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The Role of Combined Therapy in the Treatment of Retinopathy and Optic Neuropathy Due to Radiotherapy in the Uveal Melanoma
Published online: 2020-01-16 THIEME Original Article 1 The Role of Combined Therapy in the Treatment of Retinopathy and Optic Neuropathy Due to Radiotherapy in the Uveal Melanoma Yasemin Benderli Cihan1 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Kayseri Education and Address for correspondence Yasemin Benderli Cihan, MD, Department Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey of Radiation Oncology, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital, Sanayi District, Ataturk Boulevard, Hastane Street, No 78, 38010 Kocasinan, Kayseri, Turkey (e-mail: [email protected]). Asian J Oncol 2020;6:1–2 Abstract Introduction Uveal melanoma has a relatively low incidence. Transpupillary thermo- therapy (TTT), hypofractioned stereotactic radiotherapy (RT), stereotactic radiosur- gery, plaque brachytherapy, charged particle radiation therapy, local tumor resection, enucleation, and exantation are applied in the treatment. Methods The importance given to radiotherapy has increased to get more satisfac- tory results while treating the patient. However, it is the treatment of radiation reti- nopathy and optic neuropathy from complications. Results Radiation retinopathy and optic neuropathy are the most important compli- Keywords cations related to radiotherapy in the treatment of uveal melanoma. In recent years, ► uveal melanoma many studies have been performed on the treatment of radiation retinopathy and ► radiotherapy optic neuropathy. ► retinopathy Conclusion The consecutive use of triamcinolone in combination with anti-VEGF ► optic neuropathy supports that it may be a future therapeutic agent in the treatment of complications. Introduction was found to be 81.6%.2 The 2-, 5-, and 10-year metastasis rates were reported to be 10%, 25%, and 34%, respectively, regardless Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular of tumor size.3 tumor in adults. -
Case Report Comment
Sir, Visual preservation 18 years after cobalt plaque treatment of choroidal melanoma Brachytherapy using a radioactive plaque is a common method of treating choroidal melanoma today.l Vision can often be retained following brachytherapy for peripheral melanomas, but most patients lose considerable vision when the tumour is located in the macular region.2 We report a case of choroidal melanoma with a margin within 3 mm from the foveola in which the patient retained excellent vision 18 years after treatment with a cobalt-60 plaque. Case report Fig. 2. Wide-angle fundus photograph showing the tumour. The In March 1980, a 51-year-old man was referred for a retinal detachment is not easily visualised in the photograph. choroidal melanoma. His visual acuity was 20/20 in each eye and intraocular pressures were normal. In his ultrasonography. There was a distinct margin between right eye was a dome-shaped, pigmented choroidal the irradiated tumour and the normal foveal area mass (Figs. 1-3) 12 X 11 mm basally and 6 mm in (Fig. 6). For 18 years the vision has remained 20/20 and thickness as measured by estimation and there is no tumour recurrence or radiation retinopathy ultrasonography (Fig. 4). The posterior margin of the (Figs. 5, 6). tumour was 3 mm temporal to the foveola (Fig. 3). The patient elected treatment with a radioactive plaque, which was done by our standard technique. 1 A Comment dose of 35 000 cGy was delivered to the tumour base and macular area and 10 000 cGy to the tumour apex. Six When a melanoma is in the macular area (tumour months after treatment the tumour was 2 mm in margin within 3 mm of the foveola) most patients thickness by ultrasonography and 1 year later it was treated with plaque or charged particle radiotherapy entirely flat on ophthalmoscopy (Fig. -
Toronto Rolls out Larger Police Presence in Bid To
