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<Literature, Film and Culture in Southeast Asia> Twelve Title Sisters: A Shared Heritage in Cambodia, Laos, and Thailand YAMAMOTO, Hiroyuki; BOONKHACHORN, Trisilpa; TUDKEAO, Chanwit; PHOLLURXA, Khamphuy; VAN, Sovathana; PAL, Vannarirak; HASHIMOTO, Sayaka; Author(s) OKADA, Tomoko; HIRAMATSU, Hideki; UABUMRUNGJIT, Chalida; DOUNG, Sarakpich; LUANGMOVIHANE, Dethnakhone; BOUANDAOHEUANG, Athidxay Citation Thailand P.E.N. Center. (2020): i-99 Issue Date 2020-09 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/256030 ©2020 YAMAMOTO Hiroyuki for selection and editorial material. Individual chapters, the contributors. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or Right other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Type Book Textversion publisher Kyoto University Literature, Film and Culture in Southeast Asia Twelve Sisters: A Shared Heritage in Cambodia, Laos, and Thailand Edited by YAMAMOTO Hiroyuki Thailand P.E.N. Center This edition published September 2020 by Thailand P.E.N. Center 2 Phichai Rd., Dusit District, Bangkok 10200 [email protected] ©2020 YAMAMOTO Hiroyuki for selection and editorial material. Individual chapters, the contributors. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Literature, Film and Culture in Southeast Asia Twelve Sisters: A Shared Heritage in Cambodia, Laos, and Thailand edited by YAMAMOTO Hiroyuki assistant editors: HASHIMOTO Sayaka, HIRAMATSU Hideki and OKADA Tomoko Cover designed by Opath KHAMMAVONG Contents List of Contributors v Acknowledgements ix Introduction x 1 Cultural Identity and Creative Tourism The Folktale Nang Sip Song (Twelve Sisters) in the Global Contexts 1 Trisilpa BOONKHACHORN 2 From Folktale to Buddhist Tale The Twelve Sisters in the Buddhist Tale, Paññāsajātaka in Thailand 6 Chanwit TUDKEAO 3 Shapes of Love in Lao Tradition The Legend of the Twelve Sisters in Laos 13 Khamphuy PHOLLURXA 4 Being a Good Son is the Greatest Virtue The Twelve Sisters in the Cambodian National Language Textbook 26 VAN Sovathana 5 Power of Tales How Narrating Stories Instilled Hope to Survive during the Pol Pot Regime in Cambodia 33 PAL Vannarirak 6 Male Mountain, Female Mountain Local Topography and Oral Tradition in Laos 36 HASHIMOTO Sayaka 7 Princess Kongrey’s Last Wish Cambodian Utopia in Ly Bun Yim’s Puthisen Neang Kongrey 50 OKADA Tomoko iii 8 Comical Thevada and Feminine Ogre Innovative Characters Reflecting Modern Thai Social Context in the Twelve Sisters 68 HIRAMATSU Hideki 9 The Blooming Season Thai Short Film 74 Chalida UABUMRUNGJIT 10 Aspiring for the Next “Golden Age” The Growing Industry of Cambodian Films 77 DOUNG Sarakpich 11 For the Development of Lao Film Film Archives and Film Industry in Laos 88 Dethnakhone LUANGMOVIHANE 12 Boosting Passions for Making Stories The Short Filmmaking Scene in Laos 95 Athidxay BOUANDAOHEUANG iv Contributors YAMAMOTO Hiroyuki is Associate Professor at Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, Japan. His current research interest is in the role of theatre and cinema in the making of modern concepts of nation in Southeast Asia. He has co-edited Film in Contemporary Southeast Asia: Cultural Interpretation and Social Intervention (Routledge, 2011) and Yasmin Ahmad: Malaysia’s Most Memorable Storyteller (Eimei Information Design, 2019). Trisilpa BOONKHACHORN is an Associate Professor of Department of Comparative Literature, Faculty of Arts, Chulalongkorn University and the President of Thailand P.E.N. Center. She received her PhD. In Thai Literature from Chulalongkorn University in 1987 and in Comparative Literature from University of Michigan (Ann Arbor) in 1991. She has a lot of overseas teaching experiences in U.S., Germany and Osaka University of Foreign Studies in Japan. Since 2016 she has also worked as an academic specialist in Thai Language and Literature at Department of Thai, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Prince Songkhlanakharin University, Pattani Campus, Thailand. Her works in English include “The Development and Trends of Literary Study in Thailand”, “Intertextuality as a Paradigm for Literary Study in Thai Literary and Social Contexts”. Chanwit TUDKEAO is Assistant Professor at South Asian Languages Section, Department of Eastern Languages, Faculty of Arts, Chulalongkorn University. He obtained his M.A. in Buddhist Studies from Kyoto University (Japan) in 2004 and PhD in Indology and Tibetology, Ludwig-Maximilian Universität München (Germany) in 2009. His works include “Versionen des Ratnaketuparivarta: Studien über die Überlieferung des Ratnaketuparivarta und eine kritische Ausgabe der Sanskrit-Fragmente” (PhD dissertation) and “Buddhist Beliefs Reflected in Tibetan Daily Prayer Book in Comparison with the Chinese Ones” (Understanding 21st Century China in Buddhist Asia: History, Modernity, and International Relations. 