THE BEAUTY OF KNOWLEDGE BETWEEN SCIENCE, MYTH, FUTURISM AND AVANT-GARDE ISEA IS A BRAND OF
AGROSERVICE S.P.A.
LOCALITÀ ROCCHETTA,
SAN SEVERINO MARCHE (MC) ITALY
TEL. +39 0733 636011
FAX +39 0733 636005
WWW.AGROSERVICESPA.IT
Cover:
The Vespa Piaggio - scene from the film “Vacanze romane” (1953), directed by William Wyler, interpreted by Gregory Peck and Audrey Hepburn. CATALOG SEED AUTUMN 2019 SUCCESS IN EVERY FIELD DISCOVERIES AND INNOVATIONS BY THE ITALIAN GENIUS
Art, food and Movements Fashion, Music and Theatre Aerospace engineering The Futurism 11 The ‘Prêt-à-porter’ casual wear 47 The launch of Vega 90 The Vespa 98 12 Thayaht’s Suit 47 The Fiat 500 13 The Nabucco48 The Moka Coffee-machine by Bialetti 14 The Italian anthem48 Bacio Perugina Chocolates 15 The Tourandot48 Nutella chocolate spread 15 An all-woman’s record Italian Neorealism 16 Samantha Cristoforetti: The Carosello 16 the first Italian woman astronaut 97 The Dat-3 Helicopter 17 The Hydroplane 17 Vegetable Genetics and Culture The Milan-Varese: Marco Michahelles: research on new wheats 56 the first Autostrada (Highway) 18 Maria Montessori: the new method of education by the teacher from the Marche region 58 Curiosity Borax Fumaroles of Larderello 98 Goldsmith’s craft of Valenza 98 The Microchip Intel 99 Murano Glass 99 Design and Mechanics The 202 Cisitalia 36 Science, Economy The Ferrari and the two lever gear shift 36 and Nobel Prize Winners The Common Rail 36 Enrico Fermi: the discovery of atom energy 70 Renato Dulbecco: the Genoma Project 70 Rita Levi-Montalcini: the nerve growth factor 71 Margherita Hack: the Lady of the stars 71 Franco Modigliani: the theory on the life cycle 72 Riccardo Giacconi: the discovery of cosmic Xrays 72 2 PRODUCTS INDEX
Durum Wheat Ilaria 42 Field bean Paleotto 44 Chiaro di Torrelama 77 Varieties with greater Stendal 45 Enrico 78 bread-making yield Vittorio 46 Rumbo 79 Cleto 20 Scuro di Torrelama 80 Provenzal 22 Barley Arianna 50 Proteic Pea Varieties with greater pasta-making Explora 51 Astronaute 81 yield and for the food chain Futura 52 Aviron 82 San Carlo 23 Sfera 53 Tea 54 Maciste 24 White lupin Minosse 25 Tipo 55 Multitalia 83 Adone 26 Triticale Tennis 84 Varieties suitable for different Catria 60 cultivation and usage conditions Quirinale 61 Blue lupin Achille 27 Rigel 62 Polo 85 Ettore 28 Oat Cuspide 29 Lentil Corallo 30 Flavia 63 Elsa 86 Domino NEW 32 Fulvia 64 Gaia 87 Dorato 33 Irina 65 Itaca 88 Rusticano 34 Nigra 66 Spartaco 35 Spelt Alfalfa Gamma 91 Benedetto 67 Bread Wheat Itaca 92 Frida NEW 38 Padre Pio 68 Nefertari38 NEW Einkorn Rosalind NEW 38 Chick-pea Hammurabi 94 Afrodite 39 Maragià 73 Norberto 95 Eletta 40 Pascià 74 Lucilla 41 Reale 75 Sultano 76
3 GINO SEVERINI Souvenirs de Voyage, 1911 Oil on canvas, 47x75 cm Private collection
4 INTRODUCTION
Italy: “The Beauty of Knowledge’ cultural heritage of our country, also of day, thanks to a group of Italian scientists (‘Italia la bellezza della conoscenza’) its intangible aspects: one of the best and occupying top positions within the field is an itinerant exhibition promoted and highest standards of living in the world, of research. Simultaneously preserving a funded by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs an extraordinary territory with forward- strong relationship between technology and International Cooperation, in joint looking elements of the highest innovation and culture, science and art. From ‘field’ partnership with the National Research and modernity, its great thinkers. research to international research and Board in addition to four of the main Italian Italy: a country that looks towards laboratory centres, from hi-tech to the scientific museums viz. “Fondazione Idis- its future in the shadow of its giants: numerous innovative start-ups. ‘Italy: The Città della Scienza di Napoli”; “Museo yesteryear Leonardo da Vinci, Galileo Beauty of Knowledge’ is a showcase of Galileo Galilei di Firenze”; “Museo delle Galilei, Enrico Fermi, Rita Levi-Montalcini, Italian skills and cutting-edge technology Scienze di Trento” and “Museo nazionale just to name a few, tomorrow countless in the field of health, the environment, della scienza e della tecnologia Leonardo young researchers amongst whom space, food and cultural heritage da Vinci di Milano”. men and women possessing talent and The 2019 ISEA catalogue goes to The first stop was in Cairo followed by enthusiasm. complete this marvelous and intriguing India and Indonesia to be continued with In the wake of this initiative, the 2018 and journey throughout Italy, the country other appointments in 2020. The last 2019 ISEA catalogues aim at enhancing of knowledge, an excursion to all the exhibition to take place was on 16.06.2019 the importance of research and scientific principle discoveries and inventions and was presented at Hanoi Museum in discoveries, which over time has permitted from end 1800s to present day, thanks Vietnam. man to fly and travel into space, yet to ‘made in Italy’ talents that distinguish The aim of the Expo is that of bringing maintaining that ‘renaissance spirit’ which themselves for their training background people not only to ‘travel’ but to raise has been a feature of our country over the and creativity. awareness worldwide on the enormous centuries and which is renewed day by
5 AGROSERVICE S.p .A. We produce, select, pack, and sell a wide variety of grain seeds that respond well to the different needs in crop cultivation, different climatic and geographic conditions too.
We keep on researching with the purpose of:
producing raw materials that can improve the quality and state of health of the products available to our consumers;
contribute in encouraging more sustainable agricultural practices;
putting food more “at the service” of our health.
• 25 year experience and professionalism in the field of seeds and cereals growing • over one thousand clients in Italy and abroad • export to over 40 countries including EU member and non-member states and overseas countries • over 10 experimental fields • 84 varieties and 38 crop variety rights • 1 production plant, buildings and land covering 29.561 square metres • 1 storage unit • 2 production lines (selection of straw cereals and legumes) • 3 packing lines (paper sacks, plastic sacks and big bags) • 43 corrugated iron silos • total bulk stocking capacity 35.000 tons • over 40 commercial agencies both in Italy and abroad
6 QUALITY SUSTAINABILITY
The aim of our management system is based on the attainment of maximum quality. How? Through: Constant improvement in the efficiency of agricultural practices with the purpose of reducing environmental impact, water and • identifiability of raw materials; electricity consumption. • transfer of innovation and Know-how to agricultural practices; • respect for the environment and implementation of renewable We identify and promote sustainable agricultural practices energy sources (100% certified green energy); that will benefit the entire productive chain throughout. • putting in place procedures and strict internal and external monitoring/control activities. We support cultivation techniques that respect bio-diversity, Certifications: the conservation in time of the soil’s fertility: healthy and safe Food Safety System-ISO 22005:2007 agricultural approach from the sowing of the seed to the harvesting (Production Traceability); of the crop, in order to protect our health. ENSE Certification (compulsory product certification); Our continual research activity aims at granting agriculturist their Adoption of strict internal monitoring/control procedures. economic recognition.
Agroservice is subscribed to CONVASE (Consortium for the Enhancement of Seeds) The main purpose of the afore-mentioned subscription is to share with other seed-growing agricultural member holdings, actions to put in place in order to improve the quality of seeds. Seeds produced by our estate are thus checked by Convase both for the tanning and quality of the seed itself.
Experimental-demonstration fields at Loc. Abbadia di Fiastra, Tolentino (MC)
7 INSTRUMENTS SUPPORTING THE AGRICULTURIST
Consulting our website www.agroservicespa.it you will find information regarding the proper dosage of seeds by clicking on Infosemina.
You will have the correct quantity of seeds to be sown per hectare (Ha), Agroservice informs on weight of 1000 seeds produced per batch and their germinating capacity. Click on InfoSemina on the www.agroservicespa.it website and, for soft and hard wheat varieties, enter the batch number of the seed purchased as a password. In this way, you will be able to see the germinating capacity and the weight of 1000 seeds concerning the specific batch. This will permit you to obtain suggestions and information on: • How to optimise the number of ears of wheat per square metre on the basis of the variety features and sowing conditions (period, nature of the soil, soil-bed conditions, etc.); • Prevent bedding by means of density and well-balanced sowing; • Make the plant less susceptible to fungal disease; • Sowing proper dosages will permit you not to waste the product: which will reduce the impact on the environment.
Consulting the website www.agroservicespa.it you will find the web assistance service grano.net which will aid you in implementing the best cultivation technique.
In order to better manage the climatic changes and boost optimum production potential, Horta Srl has developed a technical assistance service: grano.net®. This technical assistance will aid you in dealing with the variable climatic conditions, various soil types and different biotic (like fungi and insects) as well as abiotic (like yellow notches) adversities which can be better mo- nitored and checked. Consulting grano.net® you will have access to a series of mathematical models and forecasts which will provide you with personalised suggestions on the dosage, manuring programme, chemical herbicides, monitoring of main fungi diseases (powdery mildew, reddish-brown and yellow rust, septoriosis and fusariosis of the ear), the forecast model DON, provides information on plant-health and fertilisers on sale, monitoring of the local meteorological trends, 7 day weather forecast and an estimate on the water-balance of the soil and phenological phase of the crop. You may also receive free SMS or e-mails advising you on how to proceed the following days.
8 INSTRUMENTS SUPPORTING THE AGRICULTURIST FOCUS ON CULTIVATION TECHNIQUES OF SOFT AND HARD WHEAT TO OPTIMISE YIELDS AND QUALITY
Agroservice, in cooperation with Hort@, provides agriculturists with a technical protocol which includes tips and suggestions to optimise yields and quality. An excellent and useful instrument • to meet professionalism and quality requests coming from the milling industry; • to understand, through an agronomic calibration, the potentiality and peculiarities of each variety; • to enhance improved genetic materials, even regarding periods with adverse climatic conditions; • to provide with assistance to minimise production fluctuations due to climate; • to provide with effective assistance offering solutions on the management of climatic, nutritious and phytopathological problems with the purpose of increasing productivity and competitiveness of productions.
Browse through our new portal, with all the novelties in the world of ISEA.
www.agroservicespa.it
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9 GIACOMO GINO BALLA SEVERINI
Constellations of Genius, 1918 Cyclist in the countryside, 1956 Tapestry, 146x201 cm
10 THE FUTURISM (1909)
THE FIRST AVANT-GARD ARTISTIC MOVEMENT IN ITALY. BREAKING WITH THE PAST.
