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Bionic Shape Design of Electric Locomotive and Aerodynamic Drag Reduction
ARCHIVES OF TRANSPORT ISSN (print): 0866-9546 Volume 48, Issue 4, 2018 e-ISSN (online): 2300-8830 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8369 BIONIC SHAPE DESIGN OF ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE AND AERODYNAMIC DRAG REDUCTION Zhenfeng WU1, Yanzhong HUO2, Wangcai DING3, Zihao XIE4 1, 2, 3, 4 School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China Contact: 1) [email protected] Abstract: Bionics has been widely used in many fields. Previous studies on the application of bionics in locomotives and vehicles mainly focused on shape optimisation of high-speed trains, but the research on bionic shape design in the electric locomotive field is rare. This study investigated a design method for streamlined electric locomotives according to the principles of bionics. The crocodiles were chosen as the bionic object because of their powerful and streamlined head shape. Firstly, geometric characteristic lines were extracted from the head of a crocodile by analysing the head features. Secondly, according to the actual size requirements of the electric locomotive head, a free-hand sketch of the bionic electric locomotive head was completed by adjusting the position and scale of the geometric characteristic lines. Finally, the non- uniform rational B-splines method was used to establish a 3D digital model of the crocodile bionic electric locomotive, and the main and auxiliary control lines were created. To verify the drag reduction effect of the crocodile bionic electric locomotive, numerical simulations of aerodynamic drag were performed for the crocodile bionic and bluff body electric locomotives at different speeds in open air by using the CFD software, ANSYS FLUENT16.0. -
Super Chief – El Capitan See Page 4 for Details
AUGUST- lyerlyer SEPTEMBER 2020 Ready for Boarding! Late 1960s Combined Super Chief – El Capitan see page 4 for details FLYER SALE ENDS 9-30-20 Find a Hobby Shop Near You! Visit walthers.com or call 1-800-487-2467 WELCOME CONTENTS Chill out with cool new products, great deals and WalthersProto Super Chief/El Capitan Pages 4-7 Rolling Along & everything you need for summer projects in this issue! Walthers Flyer First Products Pages 8-10 With two great trains in one, reserve your Late 1960s New from Walthers Pages 11-17 Going Strong! combined Super Chief/El Capitan today! Our next HO National Model Railroad Build-Off Pages 18 & 19 Railroads have a long-standing tradition of getting every last WalthersProto® name train features an authentic mix of mile out of their rolling stock and engines. While railfans of Santa Fe Hi-Level and conventional cars - including a New From Our Partners Pages 20 & 21 the 1960s were looking for the newest second-generation brand-new model, new F7s and more! Perfect for The Bargain Depot Pages 22 & 23 diesels and admiring ever-bigger, more specialized freight operation or collection, complete details start on page 4. Walthers 2021 Reference Book Page 24 cars, a lot of older equipment kept rolling right along. A feature of lumber traffic from the 1960s to early 2000s, HO Scale Pages 25-33, 36-51 Work-a-day locals and wayfreights were no less colorful, the next run of WalthersProto 56' Thrall All-Door Boxcars N Scale Pages 52-57 with a mix of earlier engines and equipment that had are loaded with detail! Check out these layout-ready HO recently been repainted and rebuilt. -
An Investigation of the Composition of the Flow in and out of a Two-Stroke Diesel Engine and Air Consumption Ratio
energies Article An Investigation of the Composition of the Flow in and out of a Two-Stroke Diesel Engine and Air Consumption Ratio Mirko Grljuši´c 1,2,*, Ivan Tolj 1 and Gojmir Radica 1 1 Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Rudjera Boškovi´ca32, 21000 Split, Croatia; [email protected] (I.T.); [email protected] (G.R.) 2 GM TURBO d.o.o., Vukovarska 58, 21000 Split, Croatia * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +385-98-420-699; Fax: +385-21-305-776 Received: 11 March 2017; Accepted: 9 June 2017; Published: 13 June 2017 Abstract: The aim of this research was to investigate the mass, substance and energy flow through two-stroke low speed Diesel engines. For this reason, a zero-dimensional model of the combustion in the engine was developed with a calculated amount and composition of exhaust gases. Due to the large amount of oxygen in the exhaust gases, a ratio of real air consumption and stoichiometric amount of air required for combustion of injected fuel was set. The calculated ratio showed that the engine consumed four times more air than needed for combustion in AFRstoich. In this work, this was called the Air Consumption Factor or Ratio, and has not previously been mentioned in scientific literature. The air consumption ratio is defined as a factor of dry or humid air. To be more comprehensive, a modified diagram of the composition of the flow in and out of a two-stroke fuel injection engine and the cylinder was made. -
PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE GG1 4800 National Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark
PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE GG1 4800 National Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark Friends of GG1 4800 The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania Strasburg, Pennsylvania April 23, 1983 he GG1 was a remarkable design, and so The locomotive required two frames; one of the two pantographs. Steps at the ends successful, because of its integrative each frame was a one-piece casting from the of the prototype GG1 led to the pantographs T synthesis of innovations from many General Steel Castings Corporation and was on the roof. But, as long as a pantograph was fields of engineering — mechanical, electrical, machined by Baldwin at Eddystone, Pennsyl- raised and “hot”, access was prevented by a industrial. vania. The two frames, each nearly forty feet blocking plate at the top of the steps. Throwing In 1913, before the era of the GG1, the long, held three driver axle assemblies and a a lever swung the plate clear but caused the Pennsylvania Railroad decided to electrify its two-axle pilot truck. Driver axles fit into roller pantograph to de-energize by dropping. tracks in the vicinity of Philadelphia. The bearing boxes that could move vertically in system, at 11,000 volts and 25 hertz, expanded pedestal jaws in the frame. The driver axle Three pairs of General Electric GEA-627-A1 until by the early 1930s it stretched from New was surrounded by a quill on which was electric motors were mounted in each frame. York City south to Wilmington, Delaware, and mounted a ring gear driven by the pinions of Each pair drove one quill. -
The Piedmont Service: Hydrogen Fuel Cell Locomotive Feasibility
The Piedmont Service: Hydrogen Fuel Cell Locomotive Feasibility Andreas Hoffrichter, PhD Nick Little Shanelle Foster, PhD Raphael Isaac, PhD Orwell Madovi Darren Tascillo Center for Railway Research and Education Michigan State University Henry Center for Executive Development 3535 Forest Road, Lansing, MI 48910 NCDOT Project 2019-43 FHWA/NC/2019-43 October 2020 -i- FEASIBILITY REPORT The Piedmont Service: Hydrogen Fuel Cell Locomotive Feasibility October 2020 Prepared by Center for Railway Research and Education Eli Broad College of Business Michigan State University 3535 Forest Road Lansing, MI 48910 USA Prepared for North Carolina Department of Transportation – Rail Division 860 Capital Boulevard Raleigh, NC 27603 -ii- Technical Report Documentation Page 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. FHWA/NC/2019-43 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date The Piedmont Service: Hydrogen Fuel Cell Locomotive Feasibility October 2020 6. Performing Organization Code 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No. Andreas Hoffrichter, PhD, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2384-4463 Nick Little Shanelle N. Foster, PhD, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9630-5500 Raphael Isaac, PhD Orwell Madovi Darren M. Tascillo 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. (TRAIS) Center for Railway Research and Education 11. Contract or Grant No. Michigan State University Henry Center for Executive Development 3535 Forest Road Lansing, MI 48910 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Covered Final Report Research and Development Unit 104 Fayetteville Street December 2018 – October 2020 Raleigh, North Carolina 27601 14. Sponsoring Agency Code RP2019-43 Supplementary Notes: 16. -