CBC MENU news Top Stories Local The National Opinion World Canada Politics Indigenous Business Toronto Toronto rolls out larger police presence in bid to curb gun violence Officers will be working longer hours to combat recent spate of brazen shootings CBC News · Posted: Jul 20, 2018 4:00 AM ET | Last Updated: July 20 117 Shares Toronto police will have a bigger police presence on city streets Friday during the evening peak hours for the remainder of the summer. (CBC) Toronto will have a bigger police presence on city streets Friday as part of a new, $15-million "gun violence reduction plan" designed to tackle the recent spike in shootings. Police Chief Mark Saunders and Mayor John Tory announced last week that 200 additional officers will now be on the streets during the evening peak hours for the remainder of the summer. Toronto temporarily adding front-line police in bid to combat deadly shootings Mayor John Tory announces $12M in measures to address rising gun violence The officers will be deployed on patrols during the hours of 7 p.m. and 3 a.m., the window during which most shootings occur in the city. However, Toronto Police Association president Mike McCormack wants to make it clear that those officers aren't new members on the force, but instead police that are working overtime hours as part of what he calls a "band-aid solution." President of the Toronto Police Association Mike McCormack has called the effort a 'band-aid solution.' (Andy Hincenbergs/CBC) "You're putting more stress, burning these officers out, and that's a huge risk they're taking with this type of program," he told CBC Toronto. -
Canada's Toughest Neighbourhood": Surveillance, Myth and Orientalism in Jane-Finch
"CANADA'S TOUGHEST NEIGHBOURHOOD": SURVEILLANCE, MYTH AND ORIENTALISM IN JANE-FINCH Chris Richardson Interdisciplinary MA in Popular Culture Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Faculty of Social Sciences, Brock University St. Catharines, Ontario ©2008 Library and Bibliotheque et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-46609-4 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-46609-4 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par I'lnternet, prefer, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation. -
COVID-19 RESOURCE TOOLKIT a Guide for Canadian Planners and Urbanists
COVID-19 RESOURCE TOOLKIT A Guide for Canadian Planners and Urbanists November, 2020 Updated April, 2021 © Lorenzo TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD 3 HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE 4 ADDITIONAL RESOURCES 5 AGE-FRIENDLY PLANNING 12 COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE 22 COMMUNITY DESIGN 29 DENSITY 40 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 44 ENVIRONMENT & CLIMATE CHANGE 60 EQUITY & SOCIAL JUSTICE 68 FOOD SYSTEMS 90 HOUSING & HOUSELESSNESS 94 INDIGENOUS ISSUES 109 MAIN STREETS 117 PUBLIC SPACES 123 RESILIENCY 134 RESPONSES & ACTIONS 141 RURAL & NORTHERN ISSUES 147 SMART CITIES & TECHNOLOGY 155 TRANSPORTATION 159 URBAN ISSUES 180 WORK SPACES 201 2 FOREWORD In 2019 no one could foresee that a year later entire countries would be shut down to curb the spread of a highly contagious virus. When the gravity of the COVID-19 pandemic became clear in March 2020, Canada, like many other nations, imposed strict “lockdown” measures on almost all sectors of society. Overnight, most Canadians became confined to their homes. Office buildings, malls, streets, public spaces and airports emptied. Only essential services, such as grocery stores, pharmacies, and gas stations, were allowed to operate under strict “physical distancing” conditions. As our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) grew and lockdown measures persisted for several weeks and months, glaring inefficiencies in community design started to become unignorable. Our response to challenges that had previously been inadequately addressed - multimodal transportation, a high-quality public realm, age-friendly and accessible planning, for example - have now become essential precursors for the creation of a resilient post-pandemic world. Conversations on the future of cities have become commonplace in mainstream society, and some of the best and brightest minds in the planning profession have made valuable contributions to this discourse. -