The Futurism is an entirely Italian historic avant-garde movement. Born in 1909, thanks to the poet and writer Filippo Tommaso Ma- rinetti, the Futurism fast transformed into an artistic movement bringing in a wave of new ideas on the Italian cultural scene. It was to include all the arts, both poets and painters, sculptors and musicians so forth and so on, basically proposing a new attitude towards the concept of art itself. What the Futurism objected to was the concept of “èlite” and decadent art limited to museums and cultural learned circles. It proposed a leap forward into the future, consisting in parameters like modernity as opposed to an- cient, speed against idleness, turbulence as opposed to quietude and so on. Basically, the Futurism distinguishes itself from the moment of its creation for two fundamental features: an exalta- tion of modernity: an arrogant impetus in doing art. The Futurism has a precise date of birth: 20 February 1909. On that day in fact, Marinetti published the “Manifesto of the Futurism” on «Figaro», the Parisian newspaper.
11 VESPA 98: THE BIRTH OF A MYTH (1946) The Vespa born on 23 April 1946, following a genius intuition of Enrico Piaggio, who decided to create a low-cost consumer product. That day, Piaggio & C. S.p.A. deposited the patent with the following wording “motorcycle with a rational complex of organs and elements, combined chassis, mudguards and bonnet covering the entire mechanical part.”. The first examples were sold through a small network of retailers, at various prices ranging from 55.000 Lire of basic model to 66.000 Lire of deluxe model. A timeless icon which has traversed the history of our country and in part turning it into a custom, a way of living in Italian culture, from the cinema to the television, a myth that still today represents the ‘Made in Italy’ throughout the world: it is precisely the Vespa, the most famous two-wheeled vehicle in the world.
Social-historic context The Vespa was the result of a technological revolution which literally overturned the concept of moving about halfway through the last century. It came from two great men, Enrico Piaggio, a capable entrepreneur and Corradino D’Ascanio, a master mind in design. The original idea was to revamp Italy after the war. It was to become something more: it became the most widespread scooter in the world. A short trial period was soon to be followed by a boom in sales, Italy started off again on the scooter and in a few months made a giant leap forward; beat the competition and imposed itself on the market.
The brand In producing the scooters Enrico Piaggio paid a lot of attention to product communication. The first advertisement in 1946, depicted a woman sitting on a scooter, the woman was the new working woman. The message was definitely a forerunner in a country where women had only recently voted for the first time. However, the ci- nema was to sanction its ultimate success: espe- cially in the film ‘Vacanze romane’ starring- Au drey Hepburn and Gregory Peck, who cross the city riding an unforgettable white Vespa, which was then to be transformed into a real and proper publicity for the manufacturing company itself in 1953. Despite many versions having been produ- Page of the “motorized scooter” 98cc patent, the Vespa. ced in the years that followed, today the Vespa further to representing the Italian brand, repre- 12 sents the emblem of the “Italian dream.” VESPA 98: THE BIRTH OF A MYTH (1946)
THE FIAT 500 (1957)
The brand new Fiat 500 was to make its first appea- rance in 1957 and together with the 600 Vespa repre- sented one of the most magnificent projects by Dante Giacosa, which was to earn him the prestigious award “Il compasso d’oro” in 1959. In the midst of a complete economic recovery, the New Fiat 500, heir to the legendary Topolino, was concei- ved by Giacosa to fulfil the ever-increasing necessity of the Italians to move. A 470cc engine placed at the back of the vehicle, it was initially thought out to carry only two passengers. The first model to be launched was purely a spartan vehicle sold at a modest price of 490.000 lire, and sa- les rocketed to a boom between the years 1965 and 1972. The Fiat 500 has been one of the most sold vehicles in our country. The objective of the engineer from Piedmont was to create a vehicle that would both combine functionality and design: a perfect aesthetics combined with high performance potential in a vehicle which, at that time, was still uncommon.
13 THE MOKA-COFFEE MACHINE BY BIALETTI (1933)
The invention of the Moka Express dates back to 1933, the year when Alfonso Bialetti had by then the mythical intuition to create a new tool to make homemade coffee. The idea of the coffee-machine came up following a casual observation. The design on how to manufacture the coffee-machine came after he had observed home washing. At that time, it was common to use the “lisciveuse”, a large pot equipped with an open-ended cable/pipe at the top extremity: the water which would be put in a container together with the washing and soap, would boil and flow up the cable/pipe and down again into the washing using lye, the detergent in use then. The coffee-machine’s peculiar octagonal shape led to a radical change in consump- tion habits in homemade coffee. Thanks to the use of aluminum and its cutting-edge componen- ts, in fact, it proposed to the Italians a type of coffee having a new and original taste, a complete breakthrough to what they normally had been used to. Nowadays, the Moka represents the icon of our cultural tradition. In balance, it represents the “Bel Paese” in the world, it tells of our tradi- tion through an emotional path which speaks of the home, our loved ones and good coffee. 14 THE BACIO PERUGINA BY LUISA SPAGNOLI (1922)
Luisa Spagnoli was an innovative entrepreneuse. From an intuition the chocolate Luisa®, the unique dark chocolate Perugina®, was born. The turnaround was to come in 1922: Luisa observed that the unused chocolate and hazelnut grains were thrown away at the end of the day. She then invented a hazelnut chocolate heart, a small chocolate the size of the knuckle of a hand, the “Cazzotto” (Fist) which Giovanni Buitoni, her lifetime companion would rename then Bacio® Perugina®. The figures show its widespread success and which this small chocolate continues to have: over 300 million “Baci” were produced and sold the world throughout in a year. THE MOKA-COFFEE MACHINE BY BIALETTI (1933) NUTELLA FERRERO (CHOCOLATE SPREAD) (1964)
Pietro Ferrero was the owner of a confectionary shop in Alba, in the province of Cuneo, precisely in the ‘langhe’ of Piedmont, a region famous for the cultivation of hazelnuts. Ferrero came up with the genial idea of making a sweet paste from hazelnuts, cocoa and sugar to make up for the scarcity of cocoa following the Second World War. The first jar was made in 1964, Nutella in fact had a logo and label that defined its identity, a brand which was to become famous the world over in a matter of time, turning this product into a cultural and social phenomenon. 15 ITALIAN NEOREALISM (1940)
The most important trend in the cinema after the war in the years 1945-1951 in Italy: Neorealism. This movement was to set a new approach to fictional film-making and for long greatly influenced the cinema throughout the world. Rossellini and De Sica were its principle representatives. “Ladri di Biciclette (1948)” produced and directed by Vittorio De Sica and “Il Bandito (1946)” starring Anna Magnani, is just but one example. scene from film “Ladri di biciclette” (1948) CAROSELLO: “THE BABY THEATRE OF PUBBLICITY (1957) On 3 February 1957 the first instalment of Carosello (Carousel) went on the air and was to be the first ever official television advertising in Italy. Over 20 years many characters along with common ways of speaking became in use that still mark the history of Italian television. The big idea behind it was to make it pass for entertainment, using particular genres of the time of which Italy was the forerunner in: Italian drama, review and curtain-raiser. Carosello had 19 million followers and a total of 7.261 episodes were broadcast. scene from film “Il Bandito” (1946)
16 THE HELICOPTER DAT-3 BY CORRADINO D’ASCANIO (1930)
On 13 October 1930 the first stable and perfectly controllable helicopter in history took off along the Ciampino Airport runway. The designer was the engineer from Pescara Corradino D’Ascanio. D’Ascanio’s helicopter, baptised DAT-3, had a 90 power internal combustion engine and the cockpit equipped with two double-bladed counter rotating rotors. It flew for eight hours and 45 seconds, rising to a height of 18 metres for 1 kilometre and 78 metres. Commissioned by the Ministry of Aeronautics and completed in the hangar of the master planner in Rome, D’Ascanio broke 3 records which for long remained unbeaten. On that specific day, Major Marinello Nelli, the first pilot ever in history was to pioneer the CAROSELLO: helicopter prototype flying vertically. “THE BABY THEATRE THE HYDROPLANE BY OF PUBBLICITY ENRICO FORLANINI (1957) (1905) Enrico Forlanini (1848-1930) was an engineer, inventor, pioneer in avia- tion and Italian entrepreneur. Principally remembered as the inventor of the hydroplane, his pioneering activity in the new sector of aeronautics was of particular importance in the field of helicopters and hydroplanes. Further to the hydroplane he also was keen on submarines: the com- mand module with a shell-casing to reduce aerodynamic resistance and the first practical implementation of compressed air flow to direct the boat, the latter applied to the hydroplane Omnia Dir which flew posthu- mous in 1931. 17 MILAN-VARESE: THE FIRST AUTOSTRADA (HIGHWAY) (1924)
MILAN - It was 21 September 1924 in what was then the countryside in Lombardy, King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy inaugurated the first piece of Milano-Laghi (about 50 km) autostrada. Even though fast roads had already been built and reserved to motor vehicles what today is known as A8/A9 is by far the first autostrada on payment in the world. A fundamental achievement in history of mobility as the idea and completion of the Milano-Laghi are linked to a private, that of the engineer Count Piero Puricelli from Lomnago, whose farsighted initiative led to the creation of the “Società Anonima Autostrade” in 1921, and who through his applications for authorisation aroused awareness into the public utility of some of his projects in order that their construction be started. A real and proper intuition which had insight into the future when vehicles were to occupy an ever more important role. The first tarred piece that united the area of Lainate to Gallarate (today called A8) was only a single lane but with entrance/exit ticket boxes approximately every 5 km. Interesting to note in fact that in the early years, the autostrada had opening hours from 1am to 6am and that the fee amounted to about 20 lire for cars and 9 lire for motor-bikes. 18 DURUM WHEAT
“Art for us cannot be separated from life.”
