A Cultural Resource Evaluation for the Pavement Replacement Project on Washington Street
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ATTACHMENT 2 A CULTURAL RESOURCE EVALUATION FOR THE PAVEMENT REPLACEMENT PROJECT ON WASHINGTON STREET, BETWEEN GERARD STREET AND LINCOLN AVENUE, CALISTOGA, NAPA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA. SUBMITTED TO: Erik Lundquist, Senior Planner City of Calistoga Planning and Building Department 1232 Washington Street Calistoga, CA 94515 SUBMITTED BY: Sally Evans, M.A., RPA, Principal Archaeologist Evans & De Shazo, LLC Evans & De Shazo, LLC 118 W. Hills Circle Sebastopol, CA 95472 707‐484‐9628 July 28, 2015 www.evans‐deshazo.com Redacted Version of Final Report STATEMENT OF CONFIDENTIALITY This report identifies the locations of cultural resources, which are confidential. As nonrenewable resources, archaeological sites can be significantly impacted by disturbances that can affect their cultural, scientific, and artistic values. Disclosure of this information to the public may be in violation of both federal and state laws. To discourage the damage, vandalism and artifact looting, archaeological site locations shall be kept confidential and report distribution restricted to applicable land managers and those meeting the U.S. Secretary of the Interior's professional standards or California State Personnel Board criteria for Associate State Archaeologist or State Historian II. Applicable U.S. laws include, but may not be limited to, Section 304 of the National Historic Preservation Act (16 USC 470w- 3) and the Archaeological Resources Protection Act (16 USC 470hh). California state laws that apply include, but may not be limited to, Government Code Sections 6250 et seq. and 6254 et seq. Furthermore, disclosure of archaeological site location information to individuals other than those meeting the U.S. Secretary of the Interior’s professional standards or California State Personnel Board criteria for Associate State Archaeologist or State Historian II violates the California Office of Historic Preservation’s records access policy. Location information regarding aspects of the built environment, including the section of rails evaluated herein, is not restricted. REDACTED VERSION This report has been revised to exclude confidential information. Evans & De Shazo, LLC Page i TABLE OF CONTENTS STATEMENT OF CONFIDENTIALITY ....................................................................... I REDACTED VERSION ............................................................................................. I INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................ 1 PROJECT LOCATION ............................................................................................ 1 REGULATORY SETTING ........................................................................................ 3 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC RESOURCES ................................................................................................... 3 CALIFORNIA REGISTER OF HISTORICAL RESOURCES .............................................................................................. 4 CITY OF CALISTOGA HISTORIC PRESERVATION GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES ...................................................... 5 CULTURAL CONTEXT ........................................................................................... 7 PREHISTORIC SETTING .................................................................................................................................... 7 ETHNOGRAPHIC SETTING ................................................................................................................................ 9 HISTORIC SETTING ....................................................................................................................................... 10 HISTORY OF THE NAPA VALLEY INTERURBAN RAILROAD ..................................................................................... 13 LITERATURE REVIEW ......................................................................................... 25 NATIVE AMERICAN SACRED LANDS INVENTORY ................................................................................................ 27 FIELD SURVEY ................................................................................................... 28 RAILROAD TRACKS ....................................................................................................................................... 28 EVALUATION OF THE NAPA VALLEY INTERURBAN RAILROAD FEATURE ............. 30 NATIONAL REGISTER AND CALIFORNIA REGISTER CRITERIA ................................................................................. 30 CITY OF CALISTOGA'S CULTURAL RESOURCE GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES ..................................................... 31 CONCLUSIONS .................................................................................................. 32 RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................................................... 32 REFERENCES CITED ............................................................................................ 34 Evans & De Shazo, LLC Page ii INTRODUCTION Evans & De Shazo, LLC was contracted by the City of Calistoga to provide a Cultural Resource Evaluation (CRE) for the potential Pavement Replacement Project located within a one-block section of Washington Street between Gerard Street and Lincoln Avenue in the City of Calistoga, Napa County, California. The CRE includes an evaluation of the last remaining 177' long section of the Napa Valley Interurban Railroad following National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) and California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR) criteria. The purpose of the Cultural Resource Evaluation is to determine (1) if the existing segment of railroad is considered a significant historical resources as defined by California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), (2) the potential for there to be additional cultural resources present that could be adversely affected by the proposed project, and (3) to provide further recommendations if necessary. The methods used to determine the presence or absence of significant cultural resources include archival research, a field survey and application of the NRHP and CRHR criteria. The findings in this report are based on specific guidelines and evaluation criteria of the CRHR (14 CCR §15064.5 and PRC§ 21084.1), the NRHP (36 CFR Part 60.4) and guidelines developed by the City of Calistoga. Evans & De Shazo principal archaeologist Sally Evans, M.A., RPA conducted archival research, surveyed the project area and served as project manager. PROJECT DESCRIPTION The project consists of a proposed replacement of existing pavement within a one-block section of Washington Street due to the deterioration that is posing a public safety hazard. The project will entail removing the existing pavement and rail tracks, excavating and replacing 18-24" of road base and soil, and compacting and laying new pavement over the prepared surface. PROJECT LOCATION The Project is located within a section of Washington Street between Gerard Street and Lincoln Avenue in the City of Calistoga, Napa County, California. The Project Area is approximate 240' long and 40' wide. Excavation in order to replace the pavement within this defined area is expected to reach depths ranging from 18-24 inches. In Figure 1, the project area is shown as being located within in the former Mexican era land grant of Carne Human, within unsectioned land of Township 9 North, Range 7 West, extended, Mt. Diablo Base and Meridian. The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) grid coordinates to the approximate center of the project area, as determined by measurement from the USGS Calistoga 7.5-minute quadrangle map (1958; photo revised 1980 and 1993) are: 4270086 meters North 536716 meters East, Zone 10 Evans & De Shazo, LLC Page 1 Project Area City of Calistoga Public Works Department: J-2015-06-A1-0019: Project Area Washington Street Pavement Replacement Project USGS 7.5' Calistoga quadrangle (1998) Washington Street between Miles Gerald Street and Lincoln Avenue ¯ 00.50.25 Figure 1: Project area as shown on the USGS 7.5' Calistoga quadrangle. Evans & De Shazo, LLC Page 2 REGULATORY SETTING Historical resources are distinguished by features, materials, spaces, and spatial relationships that contribute to their historic character. The project area was evaluated to determine the presence or absence of potentially significant cultural resources, namely those that have the potential to meet the NRHR and/or CRHR criteria. The existing railroad tracks were evaluated to determine eligibility using both the CRHR and NRHP criteria. The five general categories of properties for the NRHP and the CRHR include: Building: A structure created principally to shelter or assist in carrying out any form of human activity. A “building” may also be used to refer to a historically and functionally related unit, such as a courthouse and jail or a house and barn. Structure: A construction made for a functional purpose rather than creating human shelter. Examples include mines, bridges, and tunnels. Object: Construction primarily artist in nature or relatively small in scale and simply constructed. It may be movable by nature or design or made for a specific setting or environment. Objects should be in a setting appropriate to their significant historic use or character. Examples include fountains, monuments, maritime resources, sculptures and boundary markers. Site: