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POLITICAL ECONOMY RESEARCH INSTITUTE University of Massachusetts Amherst Community Rights, Costs, and Benefits: The Question of Natural Resource Stewardship and Community Benefits in Zimbabwe’s CAMPFIRE Program James C. Murombedzi January 2003 CONFERENCE PAPER SERIES No. 16 Committees, Rights, Costs and Benefits: The Question of Natural Resource Stewardship and Community Benefits in Zimbabwe’s CAMPFIRE Program James C. Murombedzi The Ford Foundation Johannesburg, South Africa 1 In the CAMPFIRE formulation, the resource management problems obtaining in the communal areas of Zimbabwe are the result of the absence of both the institutional capacity as well as the incentives to manage the resources in question. The CAMPFIRE solution, therefore, was to introduce new systems of group ownership and territorial rights to natural resources to communities, and provide the appropriate institutions for legitimate resource management for the benefit of these communities (Martin 1986). The implementation of this solution was attained through the enactment of an amendment to the Parks and Wild Life Act of 1975, which enables the government to delegate appropriate authority over the wildlife to the ‘communal representatives’. The CAMPFIRE program in fact constitutes a transfer of the notion of ownership, successfully implemented with regard to individual landowners, to communal landowners (Farquharson 1993). This chapter tests the extent to which CAMPFIRE has in fact been able to devolve ownership over wildlife to communities in the communal areas, and thereby promoted stewardship of wildlife through the production of benefits for the participating communities. To achieve this, I will proceed by first evaluating the extent to which CAMPFIRE has succeeded in eliciting stewardship of the wildlife resource by participating communities through the devolution of clear and unambiguous rights to wildlife to these communities. -
1 Research Application Summary Evaluating the Level of Adoption Of
Research Application Summary Evaluating the level of adoption of improved agrosilvopastoral technologies, factors affecting adoption and establishing the species and systems adopted among small holder farmers of Buhera and Mutasa Districts of Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe Chihota B.P., Mupanda K., Mrema M., Tagwira F. & Ajayi O.C. Background Two thirds of the rural populations in most countries of Sub-Saharan Africa subsist on less than US$1 a day. The farmers’ economies have weak linkages to the markets and they have little or no access to external inputs. The increasing cost of inputs and high transport costs make external inputs unaffordable for the smallholder farmer (Spencer, 2002). Inorganic fertilizer use has declined to 8kg/ha (NEPAD, 2006). Smallholder farmers cannot afford stock feeds for supplementing limited and poor quality pasture during the dry and cold season. Land degradation and siltation are an environmental concern that also reduces yields (Rattsø, 1996). Crop and livestock yields are low and declining. Countries like Zimbabwe, Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique and Botswana are affected and as a result, food insecure (Bohringer, 2002). Some agroforestry technologies have been shown to improve the soil and animal fodder availability (Dzowela, 1994; Govere, 2003). Agroforestry can improve crop and livestock production by providing relatively less costly, more affordable and locally available inputs for fodder and soil amendments to the smallholder farmer. Government departments and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) like World Agroforestry Centre (WAC) are scaling up agroforestry through training and distributing germplasm to the smallholder farmers in the region. Not much has been done on assessment of adoption and factors that affect adoption of agroforestry in different geographical areas and agricultural sectors in Zimbabwe. -
LAN Installation Sites Coordinates
