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Kemijoen Pääuoman Vesistötarkkailusuunnitelma Vuosille 2019-2024

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Kemijoen Pääuoman Vesistötarkkailusuunnitelma Vuosille 2019-2024 KEMIJOEN PÄÄUOMAN VESISTÖTARKKAILUSUUNNITELMA VUOSILLE 2019-2024 EUROFINS AHMA OYOY Projektinro: 20993 i Kemijoen yhteistarkkailu Vesistötarkkailusuunnitelma vuosille 2019-2024 ______________________________________________________________________________ OSA 1. KEMIJOEN YHTEISTARKKAILUN VESISTÖTARKKAILUSUUNNITELMA VUOSILLE 2019-2024 15.6.2018 20.3.2019 muutokset ohjelmaan ELY-keskuksen hyväksymispäätöksen (LAPELY/705/2019) mukaisesti Satu Ojala Sisällysluettelo: 1. JOHDANTO ...................................................................................................................... 1 2. TARKKAILUALUEEN KUVAUS ...................................................................................... 1 3. TARKKAILUN PERIAATTEET JA KYTKENNÄT MUIHIN TARKKAILUIHIN JA SEURANTOIHIN ............................................................................................................... 3 3.1 KÄYNNISSÄ OLEVAT HANKKEET JA VIREILLÄ OLEVAT ASIAT ..................................................... 4 4. TARKKAILUVELVOLLISET ............................................................................................ 5 5. VEDEN LAADUN TARKKAILUN YLEISET PERIAATTEET .......................................... 7 6. KEMIJÄRVEN TARKKAILU ............................................................................................ 7 6.1 PERUSTARKKAILU ................................................................................................................ 8 6.1.1 Kemijärvi ........................................................................................................................... 9 6.1.2 Suljetut järvet .................................................................................................................. 10 6.2 LAAJA TARKKAILU .............................................................................................................. 11 6.2.1 Kemijärvi ......................................................................................................................... 11 6.2.2 Suljetut järvet .................................................................................................................. 12 6.2.3 Kasviplanktontarkkailu .................................................................................................... 13 6.2.4 Pohjaeläintarkkailu .......................................................................................................... 14 6.2.5 Vesikasvillisuuskartoitus ................................................................................................. 15 7. JÄTEVEDENPUHDISTAMOJEN JA KALANKAS-VATUSLAITOSTEN LÄHIALUEEN TARKKAILU ................................................................................................................... 16 7.1 VEDEN LAADUN TARKKAILU ............................................................................................... 17 7.1.1 Jätevedenpuhdistamot .................................................................................................... 17 7.1.2 Kalankasvatuslaitokset ................................................................................................... 17 7.2 PERIFYTONIN PIILEVÄSTÖN TARKKAILU ............................................................................... 19 7.3 KALALAITOSTEN LÄHIALUEEN LIMOITTUMISTARKKAILU .......................................................... 20 8. LAPIN ELY-KESKUKSEN SEURANTA ........................................................................ 21 9. UIMAVESITARKKAILU.................................................................................................. 22 10. TULOSTEN TOIMITTAMINEN JA RAPORTOINTI ....................................................... 22 11. OHJELMAN MUUTOKSET ............................................................................................ 24 12. YHTEYSTIEDOT ............................................................................................................ 24 VIITTEET ..................................................................................................................................... 25 LIITTEET ..................................................................................................................................... 