2016). v Khamphuy PHOLLURXA is Lecturer at Department of Lao Language, Faculty of Letters, National University of Laos. She received a master's degree in Development Sociology from Khon Kaen University (Thailand) in 2000. Since 1982, she has been teaching at Vientiane Pedagogical University and the Department of Lao Language, Faculty of Letters, National University of Laos as a lecturer. Her specialty is Lao Cultural Studies, especially focusing on Lao traditional folktales and Lao people’s belief. Her works include: Naga Pattern Lao Identity Textile (2012), Phaya Verse and Lao People’s Lifestyle (2014) and Waken up by the Sound of Crying (collection of poem, 2016). VAN Sovathana teaches at the Department of Khmer Literature of the Royal University of Phnom Penh. She received a master's degree in Philology from Simferopol University (Ukraine) in 1993 and has been teaching at the Royal University of Phnom Penh since then. Her overseas teaching experience includes stints at Ubon Ratchathani University (Thailand), University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (U.S.) and Tokyo University of Foreign Studies (Japan). Her research interests include Japanese modern novels. She is working as an essayist and her pieces are largely autobiographical. PAL Vannarirak is a Cambodian novelist, poet, scriptwriter and lyricist. Her first novel Darkness Went Away published 1989 won the first prize of the 10th Anniversary 7 January Victory Award. After the end of civil war, she put much effort into revive of the Khmer Writer’s Association established in 1954. In 1995 she won the first prize of the Preah Sihanouk Reach Award for her novel Unforgettable. She participated the Sweden International Poem Festival in 2002 and presented her new poem titled “Khmer Moon”. She was invited to give lectures on Khmer literature as a visiting guest by Japan Foundation, Tokyo in 2003. In 2003, Darkness Went Away was translated into Japanese and published in Tokyo. She won the Southeast Asian Writers Award in 2006. HASHIMOTO Sayaka is Assistant Professor at Gakushuin Women’s College. Her specialty is Sport Anthropology and Lao studies, especially focusing on traditional boat racing culture in Asian countries. Her recent book is The Margins between Tradition and Sport of Boat Racing Festival in Laos which is based on her Ph.D. thesis. Her current research interests include sports policies for ethnic minorities in Laos and representation of Lao culture looking through films and folktales. OKADA Tomoko is Associate Professor and has been teaching at the Department of Cambodian Studies of Tokyo University of Foreign Studies since 1997. Prior to this, she studied and researched on Cambodian literature and writers in Phnom Penh as a student of the Royal University of Phnom vi Penh from 1994 to 1996. Her research and teaching interests include modern and contemporary Cambodian literature, film, music and popular culture. Her translations of modern Cambodian literature into Japanese have been published in Tokyo, Japan; Nou Hach’s the Faded Flower and the Garland of Heart, Pal Vannarirak’s Darkness Went Away, Chuth Khay’s Boarders at the Pagoda, Khmeng Salabarang and Sentimental Buffalo, a collection of short stories by Soth Polin, Khun Srun, Mao Somnang, Meyson Sotheary, and Oum Sambat’s autobiography, 1366 days Under the Hell. HIRAMATSU Hideki is Affiliate Associate Professor at Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University. He obtained his M.A. in Comparative Literature from Chulalongkorn University in 2001 and PhD in Literature from Osaka University in 2006. He specializes on Thai literature, comparative literature and comparative culture. He has carried out a number of research on Thai literature from the perspective of gender and Buddhism. His current research interest is in popular culture in Thailand, and cultural relationship between Thailand and Japan. His work in English includes “Thai Literary Trends: from Seni Saowaphong to Chart Kobjitti” (Kyoto Review of Southeast Asia. Issue 8-9 Culture and Literature (March 2007). Chalida UABUMRUNGJIT is director of Thai Film Archive. She received a master's degree in Film Archiving from University of East Anglia, UK. She is one of the founding members of Thai Short Film and Video Festival. She has advocated for independent