Filippo Tommaso Marinetti
19 Varieties with greater CLETO bread-making yield Durum wheat > Medium-late cycle High productivity High tolerance to the main diseases High yellow index Suitable for pasta and bread
FEATURES Ear: short, compact, pyramidal, glaucosity, white Yellow rust: tolerant Awn: light brown 1.000 seeds weight: 44-48 gr Plant height: 78-82 cm Test weight: 80-82 Tillering: medium-high Proteins: 14-14.5% Cold: resistant Cooking attitude: good Water stress: medium resistance Colour: 25-27 Earing: late Black point: resistant Resistance to lodging: high Nonvitreous kernels: good resistance Oidium: medium tolerance Gluten index: low 70-75 Leaf rust: medium tolerance Glutenin: 20 Fusarium: medium tolerance W: 240-250 Septoria: medium tolerance P/L: 1,3-1,6
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 370-420 370-420 400-450 450-500 -
Central Italy 370-420 400-420 420-450 450-500 -
Southern Italy 370-420 400-420 450-500 - -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 20 Productivity, High tolerance to rusts Registrati on year > 2016 CLETO
Production in grains at 13% humidity (% in comparison to other tests results) 140
120 125
116 110 110 107 100 103 103 104
80 83
60
40
Proteins Cleto North 20 14 Cleto Centre 100 80 0 Cleto South Brown index Ashes Biennium 2013-2014 2014-2015 10 60 1,9
40
2013* 2014* Average biennial* 20
0 q/ha % vs tests q/ha % vs tests q/ha % vs tests Northern Italy Yellow index SDS Cleto 47 103 69 110 58 107 25 23 Average tests results 46 100 62 100 54 100 Central Italy Cleto 56 116 68 104 62 110 Average tests results 49 100 65 100 57 100 Dry gluten Gluten index 11 70 Southern Italy Cleto 43 125 41 83 42 103 AVERAGE QUALITATIVE FEATURES Average tests results 40 100 51 100 45 100 Cleto *Data CREA-DC concerning tests for registration in the Vegetal National Average triennial test data of ISEA Srl in collaboration with Registry, with test Iride, Saragolla, Simeto. CERMIS, with test Iride, Saragolla and Simeto. 21 Varieties with greater Registration year > 1997 PROVENZAL bread-making yield Durum wheat > Late cycle Excellent productivity (high yields) Tolerance to diseases Recommended for bread and highly digestible foods Produces highly digestible semolina FEATURES Ear: medium, compact, pyramidal, white Septoria: medium tolerance Awn: light brown 1.000 seeds weight: 42-48 gr Plant height: 75-80 cm Test weight: 82-83 Tillering: high Proteins: 14-15% Cold: resistant Cooking attitude: good Water stress: medium resistance Colour: 24-26 Earing: medium-late Black point: resistant Resistance to lodging: high Nonvitreous kernels: medium resistance Oidium: medium tolerance Gluten index: 30-40 Leaf rust: medium tolerance Glutenin: 20 Fusarium: tolerant W: 150-180 Virus SBCMV: resistant P/L: 1,0-1,5
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 320-370 350-370 350-400 400-450 -
Central Italy 350-370 370-400 370-400 400-450 -
Southern Italy 320-370 350-400 400-450 450-500 -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 22 Registration year > 1996 Varieties with greater pasta-making SAN CARLO Origin > GRAZIA x DEGAMIT yield and for the food chain Durum wheat > Medium-early cycle Good productivity Very good quality of semolina Large caliber seeds
FEATURES Ear: pyramidal, white Virus SBCMV: good tolerance Awn: brown Septoria: medium susceptibility Plant height: 80-83 cm (small) 1.000 seeds weight: 55-60 gr Tillering: low Test weight: 81-83 Cold: medium-high resistance Proteins: 14-15% Water stress: medium resistance Cooking attitude: good Earing: medium-early Colour: 23-24 Resistance to lodging: high Black point: medium resistance Oidium: medium susceptibility Nonvitreous kernels: resistant Leaf rust: medium susceptibility Gluten index: 88-90 Fusarium: medium susceptibility Glutenin: 7+8
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 350-400 350-400 370-420 400-420 400-450
Central Italy 370-420 400-420 420-450 420-450 400-450
Southern Italy - 350-400 400-420 420-450 400-450
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 23 Varieties with greater pasta-making Registration year > 2016 MACISTE yield and for the food chain Durum wheat > Medium cycle High productivity Resistant to diseases
FEATURES Ear: short, high glaucosity, white, parallel edges 1.000 seeds weight: 48-50 gr Awn: white Test weight: 82-84 Plant height: 85-90 cm Proteins: 14-15% Tillering: medium-high Cooking attitude: good Cold: resistant Colour: 24-25 Drought: medium resistance Black point: resistant Lodging: resistant Nonvitreous kernels: good resistance Oidium: good resistance Gluten index: 80-85 Leaf rust: good resistance Glutenin: 7+8 Fusarium: medium resistance Gliadin: y45 Septoria: good resistance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 350-400 400-500 450-500 500-550 -
Central Italy 370-420 420-520 520-550 520-550 -
Southern Italy 350-400 400-500 500-550 - -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 24 Registration year > 2008 Varieties with greater pasta-making MINOSSE Origin > San Carlo x DL yield and for the food chain Durum wheat > Medium-early cycle Excellent quality parameters of semolina (high protein content and yellow index) High adaptability to different environments Good tolerance to diseases
FEATURES Ear: short, white, high glaucosity, Septoria: medium tolerance parallel edges 1.000 seeds weight: 43-44 gr Awn: brown Test weight: 80-81 Plant height: 85-87 cm Proteins: 15-16% Tillering: medium-high Cooking attitude: good Cold: medium resistance Colour: 24-25 Water stress: medium resistance Black point: medium resistance Earing: medium Nonvitreous kernels: resistant Resistance to lodging: high Gluten index: 85 Oidium: medium tolerance Glutenin: 7+8 Leaf rust: medium tolerance Gliadin: y45 Fusarium: medium tolerance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 420-470 470-500 470-500 500-550 -
Central Italy 450-470 470-500 470-500 500-550 -
Southern Italy - 450-470 470-500 500-550 -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 25 Registration year > 2012 Varieties with greater pasta-making ADONE Origin > E55M X ISCCTA137 yield and for the food chain Durum wheat > Late cycle Good productivity Good tolerance to main diseases High quality semolina (high protein content and yellow index)
FEATURES Ear: long, white, parallel edges, glaucosity 1.000 seeds weight: 46-50 gr Awn: white Test weight: 81-82 Plant height: 90-95 cm Proteins: 14-15% Tillering: excellent Cooking attitude: good Cold: resistant Colour: 24-25 Water stress: medium resistance Black point: resistant Earing: late Nonvitreous kernels: resistant Resistance to lodging: high Gluten index: 88-90 Oidium: tolerant Glutenin: 7+8 Leaf rust: high tolerance Fusarium: good tolerance Septoria: medium tolerance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 300-350 300-350 350-400 400-450 -
Central Italy 300-350 300-350 350-400 400-450 -
Southern Italy 320-370 370-400 400-450 - -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 26 Registration year > 2006 Varieties suitable for different ACHILLE Origin > L.37/05 x AG - 4073 cultivation and usage conditions Durum wheat > Medium cycle Excellent productivity High gluten index Very high resistance to Fusarium
FEATURES Ear: short, white, glaucosity, parallel edges Septoria: medium tolerance Awn: brown 1.000 seeds weight: 38-41 gr Plant height: 80-85 cm Test weight: 82-84 Tillering: excellent Proteins: 13-13,5% Cold: resistant Cooking attitude: good Water stress: medium resistance Colour: 21-22 Earing: medium Black point: resistant Resistance to lodging: high Nonvitreous kernels: medium resistance Oidium: medium tolerance Gluten index: 90-93 Leaf rust: medium tolerance Gliadin: y45 Fusarium: high tolerance Glutenin: 6+8
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 370-450 370-450 400-450 420-450 -
Central Italy 400-450 400-450 450-500 470-520 -
Southern Italy - 400-450 450-500 470-520 -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 27 Registration year > 2011 Varieties suitable for different Origin > SELEZ.CIMMYT/ ETTORE DURANGO//IS1938/RUSTICANO cultivation and usage conditions Durum wheat > Medium cycle High productivity High adaptability Resistant to nonvitreous kernels
FEATURES Ear: short, white, high glaucosity, parallel edges Septoria: medium tolerance Awn: black 1.000 seeds weight: 45-50 gr Plant height: 88-92 cm Test weight: 81-82 Tillering: excellent Proteins: 13-14% Cold: medium resistance Cooking attitude: good Water stress: resistant Colour: 24-25 Earing: medium Black point: resistant Resistance to lodging: excellent Nonvitreous kernels: resistant Oidium: medium tolerance Gluten index: 83-85 Leaf rust: medium tolerance Glutenin: 7+8 Fusarium: medium tolerance Gliadin: y45 Yellow rust: tolerant
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 320-380 320-380 350-400 400-420 -
Central Italy 350-400 350-400 400-420 420-450 -
Southern Italy - 350-400 400-420 420-450 -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 28 Varieties suitable for different Registration year > 2010 Varieties suitable for different cultivation and usage conditions CUSPIDE Origin > FD061X FD190 cultivation and usage conditions Durum wheat > Medium-late cycle Excellent productivity High gluten index Resistance to cold High yellow index
FEATURES Ear: short, white, high glaucosity, Septoria: medium tolerance parallel edges 1.000 seeds weight: 43-46 gr Awn: brown Test weight: 81-82 Plant height: 85-88 cm Proteins: 13-14% Tillering: excellent Cooking attitude: good Cold: resistant Colour: 26-28 Water stress: resistant Black point: resistant Earing: medium-late Nonvitreous kernels: resistant Resistance to lodging: excellent Gluten index: 90-94 Oidium: tolerant Glutenin: 7+8 Leaf rust: high tolerance Gliadin: y45 Fusarium: medium tolerance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 370-420 400-450 450-500 470-520 -
Central Italy 370-420 420-500 420-500 500-520 -
Southern Italy 370-420 420-500 - - -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 29 Varieties suitable for different CORALLO cultivation and usage conditions Durum wheat > Medium-late cycle Excellent tolerance to diseases Resistant to virus SBCMV High yellow index
FEATURES Ear: medium, compact, pyramidal, white, Virus SBCMV: resistant glaucosity Septoria: medium tolerance Awn: black 1.000 seeds weight: 42-48 gr Plant height: 90 cm Test weight: 82-84 Tillering: medium-high Proteins: 13-15% Cold: resistant Cooking attitude: good Water stress: medium resistance Colour: 25-28 Earing: medium Black point: resistant Resistance to lodging: high Nonvitreous kernels: medium resistance Oidium: medium tolerance Gluten index: 80-85 Leaf rust: medium tolerance Glutenin: 6+8 Fusarium: medium tolerance Gliadin: y45
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 300-350 300-350 350-400 400-420 -
Central Italy 320-350 320-350 350-400 400-450 -
Southern Italy 300-350 320-350 350-400 400-450 -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 30 Varieties suitable for different Productivity, Excellent tolerance to Leaf rust Registrati o n year > 2014 CORALLO cultivation and usage conditions
Production in grains at 13% humidity (% in comparison to other tests results)
140 141
128 132 120 124 120 116 116
100 103 99
80
60
40 Proteins Corallo North 13 20 100 Corallo Centre Brown index 80 Ashes Corallo South 0 10 60 1,9 Biennium 2012-2013 2013-2014 40