Sali DIESEL-ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE Empresa Ferroviaria Andina S.A, Bolivia
SALi DIESEL-ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE Empresa Ferroviaria Andina S.A, Bolivia At the end of 2017, the Andina-FCA Railway Company and Stadler Valencia signed a contract for the supply of the first three SALi locomotives to be used for freight transport services on its metric gauge railway network in Bolivia. SALi is a 6-axle diesel-electric locomotive with an ultra-lightweight design and with forefront technology, to successfully face the challenges entailed in operating on metre-gauge networks under conditions of great altitude (over 5,000 metres above sea-level) at a maximum speed of 100km/h, combining a high-power output at great altitude with reduced fuel consumption. It features 6 AC traction motors and two acoustic and heat-insulated driver’s cabs, to enhance comfort under extreme temperature conditions. Due to its design and performance, it is destined to become the benchmark locomotive of the Bioceanic Rail Integration Corridor which, crossing Bolivia, will link the Peruvian port of Ilo with the port of Santos, near Sao Paulo in Brazil. www.stadlerrail.com Stadler Rail Group Stadler Rail Valencia S.A. Ernst-Stadler-Strasse 1 Pol. Ind. Mediterráneo. Mitjera 6 CH-9565 Bussnang E-46550 Albuixech (Valencia) Phone +41 71 626 21 20 Phone +34 96 141 50 00 [email protected] [email protected] Technical features Vehicle data Technology – Based on proven models such as the EURO4000, UKLIGHT and Customer Empresa Ferroviaria Andina S.A EURODUAL. Region Bolivia – Suitable for operations at high altitude (over 5,000 m above -
HO Scale Price List 2019
GAUGEMASTER HO Scale price list 2019 Prices correct at time of going to press and are subject to change at any time Post free option is available for orders above a value of £15 to mainland UK addresses*. Non-mainland UK orders are posted at cost. Orders to non-EC destinations are VAT free. *Except orders containing one or more items above a length of 600mm and below a total order value of £25. Order conforming to this exception will be charged carriage at cost (not to exceed £4.95) Gaugemaster Controls Ltd Gaugemaster House Ford Road Arundel West Sussex BN18 0BN Tel - (01903) 884321 Fax - (01903) 884377 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Printed: 06/09/2019 KEY TO PRICE LISTS The following legends appear at the front of the Product Name for certain entries: * : New Item not yet available # : Not in production, stock available #D# : Discontinued, few remaining #P# : New Item, limited availability www.gaugemaster.com Registered in England No: 2714470. Registered Office: Gaugemaster House, Ford Road, Arundel, West Sussex, BN18 0BN. Directors: R K Taylor, D J Taylor. Bankers: Royal Bank of Scotland PLC, South Street, Chichester, West Sussex, England. Sort Code: 16-16-20 Account No: 11318851 VAT reg: 587 8089 71 1 Contents Atlas 3 Magazines/Books 38 Atlas O 5 Marklin 38 Bachmann 5 Marklin Club 42 Busch 5 Mehano 43 Cararama 8 Merten 43 Dapol 9 Model Power 43 Dapol Kits 9 Modelcraft 43 DCC Concepts 9 MRC 44 Deluxe Materials 11 myWorld 44 DM Toys 11 Noch 44 Electrotren 11 Oxford Diecast 53 Faller 12 -
EMD E8 A-A Diesel
2010 volume 2 - part1.qxp 4/9/2010 12:20 PM Page 24 Features - Colorful Paint Scheme EMD E8 A-A Diesel Set - Metal Chassis - Metal Wheels, Axles and Gears - Die-Cast Truck Sides, Pilots and Fuel Tank - (2) Precision Flywheel- Equipped Motors - Intricately Detailed ABS Bodies - (2) Remotely Controlled Proto-Couplers™ - Directionally Controlled Headlight - Metal Horn - Locomotive Speed Control In Scale MPH Increments - Proto-Sound 2.0 With The Digital Command System Featuring Passenger Station Proto-Effects - Unit Measures: 29 3/4” x 2 1/2” x 3 1/2” - Operates On O-31 Curves B-Unit Features - Intricately Detailed ABS Body - Metal Wheels and Axles - Colorful Paint Scheme - Die-Cast Truck Sides - Metal Chassis - Metal Horn - Unit Measures: 13 1/2” x 2 1/2” x 3 1/2” - Operates On O-31 Curves 24 2010 volume 2 - part1.qxp 4/9/2010 12:20 PM Page 25 In the mid-1930's, as the Electro-Motive Division of General Motors was