ANNEX VIII LAN Installation sites coordinates Item Geographical/Location Service Delivery Tic Points (List k if HEALTH CENTRE Site # PROVINCE DISTRICT Dept/umits DHI (EPMS SITE) LAN S 2 services Sit COORDINATES required e LOT 1: List of 83 Sites BUDIRIRO 1 HARARE HARARE POLYCLINIC [30.9354,-17.8912] ALL X BEATRICE 2 HARARE HARARE RD.INFECTIO [31.0282,-17.8601] ALL X WILKINS 3 HARARE HARARE INFECTIOUS H ALL X GLEN VIEW 4 HARARE HARARE POLYCLINIC [30.9508,-17.908] ALL X 5 HARARE HARARE HATCLIFFE P.C.C. [31.1075,-17.6974] ALL X KAMBUZUMA 6 HARARE HARARE POLYCLINIC [30.9683,-17.8581] ALL X KUWADZANA 7 HARARE HARARE POLYCLINIC [30.9285,-17.8323] ALL X 8 HARARE HARARE MABVUKU P.C.C. [31.1841,-17.8389] ALL X RUTSANANA 9 HARARE HARARE CLINIC [30.9861,-17.9065] ALL X 10 HARARE HARARE HATFIELD PCC [31.0864,-17.8787] ALL X Address UNDP Office in Zimbabwe Block 10, Arundel Office Park, Norfolk Road, Mt Pleasant, PO Box 4775, Harare, Zimbabwe Tel: (263 4) 338836-44 Fax:(263 4) 338292 Email: [email protected] NEWLANDS 11 HARARE HARARE CLINIC ALL X SEKE SOUTH 12 HARARE CHITUNGWIZA CLINIC [31.0763,-18.0314] ALL X SEKE NORTH 13 HARARE CHITUNGWIZA CLINIC [31.0943,-18.0152] ALL X 14 HARARE CHITUNGWIZA ST.MARYS CLINIC [31.0427,-17.9947] ALL X 15 HARARE CHITUNGWIZA ZENGEZA CLINIC [31.0582,-18.0066] ALL X CHITUNGWIZA CENTRAL 16 HARARE CHITUNGWIZA HOSPITAL [31.0628,-18.0176] ALL X HARARE CENTRAL 17 HARARE HARARE HOSPITAL [31.0128,-17.8609] ALL X PARIRENYATWA CENTRAL 18 HARARE HARARE HOSPITAL [30.0433,-17.8122] ALL X MURAMBINDA [31.65555953980,- 19 MANICALAND -
Ecological Changes in the Zambezi River Basin This Book Is a Product of the CODESRIA Comparative Research Network
Ecological Changes in the Zambezi River Basin This book is a product of the CODESRIA Comparative Research Network. Ecological Changes in the Zambezi River Basin Edited by Mzime Ndebele-Murisa Ismael Aaron Kimirei Chipo Plaxedes Mubaya Taurai Bere Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa DAKAR © CODESRIA 2020 Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa Avenue Cheikh Anta Diop, Angle Canal IV BP 3304 Dakar, 18524, Senegal Website: www.codesria.org ISBN: 978-2-86978-713-1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage or retrieval system without prior permission from CODESRIA. Typesetting: CODESRIA Graphics and Cover Design: Masumbuko Semba Distributed in Africa by CODESRIA Distributed elsewhere by African Books Collective, Oxford, UK Website: www.africanbookscollective.com The Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa (CODESRIA) is an independent organisation whose principal objectives are to facilitate research, promote research-based publishing and create multiple forums for critical thinking and exchange of views among African researchers. All these are aimed at reducing the fragmentation of research in the continent through the creation of thematic research networks that cut across linguistic and regional boundaries. CODESRIA publishes Africa Development, the longest standing Africa based social science journal; Afrika Zamani, a journal of history; the African Sociological Review; Africa Review of Books and the Journal of Higher Education in Africa. The Council also co- publishes Identity, Culture and Politics: An Afro-Asian Dialogue; and the Afro-Arab Selections for Social Sciences. -
THE HISTORY of the TONGA and FISHING COOPERATIVES in BINGA DISTRICT 1950S-2015
FACULTY OF ARTS DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY EMPOWERMENT OR CONTROL? : THE HISTORY OF THE TONGA AND FISHING COOPERATIVES IN BINGA DISTRICT 1950s-2015 BY HONOUR M.M. SINAMPANDE R131722P DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF ARTS IN PARTIAL FULLFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE HONOURS DEGREE IN HISTORY AT MIDLANDS STATE UNIVERSITY. NOVEMBER 2016 ZVISHAVANE: ZIMBABWE SUPERVISOR DR. T.M. MASHINGAIDZE APPROVAL FORM The undersigned certify that they have supervised the student Honour M.M Sinampande (R131722P) dissertation entitled Empowerment or Control? : The history of the Tonga and fishing cooperatives in Binga District 1950-210 submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Bachelor of Arts in History Honours Degree offered by Midlands State University. Dr. T.M Mashingaidze ……………………… SUPERVISOR DATE …….……………………………………… …………………………….. CHAIRPERSON DATE ….………………………………………… …………………………….. EXTERNAL EXAMINER DATE DECLARATION I, Honour M.M Sinampande declare that, Empowerment or Control? : The history of the Tonga and fishing cooperatives in Binga District 1950s-2015 is my own work and it has never been submitted before any degree or examination in any other university. I declare that all sources which have been used have been acknowledged. I authorize the Midlands State University to lend this to other institution or individuals for purposes of academic research only. Honour M.M Sinampande …………………………………………… 2016 DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my father Mr. H.M Sinampande and my mother Ms. J. Muleya for their inspiration, love and financial support throughout my four year degree programme. ABSTRACT The history of the Tonga have it that, the introduction of the fishing villages initially and then later the cooperative system in Binga District from the 1950s-2015 saw the Zambezi Tonga lose their fishing rights. -