2012* 2013* Average biennial* 20 0 q/ha % vs tests q/ha % vs tests q/ha % vs tests Northern Italy Yellow index SDS 26 Corallo 64 116 61 132 62 124 33 Average test results 55 100 46 100 51 100 Central Italy Corallo 54 129 51 103 53 116 Dry gluten Gluten index 11 82 Average test results 43 100 49 100 46 100 Southern Italy AVERAGE QUALITATIVE FEATURES Corallo 45 141 36 99 40 120 Corallo Average test results 37 100 40 100 38 100 Average triennial test data of ISEA Srl in collaboration *Data CREA-DC concerning tests for registration in the Vegetal National with CERMIS, with test Iride, Saragolla and Simeto. Registry, with test Iride, Saragolla, Simeto. 31 Registration year > 2017 Varieties suitable for different DOMINO Origin > FD-25-5 X FD-172-8 cultivation and usage conditions Durum wheat > Medium-late cycle High productivity Good tolerance to main diseases NEW Tough gluten
FEATURES
Ear: white, medium, parallel edges, Yellow rust: high tolerance elongated, medium glaucosity Fusarium: high tolerance Awn: black Septoria: medium tolerance Plant height: 98-100 cm 1.000 seeds weight: 42-45 gr Tillering: excellent Test weight: 81-83 Water stress: resistant Proteins: 13-14% Earing: medium-late Colour: 24-25 Resistance to lodging: good Black point: resistant Oidium: good tolerance Nonvitreous kernels: resistant Leaf rust: medium tolerance Gluten index: 90-95
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 300-350 300-350 350-400 400-450 -
Central Italy 300-350 300-350 350-400 400-450 -
Southern Italy 320-370 370-400 400-450 - -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 32 Varieties suitable for different Registration year > 2004 Varieties suitable for different cultivation and usage conditions DORATO Origin > FZ512 x IDSN - 18 168 cultivation and usage conditions Durum wheat > Medium cycle High productivity Resistance to drought
FEATURES Ear: long, parallel edges, Septoria: medium tolerance white and high glaucosity 1.000 seeds weight: 41-43 gr Awn: white Test weight: 82-83 Plant height: 90-95 cm Proteins: 13-14% Tillering: medium Cooking attitude: good Cold: medium resistance Colour: 22-24 Water stress: good resistance Black point: resistant Earing: medium Nonvitreous kernels: medium resistance Resistance to lodging: good Gluten index: 88-90 Oidium: medium tolerance Glutenin: 7+8 Leaf rust: medium tolerance Gliadin: y45 Fusarium: medium tolerance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 400-450 450-500 470-520 500-550 -
Central Italy 420-470 470-520 470-520 500-550 -
Southern Italy 400-450 450-500 470-520 500-550 -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 33 Registration year > 1996 Origin > CHEN S-CD26406-3B- Varieties suitable for different RUSTICANO 2Y-5Y-OM-2Y-OC cultivation and usage conditions Durum wheat > Medium-early cycle Excellent productivity High resistance to drought
FEATURES Ear: compact, big with parallel edges Virus SBCMV: resistant Awn: very long, brown when ripened Septoria: tolerant Plant height: 75-80 cm (small) 1.000 seeds weight: 42-45 gr Tillering: high Test weight: 82-83 Cold: medium resistance Proteins: 13-14% Water stress: resistant Cooking attitude: excellent Earing: medium-early Colour: 22-23 Resistance to lodging: high Black point: resistant Oidium: medium tolerance Nonvitreous kernels: medium resistance Leaf rust: medium susceptible Gluten index: 86-88 in the areas at risk Glutenin: 7+8 Fusarium: medium tolerance Gliadin: y45
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy - - - - -
Central Italy - 420-470 450-500 500-550 500-550
Southern Italy - 420-450 450-470 450-500 500-550
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 34 Varieties suitable for different Registration year > 2010 Varieties suitable for different cultivation and usage conditions SPARTACO Origin > FD001X FD190 cultivation and usage conditions Durum wheat > Early cycle High productivity Proteins and Colour Large caliber seeds
FEATURES Ear: medium, parallel edges, Fusarium: medium tolerance white and glaucosity Septoria: medium tolerance Awn: white 1.000 seeds weight: 59-62 gr Plant height: 85-88 cm Test weight: 81-82 Tillering: excellent Proteins: 13-14% Cold: medium resistance Cooking attitude: excellent Water stress: resistant Colour: 24-26 Earing: early Black point: resistant Resistance to lodging: high Nonvitreous kernels: resistant Oidium: tolerant Gluten index: 80-85 Leaf rust: medium susceptible Glutenin: 7+8 in the areas at risk Gliadin: y45
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 320-370 320-400 350-420 400-420 -
Central Italy - 320-400 350-400 400-450 420-450
Southern Italy - 350-400 350-420 400-450 420-450
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 35 THE CISITALIA THE FERRARI THE COMMON 202 (1947) AND THE TWO RAIL (1997)
From the Automobile to Art: Cisitalia 202, In the 90’s Fiat launches the Common the first modern automobile has been on LEVER GEAR Rail onto the market, a breakthrough in show at the Moma of New York since 1951, technology on electronic ignition diesel with a subtitle which no other automobile SHIFT (1979) engines which today has been adopted by has ever had before that goes: “sculpture a large majority of automobile companies in movement”. The automobile house Ferrari is undoubtedly throughout the world. One of the most prestigious in the history one of the top Italian brands, renown and Its flexible functioning brought several of the automobile above all for its design, famous the world over. The semi-automatic improvements to diesel oil engines favouring it was “signed” by two great designing gear change was invented and developed the environment and the end user. Diesel was engineers viz. Dante Giacosa and Giovanni by the mythical Enzo Ferrari far back in1979. to substantially change outlook and added Savonuzzi and admirably produced in 1947 Besides, it was not by sheer chance that an extra gear thanks to better performance by Pininfarina. This model was to be the the sequential gear shift actually derived capacity, reduced consumption, low noise, forerunner of all other “coupé” models up from Formula 1 racing-car of the automobile major driving comfort and sensibly low to the present day. Cisitalia marked a real house ‘Cavallino’ which had its first debut emissions. and proper turning point in the history and on the road with the Ferrari F640 in 1989. development of the modern automobile: Always at Maranello, the continual gear shift by virtue of its clean and perfect as well as was introduced in 2007 which improved balanced design, a combination of beauty, the results that had already been obtained technical innovation and high speed never with the introduction of the so-called “quick before witnessed. shift”, a device which enabled the quick shifting from one gear to another. 36 BREAD WHEAT
“Dreams make man live. A good part of destiny lies mainly in our hands As long as we always know what we want And are determined to attain it.”
Enzo Ferrari
37 FRIDA NEFERTARI ROSALIND Bread wheat > Bread wheat > Bread wheat > Medium cycle Medium cycle Early cycle Resistance to Fusarium Resistance to Fusarium Resistance to Fusarium Test weight: 78-81 P/L: 0,4-0,6 Test weight: 80-82 P/L: 0,6 Test weight: 81-83 P/L: 0,6-0,7 Proteins: 11-12% FP Proteins: 13-14% FF Proteins: 13-14% FPS W: 130-140 W: 310-360 W: 230-260 NEW NEW NEW
250 218,7 210 Tests carried out in the open field. 199 200 Intensive irrigation during the blooming stage which will favour a natural development of 150 the funghi. The lines are tested both in the 106,90 presence and absence of fungicide treatment. 92,1
DON ppb 100 80,6
50
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rosalind Frida Nefertari Rosalind Frida Nefertari Untreated 2017 2018 Treated 38 Registration year > 2010 AFRODITE Origin > LINEA IE88T1 X LINEA FU15 Bread wheat > Medium-late cycle Standard bread-making Amber-white seed High productivity Also recommended for the production of silage
FEATURES Grain colour: amber-white Fusarium: medium tolerance Ear: medium, parallel edges, white and glaucosity Virus SBCMV: medium tolerance Awn: absent Septoria: medium tolerance Plant height: 82-86 cm 1.000 seeds weight: 38-41 gr Habitus: winter Test weight: 80-82 Tillering: high Proteins: 11-13% Cold: resistant Hardness: medium-soft Earing: medium-late Class: standard bread-making Resistance to lodging: excellent W: 140 Oidium: tolerant P/L: 0,5 Leaf rust: medium tolerance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 320-370 320-370 350-400 - -
Central Italy 350-400 370-420 400-450 - -
Southern Italy - - - - -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 39 Registration year > 2011 ELETTA Origin > FZ519F X FU109E Bread wheat > Medium cycle Strong wheat Red seed High productivity
FEATURES Grain colour: red Virus SBCMV: medium tolerance Ear: medium, pyramidal, white Yellow rust: medium tolerance Awn: present Fusarium: medium tolerance Plant height: 80-85 cm Septoria: medium tolerance Habitus: alternative 1.000 seeds weight: 44-46 gr Tillering: medium-high Test weight: 81-83 Cold: resistant Proteins: 13-15% Earing: medium Hardness: medium Resistance to lodging: high Class: strong wheat Oidium: tolerant W: 380-430 Leaf rust: medium tolerance P/L: 0,7-1,0
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 370-450 370-450 400-450 420-450 -
Central Italy 370-450 400-450 400-450 420-470 450-500
Southern Italy 370-450 400-450 420-450 420-470 -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 40 LUCILLA Registration year > 2014 Bread wheat > Medium cycle Strong wheat Red seed High productivity
FEATURES Grain colour: red Virus SBCMV: resistant Ear: medium, pyramidal, amber Yellow rust: medium tolerance Awn: present Fusarium: medium tolerance Plant height: 85-90 cm Septoria: medium tolerance Habitus: alternative 1.000 seeds weight: 43-45 gr Tillering: high Test weight: 81-83 Cold: resistant Proteins: 13-15% Water stress: resistant Hardness: medium Earing: medium Class: strong wheat Resistance to lodging: excellent W: 290-310 Oidium: tolerant P/L: 0,7-0,9 Leaf rust: good tolerance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 320-370 320-370 350-400 350-400 -
Central Italy 350-400 350-400 370-420 400-450 400-450
Southern Italy 350-400 370-420 400-450 400-450 -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 41 Origin >K9-12-AB/ (APACHE/ ILARIA STENDAL)//K912AB (BC5F2) Bread wheat > Late cycle Antifusarium Standard bread-making Amber seed Good productivity High resistance to disease
FEATURES Grain colour: amber Yellow rust: resistant Ear: medium-long, pyramidal, Fusarium: high resistance. First in Italy white and high glaucosity with the major QTLs of resistance Awn: absent Septoria: good tolerance Plant height: 80-85 cm 1.000 seeds weight: 40-44 gr Habitus: winter Test weight: 81-83 Tillering: high Proteins: 12-14% Cold: resistant Hardness: medium Earing: medium Class: standard bread-making Resistance to lodging: excellent W: 140-160 Oidium: tolerant P/L: 0,4-0,5 Leaf rust: medium tolerance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 320-380 350-380 350-400 - -
Central Italy 350-380 350-380 350-420 - -
Southern Italy - - - - -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 42 Resistance to Fusarium ILARIA
Resistance test to Fusarium spp: production, hectolitre weight and damage from Fusarium spp.