Diagnosis, and Treatment of Retinoblastoma
British3'ournal ofOphthalmology 1993; 77: 805-812 805 PERSPECTIVE Br J Ophthalmol: first published as 10.1136/bjo.77.12.805 on 1 December 1993. Downloaded from Applications ofmonoclonal antibodies in the investigation, diagnosis, and treatment of retinoblastoma John F Tarlton, D L Easty In Europe and North America, retinoblastoma has a reported derived cell lines fused with RB1 competent cells.2' Reversal incidence ranging from 1 in 14 000 to 1 in 36 000 live births'-5 of malignancy has also been reported in cell lines transfected and is the most common ocular malignancy affecting children with functional BR1 gene constructs. Recently, however, and infants. Early diagnosis allows the application of a these results have been challenged by other researchers who number of therapies directed at localised disease, including have found incomplete reversal of malignancy in retino- external beam and plaque radiotherapy, cryotherapy, and blastoma cell lines,22 although such effects may be artefacts photocoagulation, although the principal treatment account- resulting from additional genetic changes having occurred in ing for the high cure rate ofaround 90% is enucleation, which cells adapting to tissue culture environments. The impor- is still carried out in over halfofall cases. The justification for tance of RB1 in malignant transformation has also been such radical therapy is the poor prognosis once the tumour demonstrated by inactivating its product by association with escapes the eye, and the high mortality from metastases.6 virus proteins such as adenovirus EIA,23 SV40 large T In the developing countries ofAfrica and Asia the picture is antigen24 and papillomavirus E7 oncoprotein,2" both by different. -
Radiotherapy of Conjunctival Melanoma: Role and Challenges of Brachytherapy, Photon-Beam and Protontherapy
applied sciences Review Radiotherapy of Conjunctival Melanoma: Role and Challenges of Brachytherapy, Photon-Beam and Protontherapy Corrado Spatola 1,2, Rocco Luca Emanuele Liardo 2, Roberto Milazzotto 2 , Luigi Raffaele 2, Vincenzo Salamone 2, Antonio Basile 1,2, Pietro Valerio Foti 1,2, Stefano Palmucci 1,2 , Giuseppe Antonio Pablo Cirrone 3, Giacomo Cuttone 3, Andrea Russo 4 , Teresio Avitabile 4, Michele Reibaldi 5 , Antonio Longo 4, Giuseppe Broggi 1 , Vincenza Bonfiglio 6, Rosario Caltabiano 1 , Stefano Pergolizzi 7 and Floriana Arena 7,* 1 Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Chirurgiche e Tecnologie Avanzate “G.F. Ingrassia”, Università di Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; [email protected] (C.S.); [email protected] (A.B.); [email protected] (P.V.F.); [email protected] (S.P.); [email protected] (G.B.); [email protected] (R.C.) 2 UO Radiodiagnostica e Radioterapia Oncologica AOU Policlinico-S.Marco Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; [email protected] (R.L.E.L.); [email protected] (R.M.); raff[email protected] (L.R.); [email protected] (V.S.) 3 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare-LNS Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; [email protected] (G.A.P.C.); [email protected] (G.C.) 4 Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale e Specialità Medico-Chirurgiche, Università di Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; [email protected] (A.R.); [email protected] (T.A.); [email protected] (A.L.) 5 Dipartimento di Oftalmologia, Università di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; [email protected] 6 Dipartimento -
Radiation Therapy Coding