trying to inter- est railroads in diesel passenger power, it experimented a lot with exterior design. Looking at EMD's worm-like yellow and brown Union Pacific M-10000, its gleaming stainless steel Burlington Zephyr, or the boxy, Amtrak - E8 A-A Diesel Engine Set just-plain-ugly early Santa Fe units, it's appar- 30-2996-1 w/Proto-Sound 2.0 $349.95 Add a Matching ent that here was a new function looking for Amtrak - E8 B-Unit Passenger Set 30-2996-3 Non-Powered $119.95 its form. The first generation of road diesels See Page 48 found its form in 1937 when the initial E- units, built for the B&O, inaugurated the clas- sic "covered wagon" cab unit design that would last for decades on both freight and passenger diesels. -
LMOA Maintenance Officers Association O a 75 Th Annual Meeting 2013
L M LocomotiveLMOA Maintenance Officers Association O A 75 th Annual Meeting 2013 Proceedings of the 75th Annual Meeting SEPTEMBER 30 – OCTOBER 1, 2013 Indianapolis, IN at the Indiana Convention Center FINAL MAG_2012_PLAIN_AD 8/29/13 2:34 PM Page 1 WORLDWORLD WIDEWIDE LEADERLEADER ININ LOCOMOTIVELOCOMOTIVE FUELINGFUELING && SERVICINGSERVICING EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT EQUIPMENT CO., INC. Locomotive Fueling & Servicing Equipment Established and reliable since 1936 Am 92 eri . 46 can No Flye uge, r, Pre-War, Standard Ga You’ll Find PMC Gears and Pinions Turning the World’s Finest Locomotives. PMC doesn’t toy around. We make the full size ones! SERVING THE RAILWAY INDUSTRY SINCE 1936 o one is better qualifi ed to supply locomotive gears and pinionsN than Penn Machine. With over 90 years of manufacturing FUELING & SERVICING EQUIPMENT experience,experience, PennPenn MachineMachine makes gears and HEATED HOSE REEL CABINETS (BOOM, COLUMN, PLATFORM) pinions of the highest FULL LINE OF METERS, AIR ELIMINATORS & CONTROL,VALVES qualityqua for use on NEW & REQUALIFIED FUEL CRANES locomotivesloc from NEW & REQUALIFIED PUMP SKIDS allal the leading ELECTRIC DERAIL SYSTEMS (wireless available) manufacturers.m We WAYSIDE FUEL FILTERS manufacturema over 120 WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS bullbull anda engine gears FULL RANGE OF NOZZLES UP TO 300 GPM andand 80 pinions.pin The most popular ones are in stock. NEW AND REQUALIFIED DROP HOSES OurOur gears and pinions are made from triple alloy steel and carburized/hardened in CUSTOM FABRICATION our in-housei h heath treatingi equipment.i TheyTh provide up to 50% longer wear life than standard FACILITY MAINTENANCE & METER PROVING heat-treated gears. And they are AAR certifi ed and come with a 5-year limited wear warranty. -
Emd 710 Series Engine Benefits Engines 710 Series Engines
EMD 710 SERIES ENGINE BENEFITS ENGINES 710 SERIES ENGINES • Superior reliability means the 710 engine can operate more than • Low lube oil consumption and oil changes based on three years without experiencing a road failure, setting the bar for scheduled sampling the rail industry • Quickly reaches full power providing superior adhesion control • Lightweight, medium-speed engine during wheel slip events for AC freight locomotives • Custom design and integration for optimized performance • Robust, service-proven design with unmatched durability across a wide range of operating environments • Largest installed fleet and common parts provide reduced material, • Inherently emissions friendly and fuel efficient labor, tooling and training costs • Ease of maintenance and lower overhaul costs • New EMD engine technologies can be retrofit on existing models to further enhance performance and efficiency EMD 710 SERIES ENGINE SPECIFICATIONS WORLD-CLASS RELIABILITY ENGINE DESIGNATION 8-710 12-710 16-710 20-710 Sets the rail industry standard for mean time between road failures Cylinders, Arrangement 8 cylinders, 45°V 12 cylinders, 45°V 16 cylinders, 45°V 20 cylinders, 45°V Bore Diameter 230.2 mm (9.1 in) 230.2 mm (9.1 in) 230.2 mm (9.1 in) 230.2 mm (9.1 in) LEADING SUSTAINABILITY AND EFFICIENCY Piston Stroke 279.4 mm (11 in) 279.4 mm (11 in) 279.4 mm (11 in) 279.4 mm (11 in) Meets emissions standards while providing optimized fuel efficiency and reduced lube oil consumption Full-Load Speed 900 rpm 900 rpm 950 rpm 900 rpm Power Rating 1,640 kW (2,200 -
The Baldwin Locomotives 01 Portola.•• .'