93 90 87 84 81 80 78 75 72 69 66 63 60 60 57 54 51 48 45 42 39 40 36 33 30 Average results Test weight 27 24 Average results Productivity 21 Average results 18 20 15 Damage of Fusarium* 12 9 8 8 8 Productivity ql/ha 6 Test weight kg/hl 3 1 Damage of Fusarium* 0 0 Ilaria Artico Aubusson Sagittario Test weight (Kg/hl) 80,50 Data extracted from tests carried out by ISEA Srl 300 Ass. (%) Prot.int. (%ss) in 2012/13 on the land of CERMIS in Tolentino (MC). 51,20 200 12,50 *Scale from 0 to 9, where 0 represents minimum damage and 9 represents maximum damage. 100 In the histogram we have reported the values for varieties Cad. (UB) Fall. N. (s) of hectolitre weight, given that this parameter is strongly influenced by the presence of Fusarium. The value of the hectolitre weight 48,50 270,00 0 of Ilaria confirms its resistance to the disease. AVERAGE QUALITATIVE FEATURES Stab. (min) W 7,60 140 Ilaria Data obtained from various comparison T.imp. (min) P/L tests carried out by ISEA Srl. 1,80 0,40 43 Registration year > 2012 PALEOTTO Origin > LINEA 304 X FU115M Bread wheat > Medium-late cycle Superior bread-making Red-amber seed High productivity
FEATURES Grain colour: red-amber Virus SBCMV: resistant Ear: medium-long, white, glaucosity, parallel edges Yellow rust: tolerant Awn: present Fusarium: medium tolerance Plant height: 75-80 cm Septoria: medium tolerance Habitus: winter 1.000 seeds weight: 36-38 gr Tillering: medium-high Test weight: 80-81 Cold: resistant Proteins: 13-14% Earing: medium Hardness: medium Resistance to lodging: high Class: superior bread-making Oidium: good tolerance W: 250-260 Leaf rust: medium tolerance P/L: 0,8-0,9
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 450-550 450-550 500-550 - -
Central Italy 450-550 450-550 500-600 - -
Southern Italy 450-550 450-550 - - -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 44 Registration year > 2010 STENDAL Origin > VIII-221 x V-33 Bread wheat > Medium-early cycle Strong wheat Amber seed High productivity High adaptability High tolerance to leaf rust
FEATURES Grain colour: amber Yellow rust: medium susceptible Ear: medium, parallel edges, white and high glaucosity in the areas at risk Awn: present Fusarium: medium tolerance Plant height: 80-85 cm Septoria: good tolerance Habitus: alternative 1.000 seeds weight: 38-42 gr Tillering: high Test weight: 80-82 Cold: medium resistance Proteins: 14-15% Earing: medium Hardness: medium Resistance to lodging: high Class: strong wheat Oidium: tolerant W: 320-380 Leaf rust: tolerant P/L: 0,50-0,60
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 420-470 420-470 450-500 450-500 500-550
Central Italy - 420-500 450-500 500-550 500-550
Southern Italy - 420-500 450-500 500-550 500-550
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 45 Registration year > 2004 VITTORIO Origin > M1315-16 x M-JE3B Bread wheat > Early cycle Superior bread-making Amber seed Very early cycle
FEATURES Grain colour: amber Leaf rust: medium tolerance Ear: medium, white, parallel edges Yellow rust: medium tolerance Awn: present Fusarium: medium tolerance Plant height: 70-80 cm Septoria: medium tolerance Habitus: alternative 1.000 seeds weight: 38-42 gr Tillering: high Test weight: 82-84 Cold: resistant Proteins: 13-15% Water stress: resistant Hardness: soft Earing: early Class: superior bread-making Resistance to lodging: excellent W: 210-270 Virus SBCMV: resistant P/L: 0,67-0,90 Oidium: tolerant
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 450-500 450-500 500-550 500-550 500-550
Central Italy - 450-500 450-500 500-550 500-550
Southern Italy - 450-500 450-520 500-550 500-550
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 46 THE THAYAHT SUIT (1920)
THE INVENTOR OF THE SUIT.
Conceived by the Florentine-born American Ernesto Henry Michahelles, nom de plume Thayaht, futurist, great painter and sculptor of the time. Innovative and original fashion stylist, inspired by the concepts of functionality expressed by Balla in 1918, he designs the first suit. This type of outfit was a new, practical, simple and synthetic combination: in fact, shirt, jacket and trousers were condensed into one piece with buttons on the front, four applied pockets and lacking decorations; it was easy and simple to wear and could be worn with a belt.
THE PRÊT-À-PORTER OUTFITS BY EMILIO PUCCI (1957)
Emilio Pucci is the forerunner of Italian ‘prêt-à-porter’ outfits as he went against the trend launching a “ready to wear” casual wear which he would make in his own Florentine building in via dé Pucci. Up till then the young girls were wearing tight-waist flared skirts, bodice and petticoats. With Pucci, came freedom, the outfits had essential cuts, they were light and vivacious. Those unusual shades of colour from lemon yellow to the bougainvillea pink of Capri, to lilac and turquoise which were popular amongst Marilyn Monroe, Sofia Loren, Jackie Kennedy and all the divas of the time. Versatile and cultured, his collections were inspired by the “Palio” of Siena, Batik of Bali, the Island of Sicily the colours of Africa, the islands of Hawaii. He was a man of the future and accepted to design on behalf of NASA the logo for Apollo 15 in 1971. 47 GOFFREDO MAMELI (1827-1849)
The anthem of Mameli represents our country in the world. “Il Canto degli Italiani”, known as “Fratelli d’Italia”, the national Song or Anthem of Italy traces back to a song of the “Risorgimento” and was chosen to be the GIUSEPPE Italian anthem of the Italian Republic. On 4 GIACOMO November 1946 was played for the first time at VERDI the solemn oath ceremony of the Army Forces. PUCCINI (1813-1901) (1858-1924)
Verdi’s music genius and his music is to date Giacomo Puccini represents one of the most still represented in all the world. Considered important Italian composers. His twelve operas to be one of the greatest composers of all gained enormous success and are still part of time, composer of unique pieces of music repertoires of all the opera theatres in the world, and evergreen melodramas: Verdi is still the a privilege that does not pertain to all and is pride of Italy throughout the world. Amongst contended at that, by quite a few names in the his most important operas are: history of international music. His life is strictly linked to the lands of Tuscany and especially • Rigoletto (1851), that of Lucca, which always commemorates him • Il trovatore (1853) with honour and dedication through festivals, • La traviata (1853) museums and musical initiatives. Puccini had • Va’ Pensiero an enormous influence over the development • Nabucco of theatrical modern music. Bohème, Madame Butterfly and Turandot are the operas that still today are the most rehearsed the world over. 48 BARLEY
“The artist must bow to his own inspiration, and should he possess a real talent, no-one is aware of it and knows better than he does what is more becoming for him. I am supposed to compose with profound confidence a subject that causes my blood to boil, success would for me be impossible if I were not able to write what my heart dictated to me.”
Giuseppe Verdi
49 ARIANNA Registration year > 1990 Barley > Medium-early cycle Multiple rows Winter sowing (until 15 January) High adaptability Fair seed
FEATURES
Ear: medium-long, slightly glaucosity, Septoria: medium tolerance Plant height: 95-100 cm Helminthosporium: medium tolerance Tillering: excellent Rhynchosporium: medium tolerance Cold: resistant Yellow mosaic virus: Water stress: resistant medium resistance Earing: medium-early 1.000 seeds weight: 43 gr Resistance to lodging: high Test weight: 64-66 Oidium: medium tolerance Proteins: 12-14% Rusts: medium tolerance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 350-380 350-380 370-400 400-430 -
Central Italy - 370-400 400-430 420-450 -
Southern Italy - 350-380 370-400 400-430 -
For shredded use, increase the level of sowing by 10%. 50 EXPLORA Registration year > 2007 Barley > Early cycle Multiple rows Winter sowing High productivity Fair seed
FEATURES
Ear: medium, medium glaucosity Rusts: medium tolerance Plant height: 80-90 cm Septoria: medium tolerance Tillering: good Helminthosporium: medium tolerance Cold: resistant Rhynchosporium: medium tolerance Water stress: resistant Yellow mosaic virus: resistant Earing: early 1.000 seeds weight: 45 gr Resistance to lodging: high Test weight: 64-66 Oidium: medium tolerance Proteins: 11-13%
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 350-380 350-380 370-400 400-430 400-430
Central Italy - 370-400 400-430 420-450 420-450
Southern Italy - 350-380 370-400 400-430 400-430
For shredded use, increase the level of sowing by 10%. 51 FUTURA Barley > Medium-early cycle Multiple rows Winter sowing Fair seed
FEATURES
Ear: medium, glaucosity, parallel edges Septoria: medium tolerance Plant height: 95-100 cm Helminthosporium: medium tolerance Tillering: excellent Rhynchosporium: medium tolerance Cold: resistant Yellow mosaic virus: resistant Earing: medium-early 1.000 seeds weight: 40-42 gr Resistance to lodging: good Test weight: 62-65 Oidium: good tolerance Proteins: 11-12% Rusts: good tolerance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 350-380 350-380 370-400 400-430 -
Central Italy - 370-400 400-430 420-450 -
Southern Italy - 350-380 370-400 400-430 -
For shredded use, increase the level of sowing by 10%. 52 SFERA Registration year > 2007 Barley > Medium-early cycle Double rows Winter sowing (until 15 January) High productivity Fair seed
FEATURES
Ear: medium Rusts: medium tolerance Plant height: 80-90 cm Septoria: medium tolerance Tillering: good Helminthosporium: medium tolerance Cold: resistant Rhynchosporium: medium tolerance Water stress: medium resistance Yellow mosaic virus: resistant Earing: medium-early 1.000 seeds weight: 48-49 gr Resistance to lodging: excellent Test weight: 68-70 Oidium: medium tolerance Proteins: 11-13%
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 350-380 350-380 370-400 400-430 -
Central Italy - 370-400 400-430 - -
Southern Italy - 350-380 370-400 - -
For shredded use, increase the level of sowing by 10%. 53 TEA Registration year > 1988 Barley > Early cycle Double rows Alternative High productivity Highly flexible period for sowing Fair seed
FEATURES
Ear: medium-long Septoria: medium tolerance Plant height: 75-85 cm Helminthosporium: medium tolerance Tillering: excellent Rhynchosporium: medium tolerance Cold: medium resistance Yellow mosaic virus: Water stress: resistant medium resistance Earing: early 1.000 seeds weight: 46 gr Resistance to lodging: excellent Test weight: 66-68 Oidium: medium tolerance Proteins: 11-12% Rusts: medium tolerance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 350-380 350-380 370-400 400-430 400-430
Central Italy - 370-400 400-430 420-450 420-450
Southern Italy - 350-380 370-400 400-430 400-430
For shredded use, increase the level of sowing by 10%. 54 TIPO Registration year > 2002 Barley > Early cycle Double rows Spring sowing Fair seed
FEATURES
Ear: medium Septoria: medium tolerance Plant height: 85-90 cm Helminthosporium: medium tolerance Tillering: good Rhynchosporium: medium tolerance Cold: medium resistance Yellow mosaic virus: Water stress: resistant medium resistance Earing: early 1.000 seeds weight: 41 gr Resistance to lodging: excellent Test weight: 69-71 Oidium: medium tolerance Proteins: 12-12,5% Rusts: medium tolerance
SOWING DENSITY December January February March April Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy - 370-400 400-430 400-430 400-430
Central Italy - 390-420 420-450 420-450 420-450
Southern Italy - 370-400 400-430 400-430 400-430
For shredded use, increase the level of sowing by 10%. 55 MARCO MICHAHELLES (1896-1989)
THE SEARCH FOR NEW SEEDS AND CEREALS
In the field of applied genetic research it would be fair remembering an outstanding figure, but rather quite forgotten in the last decade in the field of Italian breeding. The beginnings date back to 1921, when Michahelles was called to lead the “Istituto di Cerealicoltura” of the noble family Conti from Frassineto, in the province of Arezzo. Born in Florence on 23 November 1896 from a family of Swiss-American origins, he took a degree in agricultural sciences at the University of Perugia and specialised with Prof. Nilsson-Ehle, Director of the Cereal-Cultivation Station in Svaloff, Sweden, Michahelles had worked for a short time at the Union of Wheat Grain Producers of Rieti, thus starting off a genealogical selective process of seeds and cereals from Rieti, that he brought to the commercial product Rieti Todaro fam. 11. In the wake of his perfectioning in the field of Agricultural Genetics at the school of Francesco Todaro, founder of the Bolonaise Corporation of Seed Producers, Michahelles studied and applied the methods of genetic selection, at about the same time as the work was being
56 carried out by Nazareno Strampelli at Rieti. From the Counts of 10 years later, i.e. in the 60’s simply defined as semi-dwarf. From Frassineto he was put in charge of further developing research 1924 to 1994 Michahelles produced altogether 40 varieties of soft on the “Gentil Rosso” (Gentle Red) that had been undertaken by wheat, which, in the mid-nineteen hundreds, they have occupied them already, matching it immediately and alongside with the between 25% and 35% of the surface in Italy. In 1973, on occasion hybrid and with the “genealogical selection” applied to the “race” of IV Seminar on Seeds and Cereals, held in Teheran, organised (breed). The variety called Frassineto 405, and published in 1927, by FAO and by the Rockefeller Foundation, with the title “Historic would be widely cultivated in Italy up to the early years of the prospects of Wheat Breeding in Italy: brief overview of some 1960s and used above all by the same Michahelles in the hybrids relevant aspects in genetic improvement carried out in Italy, with with Strampelli varieties: Mentana, Villa Glori and Damiano. In 1933 special reference to N. Strampelli”, Marco Michahelles role and his Frassineto 405 was to be called ‘Grano Vittorioso’ (Victorious successful varieties, was stressed: “Frassineto 405”, “Autonomia”, Grain) because spread of 42% of the arable land in central Italy, “Abbondanza”, “Impeto” and lastly “Mara”: “widely cultivated the equivalent to approximately 300.000 hectares. in Italy and other countries for its high productive capacity in Its introduction on the market immediately brought to the particular in very fertile soils”. replacement of all the former wheats for its innovative features: resistance to rust, bedding, the cold, and was also common on hilly areas, poor soils, at the same time yielding better production on stronger soils and on plains. Since 1929, Michahelles, went (from a study written by Prof. Benito Giorgi and Dr. Luciana Becherini). ahead in producing a substantial number of cross-breeds, which, following a long period of assessment, would give rise to a group of “precocious unrefined” seeds and cereals that perfectly met the objectives set. In 1933 and 1934 ‘Aquila’ and ‘Fontarronco’ were to be published. However, his real and proper masterwork was to be the variety “Mara” in 1949, which gained enormous success and which was to be the forerunner of a multiple series of other varieties that were very widespread. From 1954 Michahelles retired to his own estate at Torrenova, in the province of Leghorn, where he carried on with his work as breeder and created other varieties of soft wheat like “Campodoro” in 1954, “Generoso” in 1957, “Marzotto” in 1960, “Mec” in 1972 amongst others. These varieties, in addition to the ones of other Italian constituents, represent the beginning of the modern type of wheat crop, as opposed to U.S. breeds, which
57 MARIA MONTESSORI (1870-1952)
THE NEW TEACHING METHOD BY THE TEACHER FROM THE MARCHE REGION (1901)
The Montessori method is the educational method conceived by The idea at the basis of the revolutionary method of Maria Montessori the teacher from the Marche region, Maria Montessori, introduced advocates that the child be left free to explore the world on his own, in about 60.000 schools throughout the world (mainly in U.S.A. with the certainty that he be motivated by an innate inscrutable Germany the Netherlands and U.K.), for toddlers from the age of impulse which would encourage him towards the eagerness to learn birth to their eighteenth year. The Montessori method is based on and discover. In this sense the child’s curiosity represents the real independence, on the freedom of being able to choose one’s own driving learning factor which if allowed to “wander around” without educational path (within codified limits) and having respect for the interference, will lead him to develop to the most, all his capabilities natural physical, psychological and social development of the child. and to conquer the world through the yearning of his intelligence.