SOCIAL ENTERPRISE AS the GAME-CHANGER: EMBRACING INNOVATION and DYNAMISM in CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE in ZIMBABWE Rangarirai Franka & Zororo Murandab
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ AJSW, Volume 6 Number 1 2016 Frank, R. & Muranda, Z. Publisher African Journal of Social Work Afri. j. soc. work © National Association of Social Workers-Zimbabwe/Author(s) ISSN Print 1563-3934 ISSN Online 2409-5605 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International License SOCIAL ENTERPRISE AS THE GAME-CHANGER: EMBRACING INNOVATION AND DYNAMISM IN CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE IN ZIMBABWE Rangarirai Franka & Zororo Murandab ABSTRACT The integration of economic and social value creation through social entrepreneurship has become a global phenomenon. Only recently, social work practitioners, researchers, and academics have begun to explore social entrepreneurship including its significance to social work practice. This paper discusses social enterprise as an innovative and dynamic approach to social work practice which addresses complex societal challenges within a constrained but constantly changing environment. Since social entrepreneurship embraces the application of business acumen to raise income for the purposes of supporting a social mission, its application to social work practice in Zimbabwe’s voluntary sector has become indispensable, given the dwindling state and donor funds to support and sustain social services delivery. The paper underscores that since social enterprise is premised on a culture of innovation, openness and adaption, it represents a hands-on approach to sustainable -
The Political Ecology of Poverty Alleviation in Zimbabwe's Communal Areas Management Programme for Indigenous Resources CAMPFIRE) B
Geoforum 33 2002) 1±14 www.elsevier.com/locate/geoforum The political ecology of poverty alleviation in Zimbabwe's Communal Areas Management Programme for Indigenous Resources CAMPFIRE) B. Ikubolajeh Logan a, William G. Moseley b a Department of Geography, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2502, USA b Department of Geography, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, IL 60115-2854, USA Received 13 November 2000; in revised form 25 June 2001 Abstract The CAMPFIRE program in Zimbabwe is one of a `new breed' of strategies designed to tackle environmental management at the grassroots level. CAMPFIRE aims to help rural communities to manage their resources, especially wildlife, for their own local development. The program's central objective is to alleviate rural poverty by giving rural communities autonomy over resource management and to demonstrate to them that wildlife is not necessarily a hindrance to arable agriculture, ``but a resource that could be managed and `cultivated' to provide income and food''. In this paper, we assess two important elements of CAMPFIRE: poverty alleviation and local empowerment and comment on the program's performance in achieving these highly interconnected objectives. We analyze the program's achievements in poverty alleviation by exploring tenurial patterns, resource ownership and the allocation of proceeds from resource exploitation; and its progress in local empowerment by examining its administrative and decision making structures. We conclude that the program cannot eectively achieve the goal of poverty alleviation without ®rst addressing the administrative and legal structures that underlie the country's political ecology. Ó 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Political ecology; Poverty alleviation; Community-empowerment; CAMPFIRE 1. -
Inter-Agency Flooding Rapid Assessment Report 18-19 March