The Baldwin Locomotives 01 Portola.•• .' ... Why We Have Them By Wayne Monger The FRRS mission: The Feather River Rail Society is dedicated to preserving the history of the Western Pacific Railroad, the railroad history of Northern California and the history of the evolution of the diesel locomotive in North America over the past 50 years. Here is why switcher DS-4-4-660 NVR 51. and AS-616s Brief history of the development O&NW 3 and 4 fit within the museum mission statement: With the conclusion of WWII and with the lifting of the 1. Western Pacific relied heavily upon Baldwin produced government-imposed restrictions on what and how many steam locomotives and they purchased 5 Baldwin Vo- each locomotive builder may build. BLW in 1946 redesigned 1000 diesel switchers. and greatly expanded their line of diesel locomotives availa 2. Previous owners are Southern Pacific and McCloud River ble for purchase. Not only would BLW offer switchers. but Railroad. also heavy road switchers and streamlined freight and pas senger diesel-electric locomotives. all based upon a heavily 3. BaldWin pioneered the design for all six-axle heavy diesel redesigned and upgraded 600-series prime mover derived road switchers that have been built worldwide since from the vo power plant. The direct replacement for the low 1947. including the modem Electro-Motive Division est powered 660-horsepower VO-660 was the DS-4-4-660 SD60s and General Electric Dash 8-4OCs. (Diesel Switcher-4 Axles-4 Powered Axles-660 horsepower). 4. Baldwin products dieseIlzed many California and Oregon This locomotive was not a very popular model with railroads. -
Proceedings of the 2015 Joint Rail Conference JRC2015 March23-26, 2015, San Jose, CA, USA
Proceedings of the 2015 Joint Rail Conference JRC2015 March23-26, 2015, San Jose, CA, USA DRAFT JRC2015-5621 STUDY ON IMPROVING RAIL ENERGY EFFICIENCY (E2): BEST PRACTICES AND STRATEGIES Dr. Aviva Brecher Melissa Shurland USDOT USDOT Volpe National Transportation Center Federal Railroad Administration Energy Analysis and Sustainability Washington, DC, USA Cambridge, MA, USA ABSTRACT development test and evaluation (RDT&E)on advanced A recent Volpe Center report [1] for the Federal equipment (electric and hybrid, or dual fuel locomotives), or Railroad Administration’s (FRA) Rail Energy, Environment, alternative fuels (biodiesel, CNG/LNG, Fuel cells/Hydrogen); and Engine (E3) Technology research and development participation in international rail organizations (UIC) and trade program reviewed rail industry best practices (BPs) and associations (AAR, AREMA, APTA, AASHTO), and strategies for improving energy efficiency (E2) and partnering with regional and State environmental protection environmental sustainability. The review included examples of agencies for cross-enterprise E2 and sustainability and opportunities for adoption of international transferrable improvements. BPs, and US technologies for equipment, operations and logistics software tools that have measurably improved E2 INTRODUCTION performance for passenger and freight railroads. Drivers providing renewed impetus for rail industry E2 advances Although the primary FRA mission is to preserve, include environmental compliance requirements with US enforce, and enhance rail safety,