Veliko se v martnem dogaja tudi na kulturnem podroèju, kjer se èez leto zvrstijo razne delavnice, razstave in praznovanja, pri katerih vèasih sodeluje kar vsa vas. Proti koncu aprila se v mártenske gase naseli prireditev Brda in vino; v zaèetku junija, ko Brda praznujejo Praznik èeenj, postane martno prizorièe kulturno-kulinariènih dogodkov, zadnji junijski konec tedna pa ga preplavijo zvoki Smartfesta etno jazz festivala. Konec avgusta se kraj spremeni v pravljièno vas; sredi septembra se med obzidjem odvrti Festival neodvisnega filma FI; oktobra se po njem sprehajajo udeleenci prireditve Foto Brda, november pa okrona cultural monument martinovanje, povezano predvsem s pokuino novega vina. V galeriji Hie kulture se nizajo redne likovne razstave, koncerti in gledalike predstave. Brika hia pa ponuja na ogled staro SLO opremo preprostega doma z ognjièem. ENG
There are many events going on in martno in the field of culture: various workshops, exhibitions and celebrations are organised having the entire village participate. Thus, on the third weekend in April there is the event entitled Brda and Wine, during the first and the second weekend in June, celebrating the Cherry Festival; there are cultural and culinary events, the Smartfest - Etno Jazz Festival is held during the last weekend in June; during the last weekend in June and in August the event called martno informacijske table po naselju informacijske boards village information - fabulous village is held; the third weekend in September hosts a festival of independent film production - FI; the Brda Photo event is held on the third weekend in October and in November there is a big celebration for St. Martin's Day since the name day of St. Martin is most favoured for the tasting of the new wine. In the gallery of the House of Culture there are regular art exhibitions, concerts and theatre performances.
martno 38-40 I 5211 Kojsko T: +386 (0)5 99 24 566 I 031 750 673 [email protected] I www.jota.si VINJEVIK
NEBLO KOJSKO studio MANZAN MARTNO MANZANO DOBROVO HUM PLEIVO martno 38-40 I 5211 Kojsko TEVERJAN T: +386 (0)5 99 24 566 I 031 750 673 SAN FLORIANO [email protected] I www.jota.si DEL COLLIO VIPOLE KRMIN GORICA NOVA CORMONS GORIZIA GORICA VIDEM UDINE Hia Marica I martno 33 I 5211 Kojsko T: +386 (0)5 30 41 039 www.marica.si I [email protected] Gostièe TURN I martno 62 I 5211 Kojsko A T: +386 (0)51 684 132 SOUVENIR [email protected] Graz Budapest H I EVROPSKA UNIJA REPUBLIKA SLOVENIJA BRDA Evropski kmetijski sklad za razvoj podeelja: Evropa investira v podeelje SLO Milano Projekt delno financira EU. Ljubljana Za vsebino informacij je odgovoren Zavod za turizem, kulturo, mladino in port Brda. Agencija Marica I martno 33 I 5211 Kojsko Zagreb Organ upravljanja za Program razvoja podeelja T: +386 (0)5 992 79 45 Venezia Republike Slovenije za obdobje 2007-2013je Ministrstvo za kmetijstvo in okolje. www.marica-agency.com CRO [email protected] "Europen Agricultural Fund for Rural Development: Europe investing in Rural Areas." The project is partially financed by the EU. Brda Institute for Tourism, Culture,Youth and Sport shall be held responsible for the content of information provided. The Ministry of Agriculture and the Environment is a Governing Body of the 2007- 2013 Rural Areas Development Plan of the Republic of Slovenia. Turistièno informacijski center Brda Izdal / Published by: Zavod za turizem, kulturo, mladino in port Brda; Avtorji besedil na info tablah po naselju / Tourist information centre Brda Texts on info boards: Ernesta Drole, Tanja Gomirek, Neva Makuc, Inga Miklavèiè Brezigar, Minka Osojnik, Grajska cesta 10, 5212 Dobrovo Drago Sedmak, Izidor Simèiè, Drago Svoljak, Andrejka èukovt; martno 38-40 I 5211 Kojsko T: +386 (0)5 99 24 566 I 031 750 673 T: +386 (0)5 395 95 94 I F: +386 (0)5 395 95 95 Oblikovanje / Design by: 123 Design; Fotografije / Photos by : Arhiv TIC Brda, Joe Suhadolnik, Minka Osojnik, SOUVENIR Sibil Slejko, Jure Kolenc, Agencija Jota, Arhiv Elvira Markoèiè, Arhiv Salonit Anhovo; Lektoriranje: Iva Sivec; [email protected] I www.jota.si [email protected] I www.brda.si Prevod / Translated by: Forum Center d.o.o.; Tisk / Printed by: Tiskarna Petriè; Naklada / Print run: 10.000 lost its strategic importance, the classical function of the settlement as a camp started to