Inter-Agency Flooding Rapid Assessment Report 18-19 March - 2019 Supported by the Department of Civil Protection, UN-Agencies and NGOs Page | 1 Table of Contents Page | 2 1.0 General Assessment Information Main Objective of the assessment The main purpose of the Inter-Agency rapid assessment was to ascertain the scale and scope of the flooding situation focusing on key areas/sectors namely shelter and non-food items, Health and nutrition, Food security, WASH, Environment, Education, Protection and Early Recovery, its impact on individuals, communities, institutions and refugees. Specific Objectives of the Assessment • To determine the number of the affected people and establish their demographic characteristics • To determine the immediate, intermediate and long term needs of the affected communities Methodology • Field visits in accessible affected areas in Chimanimani and Chipinge; • Key informant interviews with the Provincial and District Administrators (Face to face and tele- interviews); • Secondary analysis of sectoral reports; • Key informant interviews with affected people. 1.1 Background of the flooding Zimbabwe experienced torrential rainfall caused by Cyclone Idai from the 15th of March 2019 to the 17th of March 2019.Tropical Cyclone Idai which was downgraded to a tropical depression on the 16th of March 2019 caused high winds and heavy precipitation in Chimanimani, Chipinge, Buhera, Nyanga, Makoni, Mutare Rural, Mutasa and parts of Mutare Urban Chimanimani and Chipinge districts among other districts, causing riverine and flash flooding and subsequent deaths, destruction of livelihoods and properties. To date, Chimanimani district is the most affected. An estimated 50,000 households/250,000 people were affected by flooding and landslides in Chimanimani and Chipinge, when local rivers and their tributaries burst their banks and caused the inundation of homes and schools causing considerable damage to property and livelihoods and in some cases deaths. -
The Mobile Workshop
The Mobile Workshop The Mobile Workshop The Tsetse Fly and African Knowledge Production Clapperton Chakanetsa Mavhunga The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England © 2018 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher. This book was set in ITC Stone Sans Std and ITC Stone Serif Std by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited. Printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available. ISBN: 978-0-262-53502-1 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 For Mildred Maidei Contents Preface: Before We Begin … ix Introducing Mhesvi and Ruzivo Rwemhesvi 1 1 How Vanhu Managed Tsetse 29 2 Translation into Science and Policy 49 3 Knowing a Fly 67 4 How to Trap a Fly 91 5 Attacking the Fly from Within: Parasitization and Sterilization 117 6 Exposing the Fly to Its Enemies 131 7 Cordon Sanitaire: Prophylactic Settlement 153 8 Traffic Control: A Surveillance System for Unwanted Passengers 171 9 Starving the Fly 187 10 The Coming of the Organochlorine Pesticide 211 11 Bombing Flies 223 12 The Work of Ground Spraying: Incoming Machines in Vatema’s Hands 247 13 DDT, Pollution, and Gomarara: A Muted Debate 267 14 Chemoprophylactics 289 15 Unleashed: Mhesvi in a Time of War 305 Conclusion: Vatema as Intellectual Agents 317 Glossary 321 Notes 337 References 363 Index 407 Preface: Before We Begin … Preface Preface © Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyAll Rights Reserved The Mobile Workshop: The Tsetse Fly and African Knowledge Production is a project about African understandings of their surroundings. -
Small Grain Production As an Adaptive Strategy to Climate Change in Mangwe District, Matabeleland South in Zimbabwe
Jàmbá - Journal of Disaster Risk Studies ISSN: (Online) 2072-845X, (Print) 1996-1421 Page 1 of 9 Original Research Small grain production as an adaptive strategy to climate change in Mangwe District, Matabeleland South in Zimbabwe Authors: This article assesses the feasibility of small grains as an adaptive strategy to climate change in 1 Tapiwa Muzerengi the Mangwe District in Zimbabwe. The change in climate has drastically affected rainfall Happy M. Tirivangasi2 patterns across the globe and in Zimbabwe in particular. Continuous prevalence of droughts Affiliations: in Zimbabwe, coupled with other economic calamities facing the Southern African country, 1Department of Community has contributed to a larger extent to the reduction in grain production among communal Development, University of farmers, most of whom are in semi-arid areas. This has caused a sudden increase in food KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa shortages, particularly