access Roads to Defense Positions. 944,784 944,784 -0- Subtotal $2,79.8,813 $2,798,813 -0- First Supplemental National Defense Act 1941 12 Purchase, Development and Installation of Search- $ 320,000 $■ 320,000 -0- lights. 13 Construction of Seacoast Batteries. 990,250 990,250 - -0- 15 Procurement or Reclamation of Land. 10,000 10,000 -0- Ammunition Storage. 300,000 300,000 . -0- Subtotal $1. ,620,250 $1,620,250 -0- Second Supplemental national Defense Act 1941 Purchase, Development and Installation of Search- $ 554,560 $ 554,560, -0- lights. *-74- Financial Statement (cont'd.) Appropriation Title, "Seacoast Defenses11 (Engineers). Project Expended 4 Carry over Number Purpose Appropriated Obligated to 1942 13 Construction of Seacoast)C’sh 43,643,276 •43,034,301 $ 8,975 Batteries )Cont.Auth. 1,250,000 1,250,000 -0- 15 Procurement or Reclamation of Land. 33,000 17,000 16,000 16 Ammunition 31 or age• 953,100 958,100 -0- 17 Access roads to Defense Positions. 35,400 85,400 -0- Subtotal 46,524,336 v6,499,361 .,24,975 Third Supplemental National Defense Act 1941 11 Alteration, Maintenance and Repair of Fortifications. 4 122,850 $ 122,850 -0- Subtotal 4 122,850 4 122,850 -0- Fifth Supplemental National Defense Act 1941 12 Purchase, Development and In¬ stallation of Searchlights. $1,490,000 $1,490,000 -0- 13 Construction of Seacoast Batteries. 886,000 886,000 -0- 14 Facilities for Submarine Hines. 325,000 235,140 89,860 17 access Roads to Defense Positions. 835,000 .835,000 -0- Subtotal 43,536,00 43,446,140 $89,360 GRAND TOTAL /Seacoast Defenses(Sngrs)/ 220,536,154 $20,111,234 $424,920 -75- Financial Statement (coat'd.) Appropriation Title, "Seacoast Defenses’1 (Engineers) In addition to the above, the following funds were received by allot meat: Chief of Coast Artillery - $2,098,320 for the procurement of land and for the construction of fire control stations. Engineer Service Army - $339,048 for development work in connection with Passive Defense. Navy Department - ,,>261,700 for confidential work performed in the Philippine Islands. Quartermaster General - ,>7,130 for repairs to wharves and sur¬ veys. Chief of Engineers - $957,920 for construction of buildings, . utilities .and appurtenances thereto. Signal Service Army - 52,106,423 for construction work con¬ nected with Aircraft ..arning Service. Chief ox air Corps - ..250,000 for the purchase and development of Airplane Landing Hats. ' Chief of Ordnance - :.;1S3,920 .for the transportation of arma¬ ment and development work on Passive Defense. Total from other sources $6,204,461 GAATJD TOTAL FROM ALL SOURCES $26,740,615 -76- SECTION VI - RAILWAY 30* Railway I nf orroation. a. Contact has be'en maintained with the railways of the United States, and assistance and cooperation have been received from railroad officials, the Association of.American Railroads, the various Bureaus of the Interstate Commerce Commission, and the Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce. b. Investigation is under way for revision of two special over¬ prints prepared in 1932 for the four sheet Railroad Map of the United States showing information pertaining to routes for various types of military equipment. Upon completion of revision of these maps, it is proposed to publish a new edition. c. Clearance data were collected for all principal railroads in the U. S. d. Work on revision of the four sheet Railroad Map of the United States was completed. An edition of the map was published. • e. Information and data for certain ‘Jar Plans.were submitted to the Operations & Training Section. • f. A field investigation and study was made for the Export- Import Bank by two officers temporarily assigned to this Section. g. An investigation was made concerning the emergency crossing of railway equipment over the Potomac River. h. Typical track layouts for supply installations, theater of operations, were studied and recommendations submitted to the Fortification Section. 31. Railway Plans. a. Recommendation for the transfer of Affiliated Engineer Units, Railway, from Corps Area to Arm & Service Assignment Group under the Chief of Engineers was approved by the War Department. b. There was authorized a balanced minimum reserve force con¬ sisting of 1 Railway Headquarters, 5 Railway Grand Divisions, 20 Railway Operating Battalions, and 3 Shop Battalions. These are being reorganized -77- and will retain their organization in peace. All units except Railway Headquarters are affiliated with a .railway company. £. 22 Operating Battalions, 5 Grand Divisions, and 3 Shop Battalions are being assigned to railways but will not be organized in peace. These units will be formed by the railroads in ti.ie of war, when and if needed. Officers assigned to existing battalions are being re¬ assigned to the peacetime units or discharged. d. Publication and distribution was made of Technical Manuals and Tables of'Organization governing railways and Engineer Railway Units for a Theater of Operations. e. Study was started of key railroad positions which would be difficult to obtain in time of war for Engineer Railway Units including the ages of all railway employees in the U. S. 32. Railway Equipment. a. Tracings of journal box drawings on 20-ton cars were revised. The preparation of specifications for light cars were revised to take care of brake arrangement changes. b. The detailed design of the 20-ton Hospital Cars under con¬ struction was continued. Drawings were furnished to the contractor. Approval of the type of Hospital Trains has been recommended. £. 20-ton Experimental Gasoline Mechanical Locomotive has been delivered to The Engineer Board at Fort Belvoir, Va. d. Manufacture of the 30-ton Gasoline Mechanical Locomotive is still in progress. The transmission has been assembled and is ready for test. e. Type Plans and specifications for 3-inch gun ammunition car and fire control car are being prepared. 33. 711th Engineer Battalion (Railway Operating) a. Authority was received to activate a Railway Operating Bat¬ talion at Camp Claiborne, La. The battalion will be formed early in F.Y. 1942. This will be the first of its kind ever activated in peace in the U. 3. b. Officers for the Operating Battalion have been selected from among those assigned to affiliated railway units throughout the United States. -78- c. Funds have been appropriated and procurement started of equipment and materials. Negotiations for right-of-way and terminal site have been started. 34. Defense Aid. a. An estimate was made of the cost of railway equipment and supplies under the Defense Aid program. b. A directive was received and active procurement operations under this program were begun at the end of the fiscal year.