intertwine ENG with constant settlement function. The farming population thus, owing to their life and understanding of architecture, have created the shape of a camp-style settlement encircled by a wall. - the Village (EID 753) The ground design of martno is of an irregular oval shape. A dominating feature in martno is the parish church dedicated to St. Martin. A bell tower with embrasures dates back to the 14th martno lies in the geographical centre of Gorika century. The last larger renovation works of the church took place between 1895 and 1899 and Brda and is designated a settlement monument between 1958 and 1960 when its interior was rearranged by the painter and sculptor Tone Kralj. of local importance by way of municipal The remaining residential and farming buildings in the village stand in a dense formation. Two ordinance. The poet, Alojz Gradnik, born in the piazzas, the north-eastern and south-western ones - have been developed in accordance with the neighbouring Medana, described it as an eagle's defence principles of city gates of the Middle Ages. The first houses of martno, preserved today nest, perched on a spot where, when the weather only in bits and pieces, were one-floor buildings, consisting of one or two parts and covered with is sunny, the view stretches up from Nanos to the a steep roof made of stone. In the 18th and 19th centuries, buildings became larger in terms of east, to the Carnic Alps to the northwest, and to their floor design and height and an external connection element was built in, being a staircase the spacious Friuli to the west and all the way to with a balcony ("gank" in local dialect) which was protected against the rain and sun by means the Adriatic Sea. of a wide projecting roof, decorated with tiles dipped in lime and creating various patterns. Today, Upodobitev utrdbe martno iz 16. stoletja The earliest settlement of martno was influenced saddle roofs are covered with tiles. The construction of a special extension, called "spahnjenec" Portrayal of martno fortification from 16th century by its strategic location on a dominating hill. The or "batafur" by locals in Gorika Brda, made the original kitchen with a free standing fireplace antique settlement of the village has been modern. The construction was covered by a range hood designed for catching and expelling smoke proven by a fragment of a Roman tombstone into a tall and skilfully designed chimney. dekleta na glavi nosila tudi do trideset kilogramov built into the parish church and a coin of the Upon the outbreak of the First World War, people from martno were also called up into the army. teke koe sadja, ki so ga prodajale po hiah v Emperor Constantine found during the renovation After the Kingdom of Italy entered the war in May 1915, some men and boys from Brda and martno raznih krajih. Domov so se smele vrniti le s prazno works of the southeast tower. The first written also fought at the Soèa Front and in other parts of the South-Western Front. In a bombing attack è télo. Izginula dejavnost v Brdih so na poseben record of martno comes from the 14th century in January 1916, houses and outbuildings in the northern part of the village, called Brjaè, were naèin lupljene, veplane in suene slive, prunéle, when tithes were levied here by the Gorica count. destroyed, and approximately forty people were killed and wounded. Around 15 February 1916, ki so bile namenjene zgolj prodaji v tujino in so The wall in martno is first mentioned in 1512, as people from martno left their home village en masse as refugees and returned only in November zaslovele celo v severni Ameriki. a camp Sancti Martini in Collibus. 1918. During the Second World War, in March After the death of the last Gorica count in 1500, 24. junija, na predveèer praznika Janeza Krstnika, 1944, several houses were burned down and in the Gorica region was inherited by the Habsburg two bombing attacks in 1944 and 1945 there were ko je dan najdalji in noè najkraja, obudijo v Emperor Maximilian who had to fight for the several casualties. There is a memorial plaque martnem staro ego. V èast svetemu Ivánu, ki SLO right to own the land in long-lasting battles with standing in the village in memory of these events. - Vas (EID 753)* mu je posveèen levi stranski oltar v upni cerkvi, the Venetians (1508 - 1521 and 1615 - 1617). Thus, Gorika Brda is a landscape with typical rolling spletajo vence iz rumenih ro sv. Ivana, vèasih on this turbulent Venetian - Habsburg border a hills where viticulture has always been pursued. pa so jih spletali iz belih cvetov, ki so jih nabirali frontier fortified settlement was developed, which martno lei v geografskem sredièu Gorikih brd in je z obèinskim odlokom razglaeno za The information that in 1377 Bertold from Cialle po brâjdah. Ivánov venec obesijo nad vhodna was gradually encircled by the wall and seven sold one vineyard in martno to Nikolai from naselbinski spomenik lokalnega pomena. Pesnik Alojz Gradnik, rojen v sosednji Medani, je vrata; v ljudskem verovanju ima magièno in towers. In later centuries, particularly in the Florence for one mark tells us that the village martno oznaèil kot orlovsko gnezdo, ki di na toèki, od koder se ob jasnem vremenu na vzhodu obrambno moè, saj hio in njene prebivalce varuje middle of the 18th and 19th century, when martno was encircled by vineyards even then. In addition odpira pogled do Nanosa, na severozahodu do Karnijskih Alp in na zahodu na prostrano Furlanijo, pred nesreèo in hudo uro. Rumena barva to a distinctive leaning towards viticulture fruit vse do Jadranskega morja. simbolizira moè sonca, v venèek spleteno cvetje growing has always been typical of Brda Najzgodnejo poselitev martnega je pogojevala strateka lega na grièu, antièno poselitev naselja pa veènost. (cherries, pears, apricots, plums, peaches, figs pa dokazujeta fragment rimskega nagrobnika, vzidan v upno cerkev, in novec cesarja Konstantina, and chestnuts). Fruit was sold at local markets najden med obnovo jugovzhodnega stolpa. Prva pisna omemba martnega sega v 14. stoletje, and wine also on more distant markets. It is 11. novembra, na god svetega Martina, se mot ko je tu desetino pobiral goriki grof. mártensko obzidje se prviè omenja leta 1512 kot tabor known that girls from martno carried on their spremeni v vino. Briki kmet je takrat konèal svoje Sancti Martini in Collibus. heads baskets of fruit of up to 30 kg selling fruit letno delovno obdobje in lahko si je privoèil Po smrti zadnjega gorikega grofa leta 1500 je Goriko podedoval habsburki cesar Maksimiljan, in the homes of foreign towns. They were allowed kratek poèitek. God svetega Martina je bil tudi ki si je pravico do obmoèja moral priboriti v bojih z Beneèani (15081521 in 16151617). Tako je na to return home only if they brought an empty mejnik, do katerega je moral vsak dolnik tej nemirni beneèansko-habsburki meji nastala utrjena naselbina, ki so jo postopno obdali basket - locally called "èestela". An activity known poravnati svoje dolgove. Èe se, denimo, kolon z z obzidjem in sedmimi stolpi. V kasnejih stoletjih, zlasti v sredini osemnajstega in v devetnajstem, in Brda which has disappeared today was a gospodarjem ni dogovoril za podaljanje pogodbe, special method of peeling, sulphuring and drying ko martno izgubi strateki pomen, se priène klasièna taborska funkcija naselja prepletati s stalno Tipièen primer spahnjence, batafurja je moral zapustiti kmetijo. V Brdih je bil namreè plums locally called "prunella" which were naseljenostjo. Kmeèki ivelj s svojim naèinom ivljenja in stavbarstvom prekrije obliko obzidanega Typical example of kitchen extension, locally called razirjen t.i. kolonat, kar pomeni, da je kmet explicitly dedicated to sale abroad and acquired taborskega naselja. "spahnjenec" or "batafur". delal na zakupnem zemljièu, veèinoma v lasti a great reputation even in North America. plemikih druin. Danes se v Brdih in martnem On the eve of the holiday of St. John the Baptist, V talni zasnovi ima martno obliko nepravilnega ovala, v katerem zavzema prevladujoèe mesto god sv. Martina predvsem povezuje s pokuino 24 July, when the day is the longest and the night upna cerkev, posveèena svetemu Martinu. S cinami zakljuèen zvonik izvira iz 14. stoletja. Zadnjo novega vina. the shortest, an old custom is revived in martno, veèjo predelavo je cerkev doivela med leti 1895 in 1899, njeno notranjèino pa je med leti 19581960 when, for the honour of St. John ( the left side- preuredil slikar in kipar Tone Kralj. Druge stanovanjske in gospodarske stavbe stojijo v sklenjenih altar in the parish church is dedicated to him), nizih; dvoje