58 MINOR CEREALS
“The live object in the realistic film is “the world”, not the history, not the story. It does not have any preordained thesis because they are born from the self. It does not like the superfluous or the spectacular, which on the contrary, it refuses; but comes to the point. It does not stop on the surface, but looks for the most subtle strings of the soul... it looks for the reasons that lie within each and everyone of us. In short, the realistic film is the film that brings up and questions problems: it is the film that wants to make you reason out.”
Roberto Rossellini A Few Words on Neorealism in Retrospective no. 4, April 1953
59 CATRIA Registration year > 1989 Triticale > Medium-early cycle For the production of grains and silage Alternative
FEATURES
Ear: white and elongated Resistance to lodging: high Plant height: 105-110 cm Oidium: tolerant Tillering: very high Septoria: tolerant Cold: resistant 1.000 seeds weight: 39-43 gr Water stress: resistant Test weight: 62-66 Earing: medium-early Proteins: 13-15%
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 370-400 400-430 420-450 440-470 460-490 460-490
Central Italy 390-420 420-450 440-470 460-490 480-510 480-510
Southern Italy - 400-430 420-450 440-470 460-490 460-490
For the production of silage increase the number of seeds per square metre by 10%. 60 QUIRINALE Registration year > 2013 Triticale > Late cycle For the production of grains and silage Alternative
FEATURES
Ear: medium and white Resistance to lodging: good Plant height: 125-140 cm Oidium: medium tolerance Tillering: good Septoria: tolerant Cold: resistant 1.000 seeds weight: 40-46 gr Water stress: medium resistance Test weight: 70-74 Earing: medium-late Proteins: 13-15%
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 320-350 370-400 420-450 450-480 -
Central Italy 370-400 370-400 420-450 - -
Southern Italy 370-400 400-430 420-450 - -
For the production of silage increase the number of seeds per square metre by 10%. 61 RIGEL Registration year > 1987 Triticale > Early cycle For the production of grains and silage Alternative
FEATURES
Ear: long Resistance to lodging: high Plant height: 115-120 cm Oidium: medium tolerance Tillering: good Septoria: medium tolerance Cold: resistant 1.000 seeds weight: 42-45 gr Water stress: resistant Test weight: 60-70 Earing: medium-early Proteins: 13-15%
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 370-400 400-430 420-450 440-470 460-490 460-490
Central Italy 390-420 420-450 440-470 460-490 480-510 480-510
Southern Italy - 400-430 420-450 440-470 460-490 460-490
For the production of silage increase the number of seeds per square metre by 10%. 62 FLAVIA Registration year > 1996 Oat > Early cycle White oat For the production of grains and fodder Alternative
FEATURES
Ears: medium Rusts: medium tolerance Awn: absent Septoria: medium tolerance Plant height: 90-95 cm 1.000 seeds weight: 30-33 gr Tillering: high Test weight: 46-50 Cold: medium resistance Proteins: 14-15% Water stress: resistant Content in fats: 12% Resistance to lodging: good Yield at decortication: 81-82% Oidium: medium tolerance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 350-380 350-380 370-400 400-450 450-480 450-480
Central Italy - 370-400 400-430 420-470 470-500 470-500
Southern Italy - 350-380 370-400 400-450 450-480 450-480
63 FULVIA Registration year > 2000 Oat > Early cycle Red oat For the production of grains and fodder Alternative
FEATURES
Ears: medium Rusts: medium tolerance Awn: present Septoria: medium tolerance Plant height: 85-90 cm 1.000 seeds weight: 32-35 gr Tillering: high Test weight: 51 Cold: medium resistance Proteins: 14-15% Water stress: resistant Content in fats: 12% Resistance to lodging: good Yield at decortication:79-80% Oidium: medium tolerance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 350-380 350-380 370-400 400-450 450-480 450-480
Central Italy - 370-400 400-430 420-470 470-500 470-500
Southern Italy - 350-380 370-400 400-450 450-480 450-480
64 IRINA Registration year > 2000 Oat > Late cycle Naked kernels Using for human consumption Alternative High productivity
FEATURES Interesting for the production of food for people who are intolerant to gluten and for the production of baby food. Ears: medium Rusts: medium tolerance Awn: absent or very weak Septoria: medium tolerance Plant height: 80-85 cm 1.000 seeds weight: 20-25 gr Tillering: high Test weight: high 58-63 Cold: resistant Proteins: 15-17% Water stress: resistant Content in fats: 8-10% Resistance to lodging: excellent B-glucan content: 4-5% (big and flexible stem)
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 350-380 350-380 370-400 400-450 450-480 450-480
Central Italy - 370-400 400-430 420-470 470-500 470-500
Southern Italy - 350-380 370-400 400-450 450-480 450-480
For the production of silage increase the number of seeds per square metre by 10%. 65 NIGRA Registration year > 2000 Oat > Medium cycle Black oat For the production of grains and fodder Alternative
FEATURES
Ears: medium Oidium: medium tolerance Awn: absent Rusts: medium tolerance Plant height: 90-95 cm Septoria: medium tolerance Tillering: good 1.000 seeds weight: 32-34 gr Cold: medium resistance Test weight: 48-52 Water stress: resistant Proteins: 13-14% Resistance to lodging: good Content in fats: 12%
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 350-380 350-380 370-400 400-450 450-480 450-480
Central Italy - 370-400 400-430 420-470 470-500 470-500
Southern Italy - 350-380 370-400 400-450 450-480 450-480
66 BENEDETTO Spelt > Medium cycle Suitable for baking Alternative
FEATURES
Earing: medium-early Oidium: medium tolerance Plant height: 90-110 cm Leaf rust: good tolerance Cold: resistant Septoria: medium tolerance Water stress: resistant Proteins: 15-16% Resistance to lodging: good
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 370-400 400-430 420-450 440-470 460-500 460-500
Central Italy 390-420 420-450 440-470 460-490 480-510 480-510
Southern Italy - 400-430 420-450 440-470 460-500 460-500
67 PADRE PIO Spelt > Early cycle Suitable for pasta Alternative
FEATURES
Earing: early Oidium: tolerant Plant height: 85-105 cm Leaf rust: medium tolerance Cold: resistant Septoria: medium tolerance Water stress: resistant Proteins: 13-14% Resistance to lodging: high
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 370-400 400-430 420-450 440-470 460-500 460-500
Central Italy 390-420 420-450 440-470 460-490 480-510 480-510
Southern Italy - 400-430 420-450 440-470 460-500 460-500
68 PULSES
“Only two possible conclusions are possible: Should the result confirm the hypothesis, then you will have just simply taken a measurement. Should the result be contrary to the hypothesis, then you will have made a discovery.”
Enrico Fermi
69 THE NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS ENRICO FERMI: THE DISCOVERY OF ATOM ENERGY (1938) Enrico Fermi (1901 – 1954) was a physicist, inventor and Italian academic, one of the most important scientists of the 1900s. Amongst the numerous contributions worth mentioning the theory of the beta decay theory, statistical quantum theory of Fermi-Dirac and results concerning nuclear interactions. In 1938 he received the Nobel Prize in physics for “the identification of new radioactive elements and the discovery of nuclear reactions through slow neutrons”. The vital discovery, which was to change the history of mankind, was made by Fermi on 20 October 1934: that morning he was alone in taking measurements and substituted in an experiment a lead wedge, which was to be inserted between the source of neutrons and the target with a piece of paraffin. The result was incredible, the Geiger counters went crazy and the radioactive induction resulted being more powerful. Fermi and his colleagues patented the discovery on 26 October 1935 regarding the production process of artificial radioactive substances through the bombardment of slow atoms. This discovery was to be decisive in the subsequent development of atomic energy.
RENATO DULBECCO: THE GENOMA PROJECT (1998) The idea of constructing a physical map of chromosomes and the sequences of the human gene structure was advocated for the first time as a theme of discussion in 1984, in a scientific summit attended by 20 Nobel Prize winners amongst whom Renato Dulbecco, who was assigned the 1975 prestigious prize in the field of medicine for the discovery of the mechanism that provoked tumor virus in animal cells. In 1987, Dulbecco was invited by CNR to lead the Genoma Project, and which was to become an international project. It occurred right in Italy for the first time in the world that the project was to change the fate of scientific research and knowledge. 70 THE NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS RITA LEVI MONTALCINI: THE NERVE GROWTH FACTOR (1986) Rita Levi-Montalcini was a scientist of notable importance during the course of the 1900s in Italy which earned her the Nobel Prize in 1986 for medicine. Neurologist, academic and senator, in the 50’s, thanks to her research work she discovered and identified the factor of nerve growth fibre now known as NGF. She was also the first woman to be admitted to the “Pontificia Accademia delle Scienze”. Nobel Prize dedication reads: «The discovery of NGF in the early 50’s is a striking example of how a keen observer is able to extract valid hypotheses when there seems to be apparent chaos... Before then neurobiologists had no idea what processes intervened during the normal nerve growth of organs and tissues in the organism».