Ed 21:01 Radiation March 2021 Missouri Cancer Registry and Research Center Therapy 2021 Show-Me-Tips Coding...Abstracting...Education… Radiation Therapy Coding Radiation Delivery Systems/Approaches and Coding LINEAR ACCELERATOR - Linac If the radiation treatment summary refers to beam energies, such as: • 6X or 6MV, 10X or 10MV • 12X or 12MV, 15X or 15MV Then the treatment modality will always be 02, external beam, photons (a Linac was used to deliver the EBRT treatment) If radiation treatment summary refers to treatment delivery as: • E, eboost, MeV or “en face” Code the treatment modality 04, external beam, electrons (a Linac can also deliver electron therapy) IORT Delivery Technology & Coding IORT FOR BREAST CANCER, Volume: 41 - Partial Breast. Lymph Nodes are not Targeted! Equipment RT Delivery Modality Planning Comments Method Technique Zeiss Intrabeam 50 kVp Linac 02-Photons 02: Low energy x-ray/ Isotope-free. No photon therapy radioactive source used XOFT Axxent 50 kVp Linac 02-Photons 02: Low energy x-ray/ Isotope-free. No photon therapy radioactive source used LIAC 10/12 by Electron 04-Electrons In most cases, Max energy: 10 MeV, Sordina IORT accelerator 04-3D conformal 12 MeV NOVAC by Electron 04-Electrons In most cases, Check with Rad Onc for Sordina IORT accelerator 04-3D conformal planning technique Mobetron Electron 04-Electrons In most cases, Energies: 6, 9, 12 MeV accelerator 04-3D conformal Strut Assisted Ir-192 Sources 09-Brachy, 88 - NA Accelerated partial breast Volume (HDR) Intracavitary HDR irradiation (PBI) Implant -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2009/0156881 A1 Stokes (43) Pub
US 20090156881A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2009/0156881 A1 Stokes (43) Pub. Date: Jun. 18, 2009 (54) CONVERGENT WELL IRRADIATING Publication Classification PLAOUE FOR CHOROIDAL MELANOMA (51) Int. Cl. (76) Inventor: John P. Stokes, San Antonio, TX A6M 36/12 (2006.01) (US) A6DF 9/00 (2006.01) (52) U.S. Cl. ............................................................ 6OOf7 Correspondence Address: MEYERTONS, HOOD, KIVLIN, KOWERT & (57) ABSTRACT GOETZEL, P.C. Provided in some embodiments is a device suitable for treat P.O. BOX 398 ing an eye that includes a housing and a plurality offins. The AUSTIN, TX 78767-0398 (US) housing includes a base and a rim coupled to the perimeter of the base. The base and the rim at least partially define a cavity (21) Appl. No.: 12/252,136 in the housing, and the cavity is configured to accept one or more radiation seeds. The plurality of fins at least partially (22) Filed: Oct. 15, 2008 reside within or proximate the cavity of the housing. At least a portion of the fins are configured such that radiation emitted Related U.S. Application Data from one or more radiation seeds positioned in the cavity is (60) Provisional application No. 60/980,079, filed on Oct. substantially directed toward a center portion of the eye dur 15, 2007. ing use. SClera ChOroid Patent Application Publication Jun. 18, 2009 Sheet 1 of 8 US 2009/O156881 A1 C-H > O wis w CN Sa CNwas O C v N. l e CD VN sU O S & U wal w- F S S wis,N ws Patent Application Publication Jun. -
Comparison of Retinoblastoma Reduction for Chemotherapy Vs External Beam Radiotherapy
CLINICAL SCIENCES Comparison of Retinoblastoma Reduction for Chemotherapy vs External Beam Radiotherapy Daniel A. Sussman, MD; Erika Escalona-Benz, MD; Matthew S. Benz, MD; Brandy C. Hayden, BS; William Feuer, MS; Nicole Cicciarelli; Stuart Toledano, MD; Arnold Markoe, MD; Timothy G. Murray, MD Objective: To determine the time course and extent of Results: Twenty-six eyes of 26 patients were evaluated tumor reduction associated with systemic chemo- for tumor response; 18 patients were treated with sys- therapy or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in the treat- temic chemotherapy and 8 patients were treated with ment of advanced intraocular retinoblastoma. EBRT. Median follow-up was 36 months. A mean 68% reduction in tumor volume occurred after 1 cycle of che- Methods: Retrospective review of children with Reese- motherapy compared with a 12% reduction at a similar Ellsworth stages IV and V retinoblastoma undergoing pri- time point (1 month) after initiation of EBRT (PϽ.004). mary globe-conserving therapy with either systemic che- There was no statistically significant difference in tu- moreduction or EBRT. Study variables were recorded at mor volume reduction between treatment modalities at baseline, at monthly intervals for the first 6 months, and the 12-month follow-up visit. Both systemic chemore- at 12 months after the initiation of treatment. Tumor vol- duction and EBRT achieved 100% globe conservation and umes were calculated using basal area and height values 100% patient survival in this series. determined by ultrasonography, physical examination, and fundus photographic review. Conclusions: Retinoblastoma reduction exhibits a dif- ferential time course based on the applied primary treat- Main Outcome Measures: Outcome measures in- ment. -