in the Mangwe District, as a result of erratic rainfall, which has negatively affected subsistence farming. This article was deeply rooted in qualitative research 2Department of Sociology methodologies. Purposive sampling was used to sample the population. The researchers used and Anthropology, University key informant interviews, focus group discussions and secondary data to collect data. Data of Limpopo, Sovenga, South were analysed using INVIVO software, a data analysis tool that brings out themes. The results Africa of the study are presented in the form of themes. The study established that small grains Corresponding author: contributed significantly to addressing food shortages in the Mangwe District. The study Happy Tirivangasi, results revealed that small grains were a reliable adaptive strategy to climate change as they [email protected] increased food availability, accessibility, utilisation and stability. -
Situation Report on Cholera in Zimbabwe Issue Number 9 6 January 2009
UNITED NATIONS NATIONS UNIES Office for the Coordination of Bureau de Coordination des Humanitarian Affairs des Affaires Humanitaires Zimbabwe OCHA Zimbabwe Situation Report on Cholera in Zimbabwe Issue Number 9 6 January 2009 Summary New cholera cases and deaths continue to be reported mainly in the nine (9) out of ten Provinces of Zimbabwe. During the epidemiological reporting period since the outbreak of cholera in August, 2008, all ten (10) Provinces of the country reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) through the Ministry of Health and Child Welfare (MoHCW) a cumulative total of 35,330 suspected cases and 1,753 deaths. The trends of the epidemic are illustrated in figures and maps attached to the report. The humanitarian community has enhanced its response capacity and coordination in order to manage the outbreak; the WWW maps forming part of the report show agency or organization spread and coverage in the country in response to the cholera emergency. Table 1: Cholera impacts by Province. Province Cumulative Cumulative Case Fatality Community Community Death Cases Deaths Rate (CFR)(%) Deaths (part of as % of total total) Harare 11,500 382 3.32 16 4.2 Mashonaland Central 716 50 6.98 42 84.0 Mashonaland East 3,450 258 7.48 155 60.1 Mashonaland West 8,184 377 4.61 152 40.3 Matabeleland North 2 0 0 0 0.0 Matabeleland South 4,191 128 3.05 43 33.6 Manicaland 4,129 280 6.78 233 83.2 Masvingo 2,206 208 9.43 135 64.9 Bulawayo 377 12 3.18 8 66.7 Midlands 575 58 10.09 48 82.8 Grand Total 35,330 1753 4.96 832 47.5 Source: WHO/MoHCW I. -
Zimbabwe HIV Care and Treatment Project Baseline Assessment Report
20 16 Zimbabwe HIV Care and Treatment Project Baseline Assessment Report '' CARG members in Chipinge meet for drug refill in the community. Photo Credits// FHI 360 Zimbabwe'' This study is made possible through the support of the American People through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID.) The contents are the sole responsibility of the Zimbabwe HIV care and Treatment (ZHCT) Project and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the U.S. Government. FOREWORD The Government of Zimbabwe (GoZ) through the Ministry of Health and Child Care (MoHCC) is committed to strengthening the linkages between public health facilities and communities for HIV prevention, care and treatment services provision in Zimbabwe. The Ministry acknowledges the complementary efforts of non-governmental organisations in consolidating and scaling up community based initiatives towards achieving the UNAIDS ‘90-90-90’ targets aimed at ending AIDS by 2030. The contribution by Family Health International (FHI360) through the Zimbabwe HIV Care and Treatment (ZHCT) project aimed at increasing the availability and quality of care and treatment services for persons living with HIV (PLHIV), primarily through community based interventions is therefore, lauded and acknowledged by the Ministry. As part of the multi-sectoral response led by the Government of Zimbabwe (GOZ), we believe the input of the ZHCT project will strengthen community-based service delivery, an integral part of the response to HIV. The Ministry of Health and Child Care however, has noted the paucity of data on the cascade of HIV treatment and care services provided at community level and the ZHCT baseline and mapping assessment provides valuable baseline information which will be used to measure progress in this regard.