MARGHERITA HACK: THE LADY OF THE STARS (1922-2013)
Renown Italian astrophysicist fought “star” wars in order that the entire country be modernised and renewed. From 1964 to 1987 she led and managed the Astronomic Observatory at Trieste, becoming the first woman in Italy to do so. Through her spirit of inquiry, Margherita Hack would come out from the observatories and would tell stories about the skies, opening the doors of science to the man in the street. “You must study - she would say -, always study”. “We ourselves are made of material that stars are composed of. That’s where it all started, 13 billion years ago: this is how the atoms came to be constituted”.
71 FRANCO MODIGLIANI:
THE THEORY ON LIFE CYCLE (1985)
The theory on life-cycle was elaborated by the Nobel Prize Winner Franco Modigliani in 1950. The theory advocated how the majority of individuals tended to possess a standard level of consumption during their life. The individual’s consumption became a variable which could be assessed a priori and hence in some way predicted. At this stage, depending on the amount of available monthly income, it was possible to determine the capacity to make savings (calculated from the simple difference between income and consumption) and thus easier to plan the needs and future objectives of the individual. According to Franco Modigliani a person’s decision taken on how much to save and what his consumption would be tends to be planned over time with the final aim of obtaining the maximum profit, which could be identified with the constant level of consumption over time, in short over an entire life-cycle. His theory laid the foundations to modern economy and finance. RICCARDO GIACCONI: THE DISCOVERY OF COSMIC XRAYS (2002)
Riccardo Giacconi astrologist and Italian academic, naturalised United States citizen, co- winner of the Nobel Prize for physics in 2002 and his “pioneering contribution to astrophysics, that have led to the discovery of rising Xray cosmic sources”. Further to being considered the father of Xray Astronomy, his contribution to the design and construction of Nasa’s Chandra, one of the first Xray telescopes launched into space. Together with his team, he is responsible for the planning the of optical system which permitted to focus Xrays. Over 50 years ago, he paved the way to new horizons, a contribution that earned him the Wolf medal for physics in 1987. 72 MARAGIÀ Chick-pea > Medium cycle Beige seed, medium wrinkled, large caliber Medium tolerance to Ascochyta Rabei Alternative
FEATURES
Flower’s colour: white Plant type: erect Plant height: 60-65 cm Dehiscence: resistant Cold: resistant Drought: resistant Resistance to lodging: excellent 1.000 seeds weight: 380-450 gr
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy - - - - 40-45 45-50
Central Italy - - - 40-45 40-45 45-50
Southern Italy - 30-35 30-35 30-35 40-45 40-45
73 PASCIÀ Chick-pea > Medium cycle Fair seed, wrinkled, large caliber Medium tolerance to Ascochyta Rabiei Alternative
FEATURES
Flower’s colour: white Plant type: semi-erect Plant height: 60-65 cm Dehiscence: resistant Cold: medium resistance Drought: resistant Resistance to lodging: excellent 1.000 seeds weight: 400-500 gr
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy - - - - 40-45 45-50
Central Italy - - - 40-45 40-45 45-50
Southern Italy - 30-35 30-35 35-40 40-45 40-45
74 REALE Chick-pea > Medium cycle Fair seed, wrinkled, large caliber Medium tolerance to Ascochyta Rabiei Alternative
FEATURES
Flower’s colour: white Plant type: erect Plant height: 60-65 cm Dehiscence: resistant Cold: medium resistance Drought: resistant Resistance to lodging: excellent 1.000 seeds weight: 400-450 gr
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy - - - - 40-45 45-50
Central Italy - - - 40-45 40-45 45-50
Southern Italy - 30-35 30-35 35-40 40-45 40-45
75 SULTANO Chick-pea > Medium cycle Beige-yellowish seed, smooth, medium-small caliber Resistant to Ascochyta Rabiei Alternative
FEATURES
Flower’s colour: white Plant type: erect Plant height: 75-80 cm Dehiscence: resistant Cold: medium resistance Drought: resistant Resistance to lodging: excellent 1.000 seeds weight: 280-300 gr
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy - - - - 40-45 45-50
Central Italy - - - 40-45 40-45 45-50
Southern Italy - 30-35 30-35 35-40 40-45 40-45
76 CHIARO DI TORRELAMA Field bean > Medium cycle White Alternative High productivity Resistant to cold
FEATURES
Flower: white, melanin patch present Water stress: resistant Seed: medium-small, Resistance to lodging: excellent oval, light brown Rusts: tolerant Plant type: erect 1.000 seeds weight: 350-450 gr Plant height: 100-110 cm Proteins: 24-26% Sowing period: autumn, spring Cold: very resistant (-7 °C)
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 35-40 35-40 40-45 40-45 45-50 45-50
Central Italy 40-45 40-45 45-50 45-50 50-55 50-55
Southern Italy - 35-40 40-45 40-45 45-50 45-50
For grass manure, increase the number of seeds per square metre by 50%. 77 ENRICO Field bean > Medium cycle Black Alternative High productivity Resistant to cold
FEATURES
Flower: white, melanin patch present Water stress: resistant Seed: medium-small, oval, black Resistance to lodging: excellent Plant type: erect Rusts: medium tolerance Plant height: 100-110 cm 1.000 seeds weight: 350-400 gr Sowing period: autumn, spring Proteins: 25-27% Cold: resistant
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 35-40 35-40 40-45 40-45 45-50 45-50
Central Italy 40-45 40-45 45-50 45-50 50-55 50-55
Southern Italy - 35-40 40-45 40-45 45-50 45-50
For grass manure, increase the number of seeds per square metre by 50%. 78 RUMBO Field bean > Early cycle White Large caliber Alternative High productivity
FEATURES
Flower: white, melanin patch present Resistance to lodging: excellent Seed: big, oval, light brown Rusts: medium tolerance Plant type: erect 1.000 seeds weight: 450-550 gr Plant height: 95-105 cm Proteins: 25-27% Sowing period: autumn, spring Cold: resistant Water stress: resistant
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 35-40 35-40 40-45 40-45 45-50 45-50
Central Italy 40-45 40-45 45-50 45-50 50-55 50-55
Southern Italy - 35-40 40-45 40-45 45-50 45-50
For grass manure, increase the number of seeds per square metre by 50%. 79 SCURO DI TORRELAMA Field bean > Medium cycle Black Alternative High productivity Resistant to cold
FEATURES
Flower: white, melanin patch present Water stress: resistant Seed: medium-small, Resistance to lodging: excellent oval, black Rusts: tolerant Plant type: erect 1.000 seeds weight: 300-400 gr Plant height: 100-110 cm Proteins: 24-26% Sowing period: autumn, spring Cold: resistant
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 35-40 35-40 40-45 40-45 45-50 45-50
Central Italy 40-45 40-45 45-50 45-50 50-55 50-55
Southern Italy - 35-40 40-45 40-45 45-50 45-50
For grass manure, increase the number of seeds per square metre by 50%. 80 ASTRONAUTE Proteic pea > Medium cycle Aphyllous Alternative Good protein content (>20%)
FEATURES
Flower: white Ascochyta (type C): Seed: big, round, yellow medium tolerance Plant type: erect Bymv 2: resistant Plant height: 70-80 cm Oidium: medium tolerance Cold: resistant Ferric chlorosis: Water stress: resistant medium resistance Resistance to lodging: high 1.000 seeds weight: 240 gr F. Oxisporum (type 1): resistant
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 80-90 80-90 90-100 90-100 100-110 100-110
Central Italy 80-90 90-100 90-100 100-110 100-110 100-110
Southern Italy - 100-110 100-110 110-120 110-120 110-120
For grass manure, increase the number of seeds per square metre by 50%. 81 AVIRON Registration year > 2013 Proteic pea > Medium-late cycle Aphyllous Alternative Green grain Low content of trypsin inhibitors
FEATURES
Flower: white Ascochyta (type C): Seed: medium-small, round, green medium resistance Plant type: erect Bymv 2: resistant Plant height: 70-80 cm Oidium: medium tolerance Cold: resistant Ferric chlorosis: medium resistance Water stress: medium resistance 1.000 seeds weight: Resistance to lodging: high 160-170 gr F. Oxisporum (type 1): resistant
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 80-90 80-90 90-100 90-100 100-100
Central Italy 80-90 90-100 90-100 100-110 100-110
Southern Italy - 100-110 100-110 110-120 110-120
82 MULTITALIA White lupin > Early cycle White seed, medium-small caliber Winter habitus Suitable soil: acid Ph (4,5-6,5)
FEATURES
Plant height: 94-98 cm Plant diseases: medium tolerance Insertion of the 1st pod: 40-42 cm 1.000 seeds weight: 360-400 gr Cold: medium resistance Proteins: 42% Drought: resistant Lipids: 12-13% Resistance to lodging: excellent
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 30-35 35-40 35-40 - - -
Central Italy 30-35 35-40 35-40 - - -
Southern Italy - 35-40 35-40 40-45 - -
83 TENNIS White lupin > Medium cycle Sweet: absence of anti-nutritional factors White seed, small caliber Winter habitus Suitable soil: acid Ph (4,5-6)
FEATURES
Plant height: 85-90 cm Plant diseases: medium tolerance Insertion of the 1st pod: 35-37 cm 1.000 seeds weight: 300-340 gr Cold: resistant Proteins: 44% Drought: resistant Lipids: 11-12% Resistance to lodging: excellent
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 30-35 35-40 35-40 - - -
Central Italy 30-35 35-40 35-40 - - -
Southern Italy - 35-40 35-40 40-45 - -
84 POLO Blue lupin > Medium cycle Low alkaloid content White seed, very small caliber Winter habitus Suitable soil: acid Ph (4,5-6)
FEATURES
Plant height: 110-115 cm 1.000 seeds weight: 150-160 gr Cold: resistant Proteins: 40-42% Drought: medium resistance Lipids: 13-14% Resistance to lodging: excellent Plant diseases: medium resistance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February March Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 30-35 35-40 35-40 - - -
Central Italy 30-35 35-40 35-40 - - -
Southern Italy - 35-40 35-40 40-45 - -
85 ELSA Lentil > Medium-late cycle Yellow cotyledons Big seed Marbled pink colour seed
FEATURES
Plant type: erect Cold: medium resistance N° of branches: 2,7-2,9 Drought: resistant Pods per plant: 72-74 Productivity: 800-1000 Kg/ha Seeds per pod: 0,6-0,7 1.000 seeds weight: 40-45 gr Dehiscence: resistant Proteins: 24-26% Plant height: 45-48 cm
SOWING DENSITY January February March April Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy - 220-250 250-300 250-300
Central Italy - 270-300 300-330 300-330
Southern Italy 220-250 220-250 250-300 -
86 GAIA Lentil > Early cycle Yellow cotyledons Small seed Marbled grey-green colour seed
FEATURES
Plant type: erect Cold: resistant N° of branches: 2,8-3,0 Drought: resistant Pods per plant: 108-112 Productivity: 1.200-1.500 Kg/ha Seeds per pod: 1 1.000 seeds weight: 20-25 gr Dehiscence: resistant Proteins: 24-26% Plant height: 30-35 cm
SOWING DENSITY January February March April Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy - 220-250 250-300 250-300
Central Italy - 270-300 300-330 300-330
Southern Italy 220-250 220-250 250-300 -
87 ITACA Lentil > Medium-late cycle Orange cotyledons Medium-big seed brown-pink colour seed
FEATURES
Plant type: erect Cold: medium resistance N° of branches: 2,5-2,8 Drought: resistant Pods per plant: 57-60 Productivity: 1.200-1.500 Kg/ha Seeds per pod: 1,2-1,5 1.000 seeds weight: 35-40 gr Dehiscence: resistant Proteins: 24-26% FORAGE LEGUMES Plant height: 37-40 cm
SOWING DENSITY January February March April Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy - 220-250 250-300 250-300
Central Italy - 270-300 300-330 300-330
Southern Italy 220-250 220-250 250-300 -
88 FORAGE LEGUMES
“I say to the young people: do not be selfish, think about others too. Think about what the future has in store for you, and what you can do, and fear nothing. Do not let difficulties frighten you: I have had quite a few, and I stood against them without fear and total indifference to my person.”