Immunoconjugate Induces Cytotoxicity in Human Uveal Melanoma Cells
In Vitro Targeting of NG2 Antigen by 213Bi-9.2.27 ␣-Immunoconjugate Induces Cytotoxicity in Human Uveal Melanoma Cells Yong Li,1,2 Jian Wang,1,3 Syed M. Abbas Rizvi,1 Martine J. Jager,4 Robert M. Conway,2 Francis A. Billson,2 Barry J. Allen,1,2,3 and Michele C. Madigan2 PURPOSE. To examine uveal melanoma cell lines for the expres- mately 95% of all uveal melanomas. Primary uveal melanomas sion of human melanoma proteoglycan (NG2) using monoclo- may be treated successfully with enucleation, local tumor re- nal antibody (mAb) 9.2.27 and subsequently to assess the in section, laser photocoagulation, plaque radiotherapy, proton vitro specificity and cytotoxicity of mAb 9.2.27 conjugated to beam therapy, or combinations of therapies.1–6 Earlier studies 213 213 the ␣-particle–emitting radioisotope bismuth ( Bi-9.2.27) found minimal benefits using intravenous chemotherapy or for uveal melanoma cells. immunotherapy for primary and metastatic uveal melanoma, METHODS. Immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry were though some success with these modalities has been reported used to examine OCM-1, OCM-3, OCM-8, OMM-1, Mel202 and recently.6–9 Proton beam therapy or local plaque therapy gen- 92–1 melanoma cell lines for NG2 expression. Melanoma cells erally produces good clinical responses.10 However, radiation- were treated with test (213Bi-9.2.27) or control (213Bi-A2) ␣-im- associated morbidity remains a problem and usually involves munoconjugates (AICs). The specific cytotoxicity of 213Bi- long-term visual complications. Most patients with uveal mel- 9.2.27 AIC was evaluated using an MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- anoma display no detectable evidence of metastases at the time 2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfenyl)-2H-tetrazolium, of diagnosis; however, within 5 years of enucleation, meta- inner salt) assay. -
Role of Gambogic Acid and Nai131 in A549/DDP Cells
ONCOLOGY LETTERS 13: 37-44, 2017 Role of gambogic acid and NaI131 in A549/DDP cells JING HUANG1, XIAOLI ZHU1, HUAN WANG2, SHUHUA HAN1, LU LIU3, YAN XIE3, DAOZHEN CHEN4, QIANG ZHANG1, LI ZHANG1 and YUE HU1 1Department of Pneumology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University; 2Department of Clinical Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University; 3Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009; 4Department of Central Laboratory, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China Received May 14, 2015; Accepted June 17, 2016 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5435 Abstract. Resistance to platinum in tumor tissue is a Introduction considerable barrier against effective lung cancer treatment. Radionuclide therapy is the primary adjuvant treatment, Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated however, the toxic side effects limit its dosage in the clinical mortality in the USA. In 2015, there was an estimated setting. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine 221,200 novel cases of lung and bronchial cancer diagnosed, whether an NaI131 radiosensitizer could help reduce the toxic and 158,040 mortalities were attributed to lung cancer (1). In side effects of radionuclide therapy. In vitro experiments were China, lung cancer-associated mortality accounts for >20% of conducted to determine whether NaI131 can inhibit platinum all cancer mortalities (2). Currently, chemotherapy regimens resistance in A549/DDP cells, which are cisplatin-resistant containing platinum are the primary therapies for advanced non-small cell lung cancer cells, and whether gambogic acid non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (3).