trgov, severovzhodni in jugozahodni, sta oblikovana po obrambnih naèelih takratnih Tradicionalen vaki praznik k pél nca je na belo garlands are woven from the flowers of St. John. mestnih vrat. Prve mártenske hie, ohranjene le e v fragmentih, so bile enonadstropne, eno- nedeljo, ki je prva nedelja po veliki noèi. Takrat The John's garland which is hung on the ali dvodelne in pokrite s strmo kamnito streho. V 18. in 19. stoletju objekte tlorisno in viinsko se mártenci in drugi Brici odpravijo na romanje entrance doors of houses is woven from yellow na Vrhovlje pri Kojskem k sveti mai v cerkev poveèajo in med prostori vzpostavijo zunanjo komunikacijo, stopnièe z balkonom (p ju), ki ga flowers (Buphthalmum salicifolium), but once they Brezmadene Marije. Po konèanih veèernicah se used to make it from white flowers which were pred dejem varuje irok streni napuè. Slednji je okraen s planétami z raznovrstnimi vzorci, praznovanje nadaljuje v martnem s plesom na collected in the vineyards. According to folklore, nastalimi s pomakanjem v apno. Dvokapne strehe pokriva danes korèna kritina. Pozidava posebnega prostem na b rjárju (lesenem odru). the John's garland has a magical and defence prizidka, spahnjenice ali batafúrja, kot prizidku pravijo v Brdih, pa je prvotno kuhinjo s power, protecting the house and its citizens prostostojeèim ognjièem posodobila. Spahnjenico so na vrhu zaprli z napo, ki je sluila za lovljenje martenska gasa against misfortune and thunderstorm. The yellow in odvajanje dima v visok in umetelno oblikovan dimnik. Narrow street (gasa by locals) in martno Kamnita plastika Sveti Martin na konju, upna cerkev colour of the flowers symbolises the sun, and Ob izbruhu prve svetovne vojne so bili tudi mártenci vpoklicani v avstro-ogrsko vojsko. Ko je sv. Martina / A stone-carved statue of St. Martin flowers, woven into the garland, the eternity. Kraljevina Italija maja 1915 vstopila v vojno, so se nekateri Brici, in med njimi mártenci, bojevali on a horse, St. Martin's parish church On St. Martin's day, 11 November, the church in tudi na sokem in ostalih delih jugozahodnega bojièa. V bombnem napadu januarja 1916 so bile martno is dedicated to this saint, the must is hie in gospodarski objekti v severnem delu vasi, v B rjáèu, porueni, ubitih in ranjenih je bilo turned into wine. In the past, this was when the annual working cycle of the Brda farmer was completed and he could afford a short rest. By St. Martin's Day, every debtor had to settle his debts. A tenant who okrog tirideset ljudi. Sredi februarja 1916 so mártenci mnoièno odli v begunstvo, vrnili so se did not agree with his landlord for the extension of his agreement, had to leave his farm. It was the ele novembra 1918. Med drugo svetovno vojno (marca 1944) je bilo v vasi poganih veè hi, v dveh landlord and tenant system that used to be widespread in Brda, when a farmer was working on bombnih napadih leta 1944 in 1945 je bilo tudi veè smrtnih rtev. V spomin na te dogodke so leased land which was predominantly owned by noble families. In martno today you can visit the postavili spominsko obeleje. exhibitions in the House of Culture, and in the Brda House, the former equipment of a simple home Gorika brda so tipièna grièevnata pokrajina, kjer se prebivalci od nekdaj ukvarjajo z vinogradnitvom. with a fireplace. The village becomes particularly lively on the first Sunday after Easter when the Podatek, da je Bertold iz Cialle leta 1377 za eno marko prodal vinograd v martnem Nikolaju iz traditional village festival locally called Kapélnca takes place. On this occasion people from martno Firenc, nam pove, da so kraj obdajali vinogradi. Poleg izrazite usmerjenosti v vinogradnitvo je za and from Brda set off on a pilgrimage to Vrhovlje pri Kojskem to attend Holy Mass in the Church of Brda od nekdaj znaèilno tudi gojenje sadja (èeenj, hruk, marelic, sliv, breskev, fig in kostanja). Suenje sliv, druga polovica 20. stoletja martenski trgaèi Mary Immaculate. In the afternoon, after the concluded vespers, the feast continues in martno with Sadje in vino pa so prodajali na lokalnih in tudi oddaljenejih trgih. Znano je, da so mártenska Plum drying in martno, the second half of the 20th century martno's grape-pickers an open air dance on a wooden stage ("brjarj"). *enotna identifikacija dedièine