Rita Levi-Montalcini
89 THE LAUNCH OF VEGA (2012)
Vega is the acronym for “ Vettore Europeo di Generazione Avanzata” (European new-generation aircraft) and was developed by Ariane Space in cooperation with European Space Agency and Italian Space Agency. The design and construction of the new vehicle was assigned to an Italian company ELV S.p.A., born in partnership with Italian Space Agency (ASI) and Avio S.p.A., and part of a programme launched by ESA (European Space agency). Assigned to another Italian company, Vitrociset S.p.A., the management of ground systems necessary in the launch of Vega from the launching pad ELA-1 from the space port Kourou in French Guyana.
The Italian Space Agency, best known as ASI, has over the years taken the lead in the sector of international science space, thus becoming one of the most acknowledged “excellencies” in our country concerning satellite technologies and development of exploring space vehicles. From the desire to explore the universe, the research of new technologies, space represents an ideal dimension which permits the human mind to widen his horizon, dream and explore worlds and planets still unknown to him.
The Italian Space Agency is in partnership too with NASA on the construction of an international space station, where the Italian astronauts have demonstrated to have great professionalism. The Italian scientific community has obtained notable success in the sector, performing decisive advance in the understanding of the phenomenon of the gamma ray bursts, just as the study on the origin of ray bursts. 90 GAMMA Alfalfa > Medium cycle Class of dormancy: 6 Use: hay, dehydrated hay and flour Resistant to cold Low saponin content
FEATURES
Plant type: erect Cold: resistant Stem: thin Resistance to lodging: excellent Plant height: 75-80 cm Rusts: medium tolerance Leaves: elliptic Fusarium: medium tolerance Flower: purple/light purple Botrytis: medium tolerance Relationship leaves/stem: high Cercospora: medium tolerance Spring vegetative resumption: anticipated Forage production: high Winter rest: postponed Suitable for pastures
ADVISED QUANTITY OF SEED
Fall sowing 40 Kg/ha
Spring sowing 50 Kg/ha
91 ITACA Alfalfa > Early cycle Class of dormancy: 6,5 Use: hay, dehydrated hay and flour High speed of regrowth High number of its stems
FEATURES
Plant type: erect Cold: medium resistance Stem: thin Resistance to lodging: excellent Plant height: 70-75 cm Rusts: medium tolerance Leaves: elliptic Fusarium: medium tolerance Flower: purple/light purple Botrytis: medium tolerance EINKORN Relationship leaves/stem: high Cercospora: medium tolerance Spring vegetative resumption: anticipated Forage production: high Winter rest: postponed Suitable for pastures
ADVISED QUANTITY OF SEED
Fall sowing 40 Kg/ha
Spring sowing 50 Kg/ha
92 EINKORN
“The secret of success? Think different from others and don’t betray the client.” Michele Ferrero
93 HAMMURABI Registration year > 2016 Einkorn > Medium cycle Low gluten index Recommended for the production of highly digestible products For the production of pasta, bread and beer
FEATURES Ear: medium Rusts: good tolerance Kernels: hulled Fusarium: medium tolerance Awn: present Septoria: good tolerance Plant height: 105-115 cm 1.000 seeds weight: 30-35 gr Tillering: medium-high Test weight: 75-78 Cold: medium resistance Proteins: 18-21% Drought: medium resistance Hardness: extra soft Habitus: alternative W: 20-30 Resistance to lodging: high Gluten index: 5-10 Oidium: good tolerance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 350-400 400-500 450-500 500-550 -
Central Italy 370-420 420-520 520-550 520-550 -
Southern Italy 350-400 400-500 500-550 500-550 -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 94 NORBERTO Einkorn > Late cycle Low gluten index (high digestibility) High adaptability and good tolerance to main diseases Suitable for food processing, especially bread, buns and biscuits
FEATURES Ear: medium-long Rusts: good tolerance Kernels: covered Fusarium: medium tolerance Awn: present Septoria: good tolerance Plant height: 120-140 cm 1.000 seeds weight: 25-30 gr Tillering: very high Test weight: 40-47 Cold: resistant Proteins: 18-19% Drought: resistant Hardness: extra soft Habitus: alternative W: 50-60 Resistance to lodging: good Gluten index: 20-30 Oidium: good tolerance
SOWING DENSITY October November December January February Germinated seeds/m2
Northern Italy 300-350 350-450 400-450 450-500 -
Central Italy 320-370 370-470 470-500 470-500 -
Southern Italy 300-350 350-450 450-500 450-500 -
The density of sowing set out in the table above is indicative. For more detailed information visit www.agroservicespa.it 95 96 SAMANTHA CRISTOFORETTI (2014): THE FIRST ITALIAN ASTRONAUT TO BE A WOMAN
Samantha Cristoforetti a career in the army, pilot, astronaut and engineer, the first Italian woman to be part of the crew of European Space Agency. Through ISS Expedition 42/ Expedition 43 in 2014-2015 she holds the European and Woman’s record in space on a single flight (199 days). Currently heading the twenty third NEEMO (NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations) mission. NEEMO is a US space agency project which consists in carrying out simulations sending groups of astronauts amongst whom engineers and scientists to live together as long as three weeks in the module Aquarius, presently the only existing underwater research in the world. The research habitat is managed by Florida International University (FIU) and is located 5,6 km off Key in Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, at a depth of 19 metres. The Aquarius habitat and its surrounding environment are perfect for aerospace simulations. In fact, as occurs in space, the submarine world is a hostile and alien world for human man. Crew members of NEEMO, called ‘aquanauts’ are forced to cope with the same difficulties they might come against exploring an asteroid or a planet.
97 BORAX FUMAROLES THE GOLDSMITH’S OF LARDERELLO ART OF VALENZA
Larderello produces 10% geothermic energy in the world, This Italian craft represents one of the “Made in Italy excellencies”. accounting for 4800 GWh per annum, providing one million A perfect blend between the past and modernity, which well households in Italy. Larderello represents the first worldwide depicts the love for beauty through handcraft savoir faire which experience in exploitation of geothermic energy for the production has ranked Italy a world leader in the manufacturing of jewelry and of electricity. Thanks to Prince Piero Ginori-Conti, energy from goldsmith jewelry. In Italy the de-luxe sector of international fame is blowers pertaining to the generation of electric energy became a flourishing industry, represented by the ‘gold districts’ in particular in use in 1905. Wells were to be dug then (since 1931) which could that of Valenza which is one of the most important sectors in meet a sensibly high demand and the first cooling towers were jewelry production in the world. Top range jewelry and gold jewelry built. Following this, ENEL built a power station which drew steam is produced and sold in this district. The small city in Piedmont directly from the soil conveying it into turbines connected to has the highest density of goldsmiths in Italy, the highest number alternators which produce energy. of gold handcraft undertakings and jewelry shops and blends the well- rooted tradition of high craftsmanship to a great capacity in technical innovation, style and materials. Top design together with a dynamic productive network and famous international trade fair, training centres and a solid goldsmith tradition have made Valenza a point of reference and excellency in Italian creativity.
98 THE MICROCHIP CURIOSITY INTEL THE WORLD’S FIRST MICROPROCESSOR
Federico Faggin: “I’ve created the first microchip, but the most powerful computer is man”. In the 70’s he invented the famous 4004, then the touch screen, today Silicon Valley is studying the wonders of the human brain. Experts consider his invention to be the first and real microprocessor, so-called the «the miracle chip» as it paved the way to mass informatics as we know it today: it was the «clay» moulded by the hands of the youths like Bill Gates. Electronic expert and physicist from Vicenza, he professionally grew in Olivetti, Faggin in 1968 was precocious «brain drain» towards America. An invention in 2010 earned him an award given to him by Barack Obama at the National Medal of Technology and Innovation.
MURANO GLASS
A handcraft tradition of advanced industrial technique, manual skills and technology go to make up what for centuries has featured and been exalted in the Italian glass-making tradition. Occupying the de-luxe range segment of the market it is synonymous of Italian style, the art of glass-making began in Murano, Venice and is today exported the world over, even though the core still lies on the small island of Venice where glass- making began way back in the VIII century. Murano is where the highest expression of refined work of many of the dynasties of master glass-makers handed down the secrets of the island on the art of transforming sand through air and fire.
99 WEB SOURCES
www.treccani.it www.vis.sns.it www.brevestoriadelcinema.altervista.org www.on.techprincess.it www.bialettigroup.it www.avio.com www.vespa.com www.eso.org www.italicon.education/it/news www.televisione.it www.wide.piaggiogroup.com www.corriere.it www.ilsole24ore.com www.commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=16257113 www.repubblica.it (Di ImagoAnimae - Opera propria, CC BY-SA 3.0) www.goodesignblog.com www.motorwebmuseum.it www.educatoridigitali.it www.wired.it www.perugina.com www.cinematographe.it www.museoauto.it www.wikipedia.org www.astronautinews.it www.autoappassionati.it www.novecento.orgi www.futur-ism.it www.espresso.repubblica.it www.palp-pontedera.it www.primochef.it www.pininfarina.it www.cultura.biografieonline.it www.italia.it www.donnenellascienza.it www.italianways.com www.trama-e-ordito.blogspot.com www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5 L.Kenzel at ro.wikipedia CC BY 2.5 www.commons.wikimedia.org Cropped screenshot of Audrey Hepburn and Gregory Peck from the Thomas Nguyen [CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)] trailer for the film Roman Holiday. Date 1953. Source Roman Holiday trailer www.inchiostro.unipv.it www.farodiroma.it Studies on Marco Michahelles: we thank in particular www.enocibario.it Prof. Benito Giorgi and Dr. Luciana Becherini. THE BEAUTY OF KNOWLEDGE BETWEEN SCIENCE, MYTH, FUTURISM AND AVANT-GARDE ISEA IS A BRAND OF
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Cover:
The Vespa Piaggio - scene from the film “Vacanze romane” (1953), directed by William Wyler, interpreted by Gregory Peck and Audrey Hepburn. CATALOG SEED AUTUMN 2019