25 ii Kemijoen yhteistarkkailu Vesistötarkkailusuunnitelma vuosille 2019-2024 ______________________________________________________________________________ LIITTEET Liite 1. Kemijoen vesistöalue ja kuormittajien sekä Lapin ELY-keskuksen seurantapisteiden sijainti Liite 2. Alueen muut tarkkailut Liite 3. Kemijärven veden laadun tarkkailupisteiden sijainnit Liite 4. Kemijoen veden laadun tarkkailupisteiden sijainnit Liite 4.1. Kaihuan kvl Liite 4.2. Koillis-Suomen Lohen kvl Joentakanen Liite 4.3. Vanttauskosken kvl Liite 4.4. Taivalkosken kvl Liite 4.5. Seitakorvan kvl Liite 4.6. Saarenputaan Lohen kvl Liite 4.7. Petäjäskosken jvp ja kvl Liite 4.8. Koivuputaan kvl Liite 4.9. Louen maaseutuoppilaitoksen jvp ja Ossauskosken kvl Liite 4.10. Keminmaan jvp ja ELY:n piste Kemijoki Isohaara 14000 Liite 4.11. Muurolan jvp Liite 4.12. Pelkosenniemen jvp Liite 4.13. Pirttikosken jvp Liite 4.14. Rovaniemen jvp Liite 4.15. Savukosken jvp ja ELY:n piste Kemijoki Savukoski 14700 Liite 4.16. Sodankylän jvp Liite 4.17. Tervolan jvp Liite 4.18. ELY:n piste Kemijoki Oikarainen 2 Liite 5. Vesikasvillisuuskartoituksen havaintopisteet Liite 6. Pohjaeläinseurantalinjojen sijainti kartalla Liite 7. Tarkkailuvelvollisten yhteystiedot Liite 8. Kalankasvatuslaitosten sijainti ja limoittumistarkkailun havaintopaikat Copyright © Eurofins Ahma Oy Niemenkatu 73 15140 LAHTI p. 040-1333800 Pohjakartat: © Maanmittauslaitos Kuvat: © Eurofins Ahma Oy 1 Kemijoen yhteistarkkailu Vesistötarkkailusuunnitelma vuosille 2019-2024 ______________________________________________________________________________ 1. JOHDANTO Kemijoen vesistön yhteistarkkailu on alkanut vuonna 1976 joen alaosalla ja vuonna 1980 siihen liitettiin Kemijärven alue. Viimeisin tarkkailuohjelma on laadittu vuosille 2013-2018 (Lapin Vesitutkimus Oy 2013). Kemijoen yhteistarkkailuun kuuluu yhdyskuntien jätevedenpuhdistamoita, kalankasvatuslaitoksia, Stora Enso Oyj:n Kemijärven tehdas sekä Kemijärven säännöstely (Kemijoki Oy). Yhteistarkkailun koordinoinnista vastaa Kemijoen vesiensuojeluyhdistys ry. Vesistöalueella on kuormittajia myös yhteistarkkailun ulkopuolella ja niillä on omia päästö- ja vaikutustarkkailuohjelmia. Myös Kemijoen yhteistarkkailuun kuuluvien laitosten päästötarkkailut toteutetaan laitoskohtaisesti erillisten tarkkailuohjelmien mukaan. Kemijoen vesistön yhteistarkkailun alue on rajattu Kemijoen pääuomaan. Alueeseen sisältyy Kemijärvi sekä siitä patoamalla erotetut järvet. Ounasjoen ja muiden Kemijoen sivujokien alueella tarkkailut toteutetaan erikseen. Ounasjoen yhteistarkkailu aloitettiin vuonna 2016 ja ohjelma koskee vuosia 2016-2018 (Pöyry Finland Oy 2015). Ounasjoen yhteistarkkailuohjelma päivitetään Kemijoen yhteistarkkailuohjelman kanssa samaan aikaa ja on esitetty osiossa 2. Myös Lokan ja Porttipahdan tekojärvien sekä niiden alapuolisten jokien tarkkailu toteutetaan erillisen tarkkailuohjelman (Pöyry Finland Oy 2012) mukaisesti. Lokan ja Porttipahdan tarkkailu sekä Kemijoen vesistön yhteistarkkailu menevät alueellisesti päällekkäin siten, että Lokan ja Porttipahdan tarkkailu ulottuu Pelkosenniemelle asti, mutta Sodankylän ja Savukosken puhdistamot ovat kuitenkin mukana Kemijoen yhteistarkkailussa. Kemijoen vesistöalueella sijaitsevien turvetuotantoalueiden tarkkailu toteutetaan turvetuotannon omien tarkkailuohjelmien mukaisesti. Yhteistarkkailun osakkaat käynnistivät Kemijoen yhteistarkkailuohjelman uudistamisen loppuvuodesta 2017. Uusi tarkkailusuunnitelma esitetään hyväksyttäväksi Lapin ELY-keskukselle ja se on tarkoitus ottaa käyttöön vuoden 2019 alusta alkaen. 2. TARKKAILUALUEEN KUVAUS Kemijoen vesistöalue on pinta-alaltaan Suomen toiseksi suurin Vuoksen vesistön jälkeen. Kemijoen vesistöalueen pinta-ala (F) on 51 127 km², josta Suomen puolella on 49 467 km² (Ekholm 1993). Varsinainen Kemijoen pääuoma saa alkunsa Pelkosenniemeltä, missä yhtyvät kolme suurinta latvajokea: Kitinen (F = 12 087 km²), Luiro (F = 4 415 km²) ja Ylä-Kemijoki (F = 9 348 km²). (Liite 1) Kemijoen vesistöalueella sijaitsee kolme suurta järveä: Lokan ja Porttipahdan tekoaltaat sekä Kemijärvi. Kemijoen vesistöalue on säännöstelty lukuun ottamatta Ylä-Kemijokea ja Ounasjokea. Kitisessä Porttipahdan alapuolella sijaitsee seitsemän voimalaitosta ja Kemijoessa Kemijärven alapuolella, kahdeksan voimalaitosta. Lisäksi Pohjois-Suomen aluehallintovirasto myönsi 31.5.2011 Kemijoki Oy:lle vesitalousluvan Sierilän voimalaitoksen rakentamiseen, käyttöön ja vesistön säännöstelyyn. Hallinto-oikeus myönsi Kemijoki Oy:lle vesitalousluvan 3.3.2015. Päätöksestä on valitettu Korkeimpaan hallinto-oikeuteen. Näiden lisäksi Kemijoen sivu-uomissa sijaitsevat seuraavat voimalaitokset: Permantokosken voimalaitos (Raudanjoki), Jumiskon voimalaitos (Suolijärvien säännöstely), Juottaan voimalaitos (Juottaan tekojärvi ja Juotasjärvi) sekä Kaihuan voimalaitos (Kaihuanjoki). 2 Kemijoen yhteistarkkailu Vesistötarkkailusuunnitelma vuosille 2019-2024 ______________________________________________________________________________ Kemijärven säännöstely on suurin Suomen luonnonvesissä toteutettu säännöstely. Järven yläosan veden korkeus vaihtelee kolme metriä ja muissa osissa pohjapatojen ja kynnysten erottamia alueita lukuun ottamatta vaihtelu on enimmillään seitsemän metriä. Itse järven säännöstelyn ohella sen tilaan vaikuttaa valuma-alueella sijaitsevien
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